Was very busy with a large research project the last few months, but I am hopefully mostly done with that now and should have more time to focus on videos! To start things off, a nice short one on the Great Wall, and why it has npt factored into our discussion of the Mongol invasion of the Jin Empire. www.travelchinaguide.com/china_great_wall/history/jin/ has some great information on the Jin Walls, and what they look like today (basically like big lumps).
The great wall of China made by first emperor was very close from yellow river according to Sama Tian, first writer of history in Han dynasty. Which means there was only few fortresses when Mongol invaded but never contacted the great wall. Even later history of other dynasties never mentioned about the great wall when other nomad tribes attacked China until Qing invade Ming. The great wall was gone at the time and that is why Marco Polo did not mention anything about it.
The Chinese told me Jin Empire was NOT a 100% Chinese nation, Only Han Chinese build & maintain the Great wall, But before Jin Empire was built, Real Chinese were fighting each other and the great wall had been abandoned because Chinese were too busy killing each other. When Jin controlled north China, they think they are strong, no will to rebuild Chinese great wall. So, there was not a great wall to stop Mongols, the Wall was a ruin.
I am little confused on your writing but let me try to be clear here. There is no real Chinese and even the identity calls Han is not band or tribal ethnicity in our way of identify the people of certain group. It is just the word exist after Han dynasty established and there were many ethnic groups lived in the state. Actual real Chinese people may can be identify people lived around yellow river or usually Henan province. This identity of Han people started and became certain group of people after the nomads of Xiongnu and Xianbei invaded northern and central part of China. And gradual strong identification of Han culture is developed and stated in (Northern) Song dynasty era. Well Jin dynasty is built by Jurchen people in Manchuria later descendant to Manchurian and Qing dynasty. Yes they did not need the great wall anyway cause it is on the south for them and never used for a thousands of years and their northern border was already close with Nei Mongol area. There was no the great wall at that time of course. By the way, Chinese government tries to lobby to other countries and especially North America to write distorted historical textbook about Qin dynasty's great wall was on the region where today's the great wall places on nowadays and they claimed they found other part of the wall on East and West but they were never been part of the wall but was other separate fortresses of other ethnicity in ancient time. It is just part of the political project to step down other ethnicity in North like Uighur and many other ethnic groups in Manchu to dominate their identity into Chinese Han rule.
First, I did not deny their invention and legacy from 2000 years. Second, you said I am wrong but from your writing, I do not see anything we are disagreeing on. I am just make sure clear that what the great wall placed traditionally and originally close to yellow river and it was not even that long length as we today's scholars expected. I saw many documentary of the great wall but they have been failed to prove other sand made fortresses in the Xinjiang are one of part of the great wall. It's just short sizes of barrier remained. Foreign scholars hard to get approve for research archaeology in China because the government try to put censor for political reason.
northern China had long fallen into nomadic invader's hands before mongol invasion, besides the previous Tang dynasty was so powerful that it conquered the nomads, so they had no interest in maintaining or building new walls, by the time mongol invaded, there wasn't really a great wall in there.
Aaah cmon why you Chinese people always trying to make fake history !!! Great wall totally useless even thousands year later wall didn't stopped qing empire
@@sansan2591 an invitation will stop nothing. the Qing was invited by a Ming general who is trying to use Qing's power for the internal ruling. Ensure you know the truth before claiming something fake.
@@sansan2591 You dont know anything about China history.Just shut up.Manchu is not Mongolia.Mongolia dont need try to use This to honor yourself.Ming dynasty was cracked by Li Zicheng and then wu sangui open the door to Let Qing enter to conquer Li Zicheng.Finally just Qing went to the crown.If you dont know China history just go to search It and learn it.Or just shut up.
Wow, a solid history video about my country? Good stuff man, I hope you continue doing these awesome videos. +1 thumbs up and sub from Mongolia.(PS: wish I could throw several of them at you xD)
The Mongols had a brilliant commander while the Jin (Gold) was run by a 4th generation. The Mongols did a fake attack to a fort on the Great Wall, pulling the Jin troops to that spot. The Mongols then did a real attack at the capital, and the Jin troops had to dash back, running into to a trap. The Jins were nomad and they were looters, not defenders. Once they occupied the northern China, they lost their wills and enjoyed good lives.
Simple, because the great wall has long fallen into foreigners(Lias & Jin) since the beginning of song dynasty, which is long before the Mongol become a great power in the north. And south song still managed to hold the Mongol amry outside the Xiangyang city from 1257 to 1273. The siege had continued for 16 long years, it might probably be the longest siege battle in history.
It's because the great wall was the Ancient version of the F-35. It was so incredibly expensive to build and maintain it bankrupted the Ming. Oh and somebody opened the gates to the Manchu.
The wall wasn't built completely. Chinggis Khan sent scouts because he believed there should be an end to the wall. After receiving news from his scouts that the wall is not complete and has found a way through they simply marched through it. This is why he said "There is no value if something is not finished". Later Ming dynasty finished it but by the time the wall ruined in some parts. Fun fact: 1) The Great Wall was never defeated. 2) Because it was totally useless xD
I found this video to be greatly informative. Nice job. This was a subject I never thought of before. I always thought that Genghis Khan was a real genius for bypassing the Great Wall. Had no idea the version we all know wasn't built in his time. Wonderful video.
The Jackmeister: Mongol History I really love your video, umm mabye more of the culture, i find that most people miss understand the culture of the Mongols, but your history videos are so awesome, please keep them coming!!!
I think its useless wall. After yuan dynasty collaps ( its mongol) ming build the wall again to avoid the other invansion. But in the end, the general of ming who guard great wall open the door to the machu and invade beijing. That so funny
The wall at that time is not complete. The Mongols found a few passage to got around. The wall was repair and fix during Ming Dynasty. Mongols never pass them again until china face an internal uprising. Actually, the wall is a great success and serve it purpose well. Especially, prevent raid that more headache that wars.
Really amazing videos! I am from Republic of Kalmykia could you do video about Kalmyk history potentially in future? Thanks for your educational content:)
Thank you, it means a lot! Yes, all images and maps are done by me unless I state otherwise. I really enjoy making them, as it means I'm not reliant on what I can find on google images or what other people have done and allow me to show whatever I want. In a lot of cases I'm probably going to be one of the first, or the few, making images of some of the people I discuss, which I find really cool but can be a pain for finding reference images!
Nice and yes keep up the great work as I have followed smaller channels like yourself which then gained large amounts of followers, some within a year (Military History Visualized etc.) You'll be there in no time.
When the weather got cold, Mongolians’ cattle got killed by freeze snows .Those starving Mongolians always crossed the border to rob Chinese farmers,Because dying in starvation is much more struggle than dying in fighting……….So,Farming civilization and nomadic civilization never lived in peace with each other.
They often did have economic function, either through taxation or controlling border trade (such as preventing the Chinese from selling goods to the steppe peoples). However, the walls (especially the Ming walls, perhaps less so earlier earthern walls and ditches) themselves were so expensive to build, man and maintain, offsetting much of whatever economic boon they would have provided. Yet, this control of border taxation and trade would have been understood as a part of border defense, rather than a separate role of the wall.
Mongol came to existence long after the start of building the wall. Before them, Han Chinese put existinction to many invading nomad tribes. The great wall worked for most times.
But I have a question. How was building the wall was unnoticeable to enemy as it was mid way in its construction. I mean as the narrated says the wall was slow process so enemies may have figured the build and attack
There are a few potential reasons: The wall in its full length took many years to construct, but a local section could be completed quickly: the Ming wall is mainly rammed earth, with a brick covering in sections (and other local materials). A large team can complete a section of rammed earth wall very quickly, and if under guard, disrupting the completion of a section would be difficult. Further, the Great Wall was built in local sections, protecting important points like Beijing initially, and only gradually turned into a fortification for the whole length of the border. When a section is being completed in a certain area, the mentality of the attackers would be to bypass that newly fortified area. Together, that means that preventing the construction of the wall is pointless from the Mongol perspective when they could still bypass it, not realizing that it would eventually turn into the long wall we know it as today. Another point is that internally, the Mongols were often fighting among themselves (and unlikely to therefore launch a coordinated attack on the wall construction) or, in the later decades of the Ming and Northern Yuan, had a relationship where the trade was open, if funneled through the border posts. Generally the violence occurred when the Chinese sought to cut off Mongol access to Chinese goods, and the Mongols would decide to take them by force. If the access was allowed however, the incentive to attack was minimal. Altogether, these may have dissuaded Mongol attempts to halt the wall's construction, but it is still possible there was conflict over it: just not enough to ever prevent the Chinese from completing the project.
The issue with China is that ultimately when facing a force like the Mongols, centralization of your nation-state is ultimately a weakness when fighting the Mongols, not a benefit. Focusing your defensive measures into a handful of heavily fortified cities while not relying heavily upon forts with permanent garrisons means that with the fall of each city, huge amounts of territory will be lost with them, allowing the conquering force to expand their area of influence dramatically. One key fortification or city will not halt a Mongol invasion- what you needed was attrition, which was why the Japanese likely would have thrown back the Mongols had they not suffered sea trouble, their venture into South East Asia was a nightmare, and why they didn't really fair so well once they reached central Europe and its fetish by the mid 13th century for stone fortifications. Wanna throw back the Mongols? Build ten thousand small stone forts with an infuriating amount of redundant defenses and walls, huge amount of rations, and a respectable garrison managed by a local magistrate, and be completely willing as a culture to engage in decades or longer of persistent warfare. The cost of course is that this level of decentralization and empowerment of local authority via the possession of these stone forts means that, as a King, Emperor, or other reigning elite, you've shot your control over your lands to hell and you're never getting it back in your lifetime. Which means it could backfire, as while the Mongols did not like attrition, they were adept at persuading people to join them and thus avoid war altogether.
Well put. From my reading of Chinese history, it seems trading with the steppe tribes and using economic influence to undermine potential Chinggis-like figures, seems more effective than military campaigning or fortifications. A few individuals like the Yongle Emperor could successfully campaign on the steppe, but as the Mongols did not rely on cities or the like, then Chinese style warfare became much more of a hindrance than anything. See for example the Tumu Crisis, where the Mongols captured the Ming emperor in such a campaign. Otherwise, as Chinggis is alleged to have said, "walls are only as good as the men behind them." Since militarily both offensive and defensive operations against a nomadic enemy like the Mongols will cost huge amounts in men and resources, not to mention time, with significant potential repercussions for the state, just giving them the things they want through trade seems to me a much more cost effective method.
There's also an interesting mirror of what happened in Europe. For centuries the Chinese had used super-heavy cavalry, cataphracts, which while extremely hard to kill and functioning as nigh impenetrable mounted pike blocks or occasionally engaging in charges (but not like mongols or knights, not a couched charge)- were extremely heavy and slow from the degree of armor they wore, which simply reached excessive levels (lamellar plus maille and padding is just a great way to collapse of heat stroke). The Mongol lancer on the other hand was just a completely different unit, a much faster medium-cavalry unit (they primarily just wore lamellar, I can't recall any depiction of them historically looking like Chinese cataphracts) with greater flexibility and using a lance in a couched manner. Similar to what happened when the Normans clashed with the Romans, with couched lance cavalry mostly running right through Cataphracts (although in this case the Empire survived and adapted its cavalry), the Chinese were simply unable to respond to Mongol-style cavalry tactics and Cataphracts disappear entirely from Chinese history, never to return.
The Great Wall succefully defended the Jurchen, never failed to stop them. But Chinese farmer riots happened in China, That riot became a great big and it ruined all over the china soon, The last chinese emperor suicided himself before the leader of riot rushed into his forbidden city. After the emperor's dead, The leader of riot tried to bribe the one of the emperor's general who guarded the great wall. But That bribe was totally fail.The general was not interested in the leader's suggestion, Instead, He decided to open the gate for Jurchen and let Jurchen come into China. Jurchen warriors crushed riots and the farmer's leader had to run away and died soon. When Jurchen came into China. They annexed Beijing and they declared they are the new master of china. Yeah. This was time when Qing dynasty of China began.
I'm not too familiar with Mongol-Indian conflicts in this period (I'd very like to cover it in future videos though) but I can give a very brief overview of the general themes. It's quite a bit more complex than it is often presented So in the period roughly from roughly 1220-1330 (when we would consider the people ethnically Mongolian, as opposed to Turko-Mongol in regards to Timur) there were a few times the Mongols considered and attempt invasions in India. During the early 1220s campaign against the Khwarezmian Empire a few small forces were sent into India proper, around the time that Chinggis Khan was chasing down Jalal al-Din Mingburnu. As the focus was on Central Asia/Iran for this campaign there would not have been any serious thought of fully invading India at this point, and the few small forces who did operate in India did not do well in the heat and humidity, which tended to spread diseases and sickness among the Mongols they were unaccustomed to (this greatly slowed down and stopped their campaigns whenever they encountered this, such as southern China and Vietnam). This seems to have largely put a halt to any full invasion of India in the style of the other Mongolian invasions. My impression was that Chinggis khan was curious about India, but was always too preoccupied to really look into conquering it. to Raids did take place over the following 20 years, but were mainly focused on the Punjab. In the 1230s, the Mongols took Kashmir, and from there launched a few small invasions into India, and some clashes with the the Delhi Sultanate. But these were never done with enough force to conquer India and I think the Delhi Sultanate beat off a few of the Mongolian forces, or the Mongols were satisfied with their loot and left. All in all, it was no major invasions in this period. The Great Khans after Chinggis were too distracted elsewhere with China, Europe and the remainder of the Middle East to look into a full invasion of India while the empire was united. Things change a bit towards the end of the thirteenth century: in the 1290s the Chagatai Khanate, or at least a portion of it (the Chagatai Khanate was always very unstable so I don't know if this was just one prince organizing this, or the Khan of the Khanate itself) launched a series of larger invasions into Northern India. By now, the Mongols had acclimatized some to the climate compared to their grandfathers, but did not have the full military ability they had had earlier (decreasing quality of generals and discipline, but still a ferocious foe none the less). These appear to have been more serious undertakings than the earlier raids, but it is unclear to me if they had in mind anything more than looting, or actually did want to conquer a portion of India. Anyways, Chagatai raids continued through the decade, but the Delhi Sultanate was in this period quite strong militarily, and of course after 1296 Alauddin Khalji came to power, who was able to inflict major defeats on the Mongols. Khalji victories over the Mongols did not end Mongolian attacks however, and there were raids on Delhi itself over the following years. However the decreasing unity of the Chagatai Khanate made these raids much more infrequent, and the latest was a 1327 siege of Delhi. After that major attacks on northern India seem to have ended, and in the followings years the Ilkhanate (1335) and Yuan Dynasty (1368) collapsed, while the Chagatai Khanate effectively existed only in name, power being almost entirely in the hands of local elites. In short: India's climate discouraged Mongol attacks in the period of Mongolian unity, who were mostly distracted with campaigns elsewhere. When more concerted efforts were undertaken, the Delhu Sultanate and its leaders, most famously Alauddin Khaliji, were strong enough to generally defeat the Mongols in battle. Mongolian armies that were sent into India seemed to be more for the purpose of raiding rather than actually conquering the subcontinent, raids which ceased with dissolution of the Mongolian empire. Things of course changed with Timur, but that is another story!
The Jackmeister: Mongol History it seems climate played a major role, On the contrary Arabs and Turks were successful in the conquest of India despite being largely outnumbered in their army numbers
People don't understand that these walls were originally built to keep the "Chinese" out from the Yellow River Basin. Once Qin & Han took over, they destroyed the western & suthern walls. They extended the northern walls to keep the Mong from coming back to their mother land of the Yellow River Basin. The conflict between Mong Shiwei & Mong Jursen [Jin] was between Northern Mong & Southern Mong....not between the Chinese & "Mongols".
Why we call it the Great wall? Chinese call it the Long wall (长城 - changcheng). We can call it the Chinese wall or Changcheng. Just like Piramid, Stonehedge, Yellowstone and so on. The name "South China Sea" (SCS) is not correct too, it should be "South Asia Sea" (SAS).
I am Chinese! In my humble knowledge due to Mongolian loved fighting almost no components liked Han and Tang dynasties!No need the great wall to protect the countries!Mongolian activities outside the great wall no turks or huns came to attack the great wall!So the defense duty of the wall almost nothing!And maintenance or built the wall needed money!No one included Mongolian wasted money for nothing!Mongolian and Han dynasty and Tang dynasty famous in cavalry and arrows shooting!
If I get the opportunity in the future, I'd really love to do some videos on those earlier, lesser known dynasties which were founded by nomadic peoples in China. It wouldn't be as detailed as my major Mongol series, but I'd love to be able to introduce myself and others to such states. Because of the vague knowledge of 'the Great Wall,' I find lots of people think the northern Chinese/Mongolian border was such impenetrable barrier, but the existence of the Northern Wei, the Liao Dynasty and others demonstrate this was quite the opposite. Hopefully such an opportunity comes!
Trump may have been forced by the air traffic controller union to re open the government, but one way or another he gonna get your $70 billion tax money to build his wall. And lol Mexico won't pay a dime.
So the actual Great Wall of China had not been built until 16th century by the Ming Dynasty, according to this video! This truly answered many questions. First, the 2,700-year-old history of China's Great Wall was just a myth because it has been in fact built for only about 500 years since 16th century. Also in 1644, the weakened Ming government was quickly overthrown by the Manchus-a peasant led rebellion marching their army through gates of the Great Wall at “the First Pass under Heaven” (aka shanhaiguan) without any fight! This meant the Ming ironically spent over 100 years building the Wall to defend Mongol invasion ... only let another group of northern foreigners simply march through and take over, starting a new dynasty: The Quing Dynasty! Moreover, during the Sino-Japanese War of 1937-45, it took less than 3 days for the Japanese troops to break through the Wall after having totally defeated the United Chinese Front. Today, thousands of bullet holes can be seen along the Wall from the battle. The last question is: Was the Great Wall of China effective in keeping out foreign invaders? The answer is NO! Because of its ultimate failure, many people around the world, including Chinese people have seen the Great Wall as "an enormously expensive strategic folly." It is in fact said in ancient Chinese folklore, "Even a woman's tears were enough to collapse the Wall." Eventually, the Great Wall of China has sadly become a historic symbol of China's eternal shame and failure. Even Chairman Mao viewing the Wall as a "feudal relic", had actively encouraged farmers to make use of the stones and bricks from the Wall as free construction materials even before the Cultural Revolution and Red Guards. Just tell the truth and stop coloring and sugarcoating it!
And will happen to border wall from Trump he will be remember as the most embarrassed president of the u.s.a and his photo will be in the laughing stock.
The Magyars, Huns, and Turkic people rode with the horde in the time of Atilla the Hun. The Huns and Magyars were originally from Central Asia and not European and the ancestors of the Turks were from Asia not the Middle East until they migrated there and intermarried with the local peoples where their descendants became the Hungarians and the Turkish. There is some difference between Turkic and Turkish because linguistically the related languages are Altaic for the Turkic languages and Turkish is not particularly related to any other language linguistically.
because several thousand years ago Chinese had known how to used cheap and fake materials to build great wall just like today merchandise, and it certainly failed to stop mongolians invade
The importance of the turks to the army of Chinggis Khan and his successors will be given the detail they deserve in future videos. In this earlier part of the conquest, there were turks in the army but it was mainly Mongolian. In western campaigns though, the Turks were a very important part of the armies, and that will not be glossed over. The mongols always relied heavily on non-Mongolian forces. In the war in China for example, many thousands of Khitans, Chinese and Jurchen fought for the Mongols, giving them the knowledge necessary to take cities. It is just easier though to say "mongolian army" than list all the various people in the army. Unfortunately this gives unintended impression of homogenous forces, which was certainly not the case Greetings from Canada!
The Jackmeister: Mongol History Genghis Khan wanted to revive the Hunnic Empire.Genghis Khan wanted to Turco-Mongol union so he chose military generals from the Turks For example Subedei... Genghis Khan invited the Oghuz (Turkic) tribes to this union but they did not accept.So the Oghuz tribe in Central Asia migrated to Anatolia Genghis Khan divided his country among his sons.4 countries were formed. Golden Horde (Turkifield) Ilkhanate (Turkifield) Chagatai Khanates (Turkifield) Yuan Dynasty Your videos are very successful :)
"haha turan masterrace i will take everything people to whom i am not related to in any way shape or form because i have so much admixture have done as a personal accomplishment, haha tork master race i swear im not missing most of my chromosomes"
This is really a funny video. The answer is the great wall of China you see today was build in Ming Dynasty, it's 100 years after the mongolian conquered China. 😂😂😂
Was very busy with a large research project the last few months, but I am hopefully mostly done with that now and should have more time to focus on videos! To start things off, a nice short one on the Great Wall, and why it has npt factored into our discussion of the Mongol invasion of the Jin Empire. www.travelchinaguide.com/china_great_wall/history/jin/ has some great information on the Jin Walls, and what they look like today (basically like big lumps).
The great wall of China made by first emperor was very close from yellow river according to Sama Tian, first writer of history in Han dynasty. Which means there was only few fortresses when Mongol invaded but never contacted the great wall. Even later history of other dynasties never mentioned about the great wall when other nomad tribes attacked China until Qing invade Ming. The great wall was gone at the time and that is why Marco Polo did not mention anything about it.
The Chinese told me Jin Empire was NOT a 100% Chinese nation, Only Han Chinese build & maintain the Great wall, But before Jin Empire was built, Real Chinese were fighting each other and the great wall had been abandoned because Chinese were too busy killing each other. When Jin controlled north China, they think they are strong, no will to rebuild Chinese great wall. So, there was not a great wall to stop Mongols, the Wall was a ruin.
I am little confused on your writing but let me try to be clear here. There is no real Chinese and even the identity calls Han is not band or tribal ethnicity in our way of identify the people of certain group. It is just the word exist after Han dynasty established and there were many ethnic groups lived in the state. Actual real Chinese people may can be identify people lived around yellow river or usually Henan province.
This identity of Han people started and became certain group of people after the nomads of Xiongnu and Xianbei invaded northern and central part of China. And gradual strong identification of Han culture is developed and stated in (Northern) Song dynasty era.
Well Jin dynasty is built by Jurchen people in Manchuria later descendant to Manchurian and Qing dynasty. Yes they did not need the great wall anyway cause it is on the south for them and never used for a thousands of years and their northern border was already close with Nei Mongol area. There was no the great wall at that time of course.
By the way, Chinese government tries to lobby to other countries and especially North America to write distorted historical textbook about Qin dynasty's great wall was on the region where today's the great wall places on nowadays and they claimed they found other part of the wall on East and West but they were never been part of the wall but was other separate fortresses of other ethnicity in ancient time. It is just part of the political project to step down other ethnicity in North like Uighur and many other ethnic groups in Manchu to dominate their identity into Chinese Han rule.
First, I did not deny their invention and legacy from 2000 years.
Second, you said I am wrong but from your writing, I do not see anything we are disagreeing on. I am just make sure clear that what the great wall placed traditionally and originally close to yellow river and it was not even that long length as we today's scholars expected. I saw many documentary of the great wall but they have been failed to prove other sand made fortresses in the Xinjiang are one of part of the great wall. It's just short sizes of barrier remained. Foreign scholars hard to get approve for research archaeology in China because the government try to put censor for political reason.
The gun turrets are pointing AT the Chinese. They didn't build that wall. It was built to keep them from encroaching north.
Because of the great ladder of Mongolia
This channel is like a hidden treasure... and I found it!
Same here. I want to spread word of this channel but I also want to keep it as my golden nugget.
northern China had long fallen into nomadic invader's hands before mongol invasion, besides the previous Tang dynasty was so powerful that it conquered the nomads, so they had no interest in maintaining or building new walls, by the time mongol invaded, there wasn't really a great wall in there.
Aaah cmon why you Chinese people always trying to make fake history !!! Great wall totally useless even thousands year later wall didn't stopped qing empire
It was not about power China was send spy to Turks to make them collapse its not fair
@@sansan2591 that's mostly to do with the fact that the Ming dynasty was collapsing from their own incompetence.
@@sansan2591 an invitation will stop nothing. the Qing was invited by a Ming general who is trying to use Qing's power for the internal ruling. Ensure you know the truth before claiming something fake.
@@sansan2591 You dont know anything about China history.Just shut up.Manchu is not Mongolia.Mongolia dont need try to use This to honor yourself.Ming dynasty was cracked by Li Zicheng and then wu sangui open the door to Let Qing enter to conquer Li Zicheng.Finally just Qing went to the crown.If you dont know China history just go to search It and learn it.Or just shut up.
Wow, a solid history video about my country? Good stuff man, I hope you continue doing these awesome videos. +1 thumbs up and sub from Mongolia.(PS: wish I could throw several of them at you xD)
Thank you! I hope I am able to do it justice!
The Mongols had a brilliant commander while the Jin (Gold) was run by a 4th generation. The Mongols did a fake attack to a fort on the Great Wall, pulling the Jin troops to that spot. The Mongols then did a real attack at the capital, and the Jin troops had to dash back, running into to a trap.
The Jins were nomad and they were looters, not defenders. Once they occupied the northern China, they lost their wills and enjoyed good lives.
Simple, because the great wall has long fallen into foreigners(Lias & Jin) since the beginning of song dynasty, which is long before the Mongol become a great power in the north. And south song still managed to hold the Mongol amry outside the Xiangyang city from 1257 to 1273. The siege had continued for 16 long years, it might probably be the longest siege battle in history.
i wish you more subscribers then Mongolian kills
thats alot
exactly.. i don't think there is a channel on the entire youtube with that many subs ;)
As a mongolian myself, that might actually be a compliment.
I am sorry. How many did the mongols kills?
don't tell me you figured out the real number !!!!
"...because pop culture has lied to you continuously"
It's because the great wall was the Ancient version of the F-35. It was so incredibly expensive to build and maintain it bankrupted the Ming.
Oh and somebody opened the gates to the Manchu.
The wall wasn't built completely. Chinggis Khan sent scouts because he believed there should be an end to the wall. After receiving news from his scouts that the wall is not complete and has found a way through they simply marched through it. This is why he said "There is no value if something is not finished". Later Ming dynasty finished it but by the time the wall ruined in some parts.
Fun fact: 1) The Great Wall was never defeated.
2) Because it was totally useless xD
Like trumps border wall
it was bulit in 200s BC. The reason was Huns& Turkic nations
I found this video to be greatly informative. Nice job. This was a subject I never thought of before. I always thought that Genghis Khan was a real genius for bypassing the Great Wall. Had no idea the version we all know wasn't built in his time. Wonderful video.
Great video, my Girlfriend is form Mongolia, and we watch this together, please keep making these wonderful videos :)
Thank you! I am more than pleased that you enjoy my videos! Is there anything in particular that you'd be interested in seeing in the future!
The Jackmeister: Mongol History I would be interested in learning about the Battle of Ain Jalut! :)
Jacob Brown fuck u
The Jackmeister: Mongol History I really love your video, umm mabye more of the culture, i find that most people miss understand the culture of the Mongols, but your history videos are so awesome, please keep them coming!!!
that s beautiful.
I think its useless wall. After yuan dynasty collaps ( its mongol) ming build the wall again to avoid the other invansion. But in the end, the general of ming who guard great wall open the door to the machu and invade beijing. That so funny
dwiky chandra your door is useless too, becauseit doesn't resist to bazooka,
The emperor should send a trusted general there to guard border instead of the one who had grudges against him. Big mistake.
@@sgcl10658 the Ming dynasty at that point were also weak and incompetent, of course they wouldn't have sent a loyal general.
Because the Last emperor of Ming dynasty had killed himself.
unfinished wall could only be useful to delay the mongol assault and buy china some time to prepare defenses while enemy goes around
The wall at that time is not complete. The Mongols found a few passage to got around. The wall was repair and fix during Ming Dynasty. Mongols never pass them again until china face an internal uprising. Actually, the wall is a great success and serve it purpose well. Especially, prevent raid that more headache that wars.
I heard about that seeing Great Wall of China from the moon way back in the early 90s. School has have many miss information as well my friend
Bless your heart. Great video.
Really amazing videos!
I am from Republic of Kalmykia could you do video about Kalmyk history potentially in future?
Thanks for your educational content:)
The Song Dynasty was mainly defeated by its own internal weaknesses at that time, otherwise the mongols would have no chance.
Hey keep up the great work and do you draw these pictures yourself?
Thank you, it means a lot! Yes, all images and maps are done by me unless I state otherwise. I really enjoy making them, as it means I'm not reliant on what I can find on google images or what other people have done and allow me to show whatever I want. In a lot of cases I'm probably going to be one of the first, or the few, making images of some of the people I discuss, which I find really cool but can be a pain for finding reference images!
Nice and yes keep up the great work as I have followed smaller channels like yourself which then gained large amounts of followers, some within a year (Military History Visualized etc.) You'll be there in no time.
Ye we can pay for wall but u need return land north of it
When the weather got cold, Mongolians’ cattle got killed by freeze snows .Those starving Mongolians always crossed the border to rob Chinese farmers,Because dying in starvation is much more struggle than dying in fighting……….So,Farming civilization and nomadic civilization never lived in peace with each other.
Only the rich had herds. The poor just learn archery. And archery is good for hunting and war.
Love the European medieval music, mate! Most people don’t realize The Mongols ruled a good part of the medieval period.
Great video :)
They just went around the wall
I love your videos
Are ya sure it wasn't really to keep people in as well?
Best videos
My understanding is that the walls were to large degree about taxation. Easier to pay a toll at a gate that to travel all the way around.
They often did have economic function, either through taxation or controlling border trade (such as preventing the Chinese from selling goods to the steppe peoples). However, the walls (especially the Ming walls, perhaps less so earlier earthern walls and ditches) themselves were so expensive to build, man and maintain, offsetting much of whatever economic boon they would have provided.
Yet, this control of border taxation and trade would have been understood as a part of border defense, rather than a separate role of the wall.
Gog and Magog the Giants, so high wall was overkill for regular man height.
In short words:
We went around it
The various great walls of China weren't built to keep out the mongols...they were built to keep out their horses
Mongol came to existence long after the start of building the wall. Before them, Han Chinese put existinction to many invading nomad tribes. The great wall worked for most times.
But I have a question. How was building the wall was unnoticeable to enemy as it was mid way in its construction. I mean as the narrated says the wall was slow process so enemies may have figured the build and attack
There are a few potential reasons:
The wall in its full length took many years to construct, but a local section could be completed quickly: the Ming wall is mainly rammed earth, with a brick covering in sections (and other local materials). A large team can complete a section of rammed earth wall very quickly, and if under guard, disrupting the completion of a section would be difficult. Further, the Great Wall was built in local sections, protecting important points like Beijing initially, and only gradually turned into a fortification for the whole length of the border. When a section is being completed in a certain area, the mentality of the attackers would be to bypass that newly fortified area. Together, that means that preventing the construction of the wall is pointless from the Mongol perspective when they could still bypass it, not realizing that it would eventually turn into the long wall we know it as today.
Another point is that internally, the Mongols were often fighting among themselves (and unlikely to therefore launch a coordinated attack on the wall construction) or, in the later decades of the Ming and Northern Yuan, had a relationship where the trade was open, if funneled through the border posts. Generally the violence occurred when the Chinese sought to cut off Mongol access to Chinese goods, and the Mongols would decide to take them by force. If the access was allowed however, the incentive to attack was minimal.
Altogether, these may have dissuaded Mongol attempts to halt the wall's construction, but it is still possible there was conflict over it: just not enough to ever prevent the Chinese from completing the project.
The issue with China is that ultimately when facing a force like the Mongols, centralization of your nation-state is ultimately a weakness when fighting the Mongols, not a benefit. Focusing your defensive measures into a handful of heavily fortified cities while not relying heavily upon forts with permanent garrisons means that with the fall of each city, huge amounts of territory will be lost with them, allowing the conquering force to expand their area of influence dramatically. One key fortification or city will not halt a Mongol invasion- what you needed was attrition, which was why the Japanese likely would have thrown back the Mongols had they not suffered sea trouble, their venture into South East Asia was a nightmare, and why they didn't really fair so well once they reached central Europe and its fetish by the mid 13th century for stone fortifications.
Wanna throw back the Mongols? Build ten thousand small stone forts with an infuriating amount of redundant defenses and walls, huge amount of rations, and a respectable garrison managed by a local magistrate, and be completely willing as a culture to engage in decades or longer of persistent warfare.
The cost of course is that this level of decentralization and empowerment of local authority via the possession of these stone forts means that, as a King, Emperor, or other reigning elite, you've shot your control over your lands to hell and you're never getting it back in your lifetime. Which means it could backfire, as while the Mongols did not like attrition, they were adept at persuading people to join them and thus avoid war altogether.
Well put. From my reading of Chinese history, it seems trading with the steppe tribes and using economic influence to undermine potential Chinggis-like figures, seems more effective than military campaigning or fortifications. A few individuals like the Yongle Emperor could successfully campaign on the steppe, but as the Mongols did not rely on cities or the like, then Chinese style warfare became much more of a hindrance than anything. See for example the Tumu Crisis, where the Mongols captured the Ming emperor in such a campaign. Otherwise, as Chinggis is alleged to have said, "walls are only as good as the men behind them." Since militarily both offensive and defensive operations against a nomadic enemy like the Mongols will cost huge amounts in men and resources, not to mention time, with significant potential repercussions for the state, just giving them the things they want through trade seems to me a much more cost effective method.
There's also an interesting mirror of what happened in Europe. For centuries the Chinese had used super-heavy cavalry, cataphracts, which while extremely hard to kill and functioning as nigh impenetrable mounted pike blocks or occasionally engaging in charges (but not like mongols or knights, not a couched charge)- were extremely heavy and slow from the degree of armor they wore, which simply reached excessive levels (lamellar plus maille and padding is just a great way to collapse of heat stroke). The Mongol lancer on the other hand was just a completely different unit, a much faster medium-cavalry unit (they primarily just wore lamellar, I can't recall any depiction of them historically looking like Chinese cataphracts) with greater flexibility and using a lance in a couched manner.
Similar to what happened when the Normans clashed with the Romans, with couched lance cavalry mostly running right through Cataphracts (although in this case the Empire survived and adapted its cavalry), the Chinese were simply unable to respond to Mongol-style cavalry tactics and Cataphracts disappear entirely from Chinese history, never to return.
Great Wall as we know it was built during the Ming Dynasty. Question is, why didn't it stop the Jurchen??
Joshua JO the jurchen bribe the guard
Joshua JO
Actually, the guards just let the Jurchen in without a fight.
Jurchen leader joined the Ming army before, he knew the weakness, besides, fortification General Wu capitulated to them.
The Great Wall succefully defended the Jurchen, never failed to stop them. But Chinese farmer riots happened in China, That riot became a great big and it ruined all over the china soon, The last chinese emperor suicided himself before the leader of riot rushed into his forbidden city. After the emperor's dead, The leader of riot tried to bribe the one of the emperor's general who guarded the great wall. But That bribe was totally fail.The general was not interested in the leader's suggestion, Instead, He decided to open the gate for Jurchen and let Jurchen come into China. Jurchen warriors crushed riots and the farmer's leader had to run away and died soon. When Jurchen came into China. They annexed Beijing and they declared they are the new master of china. Yeah. This was time when Qing dynasty of China began.
.Ming dynasty was cracked by Li Zicheng and then wu sangui open the door to Let Qing enter to conquer Li Zicheng.Finally just Qing went to the crown.
You can see the great wall from space. You can't see it from the moon.
That wall didnt build for stop the mongols. that was stop the hun turks.
Act like that Wall wasn't there
Because they literally went around the wall
Hi, who stopped Mongols from invading India & how???
I'm not too familiar with Mongol-Indian conflicts in this period (I'd very like to cover it in future videos though) but I can give a very brief overview of the general themes. It's quite a bit more complex than it is often presented
So in the period roughly from roughly 1220-1330 (when we would consider the people ethnically Mongolian, as opposed to Turko-Mongol in regards to Timur) there were a few times the Mongols considered and attempt invasions in India.
During the early 1220s campaign against the Khwarezmian Empire a few small forces were sent into India proper, around the time that Chinggis Khan was chasing down Jalal al-Din Mingburnu. As the focus was on Central Asia/Iran for this campaign there would not have been any serious thought of fully invading India at this point, and the few small forces who did operate in India did not do well in the heat and humidity, which tended to spread diseases and sickness among the Mongols they were unaccustomed to (this greatly slowed down and stopped their campaigns whenever they encountered this, such as southern China and Vietnam). This seems to have largely put a halt to any full invasion of India in the style of the other Mongolian invasions. My impression was that Chinggis khan was curious about India, but was always too preoccupied to really look into conquering it. to Raids did take place over the following 20 years, but were mainly focused on the Punjab.
In the 1230s, the Mongols took Kashmir, and from there launched a few small invasions into India, and some clashes with the the Delhi Sultanate. But these were never done with enough force to conquer India and I think the Delhi Sultanate beat off a few of the Mongolian forces, or the Mongols were satisfied with their loot and left. All in all, it was no major invasions in this period. The Great Khans after Chinggis were too distracted elsewhere with China, Europe and the remainder of the Middle East to look into a full invasion of India while the empire was united.
Things change a bit towards the end of the thirteenth century: in the 1290s the Chagatai Khanate, or at least a portion of it (the Chagatai Khanate was always very unstable so I don't know if this was just one prince organizing this, or the Khan of the Khanate itself) launched a series of larger invasions into Northern India. By now, the Mongols had acclimatized some to the climate compared to their grandfathers, but did not have the full military ability they had had earlier (decreasing quality of generals and discipline, but still a ferocious foe none the less). These appear to have been more serious undertakings than the earlier raids, but it is unclear to me if they had in mind anything more than looting, or actually did want to conquer a portion of India.
Anyways, Chagatai raids continued through the decade, but the Delhi Sultanate was in this period quite strong militarily, and of course after 1296 Alauddin Khalji came to power, who was able to inflict major defeats on the Mongols.
Khalji victories over the Mongols did not end Mongolian attacks however, and there were raids on Delhi itself over the following years. However the decreasing unity of the Chagatai Khanate made these raids much more infrequent, and the latest was a 1327 siege of Delhi. After that major attacks on northern India seem to have ended, and in the followings years the Ilkhanate (1335) and Yuan Dynasty (1368) collapsed, while the Chagatai Khanate effectively existed only in name, power being almost entirely in the hands of local elites.
In short: India's climate discouraged Mongol attacks in the period of Mongolian unity, who were mostly distracted with campaigns elsewhere. When more concerted efforts were undertaken, the Delhu Sultanate and its leaders, most famously Alauddin Khaliji, were strong enough to generally defeat the Mongols in battle. Mongolian armies that were sent into India seemed to be more for the purpose of raiding rather than actually conquering the subcontinent, raids which ceased with dissolution of the Mongolian empire.
Things of course changed with Timur, but that is another story!
The Jackmeister: Mongol History it seems climate played a major role, On the contrary Arabs and Turks were successful in the conquest of India despite being largely outnumbered in their army numbers
@@shaikimran3926 arabs were not sucessful, only Mongols and TUrks were
@@shaikimran3926 Arabs were pussies getting raped by small armies
The Himalayas
People don't understand that these walls were originally built to keep the "Chinese" out from the Yellow River Basin. Once Qin & Han took over, they destroyed the western & suthern walls. They extended the northern walls to keep the Mong from coming back to their mother land of the Yellow River Basin. The conflict between Mong Shiwei & Mong Jursen [Jin] was between Northern Mong & Southern Mong....not between the Chinese & "Mongols".
金gold was pronounced as gim or Kim back then
Why we call it the Great wall?
Chinese call it the Long wall (长城 - changcheng).
We can call it the Chinese wall or Changcheng.
Just like Piramid, Stonehedge, Yellowstone and so on.
The name "South China Sea" (SCS) is not correct too, it should be "South Asia Sea" (SAS).
wew 1k subscriber
can't hear !
Автор где ПЕРЕВОД ПЕРЕВОД ПЕРЕВОД нам всем тоже интересно
Dude its not true information because when Mongols arent fighting there were Huns
I thought the wall was used to take to trap the Huns.
I am Chinese! In my humble knowledge due to Mongolian loved fighting almost no components liked Han and Tang dynasties!No need the great wall to protect the countries!Mongolian activities outside the great wall no turks or huns came to attack the great wall!So the defense duty of the wall almost nothing!And maintenance or built the wall needed money!No one included Mongolian wasted money for nothing!Mongolian and Han dynasty and Tang dynasty famous in cavalry and arrows shooting!
Northern Wei (of Mulan fame) was actually founded by descendants of the Tabgach Xianbei, i.e.: Proto Mongols :D
If I get the opportunity in the future, I'd really love to do some videos on those earlier, lesser known dynasties which were founded by nomadic peoples in China. It wouldn't be as detailed as my major Mongol series, but I'd love to be able to introduce myself and others to such states. Because of the vague knowledge of 'the Great Wall,' I find lots of people think the northern Chinese/Mongolian border was such impenetrable barrier, but the existence of the Northern Wei, the Liao Dynasty and others demonstrate this was quite the opposite. Hopefully such an opportunity comes!
And tuoba I guess but It wasnt just mongol as I know It was Turco mongol state
@@selengeenesay7449 Aren't the Touba and Tabghach the same?
And Mongols/Xianbei/Huns came from Xia people
The earth is not round and it is not flat! We dont know where we are!
the Earth is hollow and concave.
I would like to have my brain cells refunded.
Someone should show Trump this. Walls don't stop immigration
trump need 1000 years to build such wall..
Khoyyen Poi Trump can't use slave labours like the chinese did, but he has diggers. So I don't think it will take THAT long.
Walls aren't meant to stop those who want to immigrate legally.
This literally says the reason the wall didn't work was because IT WASN'T BUILT YET
Trump may have been forced by the air traffic controller union to re open the government, but one way or another he gonna get your $70 billion tax money to build his wall. And lol Mexico won't pay a dime.
Mongolian Mu no, it was made by the great commander of the Turks, METE Khan.
So we were lied to(some of us)
when the dynasty went weak.he cannot defend the wall.
cuz it was chinese maginot line
MN💙TR
DON'T BUILD WALL!
So the actual Great Wall of China had not been built until 16th century by the Ming Dynasty, according to this video! This truly answered many questions. First, the 2,700-year-old history of China's Great Wall was just a myth because it has been in fact built for only about 500 years since 16th century. Also in 1644, the weakened Ming government was quickly overthrown by the Manchus-a peasant led rebellion marching their army through gates of the Great Wall at “the First Pass under Heaven” (aka shanhaiguan) without any fight! This meant the Ming ironically spent over 100 years building the Wall to defend Mongol invasion ... only let another group of northern foreigners simply march through and take over, starting a new dynasty: The Quing Dynasty! Moreover, during the Sino-Japanese War of 1937-45, it took less than 3 days for the Japanese troops to break through the Wall after having totally defeated the United Chinese Front. Today, thousands of bullet holes can be seen along the Wall from the battle. The last question is: Was the Great Wall of China effective in keeping out foreign invaders? The answer is NO! Because of its ultimate failure, many people around the world, including Chinese people have seen the Great Wall as "an enormously expensive strategic folly." It is in fact said in ancient Chinese folklore, "Even a woman's tears were enough to collapse the Wall." Eventually, the Great Wall of China has sadly become a historic symbol of China's eternal shame and failure. Even Chairman Mao viewing the Wall as a "feudal relic", had actively encouraged farmers to make use of the stones and bricks from the Wall as free construction materials even before the Cultural Revolution and Red Guards. Just tell the truth and stop coloring and sugarcoating it!
Reminds me of Robin William’s joke on illegal immigration and building a wall. 🤣 🤣 🤣
Because the mongols were greater
Wall was constructed against tartars...
Soon:
Chairman Mao is visible from Space
Because it’s not so great
Because of The Mongols long ranged weaponry
Because Great Mongol had powerful army.
And will happen to border wall from Trump he will be remember as the most embarrassed president of the u.s.a and his photo will be in the laughing stock.
ua-cam.com/video/PRi5m4xkuZw/v-deo.html xiongnu/huns
China was expansionist and colonize other country... can this make sense? Any1 respond?
*Lol,not Mongols,they were HUNS,so OUR ANCESTORS,HUNS WERE ANCESTORS OF HUNGARİANS AND TURKS,STOP LYİNG ABOUT THE HİSTORY!*
The Magyars, Huns, and Turkic people rode with the horde in the time of Atilla the Hun. The Huns and Magyars were originally from Central Asia and not European and the ancestors of the Turks were from Asia not the Middle East until they migrated there and intermarried with the local peoples where their descendants became the Hungarians and the Turkish. There is some difference between Turkic and Turkish because linguistically the related languages are Altaic for the Turkic languages and Turkish is not particularly related to any other language linguistically.
because it's "made in china"
Sukma Black the fastest supercomputer in the world is made inChina, not in barbarian country,
hahahha
because several thousand years ago Chinese had known how to used cheap and fake materials to build great wall just like today merchandise, and it certainly failed to stop mongolians invade
Inner Mongolia becomes chinese territory and richer than Mongolian republic,
Because they were lead by Gen... Gen... Genghis Khan....
Hey, rider; ho, rider; go, rider....
Let us follow....
Gen... Gen... Genghis Khan....
All Chinese empire we're cartoon empire real was our empire Lord Genghis khan
who care?
Turks Warrior Better Than Mongols
Because All of Genghis Khan's army is KipchakTurks-TatarTurks-NogaiTurks-KarluksTurk army
Greetings from Kazakhstan
Жәнібек Can Уйсал exactly and first turk dynasty established 700 year before than first mongolian dynasty.
Greetings from Turkey
The importance of the turks to the army of Chinggis Khan
and his successors will be given the detail they deserve in future videos. In this earlier part of the conquest, there were turks in the army but it was mainly Mongolian. In western campaigns though, the Turks were a very important part of the armies, and that will not be glossed over.
The mongols always relied heavily on non-Mongolian forces. In the war in China for example, many thousands of Khitans, Chinese and Jurchen fought for the Mongols, giving them the knowledge necessary to take cities.
It is just easier though to say "mongolian army" than list all the various people in the army. Unfortunately this gives unintended impression of homogenous forces, which was certainly not the case
Greetings from Canada!
The Jackmeister: Mongol History Genghis Khan wanted to revive the Hunnic Empire.Genghis Khan wanted to Turco-Mongol union so he chose military generals from the Turks For example Subedei...
Genghis Khan invited the Oghuz (Turkic) tribes to this union but they did not accept.So the Oghuz tribe in Central Asia migrated to Anatolia Genghis Khan divided his country among his sons.4 countries were formed.
Golden Horde (Turkifield)
Ilkhanate (Turkifield)
Chagatai Khanates (Turkifield)
Yuan Dynasty
Your videos are very successful :)
"haha turan masterrace i will take everything people to whom i am not related to in any way shape or form because i have so much admixture have done as a personal accomplishment, haha tork master race i swear im not missing most of my chromosomes"
Жәнібек Can Уйсал I am Mongolian, you are very curious
Makes u wonder how many Mexican will the great Wall of trump stop? Waste of tax money.
We must rid ourselves of the traitors that want them in.
Why ? Donald Trump wasn't born yet !
Trump wall 🤣
This is really a funny video.
The answer is the great wall of China you see today was build in Ming Dynasty, it's 100 years after the mongolian conquered China.
😂😂😂