Forgotten Iranian Parthian Empire ( امپراتوری اشکانیان) - Marc Antony's Parthian Wars - Part 7 of 8
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- Опубліковано 2 чер 2024
- Part 7 covers the events in the Parthian Empire between the death of Orodes II, Marc Antony's Parthian Wars and the Rise of Artabanus II. The Roman Parthian wars took place between the Roman Republic then Roman Empire and the Parthian Empire over the course of the the Parthian Empire's existence.
In this video we learn about Marc Antony's loss of almost 2/5th of his 80,000 soldiers with which he attempted to invade Parthia.
🎼 Music: EpidemicSound.com
Sources: A SPECIAL thank you to Talessman at www.worldhistorymaps.info/maps...
If you appreciate maps showing antiquity on a world scale then visit here.
Sources:
"Rome, Parthia & India" - John D Grainger
"The Persians: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Iran" - Katouzian, Homa "Parthian Coins" - Sellwood, David
"Arsacids and Sassanians" - Shayegan, Rahim M.
"Trajan's Parthian War" - Lightfoot, CS
#Parthia #RomanEmpire #Iranianhistory
YES!!!!! Wishing all good health and good fortune!
Rise Iran
The only Victories Antony had vs the Parthians was from his general Vinditus Bassus and he got all he credit...
Love and respect to our persian brothers from Armenian 🇦🇲
Suren Kalantarian love Armenians our lovely Brothers and sisters 💜
We love you too ❤❤❤
Those who forgot history are doomed to repeat it !!!!!!!
This channel deserves at least a million followers. Very precise, just love this channel Bravo 👏🏻 What a time we live in where crazy people get all the attention very unfortunate and sad. Please continue on doing your amazing work. 🙏🏻👌🏻👌🏻👏🏻👏🏻
Thanks for watching!
Love and respect Persian nation from Armenians .......
Георгий А. Iranian people love their cousins Armenians.
The parthians can be considered Renaissance of Iranians and ultimately paved the way for the way for the Sassanids 😍
Hamed Chagtai exactly
Cant wait to start the Sassanid series after the Parthians!
Indeed AND even the Sassanids were actually the Sassanid-Parthian confederacy with Parthians still being the backbone of the Sassanid military. Sadly, later Sassanids started persecuting Parthians, in some case killing many Parthian nobles. And soon the Sassanids must had regretted that because when the Arabs came Sassanids were basically defending Iran with their backbone shattered.
Ali Baloch yes exactly but still Parthians fought for Iran in front of Arabic aggression for example Rostam farokhzad was Parthian from Suren clan or House of Espahbodan.
The best thing that would happened in history of Iran was crushing defeat of Byzantine army which wanted to support Khosro the second from true Iranian parthian Hero and Arsacid king Bahram choobin.persians and parthians never had problems with each other,Sassanids and Arsacids had,we had in both of them traitors like persian Roozbeh behafarid(salman farsi) and shahrbaraz in parthian clan,and also heroes in both of them Rostam farokhzad the parthian and Shahin the persian.
@@aradsstates9584 Well we can say Parthians never had problems with Sassanids because Parthians accepted Sassanid rule over Iran viewing them as more deserving due to the ancestory they claimed but we cannot say the same for Sassanid because once in power the Sassanid most likely started viewing Parthians as a threat for being stronger militarily. In one instance killing thousands of Parthian nobles. This actually divided Iran and I see a lot of Iranians getting mad at Arabs for invading Iran when they were doing nothing new but the same as what Iranians have themselves been doing since way before Arabs. What Iranians should really be mad at is themselves for diving Iran. It is one thing claiming ancestory from some past wise people but Sassanids actions told otherwise. Cyrus the great made Iran great by uniting Iranian peoples, Sassanids destroyed it by dividing.
This is truly epic... I love your maps and graphics. 1st class video for sure, AMAZING job!
Thanks Cy! Looking forward to your next!
nice job on 1.1 million views! good stuff as always, storytelling is always so immersive.
Thanks and appreciated!
Very great video 😍💎👏🏻make me proud as Iranian and it’s completely historically accurate with details.
Cheers and thanks as always for dropping by to watch! Much more Iranian history coming. LIke I said can't wait to start the Sassanid series!
Dude your picture is amazing!
One of the best Parthian series produced so far. Excellent job!
Thank you fanzy!
Amazing narration #1 history channel on youtube
Thanks AJNova, appreciate the watch!
Excellent video.
Mark Antony's campaign was intended as a revenge for Crassus's failure, and he took the mountainous route through Armenia, a decision many claim would have made a difference between failure and success for Crassus. However, here we see that Mark Antony hardly fared any better despite the advantage in terrain offered to the Roman Legions.
Yes Antony was an enigma. I had a conversation with someone else about him yesterday touching on some of this. I think on a level playing field without distractions he was fairly competent...but when Antony was distracted (the disintegration of the triumverate, cleopatra and Egypt plus traitors in his midst) he didn't always fare so well. Would be great if we could see it as it actually was but alas we depend on these 2nd hand accounts many written by his friends :)
Mark Antony was nothing. Augustus/Octavian destroyed Mark Antony :)
If Antonius let an expert ( en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publius_Ventidius_Bassus ) finish the championship, they could won.
E. G. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Gindarus
Last episode was about it.
@@laistvan2 Warefare 101 says to secure your supply lines. I don't disagree with anything you've said my friend-like yore stated, I think Antony was capable, absent distraction. On top of that, he made a name for himself years earlier in the near east as a young cavalry commander. He helped secure Ptolemy xii's throne. (Cleopatra's dad) So on paper, he _should have been_ the man with the experience and resources to do the job. The pressure was really on him to fulfill Caesar's plans of a Parthian invasion-thus proving beyond a shadow of a doubt to everyone that he was Caesar's successor. Sorry for the paragraph, I'm reading a book on him now! :)
@@runevi I did not read this book so that should gave you deeper knowledge about his life, but e. g. Octavianus knew his borders and let experts(some older Caesarians, Agrippa, Tiberius etc. except Varrus) to lead his army. Antonius made a lot of mistake even when he was in Rome to represent Caesar, so he replaced him with Lepidus. He could not make any victory agains Octavian army in Italy(before 2nd Triumvirate). He was more successful in Philippi(but we don't know the details) but like Pompey, he could win agains weak enemies but not any experienced one.
Abu Troll: As I read Anthony was jealous of Bassius so he took over the leathership. Bassius was an experienced general, who used more archers and slingers than Romans before against Parthian horse archers what Anthony didn't do.
always excellent. thank you
Enjoyed!
Your voice is excellent, a voice people like to listen too to hear the stories from the past. Well done sir, thank you🙏😎👍
Cheers and thanks for watching!
Thank you, very good, as always :)
Thank you too!
Super like
Fascinating 🖖🏼
Yo i juat found this channel nice man
great vid my brother ! Marc Antonys Parthian campaign is very rarely talked about during discussions of his military career, its almost like those pro roman sources try to cover it up lol!
Thanks for sticking around :) Cheers!
Yore History great job from me Cyrus The Great continue the great work.
Cyrus II of Persia ua-cam.com/video/OVI3ii0D2R4/v-deo.html
My favorite history channel very detailed and no hint of western biases like the other channels
Thank you mo money!
@@YoreHistory Thanks for lowering the background music. In the earlier videos, it was too loud.
@@user-uy1rg8td1v Ya i was trying to match volume of other channels in older videos but 20 to 30db lower for music i think works best but some moments its still nice a bit louder ie suspense action but yes not too loud :)
If this legend does a Sassanid series after this I honestly cannot wait. I mean the rise of Ardashir I, Shapur the Great’s Campaigns in Eastern Rome and his quick alliance with Zenobia and skipping all the way to 602-654 with that while Byzantine War Fiasco (which they would have restored The Achaemenid Empire if it wasn’t for Heraclius) a series of Succession crisis’s and the eventual conquest by the Muslims. It would be a wild but fun series
Oh it's coming! :) Will be after the Parthian series.
I'm about to be crossing into the United States of Covid-19, (for the second time in as many days) but before I do, it's nice to get in an episode of Yore History. By the way love the intro, it makes one think, (especially after a "Finger of God" falls from the sky and kills two 18 year old kids, one of them being a family member of your employer). Keep the videos coming My Friend, Cheers.
Superb video......request......Battle of Actium 31BC.......😎🍷🌲
Noted, thanks!
Cheers everyone! I had planned on making this video longer but due to the scarcity of information and sheer amount of Kings the Parthians had in the period I had to split it into some additional parts to keep it from being too disjointed. I will be returning to our British Sailor/Roman Soldier and Viking but next up is another video I have been wanting to do like the Constantinople one :)
You know that there are many history channels that never mention Romans defeated battles against Parthians and Persians ? They only mention their victory or their topics are about something else. Thank you very much for making this video. Can't wait for the next one.
Btw, you wrote امپراطوری right, but, we write this word with another T (ت). They are both right but we usually write it with ت
Constantinople can wait it’s just a city... you’ve got lives on the line with the other 3 😁😉
@@ramtinfazeli5106 i will.change it when im back home thanks!
@@jamiebaker8017 LOL...ya just needed a wee break after the Viking one...put a lot into it and it was a bit tepid...so one more which shouldn't take as long and ill be back in fighting form!
I did not realize how much influence the Romans had on Parthian politics. It is no surprise since they competed for Armenia. However, having such a role in the government of such equal status is interesting.
Honestly, Count Hiram until i had started looking into the Parthians a year or so back I wasn't aware of the extent either...i knew they had fought but didn't realize how much those buffer states would play a role in literally centuries of almost stalemate conflict between the two!
Would you by chance have any book recommendations on the Parthian Empire? There is so little information available on them,... aside from your wonderful documentaries of course!
Yes will send you some additional bit description has a few as well. Soon as im back home.
Here are a few in depth ones: "The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3 Part 1: The Seleucid, Parthian and Sassanid Periods".
One of my favourite though is ""Reign of Arrows: The Rise of the Parthian Empire in the Hellenistic Middles east" its a new 2020 book.
Thank you, I’ll have a look for myself.
Καλλίνικος Γκρατσό Jozef Wolski the best parthian period Historian which wrote a lot of essays and books about Parthian empire or Arsacid Empire (the title is the :The le empire des Arsacides in persian:شاهنشاهى اشكانيان )which is more updated than any other books and essays and it is based more on priority sources not secondary sources .
You should make some videos on the Seleucid kingdom, imo the most underrated of the Hellenistic period kingdoms, lots of Roman propaganda (Livy, Polybius etc. that has been accepted for millennia) makes them seem as weak when in reality they were considered as the strongest kingdom for centuries.
I was going to but chose Parthian instead but definitely plan on revisiting after I close out the Iranian/Ottoman/Mongol empires :)
There's a story that has been around suggesting that the slave girl Augustus sent to the Parthian King was actually Caesar and Cleopatra's daughter and second child. This comes from a letter that Cicero wrote to a friend or relative about a possible second child Cleopatra gave birth to while staying in Rome in 45 or 44 BCE before Caesar was killed.
In a way it makes sense cause otherwise why would a King of any kind take a slave girl as a grift and make them his Queen. Of course it's only speculation but it does make you think.
Joseph Herrera any way that queen was loyal to octavian not phratees.
@Anthony Tsatsis There's another story that says she was pregnant when she left Rome after Caesar was killed but had a miscarriage. It's been a long time since I read some of the translation. But no one today can say with 100% certainty on what Cicero was really talking about.
Things are going down hill quickly for the Parthians. I hope they stabilize all those internal struggles
Are there any kushan related things coming?
I really hope to cover the Kushan and other Bactrian Indo/Greek kingdoms/empires at some point so yes but not sure exactly when.
Great IRAN 😎
Do you have good sources to research Parthian archery ? Planning to do so
I do give me a few to get to PC :)
Saw your channel, nice videos! I am currently working on the Mongolian invasion of Japan as my next video, lol may have a few questions!
My favourite book on the Parthians that covers a portion on archery:
Reign of Arrows: The Rise of the Parthian Empire in the Hellenistic Middle East Volume:
Author(s): Nikolaus Leo Overtoom
Also The Parthian Shot
M. Rostovtzeff
American Journal of Archaeology
Vol. 47, No. 2 (Apr. - Jun., 1943), pp. 174-187
Yore History thanks a lot I’ll check it out
Yore History anytime glad to help. I am more knowledgble in Mongolian than Japanese archery
@@HistoricalWeapons And I know more about Japanese than Mongolian so perfect :) will do thanks!
From the arrid Parthian plains, Yore war correspondent, back to studio!
Correspondent has finished the next episode script just putting it together :) This will end the Parthian series and setup the Sassanid!
@@YoreHistory will you gives us your point of view as to what they did wrong, did they give the region of Persis too much autonomy, how could they have countered the new roman trade route... Also have you thought about opening up memberships to your channel even €1 will get a long way when it adds up
@@DualAxer Thanks Alejandro. Yes I do have my personal viewpoints in the final episode particularly at the end when I talk about the battle with the Sassanids. But you raise a good point. I will go back and look at it see what else I can include.
As for memberships I have thought about it. I have a Patreon and was thinking maybe once the channel hits a milestone like 25k subs or 50k then open it up. But will look into it more.
Nothing would melt the Roman steel more than the wrath of Parthians!
I mean... other than Rome itself, I guess.
@@wellalrightthen3920 what a superb take
So you know nothing about the wrath of Sassanids. (Ardeshir Babakan/Papakan and his son Shapur I )
I'm fascinated by Antony. Talk about a man thrust in the midst of history! Love to know your thoughts about his generalship? On one hand, he had several decorations well before he even met Caesar (mural crown and several more I think?) He carried Octavian at Philippi, only to lose to Agrippa at Actium, he kills Pansa and Hirtius at Mutina, but still has to retreat. It's obvious Ventidius outperformed him against the Parthians. I'm really confused as to if this guy is any good!
My personal feelings are that he was a man that when focused to a task could achieve much. He had men extremely loyal to him and capable but others that while he thought he could trust would betray him. He was also prone to distraction. When distraction crept in to his life it seems to have impacted the former...
At Actium he was betrayed by a general he thought loyal and some of his men. He was also outnumbered although some say the quality of his ships made up for the numerical disadvantage either way his plans were given to his enemies. Why did those men betray him? My feeling is they saw the writing on the wall. With all things being equal (His time with Caesar, allied with Octavian and having the full support of capable generals around him...Ventidius etc) he could carry the day but after the Triumvirate disintegrated there wasn't much hope...I think many of his men knew it and felt it and more importantly i get the feeling he did as well and it likely showed, coupled with his other *distractions* and some just bad luck he was really a dead man walking...
So i do think he was a strong general when the playing field was more level and his focus was intact.
@@YoreHistory I agree. It just always was puzzling to me he has the reputation as an overachiever, meanwhile, Labienus is seen as an underachiever-at least as skillful as Caesar on the field-despite them having similar career trajectories as strong commanders with both sky highs and fatal lows. Perhaps that's Cicero's impact on his legacy. In any case, thank you for the thoughtful response! This was *such* a treat because there are *so* few resources on his Parthian campaign, as you noted.
@@runevi Glad you enjoyed it and yes agree as well and that is what makes it so interesting for me. We rely on so few sources. Future generations will have film footage just imagine that...1000 years from now they will see what the world wars looked like in moving pictures whereas we have to piece together bits and pieces but that is the fun for me...picturing what it must have actually been like. Im sure politics played as much into that as it always does. Politics the same then as now , propaganda etc. It's I think why some like Labienus does not echo as much through history as the likes of Antony who was the black sheep the regular Romans once turned loved to hate. I would love to have seen how things *actually* played out but for now I live vicariously through these creations and those of others :)
@@runevi ...fascinated?! Lol, Mark Antony was nothing. Augustus/Octavian destroyed Mark Antony :)
@@cyrusthegreatofpersiairan7569 "nothing." that's your opinion, and you're welcome to it. I disagree, and so does Shakespeare. So I'm in good company. There's a lot Augustus was excellent at-fighting wasn't not his thing. He almost always got some mysterious ailment before a battle. He then ran into the marsh upon defeat at Philippi and was apparently seasick at Actium. Agrippa defeated Antony.
One dislike is from Antony for sure lol
Edit:cleopatra and her sons and daughters from Antony joined Antony 😅.
Haha im sure :)
Yore History for next episode in both persian and english title you could wrote :
(Arsacid parthians shahanshahi of Iran)
شاهنشاهى پهلوى اشكانى ايران
It’s gone show how they were related to iranian civilization and how they were powerfully related to the great Achaemenid empire of the pastشاهنشاهى هخامنشى .
If next episode is about Vologases the first its very important cause all the great policies of parthians resulted in his time line i mean the restoration of Iranian culture and civilization,creating the mythology history of pahlavans/also battle of Rhandia is the most important battle between Rome and Parthia for Armenia, the establishment of Arsacid dynasty in Armenia is also the greatest parthian victory because wars mainly were about armenia both empires shared the power in Armenia but the rulers where parthians and they were the legitimate power even after parthians overthrow in Iran,so the result of battle of rhandia was more than 50 years of peace between the empires which parthians win the legitimacy in Armenia and romans win the surface in the city of rome,with the complete control of Silk road and having control over armenia Arsacids creat their own legacy,After trajan invasion Arsacid dynasty of Armenia just like indo parthians or Arsacid dynasty of Sakastan became completely independence but the cultural and political relationship between Royal parthian families remained.
It will. I was originally going to include him in this episode but there were simply to many Kings coming and going and I wanted it to flow a bit better so yes next episode :)
Yore History sounds great 😁👏🏻🌹🌸☺️
It is much easier to "divide and conquer" when the general you are facing does the work for you. As we say in gaming circles . . . never split the party.
Hehe indeed. As a lifelong DM though...depending on my mood I occasionally encourage it ;)
@@YoreHistory Ha! Every DM in a "foul mood" encourages that! ROFLMAO
@@anthonyhargis6855 Haha indeed :)
I am on a trip tonight, trying to learn more about Antony's return trek through Armenia. Just thinking of that as a human experience. Sounds awful. Antony may have made mistakes but, man, he must have seen some traumatizing things in his life.
100% can't even imagine.
Excellent video. But in the map your painted the Persians and the Elymaids a different colour. Also the same to the east.These lands were all part of Parthia. Also we all need to remember that it was the Parthians and Sassanian Empire who blocked the march of the great Roman empire to the east. To the east , Romans found a power which matched their own.
Ali Akbar yahya I think it’s because Parthian empire was decentralized and this provinces were federal states.
They were but they were vassal states so I painted them in a different colour as I did with the Roman vassal states. But yes they were part of Parthia. If you look at worldhistorymaps for example you can see them split into Parthia Major and the vassal states.
The Parthians were still around when the emperor Hadrian was living -before becoming emperor the Romans sent him as an emissary to the Parthians and he is supposed to have fallen in love with a Parthian princess -look up "Adriano in Siria" a libretto by the great Metastasio set to music by over 30 18th Century composers including Pergolesi.
Another Parthian monarch was was the subject of an 18th century Italian opera was Vologeso by Jommelli -one of the great Neapolitan masters of opera -Vologeso is thought to refer to Walgash a historical Parthian king.
Kalo Arepo wow thanks a lot I learned new informations from you,i read a lot about Parthians but i only learned about their relationship with Byzantine empire as the first knights or about Samanid dynasty in Iran after islam which had Parthian ancestry.
Hm... not sure about how reliable that story is...
Rome tried to do for Parthia what they did with the Seleucids. Having 1 guy raised in Rome to become the next king. But it failed.
from PERSIA ArmeniA Israel with Passion
Forgotten is a big word, what about Tottal war Rome?))))
Forgotten as in not often covered history wise but yes Ive played the Parthian scenario in Total War :)
There seems to be a real mess in Potamia.
It seems Both Republic
And Empire of Rome
Had Military troubles in this land of Barbarian
Parthia. The Archers of the Parthia Army l would have loved to see them in person
Oh man to have been a fly on the wall or side of a horse to see them in action...agreed.
the po parthians weren’t barbarians,romans and greeks needed slaves so they called anyone except themselves barbarians...
By trouble do you mean by conquering them, then yeah Parthia was a pain in Rome's butt. But in terms of military success sorry Rome beat the crap out of Parthia too many times. If not for the second great Jewish war and his age Trajan had the greatest chance of conquering Parthia.
Joseph Herrera Trajan had defeated in Hatra also septimus severus and their successors never followed their campaign in parthia because it all had costs without any benefit at all.also parthians had conquered levant,Antioch and syria so many times(parthians conquered syria,most parts of Anatolia ,Asia minor and judae from 40 bc to 38 bc while Trajan conquered Mesopotamia for 6 months)and ultimately Armenia was loyal to parthians because of parthian rulers.also Parthians beat Romans when they were powerful but romans beat parthians when they were in their dawn fall.also Trajan sacked ctesiphon without any confront with parthian armies,because it was parthians genius defensive strategy to not confront the superior enemy and take back their lands with partizani skirmishing counter attacks and logistics also with creating revolts and rebels against Romans specially with support of jews .all roman victories limited in 2 century ad ,before and after it Arsacid Parthians always had the upper hands and defeated the arrogant Romans.
@@aradsstates9584 @Arads States Yes the Parthians had success against the Romans, I don't dispute that but to say the Romans always beat the Parthians when they were weak and the Parthian always beat the Romans when they were strong is not true.
The one example you bring up was in 40-38 BCE when the Parthians took over most of Rome's eastern territories, you do realize this was during Rome's civil war following the assassination of Caesar. Once the civil war ended Anthony sent Publius Ventidius Bassus to push the Parthians and their Roman ally Quintus Labienus out and back to Parthia. Ventidius then capture and killed Labienus. Rome had also sack the Parthian capital city throughout 2 centuries around 5 times I believe while Parthia couldn't get no farther then the eastern edges of Anatolia and Judea. They also didn't conquer Rome's eastern territories many times over, invade sure but not conquer, you may be thinking of the Sassanids.
I have never heard of the Parthians abounding their capital city to wait for revolts and to force Rome into a defense strategy. However if that was their strategy it suck because Trajan was wiping the floor of them each and every time he fought them. You are correct he didn't take Hatra but that was probably due to his declining health and the immense heat there. And yes Trajan manage to do this while Parthia was in the middle of a civil war but that is no different then what they did to Rome in 40 BCE. Hadrian did renounce most of Rome's gains, whether this was due because he felt holding the territories wasn't worth it or because he wasn't ambitious enough like past Roman generals and rulers, we can't say for certain. If I had to guess I say it was both.
One could say that Rome's contuine invasions and sacking of the Parthian capital help the Sassanids raise to power as the wars took a bigger toll on Parthia then it did Rome.
Inloved with Cleopatra Antony forget how to fight !
Mark Antony was a fool and he was nothing. Octavian destroyed Mark Antony :)
R.M.S involving with ladies making every great man a fool I think Octavian knew this.but making fool of great roman Generals was the main Parthian career...
@@aradsstates9584 Well said!
how many kings called Mithridates lived in that period ?
As many as Kings named Henry ruled in Medieval Europe.
Only 4
4 as mentioned by Ali but if you count in the region and vassal states many more...there was a Mithridates VI of Pontus for example :)
What made it so popular of course was the name of the God Mithra for both Greek/Iranian.
Yore History because most of Parthians were Mithraism and with restoration of Zoroastrian they became Zoroastra but still love Mithra as one of Ahura mazdas Angels.
@@aradsstates9584 Yep indeed!
Excellent series though I got to say the Iranian empires are not “Forgotten “ ... their civilization lives on ... the Iranian civilization are practically conveniently ignored by Western scholars ... call it a Eurocentric prejudice
Thanks for watching! I was referring not to all Iranian empires only Parthian thus the name. I wouldnt call it just eurocentric much of the world isnt aware of the Parthians for a variety of reasons...less archaelogical evidence, less written records, less discussion versus Sassanid/Achaemenid...was for all those reasons i used the term.
The only thing worth mentioning about the Parthian empire is their victory over Crassus
The Watcher thanks to Plutarch but I’m not agree with you😉
So that's where the word "phraaticide" comes from? ;)
Lol well played.
@@YoreHistory - LOL, it was almost part of the video: Phraates killing his brothers while you said "fraticide" several times... it was a no brainer, really. I'm actually surprised the whole comment section was not spammed by that joke.
@@LuisAldamiz Now that you mention it so am I haha :)
Indo-Parthia was established by the all too powerful house of the Parthians, the Surenas hence it is also called Suren Kingdom.
Ali Baloch some historians thought Suren kingdom was still loyal to Arsacids while it became completely independent,some historians thought suren kingdom was still Arsacid dynasty,but something which proved is Arsacid dynasty in Iran was one branch of Arsacid empire,if Suren kingdom was a branch so it is Arsacid dynasty of Sakastan like Arsacid dynasty of Armenia but if it wasn’t loyal to Arsacid empire so it was Suren dynasty and the common thing was established by Parthians.some historians thought Gondophares was Rustam in shahname but if he wasn’t loyal to Iran it’s hard to confirm this historians doctrine.Arsacid empire was federations or federals of Arsacid dynasties which were even independent from each other’s but unit with each other when it comes to third party.
@@aradsstates9584 some have also written that the Parthian Surenas were sent into that region to counter the invading Sakas. But of course they stopped being loyal to Iran because later that Iran was not that ancient Iran anymore but something very different mixture of Arabized, Turkofied, Mongolized, Azeri Iran. That is why we say ancient Iran when we are talking about Persians and Parthians.
Ali Baloch no i mean independent in those times,I actually like that doctrine about the defensive strategy of suren kingdom which is likely to shahname.Iran may never had that origins after islam but it’s culture and civilization survived and it could be back to those more than 12 centuries imperial ages with educated people.
🇮🇷❤️❤️❤️
Parthians followed both Persian and Greek culture. Why did they adopt Greek culture? How did Greek culture influence them? Their names and clothes were Persian.
They were influenced by the Seleucids who they displaced...the Seleucids were one of Alexander's men's successor states and they spread Hellenistic culture across to India. As we get closer to the Sassanid era though the Parthians began to lean more and more towards the ancient Achaemenids.
@@YoreHistory Why did Hellenistic culture not influence the Sassanids? Why did Hellenistic culture influence the Parthians but not the Sassanids? The Sassanid realm was closer to the Seleucids than the Parthians.
@@Stateira-Persia-Iran The Seleucids had established a complex bureaucracy system that was all in Greek, Greek was the lingua franca at the time and many Greek or Hellenized cities existed in Mesopotamia and Media Rhagiana/ Magna. Babylon, Ecbatana, Europos, Seleukeia etc. were major Seleucid strongholds and operated as Hellenistic Polis. When the Parthians invaded they wanted to appease the Greeks instead of appearing as oppressors and that's why many adopted cognomens such as Philhellen (friend of the Greeks), Greeks were even used in early Parthian armies. Also the Greek language had penetrated religion too, many Greek and foreign cults (eg cult of Atargatis) used the Greek language.
Overall, the thorough job the Seleucids had done in Hellenizing the East (in an effort to make the Upper Satrapies less prone to revolt) along with the effort of the Parthians to not appear as barbarians and oppressors was the reason they adopted some Greek customs/ language
@@deskouk1773 But the Seleucids could not Hellenize the Persians. I don't think the Parthians were Hellenized. There are not many sources about the Parthians, " The first certain occurrence of the name is as Parthava in the Bīsitūn inscription (c. 520 BC) of the Achaemenian king Darius I, but Parthava may be only a dialectal variation of the name Parsa (Persian). "
" Although Greek culture of the Seleucids was widely adopted by peoples of the Near East during the Hellenistic period, the Parthian era witnessed an Iranian cultural revival in religion, the arts, and even clothing fashions.[222] Conscious of both the Hellenistic and Persian cultural roots of their kingship, the Arsacid rulers styled themselves after the Persian King of Kings and affirmed that they were also philhellenes ("friends of the Greeks").[223] The word "philhellene" was inscribed on Parthian coins until the reign of Artabanus II.[224]
The discontinuation of this phrase signified the revival of Iranian culture in Parthia.[225] Vologases I was the first Arsacid ruler to have the Parthian script and language appear on his minted coins alongside the now almost illegible Greek.[226] However, the use of Greek-alphabet legends on Parthian coins remained until the collapse of the empire.[227] "
@@deskouk1773 " On Arsaces I's coins is depicted in apparel similar to Achaemenid satraps. According to A. Shahbazi, Arsaces "deliberately diverges from Seleucid coins to emphasize his nationalistic and royal aspirations, and he calls himself Kārny/Karny (Greek: Autocrator), a title already borne by Achaemenid supreme generals, such as Cyrus the Younger."[229]
Artabanus II named one of his sons Darius and laid claim to Cyrus' heritage.[229] The Arsacid kings chose typical Zoroastrian names for themselves and some from the "heroic background" of the Avesta, according to V.G. Lukonin.[232]
most Parthians were polytheistic.[237] Greek and Iranian deities were often blended together as one. For example, Zeus was often equated with Ahura Mazda, Hades with Angra Mainyu, Aphrodite and Hera with Anahita, Apollo with Mithra, and Hermes with Shamash.[238] Aside from the main gods and goddesses, each ethnic group and city had their own designated deities.[237] "
After do some research the only Parthian ruler that should really be discuss is Mithridates ii of Parthia/Mithridates the great
Ill send you a few when im back home. Also should be sources in description but ive got more.
Shapur The Great Mithridates the first/Mithridates the great/Phratees the second/Arsaces/Artabanus/Vologases the first this were great Parthian kings ultimately the real power after Mithridate the second was the parliament (Mahestan)which included 7 great pahlavi clans.
@@aradsstates9584 Well said :)
Shapur The Great do research on more modern sources it is true that iranians just embrace the two Mithridates the greats but Arsaces the first had the Most important rule in Whole pre islamic Iran history with vologases the first/Arsaces established Iranian dynasty beside so many Helenistic dynasties behind like Seleucids,Greeko bacterian and Hellenization was dominant back then also Vologases the first is the most important person in pre islamic Iran because we could be sure Hellenization fall during his time (restoration of an culture and civilization takes time and never done by one night,the restoration of Iranian new identity and civilization started as Arsacid dynasty established but the mission accomplished in vologases time line and new Iranization which was more pure than Achaemenids and medians which were influenced by Mesopotamian civilization reborned and it continued as legacy during Sassanids time line as we could see the magnificent of this new Iranian identity).
Shapur The Great funny thing is shapur the first mother was Artabanus daughter .😁
Some historians sayed Gondophares is the Rustam in shahname but if he took independence and never be loyal to parthian king it would be hard to accept but definitely he was from the same house i mean house of suren.
Missed this but yes I have heard that as well. It is interesting. I would love to be able to visit the period of when the Shahname to see what evidence he had to base his writings upon...perhaps documents long since gone? Either way would be amazing to see it being written and of course to see Parthia at its height.
Yore History well except Sassanid time line and Parthians downfall (besides Parthians downfall there is an overview about Parthians which is mostly wrong)which both wrote in Sassanid book named (Khoday name) all other sources in shahname aren’t exactly historical but mythology and They were created orally. They were created by orally public transports or by literary authorities called the Gosans.which first Gosans from historical evidences lived during Parthian era and as we know Ferdowsi lived in khorasan the former Parthians provinces.
@@aradsstates9584 Exactly. Regardless of the source it would have been amazing to see the master at work.
Yore History
Shahname have three parts actually
1.)fiction part
2.) mythology part
3.)historical part
In historical part,the historical things which Ferdowsi wrote about Parthians is mostly Sassanids propaganda and it’s exactly report the summary of Arsacids downfall which it defines Parthians were Chaotic Iranian people which influenced by Alexander of rome policies to kept rome safe by fighting abound themselves and there wasn’t any king or king of kings in their timeline and they lasted only 200 years.
But in mythology part which created by people not by Sassanids reports the Pahlavans are the parthians and included the most part of Shahname as Heroic timeline which their greatest enemy and Rivals were Tooranids and they were also Iranian too.in Pahlavans era in shahname Iran is between Rome and Tooran but the rivalry dangerous enemy is Tooran in the east and it is Iranian.
So I think no any dynasty is similar to thos timelines in mythology Kianid dynasty (pahlavanic timeline or heroic time line)more than the parthians themselves specially when parthian in parthian language is pahlavi and the foremost parthians like General Surena be called Pahlavans.also all Generals from house of Suren of parthia called Rostam Pahlavan(hero rostam)so maybe Rostam as mythology hero included all or most of the leaders from that parthian house.
(Sorry for bad language if it’s not clear)
Yore History in my view
Parthians era include the epic part of mythology part of shahname
Achaemenid parts include none epic parts of mythology part
And finally the Medes in shahname be told completely as fiction.
As result of my researches about shahname:
1.Pishdadian era in fiction and mythology parts:Medes
Kianids era in mythology part :Achaemenids and Arsacid parthians(the epic part)in mixture
Arsacid parthians in historical part :sassanids propaganda against them and their downfall +Alexander the roman talked about which is Alexander the Macedonian and in shahname he defeated Dara(Darius the third)but there is nothing about Seleucids after but about Arsacid parthians so some people sayed (which they think completely wrong from historical evidences)that Eskandar in shahname is parthian and he isn’t Alexander and in shahname Alexanders conquest didn’t explained or accepted.
Sassanids in historical part:completely historical
To be honest the free-sprited truthful channels like yours should be considered above all for support by the viewers instead of propagandist deceitful channels like Kings and Generals, Invicta etc. I have evaluated a lot of them.
Thanks I do like some of those channels and haven't come across that personally but I do feel there is sometimes a bias out there and it is the main reason I wanted to present Iranian history this way. Thanks for watching!
Did Anthony hv a bigger army than Crassus? Why on earth 🌍 would he make a slave his queen 👸?! She must b dang hot 🥵
Why should wise men grieve to know that one day they must die.
It not forgotten we just chose not to remember because of how weak it was.
Hehe aye...although I wouldn't call it weak..sure compared to the Sassanids but they gave Rome a long run :) But yes can't wait to start the Sassanid series.
Yore History me and my father overthrew the Parthian since they follow mostly Greek culture and not continuing the legacy of Persian Achaemenid empire and not speaking Persian
@@shapurthegreat7542 hehe I will cover both you and your father soon enough...can't wait.
Yore History I can’t wait for a videos on my great grandson
@Patrick Brennan Me too!
I dont think the parthians were really Iranian as they cane from the north near Baktria
No, Parthians were Iranians, and Bactrians were Iranians too. Modern Tajik people are Bactrian Iranians and they speak Persian. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajiks Tajiks live in Tajikistan (about 85% Tajiks), Northern and Western Afghanistan (about 30%), and Uzbekistan (about 20-30%).
Iranian peoples en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_peoples Iranian peoples were Persians, Sogdians, Medes, Bactrians, Parthians, Alans, Khwarezmians, Massagetae, Sakas, Sarmatians, Scythians, etc.
Greater Iran en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Iran
They were an Iranian tribe and spoke an Iranian language as did greater Scythia. Great comment though :)
Well i. Always open to being corrected . Ill look into it:) ...great channel!
Mark Antony was nothing. Augustus/Octavian destroyed Mark Antony :)
They wanted to save the republic, but only let the crows feast on the carcass of Rome.