5 Smaller European Languages 【EDL 2023 Special】
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- Опубліковано 13 чер 2024
- To celebrate the European Day of Languages, let's take a look at 5 smaller languages from around Europe!
Links:
EDL official website: edl.ecml.at/
Manx:
learnmanx.com
omniglot.com/writing/manx.htm
en.saysomethingin.com/manx/le...
www.omniglot.com/celtiadur/ca...
www.gov.im/media/1375604/2021...
Corsican:
www.loecsen.com/en/learn-corsica
langue.corse.free.fr
corse.corsican.free.fr
Elfdalian:
www.ulumdalska.se/
• The Sound of the Elfda...
• Jen nest mig (Här hos ...
languagedeath.com/2023/06/10/...
dalsk.ordbok.gratis/pdf/bred....
Tat:
omniglot.com/writing/tat.htm
• Azerbaijan/Lahic (Tat...
• The Sound of the Tat l...
• TAT: WHAT's this LANGU...
Judaeo-Tat:
• The Juhuri language, c...
www.jewishlanguages.org/judeo...
Erzya:
rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediab... (Russian Census data)
inyazoro.info/
omniglot.com/writing/erzya.htm
erzja.info/
erzja.info/gallery/an%20intro...
Education about minority and endangered languages is very important, thank you for making this video
I'd like to add that Corsican isn't only spoken in Corsica. A dialect of Corsican, Gallurese, is spoken in Gallura, in north-eastern Sardinia, the island just south of Corsica that's part of Italy.
Rather than being influenced by French, like the Corsican Corsican dialects were, Gallurese was influenced by Sardinian and Italian.
I have some friends who are native Gallurese speakers and, in their experience, Gallurese and (Southern) Corsican are mutually intelligible. There's no education about it, so they were very surprised when they traveled to Corsica and found people speaking their native minority language.
There's another Italo-Dalmatian language spoken west of Gallura, Sassarese, but it's diverged enough from Corsican that it's usually considered a separate language. I can't attest for its mutual intelligibility with Corsican.
Very interesting, thank you for your words! For some reason YT had blocked your comment, so I hadn't seen it.
I didn't know about Gallurese. That's very interesting. I'd love to know how Corsican made it's way there, although they aren't all that far away, so it may just have been natural movement. Sassarese is also very interesting. The Romance languages are a continuum, so it may well be that Sassarese differs in its intelligibility, as you suggest, or maybe not. I'll definitely look into it! :)
In Denmark, Bornholmsk is the dialect spoken on Island of Bornholm -- and VERY different from regular Danish. Like a cross-over between Danish, Swedish, Skånsk, and who-knows'ish (the part making it unique) Not sure if Bornholmsk is so unique it deserves the label as separate language.
Sounds interesting; I'll look into it! :)
A dialect is just an unofficial language.
i love this, do a part 2 pls, and if u do maybe u could include some smaller dagestanian languages, Wymysorys and Votic
Thank you! I'm so glad you enjoyed! I'm not currently intending to do a part two of this video (although I may well do in future!). If you want something similar, my "10 Languages for 2024" video was intended as the "sequel" to this one and this was based on my "26 Languages" video series, the latest of which does actually include Wymysorys as a language. I'd certainly be interested in looking at the other languages you mentioned in a video at some point too!
I do intend to do another video for EDL this year, although it may well be a different format and topic to keep things fresh, but this could return in future!
Thank you so much for watching this one, though! :D
@@LexisLang Tankewol! Ill check it out!
(Frysk? Ik leavje dat!)
Gijn probleem! Glad to be of help and that you're enjoying my work! :)
There is no such a thing as "Mordvin language", but Mordvinic languages - Ezrya and Moksha. These peoples have separate languages and identities, and even the word "Mordvin" does not exist in these languages; nevertheless, Russia has been regarding them as a single people. So, the exact number of Erzya speakers is unclear, as if someone is listed as speaking "Mordvin", majority of them is actually speaking Moksha and minority is speaking Erzya. For both languages, the number of speakers is rapidly declining.
Quite correct. This is actually a big problem for the speakers - they're frequently lumped together or mislabelled, as in the census. This makes it rather difficult to ascertain exactly how many speakers there are. I was using about 5 different sources to figure out the speaker count here and I'm pretty sure it isn't very accurate.
Ölvdalsk is a wonderful language which preserves many archaic traits, even older than in icelandic, duing isolation, the area is a treasure too with lot of ancient traditions as the Kyrkbåtar or "church boats" made with millenial techniques which resembles iron age vessels, the use of runes until XX century, and many more, the brave people of this region are also well remembered by their fight for the swedish independence and the national dress comes from here, (yes those yellow pants)
Very interesting! I didn't know about all that! I knew there was a fairly distinctive culture, but not the details. Thanks for sharing! :D
Nice vid ! A fun and accidental common point between Manx and Corsican : they both have consonant mutation between words. Albeit working on a different level, I always thought it's funny to see language evolve the same quirks independently ! Continue the good work !
Thank you! That's interesting about Corsican, I didn't know. Do you have anything I can read on it? I can't find much. It is fascinating to see the similarities - that's part of the thrill of comparative and typological linguistics.
@@LexisLang I can find you some resources I used for my vid on france's language, but it's gonna be in french hehe
Thanks to UA-cam's algorithms I discovered this wonderful video. MANGE TUSIND TAK !
I knew of Manx, Corsican, and Elvdalsk (sorry, my Danish taking over)
Lexis, please continue!
So happy you enjoyed - I'm glad I could provide it for you. I'll absolutely continue, although I admit that this is the best video I've made in a long time. I'll strive to make them all this good, but that'll be hard and take time. Thank you so much for your support; I hope to see you next time! :D
@@LexisLang, you definitely won a new subscriber
Excellent video! 👏👏
I missed the Frisian language.
I'm so glad to hear you enjoyed! :)
This video only looked at 5 langs, so I had to choose them quite carefully. Frisian is very interesting and I've already covered it in one of my 26 languages videos (Linky link: ua-cam.com/video/dHzmfoqBCaY/v-deo.html). Perhaps I could look at it in more depth at some point - that's actually a great thought. :D
Not me waiting for him to mention Xalimego (in Spain)
Less than 10,000 speakers
It's certainly an interesting language which needs more attention. Perhaps it'll crop up in a future video! ;)
Well, heard of the first two. I guess Basque is too common and well-known. Glad Manx is making a minor comeback.
Yeah, I was mainly focusing on the really small/unknown ones here. I guess I could have done Basque, but I obviously only had 5 and I wanted a good range from across the continent.
It is nice to hear about Manx. I hope you learned something about the two langs you recognised and the three you didn't know about! :)
I don't understand why they're trying to make only Elfdalian an official language; it's not that different from the other dialects in Ovansiljan.
Elfdalian:
”Men uą, ukin wask!” saggd Mumun, fuost gaundjin ą̊ såg Masse. Eð war ienn morgun, straks etter juolę. Eð war liuotkollt og eð add snieð um ną̊tę. Mumun war ą̊ weg aut etter wiðim, og eð war dą̊ ą̊ fikk sją̊ ienn liuotmagran katt, so såt upą̊ baurstinnum. Eð war ann ą̊ kolld för ”wastjin”. Masse kuogäð ą̊ kelindję so kam og djikk yvyr gardn. Ann tainkt: ”Ir ą̊ farlin, truo? Eð ir naug best pass sig!” Mumun stelld frą̊ sig wiðåkordjin og byrd ą̊ glåmå min Masse: - ”Al du it kumå jųot so ig ną̊r að klå dig? Uą, ur kollt eð ir! Friuos du it? Eld du unggrun, kannstji?”
Våmhusmål:
"Men oj, oj, oj, ukin ienn wisäl!" sadd Mormor fuost gaundjin ą̊ så Misse. Eð wa ienn morgun tras ette jölį. Eð wa rässklit kollt og eð add snitt unde nåtį. Mormor wa ą̊ weg aut ette wiðn, dą̊ ą̊ fikk sjǫ̈ iena magra kattu, so såt upą̊ erberstinnę. Eð wa änä ą̊ kolld fe "wisäl". Kattą så ą̊ kelindjį so kam og djikk yvy gardn. Ą̊ taintjed: "Ir ą̊ fallin, truo? Eð ir naug best te pass sig!" Mormor stelld frą̊ sig wiðåkordjin og byrd ą̊ tålå wið Missä: - "Ska du int kumå jöt so ig fą̊ klå dig? Uff, ur kollt eð ir! Frjös du int? Ir du unggrun, kannstsi?"
Orsamål:
”Men öj, öj, öj, ukön eländin stakkar!” sad Momo föst göndjön o såg Måssä. Ed war jenn mörgon trast ettör joli. Ed war räskli köllt ö ed add snitt um noti. Momo war o weg ait ettör widem, ö ed war do o fikk sjå jenå ferskretjeli mågra kattu, sö såt upo ärbresbrun. Ed war onå o kölltä fär ”stakkarn”. Katta såg o kelindji sö kåm ö djikk evör gardn. Ånn tenktä: ”Ir o fallin, tro? Ed ir nug best te pass si!” Momo stelld fro si widåkördjön ö bird o tålå mi Måssä: - ”Ska du int kumå jot sö i fo kläi di? Uff, ur költ ed ir! Fros du int? Ir du unggrön, kånnstji?
Moramål:
Men åj, uken wask!” sagd Mårmår föst gåndjen o såg Missan. Ä wa jenn mårgun trast ettär jole. Ä wa ljotkållt, å ä add snjogo upå nåte. Mårmår wa å weg åit ettär wirn, å ä wa då o fikk sjå jenn mågran katt, så såt upå erbresbrune. Ä wa ann o kålled fe ”wastjen”. Missan titted å dora kelindje, så kåm keklendes yvur gardn. Ann tenkt: ”E o falen, tro? Ä e full best pass se.” Mårmår stelled frå se wiråkårdjen å byrd å tålå min Missan: ”Ska int du kumå jon så I når a te klå de? Uj, ur kållt ä e! Frjos du int? E du unggrun, kannstji?”
Oremål:
”Men åj, åj, åj, uken eländug stakkärä!” sa Mormor först gônjen o såg Katto. Ä wa jänn môrgun strast ättär jul. Ä wa wale kôllt ô ä add snjoga på nåte. Mormor wa på wäg ôit ättär wid ô ä wa då o fikk si jäna haskle magra katto, summ såt på härbrästrappo. Ä wa ännär o kôlled fô ”stakkärn”. Katta titted på kälinje summ kamm ô gikk ywär gåln. O tenkt: ”E o farlen, tro? Ä e nôg bäst ô pass se!” Mormor ställd ifrå se widokôrjen ô byrd ô prata mä Katto: - ”Ska int du kumo jot sô i kann kläi de? Twi, wa kôllt ä e! Fros int du? E du kannstje hungrug?”
Sollerömål:
”Men ååj, ukän varäls!” säjd Mormor fösst gåndjän o såg Missan. Ä va jänn mårrgån alldeläs ättär joln. Ä va ljotkållt, å ä add snjoga um nåti. Mormor va uppå veg åit fö tä ta inn vid, å ä va då o fikk sjå je magär katta, så såt upå ärrbäsbrun. Ä va on o kållät fe ”varäls”. Missan glonät å doda kelindji så kam krällnd åitär gardim. Ann tänkt: ”Må'sej um o e falin? Ä e full bäst tä pass si.” Mormor ställät frå si vidåkårrdjän å byrd å prat vi Missan: ”Sa int du kumå jån a mi ä, så i når te kläi di? Uj, ur kållt ä e! Frjos int du? E du unggrån o, kannstji?”
Venjanmål:
"Mormor wa på weg åjt ättär widn, å ä wa då å fikk sjå jänn åwele skrän kattkall, så såt uppå härbärstrappun."
The North Germanic languages form a dialect continuum, where many varieties are similar to each other, but these differences build up over time. Elfdalian is distinct enough from Swedish to be a separate language and Swedes can understand very little without learning it. It also has many archaic features not shared by other varieties.
I'm sure some other dialects could be considered separate languages, but you're drawing lines in sand - there's no definitive endpoint. Elfdalian is both distinctive and has cultural heritage, which makes it in particular a candidate for languagehood.
This is how I best understand it.
@@LexisLang It seems like you didn't read what I said after the first sentence. Våmhusmål, Orsamål and northern Moramål are almost the same as Elfdalian. All of the dialects in Ovansiljan are very similar to Elfdalian, and they all have a high degree of mutual intelligibility. It makes no sense to give only Elfdalian language status. Look at the texts in my comment.
I read your comment. If you read my comment, I addressed it, by mentioning how you have to draw a line somewhere. I am not an expert on Swedish dialects, so perhaps you should put your questions to someone who is. What I meant was that Elfdalian fulfills the requirements for a language. It may well be that some of those other varieties do too. Perhaps they're all dialects of one macro-language. I believe the term "Dalecarlian" might be used to denote this grouping? As I mentioned in my first reply, elfdalian has cultural heritage, which is important for languagehood. If you want to know all the reasoning behind the proposals, you could follow the links I provided in the video.
At the end of the day, this is messy. Lines in the sand, as I said. If Elfdalian did get recognised, it's quite likely other dialects may be readjusted to the new language boundaries, but since they are so similar to one another, it also doesn't make much sense to recognise them all as distinct languages.
Oh, and to restate for the record, I did read your comment and have now spent about 30 minutes total researching and writing these two replies. I'm sorry if I didn't state my point clearly enough or if you misunderstood, but please don't just assume I can't be bothered to read what you say. There's no point being so self-righteous about it. I'm just trying to engage with you and help answer your queries. I hope this response cleared up my points a little. :)
@@LexisLangall dialects have a deep cultural background. Many don't even derive from the same branch as swedish. Just be aware that the official political picture is not reality. The reality is much messier but also richer. Every single thing you have listed that makes elfdalian a language can be applied to VERY MANY traditional tongues in sweden. Elfdalian is actually not unique in any of those regards.
@@LexisLang You are correct, the grouping is called Dalecarlian. Elfdalian is part of the Ovansiljan Dalecarlian dialect group. I've heard the reasons people want to get Elfdalian recognised as a language and I don't disagree with them, I just disagree with trying to get only Elfdalian recognised, since the other dialects are very, very similar to it, as you can see in the texts. There are very few things Elfdalian has that don't exist in other Ovansiljan dialects. The Våmhus dialect is almost the same as certain varieties of Elfdalian. All of the Ovansiljan dialects are mutually intelligible. The dialects in Dalarna form a dialect continuum. I'm not an expert on Dalecarlian, but I've spent a lot of time learning about it.
THIS IS A COMPLETE NONSENSE.
What do you find nonsense about it?