The Czechoslovak Legion's Odyssey Through Russia I THE GREAT WAR Special
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- Опубліковано 25 лют 2018
- The Czechoslovak Legion wanted to return home or continue the fight for independence even when peace on the Eastern Front was declared. But they needed to cross the whole of Civil War torn Russia for this.
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» WHAT ARE YOUR SOURCES?
Videos: British Pathé
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Literature (excerpt):
Gilbert, Martin. The First World War. A Complete History, Holt Paperbacks, 2004.
Hart, Peter. The Great War. A Combat History of the First World War, Oxford University Press, 2013.
Hart, Peter. The Great War. 1914-1918, Profile Books, 2013.
Stone, Norman. World War One. A Short History, Penguin, 2008.
Keegan, John. The First World War, Vintage, 2000.
Hastings, Max. Catastrophe 1914. Europe Goes To War, Knopf, 2013.
Hirschfeld, Gerhard. Enzyklopädie Erster Weltkrieg, Schöningh Paderborn, 2004
Michalka, Wolfgang. Der Erste Weltkrieg. Wirkung, Wahrnehmung, Analyse, Seehamer Verlag GmbH, 2000
Leonhard, Jörn. Die Büchse der Pandora: Geschichte des Ersten Weltkrieges, C.H. Beck, 2014
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We need a band of brothers style TV show about this legion
I'd say Generation Kill would be closer, since they both rode stuff (Humvees/train). :)
Richard Mihok I guess that's one for me to check out
I highly recommend it, it has a bit less serious vibe, but also a true story. :)
Yes, HBO mini series based on real events, like Chernobyl, Band of Czechoslovak Brothers, the greatest Story never told
I would watch that in a second.
My grand grand father was artilery oficer in czechoslovak legion and he return back home in 1920 i have diary of his unit from the war in russia from that time . And you have super chanel Great War
Can you show us some of the diary?
My grand grand father from grandma side was on the Siberia with legions too. She told me when I was younger ^^
You must be very proud of your grand grand father.
My great great grand father fought in Russia too. When I was younger, I thought my great grand father.
There is a game that is about to come out that covers the Czechoslovak Legion, it’s called “Last train home”. Should be coming out by the end of November 2023.
played the demo, very promising.
One particularly interesting tidbit about the Czech Legion's flight across Siberia (that hopefully might be seen by TGW team, who knows):
On August 16, 1918, the Czech Legion fought its only naval battle, the Battle of Lake Baikal.
In order to gain full control of the passes along the Circum-Baikal Railway, which ran along the southern shore of the lake, the Legion captured the port of Listvyanka, including two merchant steamers. These the Legion hastily converted into gunboats by installing four field howitzers on their decks. Sailing on the 15th, the Legion's new impromptu navy approached the eastern port of Mysova the next morning in thick fog. At first, the Red Army thought that the approaching ships were friendly supply vessels, allowing the Legion to approach to within 4 km of the port.
Waiting there was the main Soviet power on the lake, the icebreaking train ferry SS Baikal, originally built in 1899 as a failed attempt at an alternative to building the Circum-Baikal Railway and the largest train ferry in the world at the time, which had also been converted to an ad-hoc gunship. Upon realizing their mistake, the Red Army commanders tried to have the Baikal fire on the Czech steamers, but by then it was too late. The Legion's guns opened fire on the port and the railway station, their shots quickly setting fire to the Baikal's wooden superstructure and sinking her. Half an hour after the initial bombardment, an armored train arrived and offloaded field artillery, which attempted to return fire at the Legion's ships, but since their mission of destroying the port and sinking the Baikal was complete, they turned and steamed back to Listvyanka. On the return journey, the Legion ran across the smaller icebreaking passenger ferry SS Angara, yet another gunboat convert, which decided to evade battle rather than engage and potentially meet the same fate as its former running mate, the Baikal.
The Czech Legion's victory effectively eliminated Red Army influence on Lake Baikal and over the railway line along the southern shore. Soviet resistance to the remainder of their journey to Vladivostok was minor at best. News of the Legion's exploits also bolstered Allied efforts to interdict into Siberia on behalf of the White Army, with American, Japanese, British, Italian, and French Colonial (Vietnamese) troops entering the region by autumn 1918 to join with Anti-Bolshevik forces and Cossack warlords to capitalize on the Czech Legion's seizure of the Trans-Siberian Railway.
Well conceived and well presented. Thanks for adding to depth of understanding of this fascinating topic.
FASCINATING
remember, Czechoslovakian legion.
Thanks for sharing this history, absolutely amazing.
Ah yes, our first and only naval battle giving us, a landlocked country, the naval win record of 100%.
Little sad you did not mention Czechoslovak naval victory on lake Baikal, oh well :D
I never even seen CZ or Slovak navy, Not on Dunaj, Not on Morava or Hron...Would be cool to hear about glorious CZ naval accomplishments.
@@just_one_opinion Posadili dela na vory a vysekali bolsevicky lode
I'm interested. What happened?
@@justinh6651 in general czechoslovaks take civil ship armed it with handguns and machine guns and battle regular coast guard of red army and won :D
@@justinh6651 Funny thing is that it was only naval battle in the Czechoslovak/Czech history. So technically, we have 100 % rate of succes in naval battles. What country can say that? :D :D
Incredible story. Truly fascinating. Czech and Slovak people should take great pride in history of the Legion. Long live the heroes! Greetings from Poland to my Czech and Slovak brothers.
Jan Wacławik oh we do thanks
Jan Wacławik thx u too man
Hi
they do not get nearly enough recognition. we think of ourselfs as nation of non fighters an švejks( even him, we cant get right) . its ridiculous.
Salut for our Polish brothers too
Holy cow! Its like a semi modern tale of the 10,000 Greek mercenaries! Hollywood, get on this now!
Indeed, it's gold material
All with cool rail warfare
A train full of angry Czechs and Slovaks rolling slowly through Russia going on shenanigans. What’s not to love? *ignores horrific bloodshed going on around them*
Lord Caelvanir "a lot more complicated than I am able to cover"
Perhaps the greatest love story of the Russian Civil War.
Czechoslovak pain train rollin' through...
A train full of tired Czechs and Slovaks rolling slowly through Russia just wanting to get home and going on shenanigans to pull themselves through
Not many Slovaks though, mostly Czechs...
It's sad to see these soldiers get caught in the Russian revolution- and get hit by both sides while they just wanted to go home. Really makes me stop and think about all the faceless masses now caught in the middle of the civil war. How many of them died in battles or starved because of fight they wanted nothing to do with.... I guess no one escapes the wrath of modern war.
nomobobby Don't you know how they behaved with local people , citizens and peasentry?! They were robbering and killing.. So - no pity for them.
Well, one thing you should remember, they did want to fight, they just wanted to fight Germans and not Russians.
:: shrugs :: same people who were robbing and killing everybody especially each other? No pity for them. Ultimately there is only one way to deal with those who are trying to hurt you, and with barbarians in general.
@Goold Old Days thats really hard accusation, many sources claim the exact opposite = because while Legion didn't really care about civil war and tried to push to Vladivostok as fast as possible, the reds and whites were brutal towards each other, experiencing the real civil war, father fighting son etc. Many poor men joined one of the sides just to plunder after prior harsh years of economic exhaustion.
Dollt28 They actually were used by Antanta in order to ease movement of french troops in Archangelsk with creating new Povolzhsky front throughout Siberian railway. They actually could reach Vladivostok way more faster without this bloodshed with reds. But they were following commands from the French general staff which had never cared about simple czechoslovakian soldier who wanted to go home. So were oficially a part of french forces moving to western front therefore their presence in Russia is nothing but intervention. They as I said could hurry up to Vladivostok when whites have taken over the whole Siberia and railway but they just stuck and helped whites numerous amount of times. Only when Antanta decided that ther is is no use in their bloody puppet Kolchak anymore , they let legionarirs to give him up to reds. The terror and massacres commited by czechoslovakian legion is the loooong story , bro... But worth a look at in order to truly understand the heroism and valor of the legion...
Big shout out from Romania to our Check and Slovak brothers! What they did is the stuff of legend
Only ones who refused to invade Czechslovakia as part of Warsaw pact
@@itshenry8977 bs Albánsko tiež
I can make 6 movies from this:
1. Red Russian point of view
2. White Russian point of view.
3. Czech point of view.
4. Allied point of view.
5. Central powers point of view.
6. Romantic stories of combatants.
Damn, these exploits are worthy if being commemorated in a Band of Brothers style miniseries.
too bad all of them are resting peacefully that could majorily help in making a movie.
Dude, this would be an incredible movie.....
My great grandfather, Antonin Hasal, was in officer in the foreign legion and had numerous stories about his experience fighting and getting across all of Russia.
Thank you very much Indy for doing a video about my country 🇸🇰🇨🇿. 😍
I am working on a Czech subtitles for this video. (Dělám české titulky pro toto video, takže ne že to někdo udělá dřív a má práce pak bude k hovnu :D)
Kejk's Paper-creations neboj se :D
Kde su titulky? Nie zeby som ich potreboval ale casi a slovaci co nerozumeju anglicky cakaju! hmm?
Respektuji profile-pic Augusta Pinocheta
Legion: Can we just go home, we're just foreigners we just wanna leave.
Red and White Russians, simultaneously: *autistic screeching*
No that made me genuinely laugh! =D
In Soviet Russia and Kolchak Russia Home Leaves you
"Fine, we'll just take this train to Vladivostok."
Very interesting. The Czech and Slovaks showed a lot of resourcefulness making back home. They remind me a bit of Xenophon and the march of the 10,000. Here is part of the tale:
------
Stranded deep in Persia, the Spartan general Clearchus and the other Greek senior officers were then killed or captured by treachery on the part of the Persian satrap Tissaphernes. Xenophon, one of three remaining leaders elected by the soldiers, played an instrumental role in encouraging the 10,000 to march north across foodless deserts and snow-filled mountain passes, towards the Black Sea and the comparative security of its Greek shoreline cities. Now abandoned in northern Mesopotamia, without supplies other than what they could obtain by force or diplomacy, the 10,000 had to fight their way northwards through Corduene and Armenia, making ad hoc decisions about their leadership, tactics, provender and destiny, while the King's army and hostile natives barred their way and attacked their flanks.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabasis_(Xenophon)
----
I'm Czech, who directed the Chernobyl serie, should make this Band of Czechoslovak Brothers next, I know, people, don't care how my country came to be, but it's a great story, it would be awesome, if someone filmed it, HBO, go!
What a story ...a real odyssey !
By the way, that guy from 8:10 picture was real badass. I highly recommend to find something about him, you won't regret it ! His name is Radola Gajda. He fought in many battles as commander and even was youngest general of white forces under Kolchak. He maybe could even defeat bolsheviks.
@@stevekaczynski3793 he was fascist yes but he was strongly anti-german. His idol was Mussolini. He was a panslavist we can say. He even changed is name. Radola Gajda is more slavic. His former name was Rudolf Geidl.
Someone should make a film about the Czechoslovak legionaries journey.
Oh man this has been a LONG TIME COMING!!!
DAAAAMN long!
Fun fact:
The legions knew about the Tsar and actually intended to save him. With his support, they could have been granted a safe passage through Murmansk. Sadly, they just didn't make it in time. T.T
Thank you Crew and Indy for a great episode! We have been waiting anxiously for it.
Thank you very much Indy and The Great War team.
And it's just a fabulous coverage! Many Thanks to everybody involved!
Yay! Been waiting for this episode for months.
It's always nice to get a new video from the greatest great war channel.
Perfect. Thank you so much for this great video.
One of themost amazing stories of ww1
That was quite the tale. Thx for showing this to us Indy and team.
This is getting better and better. Thank you for doing this and greetings from Slovakia!!!
This is one of the best episodes you've ever made! and that's saying something!
YES YES YES! I've been waiting for this epic story to show up. THANK YOU!
Thank you so much for this acknowledgement of the Czech Legion. My Grandfather crossed Siberia through to Vladivostok as a Commander of the Legion. My Father, his son, now 92 still tells me stories of the Legion. I have a question. Who are the Czechoslovak Legion Association? Where are they based? Thanks so much. Yana.
I'm impressed with so many photos in such excellent condition.
13 August 2018
My three great great grand-uncles died by Russian hand while serving in the Legions. All your content is awesome, enjoyable and informative, but thank you fir this episode especially.
Oh, man, I've been waiting months for this!
This would make an awesome TV mini-series!
Thanks for making these great episodes about our Legions. Now I can link my foreign friends to these videos, as when we chat about the WWI, they often don't know about Legions at all. My grandmother's uncle was in the Legion in Russia and was among those who returned home via the American way. She said the the first thing he said when he knocked on the home door was "Quickly, make a fire in the backyard, I need to burn this uniform, it's full of lice!" And that's why I have no uniform parts from him, though at least I have his canteen (Austrian issue).
Czech Legion 2: Czechlectric Boogaloo!
I lived in Prague for 4 years, just down the road from the Bank of the legions on na porici. Many rumours abound that it was formed on the finances from one of the railcars full of tsarist gold, but also from the proceeds of many other lucrative financial transactions conducted over the 3 years of the legions journeys back and forth across Siberia...
Martin Švoňava yep, my Czech is rubbish, fluent in bars and restaurants only :)
Its just a myth, it was financed from the money they got from France (since they were officialy soldiers of its army and soldiers dont fight for free, however, money was not their motivation). There is no evidence of gold carried by the legion outside of Russia - in any of the ports the legion went to after leaving Russia (if they choosed to go around China, India and via Suez to Trieste) or when they traveled through the America, same goes for the construction of the building.
A commission present at the hand-over of the russian gold treasure back to the Russians in February 1920 confirmed there was nothing missing from the treasure. However, the legionaires really brought home some money, as they ran various businesses and even plants while occupying towns in Russia.
As a Czech I really appreciate your videos, great work!!!!!
A game called Last Train Home has been made covering this story.
This is amazing.
I´m so happy that you finally do a second part :) thx Andy and the Crow :) amazing story of our nation :) Only what is bad, that less and less people know their story. I hope it will be change, thx to you :)
Epic tale. Intriguing resemblances with the basic plot of Xenophon's 'Anabasis'.
Some even call it "The Siberian Anabasis".
Thank you! My great-grandfather was there
Čech
Now I can say to be proud Slovak I would never be able to do what they have done.
Matej Šoky Já taky ne
be lucky you don't need to
Actually, Slovak soldiers were about 7% in Czechoslovak legions in Russia.
And that makes them somewhat worse?
No.
Foreign legion (whether French or Czech) are always interesting stories of history. Thanks Great War team for both episodes. Keep up the work
Love the old photo's in this one. The legion was quite aesthetic.
My grandfather (who died before I was born) was one of them! I remember going through photographs taken during the odyssey through Siberia.
On one photograph, there was my gradfather's platoon, with some higher officer of the legion in Irkutsk. There was hand written arrow pointing at that officer and "idiot"':) - may be I would be able to find out why my grandfather didn't like that guy-could be an interesting story
I just read about this in a book about the Russian revolution. Great video guys!
The remarkable story of how a brave and unflinching band of soldiers managed to hold off both the Red and White armies while managing to transform itself into a force to be reckoned with during the Civil War is subject worthy of copious expatiation in the pages of history. But I think what this episode underscores is the tenuous hold Lenin and the Bolsheviks had over Russia. The Red Army's officer corp largely consisted of a rabble of disgruntled and highly politicized foot soldiers, ill-trained for the challenge of mobilizing a disciplined and effective fighting force. Their value to the party rested on the strength of their indoctrination with the axioms of Marxism, as such they were too busy organizing meetings of their brigade's soviet, converting troops to the party and most importantly, stressing the fundamental importance of revolutionary agitation to be able to mobilize a professional fighting force capable of offering a serious threat against a skilled adversary.
This phenomenon could be seen in the ineffective performance of the army against the Central Powers in the February offensive of 1918 as well as the experience with the Czechoslovak Legion. The fighting against the latter was even more remarkable if one considers that the Czechs were effectively an army without a nation. They had to resort to the Nineteenth Century practice of foraging for their meals and arms. Yet they still managed to become not only a threat to the Red Army but also a lynchpin to controlling access to Siberia itself.
It also exposes the truth of how weak the opponents of the Bolsheviks truly were. Whether it was Kornilov, Denikin, or Kolchak, these leaders were handicapped by the fact that military figures have historically played no role in the political life in Russia. Generals as well as admirals were inculcated with the belief that their duty was restrictly confined to the practice of military arts and not to preoccuply themselves with matters of the state in general. Consequently, when the opposition fell into the hands of the military these often gruff and unsentimental leaders had a difficult time trying to galvanize public support behind them given their failure to comprehend the importance of establishing positive image of themselves before the people
I've been waiting so long for this video!
thank you so much from czechia.
This channel has been so awesome it deserves an Academy Award!! I had no idea the politics was so convoluted, no wonder the war dragged on. Everyone forgot what they started fighting about. WW2 seems much less complicated politically.
aww I was waiting for the story about the battle on lake Baikal :'(
It wouldn't beat the Battle on lake Tanganyika anyway. :)
My friend, short story about battle on baikal lake.. Czechoslovat two boats with guns sink One russian destroyer out of two, and burn down the harbor.
Our heroes!
Thank you for this video.
Great story!
Finally the Czechoslovak legion
You almost spelled it right,brother.
Keď ju nevidíš sám bola by to strata času.
Tak zasväť ty mňa, je možné že mi niečo uniklo.
Czechoslovak. It would be a mistake to forget about the thousands of Slovaks who fought in the Legion. I believe none of the real legionaries would try to diminish the Slovaks' contribution.
@Jakub Ondruška neudělal chybu, jelikož pojem "Czech legion" je pojem uznávaný a uváděný v anglických a dalších cizo-jazyčných zdrojích, československé legie je název typický pro češtinu a slovenštinu
Top !
AWESOME!!!!!
Great episode as always. I hope you can make a special episode about the Persian front one day.
We do too.
This would make an awesome movie
What great story and one am sure can used as a film or novel.
that was a beautiful story
Today, the last train home got released, a videogame based on this story
A really incredible and fascinating story. Definitely something that the Czechs can be proud of. Something that shouldn't be overlooked.
Finally! What a story!
Very good video :)
PRAVDA VITEZI KLUCI!!!!
XxXtwitchXxX13 In English Plz?
i když na čas poražena bývá ;)
Truth prevails... National motto of the Czech Republic.
Pravda vyděsí.
The story of these Czechs reminds me of the Greek Hoplites that went as mercenaries to fight for that Persian Prince in ancient times only to regrettably lose their client and had to march n fight their was back to Greece itself. And eventually succeeded. Not many stories are that thrilling to read about. Great job.
This is actually really epic and cool story but... the real question is... when will you cover the story of Polish Legions
do you have high quality photos we can license and a good English language secondary source?
That's a good question. I think I can actually provide you with something. Photos shouldn't be a problem since many Legions had their own albums. I have one question though, will you accept german sources?
As for english language secondary sources:
-Piotr J. Wróbel: The Revival of Poland and Paramilitary Violence, 1918-1920
-Willmott, H.P. World war I
-Hetherington, Peter . Unvanquished: Joseph Pilsudski, Resurrected Poland, and the Struggle for Eastern Europe
-Roshwald, Aviel Ethnic Nationalism and the Fall of Empires: Central Europe, the Middle East and Russia, 1914-1923.
English you say? Could it perhaps be phrased utilizing Latin Letters instead? (with only 6 extra letters from English).
Marek: In a language they can use. The alphabet itself is immaterial.
Legiony Polskie 1914 - 1918 by Wysocki, Cygan & Kasprzyk looks to be a photo album concerned with the Polish Legion. Finding a copy might be slightly difficult. Licensing potentially even moreso, I'm not sure. Zwischen Wien und Lemberg by Rzepniewski appears to be written in German, so that ought to be of some use. It seems to have a few chapters concerning the Polish Legions.
I'm Polish. Unfortunately I don't own any books concerning the Polish Legions, but they seem relatively available here in UK from Amazon. I'd be happy to translate, though, if need be.
This would make an amazing movie that needs to happen!
My great great grandfather was a legionare. Sadly, only thing I have from him are stories my great grandmother that she tells me every time I visit her.
Good job, finally something about us .) Reminder of times, when it was not a good idea to mess up with Czechoslovak fighters .)
🇨🇿 TAK PŘÍSAHÁME 🇨🇿
Pravda vítězí!
Svatý Václave, české země vévodo!
Za naše práva znovu veď nás v boj!
Záštito pravdy horoucí a svatá,
veď srdce naše, láskou k vlasti vzňatá
cringe
Bohemia is far superior to chechzia
@@gangiskhan6948 u mean the name ? yea sounds better but it isnt true cuse Czechia is made of 3 parts : Bohemia,Moravia,Silesia.
Hi Indy and the crew! Great job you are doing. I won't talk long so I will get to the point. What was the battle of segale In 1916. I have heard that It was a battle between the ethiopian empire and the british empire but I could'nt find any sort of "deep info" and I was hoping you could cover It. Anyway love the show, keep up the good work
The Zenta6 I just hope Britain didn't get Steamed Roled, like Italy did in late 1890's to late 1900's. (I can't remember the exact date. )
This would make a great movie.
Hi Indy and the crew :D . I finally caught up to the show, been watching since 2016 - episode per episode. Great work :) I have a few questions. 1. Will you have a special about Toplica rebellion? ( I was born in that region - town Prokuplje ) ; 2. Will you have a trip to the Balkans ? (Prokuplje, Niš, Sarajevo, Beograd, Skoplje, Zagreb...) (you have a lot of fans here and the beer is cheap) ;) I hope Flo sees this. Great show once again you make my day. :D
We covered the Toplica uprising.
We might do a trip to the Balkans but can't promise it, yet.
5:30 Imagine if they had known. One of two things might have happened:
1. The Czar and his family would have been executed sooner.
2. The Czar and his family are rescued, and the Bolsheviks collectively say "...uh oh."
Man, someone should make a movie or a miniseries based on the legion's long and harrowing journey.
There were also Serbs in units like this. My great grandfather fled the Austro-Hungarian army and went to Russia. He was first set to work on a farm in Latvia and then he went to Murmansk. He had seen the Russian Tsar in St. Petersburg. He traveled to Vladivostok trough Russia, but didn’t board the ship with a couple of friends because they were afraid of submarines. Than they traveled trough the Kyzylkum dessert, seen the Aral Sea, and went to the Caspian lake. After some time he finally arrived to Dobrudja in Romania where he fought for the freedom of Serbia. There is a lot more details in the story.
What a mess. Though the got to see the world in the end.
This would be a great film
Can aou make video about Radola Gajda?
My granuncle was a colonel there... I'm so proud!
Crazy story!
Father of my grandfather made this Siberian anabase and come home and made my grandfather - talking for me stories about this. We have legionar metal cross for brave. I am proud for Czechoslovak legionars and hid Sibberian Oddisei. Veritas vincit fratribus = Pravda víťazí bratia! Heloo from (Czecho) Slovakia
Zdár jak Češi tak Slováci 😁
Zdár z Kolumbie!
Zdár, jak Češi tak Severomaďaři
Zdár, jak Protektoráti tak Severní Uhry :D
@@sajc8758 Aspoň niekto vie ako sa správne formulujú názvy našich krajín :D
Kudy se jde na Žďár, dědečku? - Co, panáčku, co? - Kudy se jde na Žďár? - Co, panáčku, co? - Kudy se jde NA ŽĎÁR!? - A jo, nažďár, naždár. ;-)
+TheGreatWar Maybe you should consider making a bio special about Jaroslav Hašek - author of The Good Soldier Švejk. He was captured on Eastern front, joined Czechoslovak Legions, than Red Army (as some Legionaries did). After the war he came back from Russia with his second wife (but never divorced the first one) and died 3 years later. His own WW1 story adds another interesting context for the book he wrote.
Hey indy could please do a special on the Newfoundland regiment ( the fighters of my province)? Keep up the great work!
Needs to be a movie.
2:31 LOL. Hi 'rock', meet 'irresistible force'. From what my dad told me about serving along side Czech pilots in WWII, sounds on par.
I salute!
For those people who are in czech republic, every year (until 2020) there is a LegionTrain (Search Legiovlak) which is something i attended where you learn about the history of the legion
Hey, look everyone! Henry has come to visit us!!