Justice: What's The Right Thing To Do? Episode 01 "THE MORAL SIDE OF MURDER"
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- Опубліковано 3 вер 2009
- To register for the 2015 course, visit www.edx.org/course/justice-ha....
PART ONE: THE MORAL SIDE OF MURDER
If you had to choose between (1) killing one person to save the lives of five others and (2) doing nothing even though you knew that five people would die right before your eyes if you did nothing-what would you do? What would be the right thing to do? Thats the hypothetical scenario Professor Michael Sandel uses to launch his course on moral reasoning. After the majority of students votes for killing the one person in order to save the lives of five others, Sandel presents three similar moral conundrums-each one artfully designed to make the decision more difficult. As students stand up to defend their conflicting choices, it becomes clear that the assumptions behind our moral reasoning are often contradictory, and the question of what is right and what is wrong is not always black and white.
PART TWO: THE CASE FOR CANNIBALISM
Sandel introduces the principles of utilitarian philosopher, Jeremy Bentham, with a famous nineteenth century legal case involving a shipwrecked crew of four. After nineteen days lost at sea, the captain decides to kill the weakest amongst them, the young cabin boy, so that the rest can feed on his blood and body to survive. The case sets up a classroom debate about the moral validity of utilitarianism-and its doctrine that the right thing to do is whatever produces "the greatest good for the greatest number."
I would never skip classes if my professor would be engaging like this.
May I know which country your From.
Also cause you'd be paying 300k every year 😂
@@eff1840 the art of speaking to an audience is creating engagement, bruh.
you pay a lot of $ for good professors and teachers
being a better student makes your professor want to be more engaging and passionate
If my professor is like this "I like your bravery" "okay you are good" etc etc. I will participate in class actively, I swear.
true, its so encouraging and kinda makes me comfortable to share whatever thoughts i have
Why would you swear to him?
im sorry but i just have to blurt this first if youre mingyu then im minghao nice to meet you and to reply to this comment, same mingyu my guy, same
@F. A. This video is from 2009. TikTok wasn't even there at the time. None of the kids here are Gen Z. You made a baseless assumption to prove your own bias which was clearly wrong.
Believe in Lord Jesus Christ/ Lord Yahshua and Repent from y’all sins/ evil deeds- your buddha ghandi gods and goddesses are all evil and fake
I am so glad, and thankful, that these talks, lectures have been recorded and put up, for free, for people to watch.
Thank you. Really.
And thank you, StudyIQ, for recommending this professor's lectures.
What you are doing akansha
pov: me avoiding my uni work by watching a lecture unrelated to my course
thats me rn
He’s the type of professor I would raise my hand to answer, there is no wrong answer with him he takes it to consideration. He is so engaging as well
Believe in Lord Jesus Christ/ Lord Yahshua and Repent from y’all sins/ evil deeds
You can do that in philosophy, but not math and science where there ARE wrong answers
Jurisprudence no wrong answer
my professor's name was mr. sucadic. he was a good man, but he was replaced by mr. sucabicdic. now, you can raise my hand, girl.
Sorry , but now money makes those decisions everyday
I just had a Harvard Lecture, from my local village, Kithatu in Kenya.
can't wait to go there
@@larryolive4829 Me too!
That is awesome!!❤️
Congratulations. Knowledge is a power for sure
@@ohnsonposhka9891 009
Who is watching in 2024
😂❤
me 😅......
Me
Me fr
Me
A true teacher leads his class by engaging the mind, motivating pupils into participation, and being respectful of their participation. This is good stuff.
youtube: lets recommend this to everyone after 11 years
White washing Harvard's filthy and corrupt reputation
I didn't know this video about 11 years hihi. At the moment, i m listening for my Eng listening drills, and i come across this video 😅
JUstice system coming full on to "replace" Christ-heart. FAT CHANCE
@@SamuraiKage-iv3ow with a how-to on justifying murder? hm
They may learn something in their quarantine
I love how he doesn't make students feel right or wrong and encourages people of different perspective to speak.
Well this is philosophy. There is no objective "right or wrong", that is the entire basis of philosophical arguments. You can argue in one way or another, but beyond some axiomatic truths that have to be agreed upon in order to have a discussion, there isn't anything that is absolutely true in one way or another. Murder is a very good topic of discussion in philosophical circles because there are so many caveats that people will add onto an argument to justify murder. Telling students that they are right or wrong would defeat the entire purpose of having a philosophical discussion, which is moreso about justifying your position within the principles that you hold and supporting that consistently or discovering why there exists inconsistencies in your perspective.
@@kyle8971 I agree. I suppose the point OP was making was that far too many fail to adhere to such common argumentative etiquette in this time of perceived strife and conflict
@@overtimeseed Quite true. In the public and political sphere it is less about being correct, consistent or morally objective and moreso what creates certain feelings or makes for a nice 10 second clip in the moment.
People are so married to their positions (positions they have probably not thought through beyond the cursory idea that created it) that they refuse to engage in any sort of discourse with someone who doesn't hold their same beliefs. It is sad to see that conversations have broken down to basically "You disagree with me, therefore you are bad."
@@kyle8971 Indeed, it is quite disheartening to see discourse marred to the extent that it has been. Contributing to the endeavor toward formulating as best possible a consistent, objectively moral conclusion, course of action or idea has always been at the heart of discussion itself. Yet political and public discourse more often than not seeks mostly to spur and rouse, with techniques promoting shut-down of the opposite party rather than anything productive for dominance or agenda. The effects of the lack of motivation to reconcile disparate, conflicting ideas and opinions in favour of saying "You are wrong" or simple ego greatly undermines the growth of ideas and information
If I may, I personally find instances of insisting upon a particular idea's status as an axiomatic truth not previously agreed upon most counterproductive, leading to the aforementioned refusal to engage in the discourse itself. Hence, we are met with such terms and rhetorics as "Culture Wars" and "Facts don't care about your feelings." which, in themselves hold debatable moral connotations. Respective derogatory terms and vitriol also crop up, arising from human nature which I believe we must overcome to further progress toward objective morality.
Bacon's Idols, especially of The Marketplace also unfortunately come into play, creating misinterpretation and misunderstanding atop a general lack of good faith. I digress, with these factors undermining discourse and communication itself, for me I find it a struggle to persist on matters that are important to me, and by extension the people who care for me and vice versa. However un-noble or so-called righteous that may seem.
@@overtimeseed Yeah, the world seems to disagree upon what is the truth and with so many bad faith actors out there shilling so many false narratives; far too many people refuse to look into what they are told or cannot be bothered to read something beyond the headline. The internet gave us the most incredible tool for communication and dissemination of information but it has resulted in a population with an attention span shorter than a dogs and an equally ravenous need for instant gratification.
Hopefully we will see a change in discourse over the next decade because the direction that we are heading down isn't one where discourse of appropriate topics can be had, let alone tougher more nuanced ones. However, that would require people to understand the difference between holding an idea, question that idea, being against that idea and who one is. Too often these are all seen as one and the same, so questioning one's ideas is tantamount to attacking the person themself.
Here's to hoping that intelligence and rationality win out, and that the memes stay just that.
I wish I had made a harder attempt and strive to pursue some type of education in this school/university. It just at the time seemed to out of reach and complicated. Now watching this I can't help but feel I could have been sitting in one of those seats learning and engaging my mind. I wish anyone who attempts their courses and is trying to graduate the best of luck and please use this opportunity to better things for us all in the world.
I'm a Japanese middle schooler who has just finished watching this very first video of the whole course, but I can't help saying these things on my mind...
I found lots of things in this lecture impressive and amazing (sorry, words can't explain this well enough).
First, Professor Michael Sandel takes all ideas from his students seriously. I definitely wanna take his course at least once in my life. Thanks to him, I became much more interested in philosophy and ethics. I came to enjoy thinking. I can feel that he values and adores philosophy.
Second, students are very active and participating, eager to learn and gain knowledge, and also witty. In Japan, it is said that 50 percent of high schoolers enroll in university, but in most cases, they don't actually want to study. They just want friends, someone to love, and things like that. I mean, it's so horrible that most of those students go to university just because everyone else does. Of course, I have never attended a class in a Japanese university, but in both my elementary and middle school, I noticed that everyone remained quiet and hardly spoke. I always feel uncomfortable in a situation like that. But in Harvard, they have their own thoughts and are open to sharing them with others.
I profoundly want to study in this kind of environment.
I can’t thank everyone involved in this program enough for making such a splendid video and providing it for free to all of us. I'm going to keep watching this series of lectures!
I wish you the best on your journey through this series! I'm revisiting this series myself after watching it as a middle school student a long time ago.
Being Vietnamese, I find my school experiences are often very traditional and stiff as well, and students don't get to argue and discover truths themselves.
hi! you express an immense desire for knowledge at a young age and I am really happy to see that! however, I would like to argue with something that you said: your argument that most students only go to university because everyone else does.
Let's assume that there are two situations, situation A being that what you said is true, and situation B being that what you said is false.
Situation A: most people go to university because everyone else does
-how is this negative? society at this point requires you to have a degree to have a well paying job. more emphasis is placed on your degree than who you are and what you know.
-like you highlighted, some people go to university to make friends, find a lover and so on. is that not a valid reason to go to university? according to what you said, your priority in life is gaining knowledge. these other people have other priorities and they aren't any less valuable than yours. different people lead different lives, just because you don't see meaning in it doesn't mean that there isn't any meaning to it. you, an onlooker have not put in as much thought as the people that you are judging have, into their own lives. going to university requires a lot of time, effort and money and these are valuable resources.
Situation B: people go to university for varied reasons, benefiting them in different ways
-personally, I think that this is what the situation actually is. assuming what people think is never good, people have desires and goals that they never mention. there's no way of knowing why people do what they do unless you ask them, and we obviously can't ask every university student this question
-a better way to go about this would be to focus on why you're going to university and to actualise your goals. and also, think about other people's priorities and explore, explore what they do and you'll gain an insight into different ways of life. this would open your eyes and make you realise that there's no 'one right way' to live, there's multiple.
please don't be discouraged by my comment! I am making this comment with the insight I've gained over the past 18 years of my life. when I was as young as you, I thought similarly and rigidly, too. however, I realised that my way of thinking made me feel separate from other people and I didn't engage in new situations and experiences because I thought myself to be above it. this is isolating and limits growth. so I hope you're able to grasp this and apply this in your own life!
@@sau1946 what a mature conclusion of yours, became kind of an eye-opener for me
@@sau1946 👍
From 1996-98, I was fortunate enough to teach in Japan, so I had an opportunity to observe and learn about the local culture. One thing I noticed was that many students said that it would be quite unusual in Japanese education to be asked to share an opinion or to imagine a situation and to react to it. It just wasn't done, at least at that time. It was shocking. So it was quite challenging for teachers and awkward for students to interact in lessons wherein we teachers would ask students to practice English through role playing. It took students a while to understand the concept, and to get comfortable. We would encourage, allow others to assist them at the right moment, and provide them with feedback in a limited and friendly way. They had just been taught so differently, so I understand how Professor Sandel's class would appeal to you.
The privilege of having an internet to see and accessing lectures such as these, even though your learning halfway across the globe is such a great honor to be born in this time. From Philippines with love 😘
Change your named!
My best wishes to Filipinos from India
something to be grateful for!
So true and I’m from Tanzania africa, I have been watching this lecture video for years, and it’s never cease to be fascinating.
Pro vax propagandists and new atheists should stay away from the internet.
I just came here to quickly see what a Harvard lecture looked like, but I ended up watching the entire thing. Awesome video.
lorderik237 is this a regular class? I mean not a special seminar but a regular fucking class. geez it's huge
Recommend to watch till the end!!!
Same here 😊
exactly :D
Ill take the free philosophy course haha
Besides the way he draws the students in, encourages participation, and steers the discussions, I am utterly impressed by how present he is in the room. He remembers your name.
Same in my mind 😂
I saw Dr Sanders on Charlie Rose immediately after the lectures. I think philosophy should be taught in all schools around the world and just maybe the world would be a better place.
i just developed a new hobby of watching this series. i love how the Prof discusses each case/theory and always stimulates questions one after another.
I've achieved enlightenment watching this 12 years later.
You live on youtube
I literally see you everywhere
does commenting on every single UA-cam video increase your utility?
Bro you are absolute legend.. You watch Anime and Harvard videos.
@@ayushabraham7782 You also do, why can't he? 🤣🤣✌️✌️
I didn't even yawn. This class is so fun and educative. Feels like i'm a harvard student for an hour.
Hi pretty how are you doing today? You look charming
@@richardbittencourt8515 ask your daughter.
@@richardbittencourt8515 shut up you look like a discord mod. That little girl (i'm assuming you're her father) should be ashamed you're going on youtube comment sections doing this it's pathetic.
You watch the whole thing? Or you just watch the fun part
The only time a yawn is good is when you want it to end so you don’t miss out on anything
i dream to be in a class like this, what a well spoken and very involving professor this man is
My professior from Central University of Andhra Pradesh has recommended this series for this topic....i am very grateful to him😊
yeah, it's just great! kudos to your professor
@@user-wk6ek3iz3k yeah! Thank you.
You know you’re about to have your mind blown when they start the lecture with the Trolley Problem
prisoner's dilemma would like to have a word with you
Absolutley
After this video came out this problem has been blown out of proportion. It is literally the only ethical problem people know, it seems
JCavs probably cuz it’s the best entry level dilemma that reaches a wide audience
I would love school if our classes would be this interesting...
Fr
Don't be mesmerized by the teachers look and sophistication. Education has gone down the drain sister.
@@fredmiami8164 this video was 10 years ago. You could say education quality or teaching quality has taken a turn for the worse since after this video, but the way the lesson was delivered as demonstrated here was undoubtedly intriguing
If this were held today, this guy would already be fired.
@@Halesburg To this day, this class is one of Harvard's most popular OF ALL TIME. There's an entire website dedicated to distributing the content within these lectures, for free. Harvard obviously won't be firing Sandel any time soon.
If even 1% of the world's population listens to this lecture series, the world would become a better place to live in, fostering peace and harmony, and reducing hatred based on caste, class, and race
Michael Sandel is amazing the way he brings out his points so lucidly and evoking that debate-led learning. It was a privilege to watch!
About 7 years ago when I lived down the street from Harvard, Professor Sandel was still teaching this course and the public could sit in on all the lectures -- just walk into Sanders Theater and take a seat. It was especially fascinating because you got to hear so many different questions from the students, and thus learned so much even after watching all the lectures here on UA-cam. At the end of class you could get in line to meet him - he always took the time to chat with anyone who wanted to meet him.
wow! He sounds like a very good and passionate teacher
Wow that's so cool
So cool!
Soak all ✓
Incredible
I took philosophy although not in Harvard. In over half a century living on this planet I have never found an experience that was more painful and rewarding than beginning to learn how to think more thoroughly. The world would be vastly different if we all had exposure to philosophical thinking.
I agree! You just view life more holistically from various angles than just one angle
Rationalization, being able to explain a thought, and verify it is indeed what you want, or even if it is what you thought it was. Is the most important mental development in a persons life.
@@seraph...4473 Actually it isn't. The most important mental development in a person's life is what you learn from your parents, role models, or anybody as a young child. Many studies are made that indicate that a child's first few years of living are the most important time of development because their brain is still developing. During that period, that's when the brain grows really fast - faster than any other time in one's life. In other words, for them to gain more knowledge, they need to build a strong foundation (mind) before learning something advanced (i.e important philosophies such as rationalization).
@@russellwestbrook5632 As a child, I was raised a catholic. In my mid teens I rationalized that Catholicism (and all other religions) are fairytale fantasies peddled by the indoctrinated . So, forming one's own mind beyond what they have been thought, is not only possible, it inherent and necessary to progress society . Although I do agree that the opposite is true, as per my referring to Catholicism, some people will never learn
@@russellwestbrook5632 so essentially, just learn about what works for you, and leave out the rest?
Loved the way of teaching in this lectures which is by rising questions and letting everyone have a thought about it. Great, as expected, harvard❤
Who's here from 2023? 13y and the content is still super relevant. Says a lot about our world atm too.
This is the class we all really needed.
No
@@bluebggaming3447 You need roblox class bro
Why don’t you take your purchased UA-cam account and make some more shitty UA-cam shorts for your 70 viewers?
Agreed
what is a fortnite ytber doing here
"Once the familiar turns strange, it's never quite the same again." ..."Self-knowledge is like lost innocence. However unsettling. It can never be unthought or unknown"
My thoughts exactly after watching two girls one cup.
Found /this /SLO /VERY/ INTERESTING!!!
This reminds me of the idea that ignorance is bliss. If you’re ignorant about the world, you’re worrying about or considering less things you know. But if you know more, then you are worrying or considering about more knowledge. The more you know, the more there is unsettling knowledge to know about the world.
It’s like you believe on something because that’s what your parents and people around taught you when you were young and then you’ve read all those philosophical and other books, gradually you come to realize that it was not exactly what they educate you. Now, you are in process of “once the familiar turns strange”.
@@Lightbulb909 I agree . Sometimes, it's better to be ignorant than informed.
The Internet is one of the greatest inventions of the human race. I can't believe this material is accessible on the internet, for free. THANK YOU!
"That's a great idea, except for the fact that you just wrecked the philosophical point."
This was more entertaining than it had any right to be. I think I've watched this at least 4 times now. That proffessor is brilliant.
Man, when I think about it, being able to watch and learn from Havard University when I live like on the other side of the world is sick, millions of people in the past must have dreamed yet wouldn't be able to do it
@Debra Charles what's wrong with admitting that other people are smart?
hmmm yep
You can do it precisely thanks to the market, and the freedom and the private property granted -as principle- to the developers. All innovations arise from such values. Exactly those which this "professor" battles with his communist views....
にゃあエイリアンMeowAlien great comment, thought much of muchness myself!!
にゃあエイリアンMeowAlien it’s not that great tho lol
I took this course when i was a Harvard College student in 1983-87. The best course i ever took. We studied, understood & critiqued a philosopher each week. A real shame he left Harvard and went to Columbia. Aristotle, Hobbes, Kant, Bentham, Locke... we studied them all.
How can I join it?? How much it costs?
@@Vishal-lo5px Well, if this is an undergraduate class, cost should not be any of worries. What you should worry about is getting admitted to Harvard. Harvard is very selective with an acceptance rate below 4%. But, if it's a master's class, then you probably need to worry about both: the cost and the admission. The tuition cost alone could be anywhere around $40,000/year (that's a minimum).
There are many dimensions to these questions to be answered and it would take pages to respond. The first dimension is the intrinsic value of life, the second is the control over the intrinsic value of life, the third is the immediate Purpose of the act, the fourth is the meaning and quality of life itself, the fifth is intentions and diversions from intentions.
Although the examples are amazing to brainstorm and build discourse, the warnings alone are not sufficient. There needs to be clear understanding of the subject matter and guidelines. Because unanswered questions can find path in any directions.
@@mohammadhussainsherzad3619
Yes. There are many unanswered questions about this subject. I found help in the theory of the foundations of ethic
By Immanuel Kant
Ali berrada. Marrakech, Morocco
@@user-zx1cm1ks5x I think he means University of British Columbia (UCB). Can't confirm though.
Successful people don't become that way overnight, what most people see at a glance wealth, a great career, purpose-is the result of hard work and hustle over time I pray that anyone who reads this will be successful in life.
That's why we need to plan ourselves making extras in all we do because depending on paycheck that can give us our comfort and peace till we die is not guaranteed
This is actually what most families are going through, tax and rents takes almost what they got monthly, leaving them with no savings...
I'm a nurse and I saw all this coming, so I've planned myself so I engaged in forex trading, little I know about the business though but so far so good, Forex trading has been my very means of savings lately while my salary goes for bills and utilities
Despite the huge drop in crypto and fx, I still make good withdrawals. I don't believe that profit making is not possible despite the drop in stocks when you got good mentorship
I'm new to cryptocurrency trading and I've been making huge losses but recently see a lot of people earning from it. Please can someone tell me what to do?🙏
I am a business master's student in California, and I am very thankful that this video is available for everyone who wants to learn how to approach legal cases using different justice mindsets and ethics principles (the right things to do).
I firmly believe the most valuable aspect of the video is the diversity of opinions and analyses from different students' backgrounds that make this discussion unique.
This video is a really good resource for the academic community, thank you Professor Michael Sandel and Harvard University!
This is why Hardvard students excells in all disciplines. They teach students thinking.
@Luis Note you are right.. thinking capacity
Well it also has something to do with the fact that students that are admitted to Harvard in the first place are in the top 1-2% of intelligent people in the population
@@DaDankStrafe You don't have to be a genius to get into Harvard. While getting into Harvard is impressive, it does not mean you super smart. Harvard accepts you based on how well you test and how well you finish in your classes. If you are smart but don't test well you won't get into Harvard.
Take this for example:
X watches the news a lot and reads. He knows a lot of stuff about politics, sports etc and reads hard books. He struggles in school and isn't in hard classes. Despite X being well informed and reading he isn't good in school so therefore it would be nearly impossible for him to get into Harvard. Does X's grades cross him out from the "smart category" even though he reads and is well informed.
@@accessdenied9401 I understand what you’re saying and it has some merit, but the reality is there is a very strong correlation between standardized test score, general intelligence, and success in school. It doesn’t mean there are not outliers, but this fact is not up for debate anymore. This has been proven by the predictive validity of test scores and certain life outcomes such as income earned, etc.
@@DaDankStrafe I agree with that too. Also there are quite a bit of people there because that have super wealthy or powerful parents. Harvard loves kids of famous and wealthy people. If you look at some of the people who go there you'll see people like the Chinese presidents daughter and Obama's kids. Not to mention if you give the school million of dollars they'll let your kid in regardless of their grades. If somebody's parents gave the school 30 million dollars, I know for a fact that they would get in.
This man is an example of a real teacher for life. He is so passionate and takes his job seriously, you can tell he means what he says and cares to make his message clear. I've learned so much just from this one hour.
Yes so lucky to watch this ❤️
Rv
@Shoham but this dope is living in a world of fantasy!! Like most college academics today
bruh he isn't teaching maths or chemistry, it's like he's chatting while on the job and getting paid huge sums cuz it's harvard, who the fuck wouldn't be passionate doing that, I bet literally any person given some time in philosophy and tons of free time to be humorous can do this job as well and be "passionate"
This professor truly is a teacher. He does not espouse his opinion, but realizes and shows the reality of the thought processes of individuals in his class. My goal when I discuss politics with others is never to change their mind, as I never enter a discussion with that intent. My purpose for discussion with people is to listen to them. To learn why they feel and think the way they d, and what I may learn from them that I may look at something in a different way. This Professor is truly deserving of teaching and these young women and men are very fortunate to have him as an instructor.
I'd be far more concerned if my teacher didn't have an opinion...
What an engaging professor! I like the way he started the lecture with a story and discussed with the students. He then called by their name
I really love a professor who appreciates every answer whether it's a good or a bad answer.
Philosophy for you
no such thing as a ‘good’ or ‘bad’ answer in discussing such abstract philosophy
the word 'good' or 'bad' is questionable. I rather use the word 'logic'.
@@robyn109 There are correct ways to reason and incorrect ways to reason. But, sure, since most of the assumptions that people start from cannot be proven in moral philosophy, there are no provable correct or incorrect moral judgements.
Agreed!
I love the fact that the professor acknowledged the student's alternative answer was great, accepting the fact that the example is flawed, but still getting back to the main idea nevertheless. That's superb teaching right there.
Did you love it when he made a comment to the student that caused all the other students to erupt in laughter?
Anama that’s what I was thinking!! And the fact that he doesn’t dismiss any of their opinions- this is also the brilliance of the American education system that encourages thinking, stating your opinions. I know because I was lucky to grow up in it, have even experienced so in public schools
Because he teaches philosophy, and that’s what is depend on!; that every answer can be the right answer, and every answer worth thinking of.
@@user-fe6ei2bu2o exactly. Everyone here is acting like college still doesn’t suck. Philosophy is a whole different way or thinking. You never really “learn” much.
@@JohnPedder didnt love it, but ideas that are out in the open are subject to critique.
Watched this years ago and still circling back to it.. I’ve Had all my kids watch and talk about it as well.. Great seminar..
People: ''Where are you studying?.''
Me: ''Local college here and in leisure time, *Harvard* .''
Harvard has similar curriculum to university of Arizona, just different endowments and connections in multi billion dollar monopolies.
@@cardcode8345 But they do have better professors and resources tho
@@78anurag Being better than the worst, doesn't make you good.
Because if these professors were actually good at what they are teaching,
they would be Millionaires and not employees working for a cheap ass paycheck every end of the month.
@@tmt3969 Dude these professors don't teach for money they teach because they have a passion
@@tmt3969 making money isn't the ultimate goal for most people ya'know?? Not everyone is empty inside like you. They're academics who make better humans and make the world a better place to live in. Imagine if all the academics, inventors and explorers just quit what they were doing because oh well making money is easier 🤡 Humanity would still be in the gutters.
Finally, the right youtube recommendation during quarantine
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Great
@nabila
Hai
QUARANTINE ONLY FOR THOSE WHO OBEYS TO THEIR MASTERS) DON'T BE LIKE THEM NABILA
I wish when we're learning this in my ethics class, youtube algorithm recommended this. This is such an informative and fun way to understand the topics.
Lucky are these students who have the privilege to study at Harvard and similar schools of equal competence. This professor is one of the best there is in Philosophy teaching today.
"Self-knowledge is like the lost innocence, however unsettling it will never be unthought."
No, it will never be unthought, but in many circumstances it will be rationalised away. In fact there is probably a correlation between the degree of "unsettledness" and the potential for rationalisation.
@@nevertethered6386 unsettledness becomes non existent in loneliness which is trivially true in the case when we go extinct, no one will be able to even rationalize the morality of the universe and it's laws. Justice won't even be able to be questioned and the root would have been (assuming everyone is unsettled at their final minutes) the unsettledness of the system that tried to rationalize it in the first place
@@nevertethered6386 why do you say no to the statement but say the exact same thing
@@darkmiku2483 What I said is far from the same thing. And neither did I say no to the statement. I added something to make it more accurate and less clichéd. Rationalisation is what the pre frontal cortex does as a defense mechanism when faced with uncomfortable truths, especially about ourselves. It serves a similar evolutionary function to optimism bias.
@@nevertethered6386 it is the same thing , you are explaining the quote . Being unsettled in the first place is a Rationalisation . The feeling / thought that you are even unsettled is only to protect and warn yourself.
Yeah, this is how a regular Harvard lecture sounds like and Imagine having these kinds of lectures during your academic life every session! That's a big deal!
are you a harvard student?wow
Writing a "huge big deal" is a tautology. I hope that if you are studying at University ( which I highly doubt ) that you can avoid such basic eye-wateringly poor English
@@david-th225 thank you for your alteration. I appreciate it.
First)English is not my native language. I'm just a middle eastern trying to learn multiple languages.
Second) I'm only 15 and I do not go to university.
@@david-th225 is language only skill that decides the level of knowledge a person has ?
@@david-th225 wow. You may be intelligent enough (which does not seem like it, based on your action) to say such things but that kind of comment about someone’s value is very arrogant of yours.
I remember this episode on PBS from years back. I like how the professor does not judge the answer(s) but just lays them all out on the table for open-minded discussion. As a teen, I would watch this and Philip Zimbardo in "Discovering Psychology".
I really love that lady’s opinion about their mentality. It made me rethink how harsh I was with the three survivors.
I just love the way he was teaching and appretiate the students point of view. I wish our country have the same level of education system
The u.s. doesn't really care much about education. We just want to get them through school and working as soon as possible so that they can start paying taxes.
I wish we had that here too!
Yeah it's a shame. Even in the US, people who's so called democratic, ironically, shuts people down under the label hate speech (like how the actual racist people from the democratic party does with blacks during Jim Crow) when the opinion weren't even inciting violence but just showing the opinion from the opposite viewpoint. And they bitch about how Trump is oppressing them, when clearly, he doesn't silence anyone but mocks them. In China though, or in North Korea, imagine sharing your opinion and get shut down by your own government. There's issue out there, but the US has its own issue as well. Its the people for the US that's causing it, but it's the government for other countries. I wish we can all appreciate the amount of freedom we have on the internet.
@@IamHereAgainDude Better to be inside the cult, then outside of the cult.
The entire American construct is oppressive. Anyone saying otherwise needs to thoroughly research history, from the birth of this country, to what we are experiencing in present day America. Oppression and violence being perpetrated on a vast majority of this country be design and construct. So, when you look at the flag and stand for the national anthem, take into consideration the symbolism.
00:29
00:32 - the moral side of murder - Story of Trolly
04:28 - modified trolley car
10:02 - doctor in emergency room
13:29 - moral principles out of these stories - consequentialist morality - utilitarianism by Jeremy Bentham
15:16 - categorical morality - principles out of these stories - by Emmanual Kant
16:15 - Imp Ethical/philosophical Thinkers
16:35 - contemporary dilemmas to think upon
18:57 - Quote on Self-Knowledge - Self-knowledge is like lost innocence, however unsettling you find it, It can never be unthought or unknown.
21:57 - Idea of skepticism that no idea or philosophical side is right or wrong , it is personal belief system based on which sides are taken.
23:23 - Quote by Emmunal Kant: Skepticism is a resting place for human reason, where it can reflect upon its dogmatic wanderings but it is no dwelling place for permanent settlement.
27:53 - jeremy bentham's idea of utilitarianism - right thing to do is maximize the utility
29:38 - Case of Queen Versus Dudley & Stephens aka Mignonette Tragedy
38:28 - Inducement of Idea of Consent by Richard parker before he was murdered in Magnonette tragedy -
same goes for many contemporary scenarios - Like women in India tolerate domestic violence but never file a complaint against it. Even if an external complaint is raised they would not give a statement against their husband - Then in this case as well, Does the violence done by Husband morally justified ?
44:47 - Take away from Magnonette Tragedy - Morality is a fluid phenomenon - it is molded and transformed by various factors - existing belief system, Consent, Due Process involved, degree of damage, etc.
This is in contrast to Emmanual's categorical morality concept.
51:34 - Moral Questions to delve upon ...
Why murder is wrong?
is It because the person who is being murdered has the right to life?
How these fundamental rights emerge and are they absolute? If not absolute then how they are governed?
How moral stand of a person is guided by different values he adhere to ?
A man of culture
👏🏻👏🏻 thank you
appreciated
Thanks a million, now I can follow the lecture and understand clearly
Thank's :-)
Omg this changed my point of view. I didn't expect that university lectures would be such fun to watch. I can't stop watching his lectures.
What an incredible professor. Everyone should have an experience like this in their lives.
📞📞📞📞
❤️
I had alacarte at MSU 👏
@@geniusartswebster2967my name is being used by thieves and you know what is going on.
❤😂😢😅
There must be someone watching this in 2021 ,
Edit : Wow :0 , Thanks for the 2k+ likes ,this is my first time getting it 😃 :3
Edit 2 : yes i do realise it's 2021 now ,so happy new year , and glad to know that you guys are learning something new in life 😊.
There are a lot.
yes there is rather are!
Yessir
Thương nguyen
Hi
This lecture is really like a special gift for me . The way he interacting and encourage to speak in every perspective.... it's unbelievable
This series is an absolute Gold. I'd recommend everyone to go through this series once❤
Hearing lectures like this for free is just of the things that the internet offers. Thank you! 😍
Can ya imagine paying for this class LMAOOO
Internet was originally invented for pornography
@@parimtmnitg2965 And now it amplifies and spreads disinformation, propaganda, and lies at astonishing rates, without any effective ways of combatting it. The truth only works if people hear it or want to hear it.
nerd losers. I did not go to Harvard, I run my import-export business, I make way more money than most of the Grads. Fuck Harvard.
@@halfvolley11 cool
This is why Philosophy is the best. Every other subject will teach you what to think, offering you material to absorb and internalize. Philosophy, however, teaches you how to think, not what to think. No other discipline on campus, in my opinion, is more apt at giving you the tools, tricks, and abilities to work quickly and safely around any problem; giving you no answer, only justifiable means of generating one yourself.
Agreed. Most people don't engage with their opinions for more than the fleeting moment that they feel them, but philosophy forces you to understand why you feel that way and then support that line of thinking. It is quite entertaining when you see these students give their takes that are just filled with contradictions, watch the professor point them out and then see them laugh as they come to terms with their hypocrisies.
Yeah and then you graduate and have to watch youtube videos on coding for 6 months to work for a 50k salary
@𝐒𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐢𝐠𝐧 𝐀𝐜𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐬 this is the best comment I've ever read
@@divyanshgaurav3249 If you're coding for 50k a year then you learnt absolutely nothing from your philosophy classes
I mean, that's partly wrong because in fact you get tested based on how well you understand dead dudes' thoughts, and that shouldn't matter because it's important regardless of what you're doing as long as you're learning.
I asked some students this first hypothetical, but added one more fact after they had answered: that lone worker on the side track is your best friend. You know he is assigned to work that track that shift. Suddenly, the majority shifted to killing the five, and for a different reason, of course, than "better to kill fewer than more". It was an interesting discussion among the high school students.
That is what i thought about as well. The balance isn't equal which makes the choice obvious. It is similar on the second example of the fat guys on the bridge. I wouldn't push that guys neither because that would put the responsibility on me. It is selfish but why would I push myself into a no way out situation?
One must have strong conviction - to the degree that they feel utterly compelled - in their sense of virtue in your altered hypothetical, as the circumstances have evolved into that of a vigorously personal nature.
Personally, with regard to the initial hypothetical originally presented in this video, seeing as there is no alternative besides certain death for either of the larger group of people or the isolated person depending on my decision, and the circumstances dictate that I am directly involved in the situation being that I am controlling the object that will result in certain death, I would have to opt to prevent as many deaths as possible and therefore turn into the path of the isolated person.
With regard to the second scenario, I feel it would be wrong to push the obese person over the bridge as we both are not directly involved in the situation and it is not my prerogative to decide whether they should sacrifice their life.
Additionally, had the obese person given me permission, I would decline this proposition as they are not responsible for the situation occurring in the first place and irrespective of that, I don't think I'd have steel to commit such an act.
It's a harrowing notion to be involved in any of these respective situations, however it is simultaneously fascinating to explore.
😊😊😊😊
So, I have watched this video and others in this series and read the book, which is a sequel to these lectures. But after reading Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Prof Sandel's teaching style came to mind. How he engages the students in defining their world with a given phenomenon and asking questions to critically engage the critical conscious mind in objectively synthesising the objective of Justice is the definition of the problem-posing method that is touted by Paulo Freire.
Imagine if you were sleeping on this class and the camera got you.
Wow just imagine that. What an incredible thing to imagine. IMAGINE IT RIGHT NOW.
@@thert.hon.thelordnicholson7261 lmfaooo
😂😂
And the whole freaking comment section on UA-cam is only jokes about you sleeping and nothing else....
Then it would be salao day of my life
I think philosophy is the most important subject to be learned by all educated people.
mamborambo not like this bro my philosophy professor was horrible, that’s why I’m watching this Harvard take. Instead of real discussions we had pages of philosophies to study and write 2 page essays on. I hated my philosophy class I learned forcibly not enjoyably like here
Eduardo Escalante Oh same. We basically didn’t discuss anything in our class. We just read BUNCH of random facts on our own. It was really sad..
And morality
mamborambo . Philosophy is truly fundamental. It’s after theology my other favorite subject
I think philosophy is beyond useless. But I still enjoyed the lecture.
For learning the english i am Just click this video, and this professor made me his fan i will watch each of uploaded classes......Thank you and Allah bless you machel sandel from Peshawer (pakistan)
I find this lecture to be incredibly thought provoking and engaging. This professor seems to lead the students along their own brave journeys. The best teachers don’t tell you what to think - they equip you with the tools to discover and challenge your own interpretations.
Andrew seems like a great guy that honestly admitted when he was stumped, and the guy who said he'd take the four organs from the first of the five to die is a fuckin genius lol
Yeah.. Great thinking. 😊
Yea living example of thinking out of box. But the question was never made to find the best answer, but to discover the phylosophical inclination of the students.
In life there will be a time in which you have only two option, which will both make people suffer, you can't always find a third way.
His responses made me wondering that there are sometimes tricks like that one that could solve the problem like a technical/smart solution but eventually you end up with a problem where there are no tricks and in that case there's only morality that can guide you
I think that's the only legal solution. Who would go to an organ transplanting hospital if they were horney after your organs the moment you went in to ask help. Think about it. The word would spread FAST!
Interesting ewnough, that's the first thing I thought, the moment he mentioned the last guy, I was sure he was going to say that he was missing all of the same organs that each one of the previous guys were missing, so when he said "Pancreas", the solution was instantly that simple, just get all of the organs from one of the guys and use it to save the others, I gues I just didn't think about waiting for one of the mto die first, and that's really the best way of doing it in a moral way.
ITS MIDNIGHT AND IM WATCHING A LECTURE WILLINGLY FROM YOU TUBE!!
omg same
Lol and I'm re-watching this while writing a blogpost about this!
Same
I remember watching this during the pandemic. Awesome lecture. We need more profs like this.
Wah! What a professor! I'm happy to learn from him. Thanks, UA-cam, for giving me the opportunity after 14 years.
I asked my younger cousin (he's about 5) the same question. He said it was better to harm the five workers than the one lone worker because no one deserves to die alone.
EDIT: he's five. Love how all of them become Kant in the comment sections.
What would your answer be?
This is an example of those special things kids say
Nice.....
Wow…
that's out of the box thinking. Kids are wonderful
Even more families ultimately harmed. No. Idea is cute though.
The interior, the lecturer's voice, the acoustics, the excitement of freshmen and freshwomen - I can't help but feel reminded of Hogwarts as I saw it when I was a kid.
Thought you were going to say Harvard lol
Cambridge is a lot more reminiscent of hogwarts than Harvard
@@-green-405 well, might well be
Freshwomen? 🤦🏾♂️
@@demetriusmiddleton1246 yeah, like women being new to university.
I'm 2 minutes into this video and it brought back a memory.. I was on a freeway in Dallas, Texas everyone was going very fast you could not go any slower than 70 or one would get run over yourself.
All of a sudden out of nowhere a dog appeared in the lane ahead of me.
In a split-second decision I knew I could not move my car to either lane or I would hit another car so I braced my hands on the steering wheel and prepared to hit the dog.
By some Act of God the dog didn't get hit by any of the cars as we passed it.
I am so fascinated with the first question this professor has asked. It's a very intense first question and I look forward to listening to all my our students thoughts.
Incredible professor. I love him! I hope he’s doing well and healthy❤
In philosophy, there are no wrong answers. Just interesting questions.
This is overrated.
Try a degree or something and you'll find there's plenty about which you can be wrong. There are inference rules, definitions, and principles to learn. Yes, I agree, philosophy is essentially critical - but this means a statement such as "there are no right answers" is true also.
if that was the case, why would anyone do philosophy at all? What would be the point if there are no wrong answers?
@@SamuelJalalian Just read arendt’s essay on the banality of evil, you’ll understand why philosophy is necessary even now
Half way through the video im glad God exists who gives us morals and hope.
This teacher, professor, whatever he is, is pretty good at his job. I'm invested in this lesson and I'm not even one of his students, and he makes it so interesting to learn. This is just reinforcing my want to go to study law.
Good luck. Not all teachers are created equal. This is Harvard. Best of the best
Michael Sandel is truly amazing.
I've read his book titled Justice!
Truly and eye opening
As a 1L, I can tell you that law school is nothing like this and our discussions are quite dry.
This lecture sucks. lol!!!
@@loredanagasparotto5677 how?
Immensely grateful to professor ,who gave wonderful clarification on philosophy 🙂,
After 14 years, this professor made me really get in touch and love philosophy. I'm a political science student keen in political thoughts
The moment you realize you were watching a presentation which lasted a whole hour but you cant pay 5 minutes of attention to your teacher in school. this is exactly the kind of lesson i wished to have at my school in germany!
xgamesprout x Me too!
Arent all universities kinda like that?
me too 😂
Yeah me too. I love listening to this, but the lessons in Germany are so boring
@@TE-em5kj ur teacher is boring not germany
Jeez people, calm down. These are quite clearly first year students, they're still probs 18 - 21. These discussions massively enrich their thinking capabilities, for many of them this is the first time they've ever contemplated such moral dilemmas. THIS is how universities create the thinkers of our societies. All you people are just envious of their opportunities - get over it.
People that go to Harvard are just that - people.
... we did this thinking in Cadets and grade 5-7. >.> and moral reasoning of teaching was age 0 - 13. Then there is religious ethics and moral reasoning... of moral code and law.
They're mostly and probably in this because of some required general education crap. LOL
Jermane Anyoha normie or bait I wonder?
Yes. Anyone criticizing ANY of these students are just jealous af of them for being at Harvard or SOMETHING.
It's nearly the same as saying, "uh-uh, I'm smarterrrr than youuuu!!!!" Please, grow up. Your ass couldn't make it to Harvard so sit back and let the intelligent talk.
who are you talking to calm down
he is not only giving a lesson on what is the right thing to do, he is also teaching how to teach
Lecturers really need to learn from this guy.He is just amazing!
Tywin Lannister retired from being Hand of King and became a justice professor.
I was figuring out where I saw this man before lol xD.
He even talks like him
Such a good one too :)
Holy shit 😂
My dumbass kept on wondering where have i seen a similar looking man...and then this comment appeared 🤦🏻♂️🤣🤣
The first half of this lecture is on point. In our daily lives, we get to make choices. The uncomfortable choices. If we're not able to face 'the restlessness of reasoning,' we'll do monstrous things. Because who knows what our conditioning has made of us?
No
Walter White
There’s also the view of justice being a concept to justify certain acts. Who gets to decide right from wrong what is wrong and right
@@bimmer24m32 only you can decide for yourself. The point lies in getting you to think about it in the first place
@@Iminvincible in court you don’t decide your fate. Another person does it for you
This is the third time I watch this video. He's is a fantastic professor.
I like how none can be wrong at his lectures . I like how none can be wrong at his lectures .
"Self-knowledge is like innocence. However unsettling you find it, it can never be unthought or unknown" I just wish I wasn't caught up in the day to day struggles for survival to just pursue knowledge for the sake of it and not to get a degree and get a raise at work or a job
Me too…..!!!! I wish I had the time to read all the books ever written in this world. ☺️😉
I wish I was a billionaire.
Actually, it's a matter of time.
Wishing is for idiots
@@tmt3969 That wordage is largely inconsiderate to the people who have more drive than we ever will. Wishing isn't for idiots, your wish is to become a billionaire, yet you take actions towards it. It's still your wish and hope, and not a guarantee. Don't get stuck into the disgusting 'millionaire grind-set' that middle school boys often destroy themselves over.
That's why this video course is so welcome -- I wasn't able to get into the Intro philosophy class at my liberal arts college 40 years ago because it was too popular. But now I can attend one on UA-cam, when I have time to do so (and free or almost free, unlike my college tuition).
Chidi on " The Good Place " has already taught me this lesson.
That was the first thing that I thought when I heard him talk about the trolley problem
Chidi taught this, yes, But did the writers of The Good Place see this lecture on YT? I say yes. But they may have read Phillipa Foote's original "Trolley Problem" essay from 1967.
Finally
A brother/sister
i actually just finished the episode where Eleanor and chidi meet in real life when Michael brings them back thats why im here lol
The logical explanation and correct answer realistically, is that most people wouldn’t do anything. Psychologically, our conscience can cope with inaction (this resulting in 5 dying) than taking action that will kill 1 person. You could even argue that the bystander effect takes over and you’re helpless to do anything and so the trolley remains on the track with the 5 through people’s inability to act through fight, flight or freeze. Most people would freeze or flee.
What a fantastic lecturer. Everyone should have this kind of experience in their lives.
The lecture is beyond any expectations superb! But what is particularly striking to me is how Professor interacts with every student. He appreciates each of them, always says "well done" and similar cheering phrases. Just at the point when a student seems to start feeling a bit anxious or uncertain, professor manages to capture that and appreciate the argument that was put forward. This attitude appeals to me so much!
I was fascinated because of the exact reason more than the lecture itself. He even remembered their names and the arguments they put forward then went back and stated their arguments. That was something unreal for me!
maybe because its a philosophy class? Nothing is right or wrong par se in philosophy par se. It will not be possible in a chem or math class because you either give a right answer or a wrong one, no in between. And the prof cant say Well Done to a "not correct" answer/solution.
@@lakshyamongia3270 encouragement and validation mustn't be denied. You can say "good effort" or "not quite right, but that's okay" instead of embarrassing someone for getting an answer wrong in a math class
Everybody in class: interacting, talking, learning
me at home while getting a grad in Economics: raising hands to why we should kill 1 man instead of 5
@James Cunico who said genocide like war is acceptable? I didn't say that.
@James Cunico I wasn't being snooty. You are just being an asshole to a stranger now. The debate you are proposed wasn't clear.
But just take for example the war happening in Syria or any african/middle-eastern country vs the terrorist attack in Paris. Even tho the people who died in Paris are lesser, its just given waay more importance since its european lives and the socio-economic level of these people is higher then the ones living in Africa. And also its just soo normalized to hear about a war in middle-east.
A modern student of economics and monetary theory would just recommend anything inefficient should go under the bus
@@cr07reloaded and killing 1 person and saving 5 people would be economically efficient because even in the case they dont earn as much, they will spend. And spending keeps the economy going
@@ritikaritu2181 depends I think on the type of person that one guy is. If he is a millionaire, he can be imagined as adding more value to economy as compared to five commoners together
His transition from hypothetical to principal was so smooth. He didnt shame the kid or make him look dumb, in fact he admitted it was a great idea, while still firmly pointing out the kid "missed" the point.
And don't stand too close to the edge 😂😂😂
Randomly picked this video and watched the whole video without getting bored. Very interesting lectures. Thank you Harvard.
one alumnus of our college asked this question to a senior for a scholarship interview. and she answered she would kill the 5 people because it was their fault for working in that track despite knowing that train may arrive at that time. while the 1 worker was working on the side track as he knew train will not come on that track. so killing an innocent person for the fault of of other people will be wrong. she was given an appreciation prize for that answer.
Really a great discourse.
Damn!! That never occurred to me. Probably, thats why i dont have an appreciation prize.
As employees of whichever organization maintains trolley tracks, are the workers in charge of which tracks they choose to work on, or the times at which they work on those tracks though? The one worker also chose to be employed in this work (assuming he's not an, I dunno, labour camp prisoner) and so he had equal risk of being on the track of the trolley at that moment. I don't think the five people are at "fault" in that case.
Pranit Sinha that’s not why such a prize is given, though. The award speaks to the creativity in which the person adressed the problem, so there is no right choice here as you cannot alter the parameters of the situation but can add assumptions. The award winner was creative and that’s what the winner was awarded for.
That is based on the assumption they have prior knowledge and have chosen to work on a dangerous track. What if they were equally ignorant? If their boss told them to work there without knowing the better? Is it still fair to kill 5 people instead of 1? A lot of real life situations are like that, even Nazi Germany, a lot of people worked unknowingly in a mass murder regime, do they still deserve to die?
Anyone who thinks everything in life is black and white, right or wrong, should watch this. Professor Sandel does a great job of making you tear off the labels you've assigned to things and think about it a different way. Thanks!
whether or not "everything in life" is black or white doesnt matter. You usually have to make constant decisions. These are disjunct, meaning there is a choice of a limited amount of possibilities. Sometimes only 2, sometimes even only 1 ( depending on your thoughts on suicide).
oh, thank you, so much, for wonderful lectures, dear Professor.
if i were able to save them, all, how wonderful it would be.
I feel this is how everyone should have a disagreement about everything they feel strongly about. Considering deeply each persons point of view
Harvard really excels in everything because they teach you to think, and thats why its my dream school
Every university worth a dime teaches you to think critically. That's the whole point of studying. And I'm sorry but this lecture is a pretty basic philosophy lecture. It's good, but it's nothing out of the ordinary. The reason Harvard "excells" is because they a) get to make the rules by which unversities around the globe are judged, which necessarily leads to them being ahead and because b) they have money and scientific research needs funding whivh they can provide (though they treat most of their teaching staff terribly anf pay them like crap with no benefits and such) and c) because they advertise themselves in that way. That's not to say that Harvard is a bad univeristy or anything like that. That's also not true. But my advice is to take a critical look as to whether that's really the best option for you and your goals and not be blinded by advertisment.
@@HallwiedasEcho Thank you Jessica for your kindly remind!
All good universities teach you how to think!
@@HallwiedasEcho if no-one is gonna appreciate this reply, I will stand for the most and thank you for the clarification and conciseness
But yet fails to recognize talent like
Warren Buffet and Chinese billionaire : Mr. Jack ma
This kind of class is everyone needed.
what?
@@skyblockland27 “This is the kind of class everyone needed.” I think is what they’re trying to say.
;¢n%5mnnn. N. N=j?? (00:80'0:(