👻 Watch "This is Halloween" (Mundus Pateat) in Latin! ua-cam.com/video/5bu4PVbzDlg/v-deo.html 🎃 from the Nightmare Before Christmas, all whose songs we are doing entirely in Latin: ua-cam.com/play/PLU1WuLg45SiwuGR1H6ZRhLvusm1iQN7ay.html Enormous thanks to Stefano Vittori 🐌 who supplied the explanation of the Mundus Patet ritual of Roman religion; Stefano writes: "Mundus patet is what is written on religious calendars in correspondence with three days during the year (August 24, October 5, November 8 ) when the mundus Cereris, a sacred well digged in the center of each town, is open by Ceres' priest (the "cānus senex" of the song). This well is placed in the exact crossing point of Cardo and Decumanus (the "quadrivium" which the citizens of Cucurbs, Halloween Town, surround, "circumsistunt"). The well, representing both the universe (mundus, "world"), an introverted altar (the only altar that was inscribed in the inner part instead of the outer one), and an uterus, and consecrated to the Manes, gods of the underworld, once opened lets the souls of the dead to go beyond the limit between the world of the dead and that of the living." THE COSMIC ORIGIN OF A MUNDANE WORD This topic was extensively researched, and may be verified at various sources, including: Georges Dumézil "Archaic Roman Religion" : www.amazon.com/gp/product/0801854806/ref=as_li_qf_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=lukeranieri-20&creative=9325&linkCode=as2&creativeASIN=0801854806&linkId=12083c3c3cfaa567e19a6ed91fdff5f5 www.etymonline.com/ www.wiktionary.com/ Thanks for watching, liking, and sharing this video! 🧛♂️ 🐺 Happy Halloween! 🎃 👻
@@danielmanukian3026 Of course I know. It derives from an indoeuropean root which means something like order. The world exists according a perfect order, the peace , meant as lack of war, is a shape of order as well. The greek word "Kosmos" is atrictly correlated. Ciao!
Thanks so much! Gosh, I feel like I’m only scratching the surface! 😅 I could have talked about this for an hour and barely got started - these connexions are endless and endlessly fascinating
I cant put into words how perfect this channel is for someone like me. Historical linguistics, language learning, and etymologies are 3 of my favorite things in the world. Thank you!
in russian, the word “svet” is also used in the meaning of “world”. there are stable expressions, phraseological units: «поведать всему свету»(povedat’ vsemu svetu) -“tell the whole world" «объездить весь свет»(ob’ezdit’ ves’ svet) "travel around the whole world" and many others. P.s. your video is awesome and megainformative as usual ❤️
Да! You're quite right. Pardon my oversimplification - indeed, свет is also used, as you pointed out. I just liked to emphasize dthe different usage in Russian, since the beautiful Slavic languages tend to have so much in common most of the time. Thank for the comment! Спасибо большое!
In modern Russian the word "свет" might mean "world" only in idiomatic expressions and in poetry. In a regular speech, outside idiomatic expressions, the word "свет" is usually not used with the meaning "world".
@@polyMATHY_Luke but also there's 1 moment though. The root миръ or mir is present also in other Slavic languages besides Russian with the same meaning of peace and world simultaneously. I can say for Ukrainian for sure (still Wiktionary says it is present in many Slavic languages), except it's pronounced a bit different (cuz Ukrainian "и" is like English "i" in the word fist for example, or like it's writtien in IPA for the word мир: /mɪr/)
thanks Luke for this awesome video! just a sidenote from another language family: in Hungarian (Finno-Ugric family) 'world' and 'light' are also connected etymologically. We say 'világ' for 'world' and in phraseological units it still has its original meaning of 'light': e.g. 'a szeme világa' [~light of his/her eyes] is a fancy and poetic way to say sight; or 'világra jönni' [~to come to light] is for 'to be born'. Fun fact: 'világ' [light/world] derives from the same root as 'virág' [flower/blossom] - just imagine a field full of flowers, like tiny light spots on a green canvas :)
4 роки тому+78
Interessante come sempre! Loving these etymology videos.
Etmologia de palavras é algo interessantíssimo. Muito boa a sua pronúncia da palavra "mundo" em português, onde termina com "o" mas no cotidiano pronúncia-se como "u".
8:48 You can also use ''Свет'' to mean ''World'' in Russian. It will sound either more old-fashioned or more poetic depending on the context. It is also used in children's books and encyclopedias a lot. For example: ''Всему свету известно" - "It is know to the whole world" "Во всём свете не найдёшь" - "You will not find it in the entire world'' '''Таких животных нет на свете'' - "The are no such animals in the world''
I've known (=believed) for quite some time that the matching masculine word for a WIFE in English is the word WIRE but that it was deprecated for the word HUSBAND many centuries ago and fell into disuse (in that sense, but _wire_ still means a cable, cord length of string, or even a message sent by telegraph). I absolutely love etymologies - keep it up, Luke!
Luke! You are awesome. I have been following you for a quite while. And you kindled the spirit in me to restart learning Latin which I was so passionate about once. Thank you! Luke. Always keep that light shining.
3:39 In Hindi, there's वीर (vīr), meaning "hero, brave one", from Sanskrit in which it also meant "man" (meaning not used like that in Hindi because there are other ways to say "man" now).
You just made me think... Luke means Light...so in Star Wars Luke Skywalker symbolized the Light and his father, Darth Vader (Dark Father) the Darkness...wow! All these decades and it took your comment for me to make that connection... thanks!
It's like in Greek mythology, the Goddess Hemera is the day and her brother Aether is the upper sky, and the air the gods breathe. Then, their mother Nyx is the night and her husband Erebus is the darkness.
Super intetersting, love it! As a Lithuanian speaker I found it interesting how Slavic languages have the word for world as "sviet", when in my own Samogitian dialect there's a word 'svieta'. It's a very old fashioned, it can as well mean world, but now usually means people, like a group of people. I think it's related to 'šviesa', which means light, just as the proto-Slavic word. But the current word for us is "pasaulis", which literally means 'under the sun'. "Saulė" being sun and "pa-" denotes being under or near something, so you get "pasaulis". It's the same in Latvian, "pasaule". Thank you again, Luke, for the great video!
Lithuanian "saule" is similar and closer to Latin "sol" and Slavic (Croatian) sunce [pronounced as: suntse] = sun, in English. Also in German language, as I remember "helles" means "bright" and in Greek is sun "helios". Or word "echte" in German is in Greek: "etteo" ... and we know what hell means in English. Word sister is sestra in Croatian. How you say in Lithuanian? And what is in Lithuanian word pa - in Croatian is: pod, or ispod, meaning under. "Pod" can also be = "ground". Sjedio je na podu.= He was sitting on the ground.
@@krunomrki interesting! The word sister in Lithuanian is sesuo. Similar to Croatian. And also, pa- is not a word, it's a suffix that is added to a word, and now it usually means near something, but can mean under as well. So like "pajūrys" literally means "near-sea" but it actually means coastline, with 'jūra' being sea. The word for under is "po" or in the Samogitian dialect "puo", much closer to Croatian pod. An example would be "jis stovi po tiltu"= he is standing under a bridge.
@@krunomrki bridge = tiltas, the -u ending is as well instrumental, like in Croatian. But in a very dialectal way, the sentence can be "ans stovi po tiltu"
Luke, it's incredible how well you can pronounce Portuguese words (I'm Brazilian and I loved your "mundo"). Such an interesting and informative video, thank you!
@@polyMATHY_Luke pax vobiscum = мир вам ; the same to you = и тебе того же / и Вам того же Thak you, очень интересно = amazing = beeindrückend, spannend
In 13 years at school and several years full of studies I thought I've learned a lot. But then I watch your videos and realize: the best is yet to come. I swear, I'm your biggest fan. 🤣 Can't wait for the next one.
Loved the video. Just wanted to point out something, in Portuguese we say "dar à luz" to mean "to give birth", but what it literally translates to is "give [the newborn] to the light". This doesn't really have much to do with the video, but i found it nice how it kinda correlates with the slavic words for world and light being the same haha.
what wonderful language nerd of a guy! A man after my own heart! Love how excited you get about words, they affect everything I believe, even when we don't know their nuanced and ancient meanings. Keep teaching!!!! Blessings
Very cool man! Love to see how passionate you are about the topics, makes me feel much less of a weirdo for liking this kind of thing so much hahah, it means the world !
The Russian word «мир» has two meanings - peace and world, but that's because two different words joined in one spelling in the 20th century. Before 1918 the world was spelled «мiръ» and the peace was spelled «миръ». Then, the letter i was omitted from the alphabet and both meanings became «мир». So that SHOULD mean these two meanings have different etymology, but I can't affirm that, because I don't know for sure.
Russian *миръ* "peace" and *мiръ* "world" do have the same etymology, though. Originally these are *two meanings* of *one lexeme* . The common meaning is лад, порядок, согласие, соразмерность (harmony, agreement, accord, order, arrangement, proportionality, setting). The orthographical difference is from the Russian redaction of Church Slavonic, where orthography is more artificial than in Old (Church) Slavonic and serves to discern not only lexical, but even grammatical homonyms. In Old (Church) Slavonic (IX-XI A.D.) there are not such subtleties: "миръ" stands for both εἰρήνη and κόσμος. P.S. So the Russian *мир* (world) agrees with Old Slavonic миръ (world) and that is an archaism, not an innovation. _Palaeoslavonicum vero_ свѣтъ is "light", as the Russian *свет* .
That’s so interesting! I never knew Cyrillic used to have the letter i. Since I learned the alphabet, I’d figured it had always been the backwards n и. Very very cool history lesson. Since you say 1918 I’m guessing it has to do with the Bolsheviks eh? They reformed the alphabet after they seized power in the October Revolution?
I just discovered this channel and I’m pleasantly surprised. I love the etymology of words as well. That was a very nice overview of Germanic, Romanic, Greek and Slavic. Congrats and lots of success!
I found out the other day that "tail" in ancient Greek is "ouros" which is actually the same word as arse in English and in German.They are both located down the end of a body!Also the Latin word for 'fox" which is Vulpes is closely related to the English and German words "wolf" -two closely related canids.The English word 'deer' which refers to a specific animal- in German the word "tier" refers to animals in general.Disc is the same word as desk and tisch because each is flat-also dish.
This is also exactly what I do in my spare time. I look for the patterns and connections among the words in different languages. Cognates, false friends, calques, auto-antonyms, etymologies. I also find it interesting because when you begin to analyze a word, you're able to form a web and in another sense, let yourself become lost in translation
Candle went out 😜 Dear Luke Amadeus, another great video, thanks! As a native Slovene speaker, just a tiny correction: it's written 'svet' (without 'u' at the end). In our language it can mean 'the world' as in Earth, or cosmos, or it can even be generalized as a sort of 'inner world' or 'experience'. The other meaning of the same word is 'holy'. Both meanings are undoubtedly connected to the word 'svetel', meaning 'light' / 'bright'. 🌞🗺😇
Luke, sei un ottimo comunicatore, pur affrontando argomenti di etimologia e semantica, comunemente definiti "pallosi", sai affrontarli con competenza e narrazione leggera e gradevole, interessante. avanti così.
Thank you for your another amazing video! I just have to kindly correct one little detail: Slovene word for 'world' is 'svet' (at least in nominative), not 'svetu' (which is its dative form). I love your etymology content, it is clear, logical and fun! Inspiring.
In romanian, we have ”lume” for world and it is from lumen= light (latine). Why? Probably, after night, when the sun rise, the world starts to exist and we can see it.
I disagree. Lume means people, and only by extension it started to mean the Globe/Earth. But you can't call the Universe / Space, lume. "E o lume mare" = Its a big world. Yes, but it refers to the Earth (inhabited by people).
@Robzah Still, this implies living beings. "E multa lume" (there a re a lot of people), "Lume buna" (good people). You cannot transfer the concept of (and thus the term of) world / universe to people (you cannot refer to a group of people as "world"). But you can do the vice-versa since the Earth is full of people. That's my point: that lume means people, and only by extension it means world / planet, and only by a lack of any other term it can be used for Universe. So the light (lumen) doesn't come from stars, but from the light humans produce (walking outside villages, at night, if you see light in the distance, it means there are people there).
@Robzah "are pitici pe creier" (he has dwarfs on his brain), or those conspiracies which said nazis live on the moon, or in an underground world. or that we assummed there are martians with human appearance. Its in our instinct to be egocentric, to see everything with us in the middle. That;s why it makes sense that the term for world is an extension of the term people. It makes no historical sense that humans-romanians assumed there are other living planets / dimensions - alternate Universes, in order to refer to humans as "worlds". These are modern scientific discoveries. Thus it makes no sense to call people "lume" like they come from another planet/universe.
Well not exactly, probably comes from Rome. In Rome, the genius was the incarnation of the people of Rome (per example Augustus attributed himself this title for saying that he was Rome itself) and the genius of rome was the lux mundi, the light of World, the knowledge (in fact the illuminists called themselves after the "light of the thinking")
In Romanian, "lume" also came to mean civilization or people. Because wherever there was light at night, that’s where people can be found. But it is still interesting to read all the other theories in this thread.
@@polyMATHY_Luke o poly capisce italiano te perché voglio spiegare che mund mundi mun mundohem mundohu che spiegacione in un altra lingua che te non lo conosce e deve dire fatica. Poi se e meunda deve dire me u nda che significa e separato. E parola Miri deve dire il buono e anche bravo invece Mir significa meglio e bene e quando sei meglio e bene puoi dire anche pace ma non sono in rusia sono de la lingua più vecchia in Europa. Se hai un po' tempo mi puoi spiegare qui 2 secondi etimologia de la parola lingua apri tutti libri dei Romani e Bizantino e anche vecchia glossos Grecia ce e lo stesso significato glun gluh glon glos gua gjuha gje-lun gje-los che anche i greci non lo sanno il significato ciao e ti saluto fra poco esce chi e lingua madre di Europa
I always use the things you say for my Latin lessons since my teacher is obsessed with the etymologies (and I am as well) and it helps me soooo much, thank you!!
The connection of Luke to Latin lux is very spread in English but doubtful at best. There were two common names in Latin: Lucius (related to Lux, Lucio in Italian with a soft c) and Lucas (related to Lucanus, from Lucania, from the Greek Λουκάς; Luca in Italian, with an hard c). The latter, Λουκάς , is the name of the Greek doctor that wrote the gospel, and the most likely origin of Luke as a name in English-speaking countries. It is true that there have been hypocorism between Lucius and Lucas (in classical Latin the pronunciations were particularly similar) and likely the connection with Lux helped the diffusion of the name. But as Luke come to English from the evangelist, the root "From Lucania" is much more likely than "Bright". Also because Lucius was a very common prenomen in Rome but it was not a name in Greece.
Great video! With regards to the list of words derived from *men at around the 2:00 mark, I'll try to provide cognates in an Indo-Aryan language, Marathi. "माणूस " means "man" in Marathi. "मन" means 'mind', and मंद means "stupid" in Marathi too.
@@polyMATHY_Luke Luke- seriously your videos are inspiring me to start studying Latin. I've studied about five other languages but no "ancient" languages ;-) Your enthusiasm is really infectious! I'm ordering Lingva Latina now :)
Exactly what I'm into and what I'm thinking about every single day! It's incredible how everything's connected and how WE're all connected 🧬🗣️ Your videos give me goosebumps! You're creating an amazing content, Luke! 🎃
You’re right! That’s a great suggestion. Haha last night I was so tired I didn’t even remember everything I said. 😅 I appreciate the comment! I’ll do that next time.
Man, your channel's awesome. I'd seen the origin of ciao video and it'd already blew my mind and then after UA-cam recommended me this one I knew I had to subscribe. Hope you reach at least a million subscribers soon!
By the way: great video. I like your videos, because it is evident that you are person of very large and extensive knowledge with an ability and the need of understanding the things and words in deep (in profundis et ex origines). Today this is a very rare phenomena. Congratulations! and keep going with your excellent work.
In Estonian and Finnish, the word for 'World' (Maailm/Maailma) is a compound of Earth and Air (maa + ilm/ilma). In Latvian and Lithuanian, the word for 'World' (Pasaule/Pasaulis) simply means ''under the sun''. But in Latvian, the afterlife is in Aizsaule : behind the sun.
I love these videos man, I think it would also be interesting if did videos about words like, 'tree' or 'sugar', that are common in all indo- European languages that I am familiar with
@@polyMATHY_Luke Sugar would ve especially interesting because it also has cognates in the Farsi شکر (shekar) and Arabic سوگر (sugar). I'm pretty sure I mispelled the Arabic lol but you get the idea
Dear Luke, let me take the opportunity to thank you and to congratulate you for these language series!!! Being a language lover and admirer myself I really admire and enjoy your work. May I add, just in case it is interesting, that in Greek GER - (pronounced YER-) is the root for the word GERON (YERON, ΓΕΡΩΝ in ancient Greek)meaming OLD. It sounds to my ears very close to the WERE as in WEREWOLF both in meaning and in sound. Is this remark helpful at all? Keep up the good work!
Great stuff! I may be biased but the Romanian word is great. So Protoromanians saw how Slavs called it and said "we will use the word with the same meaning as you but using our Latin vocabulary".
Very interesting video about etymology. You make a lot of connections among many languages, of course, Latin included :). By the way, it would be great if you could make a video for Christmas related to Latin, the corresponding Romans celebration or etymology related to the words used these dates. I could use it to congratulate the holidays to my geek friends :D
In Russian world is "mir" but the end of the world is called "konets svjeta ". Translated to English it means "end of (the) light". It is also posible to say "konets mira" what means end of (the) world.
(copying my comment in here after I accidentally posted it on the wrong video sorry) Hi! I'm guessing you already know this, but in case you don't I think you'll find it interesting that in Serbo-Croatian there are a couple of words for "space/universe" with different dialectal distributions. There's "svemir" in standard Croatian (lit. "all-peace"), and the Serbian "vasiona" (lit. "all-populated"). In both words, the first morpheme (sve/vas) comes from Proto-Slavic *vьśь (all), apparently from PIE *(h₁)wiḱ- (clan, settlement, extended family). I'm sure there are cognates for both of these in most, if not all, Slavic languages. Anyway, love your channel, great content and excellent presentation. I wanna thank you for enlightening me on Classical Latin pronunciation, I was taught Roman pronunciation in high school and although I knew there was this other system out there I was never told why, and back then I admit I didn't care that much. But I do now that I'm studying linguistics, and I've instantly converted to Classical. Still getting used to it. Speaking of Latin, I have a question if you don't mind - was Classical Latin syllable-timed or mora-timed? I'm finding conflicting answers online, although most say it was syllable-timed, with the exception of poetry which was influenced by the definitely mora-timed Greek. But what about vowel length in spoken language then, in your videos you explain how crucial it is to acknowledge different vowel lengths, and I agree, but if we treat long vowels as lasting roughly twice as long as short vowels, doesn't that make the language mora-timed? Maybe I'm just not understanding the concept of a "mora" right. I only recently started a linguistics master's, in my defense. Maybe you or someone in the comments can enlighten me. Well this comment got away from me huh. Thanks again from a fan in Split, just outside Diocletian's palace :)
In Polish: świat - world, światło - light, świeca - candle. The word "świecki" is derived from "świat" and means "secular" ("wordly") but sounds more similar to "świeca". There is an absurd joke, that says that secular songs are the ones that are sung with a candle in your hand.
In Romanian, Earth is "Pământ" (from Pavimentus, the down surface, ground), while "Lume" mostly means people (imagine walking at night, seeing light far away means there are people there). But it extended to mean the Globe, since its full of people. Its a bit of a stretch to call the universe "lume". But in any case, i think the light comes from humans, not the stars. ( we humans are the stars, if you want a poetic spin on it )
@@johnsmith-nv4sb Makes sense. But i'm curious if (in Slavic languages), "Svet" or how the "World" is called, also signifies "people" (?) As in: -"Nu merge, e lume multa" = "Don't go, there are too many people". -"Lume buna aici" = (There are) Good people here.
Very curious and engaging! More of stuff like that please! I'll contribute Lithuanian "vyras" -- man (as in male human, warrior), husband, and "mintis" (thought).
10:00 actually in russian we use the word "свет" for the "world" too but it is rare and pretty eloquent and if we'll research the russian pre-revolution orthography we'll see that word "мир" spelled differently in both meanings: миръ - peace міръ - world but unfortunately i dont know etymology of both, but they seem to be different just like russian words for bow and onion - "лук"
👻 Watch "This is Halloween" (Mundus Pateat) in Latin! ua-cam.com/video/5bu4PVbzDlg/v-deo.html 🎃
from the Nightmare Before Christmas, all whose songs we are doing entirely in Latin: ua-cam.com/play/PLU1WuLg45SiwuGR1H6ZRhLvusm1iQN7ay.html
Enormous thanks to Stefano Vittori 🐌 who supplied the explanation of the Mundus Patet ritual of Roman religion; Stefano writes:
"Mundus patet is what is written on religious calendars in correspondence with three days during the year (August 24, October 5, November 8 ) when the mundus Cereris, a sacred well digged in the center of each town, is open by Ceres' priest (the "cānus senex" of the song). This well is placed in the exact crossing point of Cardo and Decumanus (the "quadrivium" which the citizens of Cucurbs, Halloween Town, surround, "circumsistunt"). The well, representing both the universe (mundus, "world"), an introverted altar (the only altar that was inscribed in the inner part instead of the outer one), and an uterus, and consecrated to the Manes, gods of the underworld, once opened lets the souls of the dead to go beyond the limit between the world of the dead and that of the living."
THE COSMIC ORIGIN OF A MUNDANE WORD
This topic was extensively researched, and may be verified at various sources, including:
Georges Dumézil "Archaic Roman Religion" : www.amazon.com/gp/product/0801854806/ref=as_li_qf_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=lukeranieri-20&creative=9325&linkCode=as2&creativeASIN=0801854806&linkId=12083c3c3cfaa567e19a6ed91fdff5f5
www.etymonline.com/
www.wiktionary.com/
Thanks for watching, liking, and sharing this video! 🧛♂️ 🐺 Happy Halloween! 🎃 👻
"GENIO Y FIGURA": old saying in Spagnol
I'll do it , as soon as posible.
U know in Russian MIR means also world
@@danielmanukian3026 Of course I know. It derives from an indoeuropean root which means something like order. The world exists according a perfect order, the peace , meant as lack of war, is a shape of order as well. The greek word "Kosmos" is atrictly correlated. Ciao!
@@danielmanukian3026 Da ja znaju. Poka!
Loved it! 💚I didn't expect you to mention the Slavic word! I was positively surprised!! 🎃
I’m glad! 😃
Seeing a UA-camr commenting in other UA-camr video is a humble act. Thank you both for sharing your amazing work!
Luke is so absurdly UNthreatening that his cackling is even more comical.
Hahaha thanks! 😆
Which is even more interesting given that he also kills people irl :)
@@cerberaodollam wuy
@@lorenzoterribile3953 Well not exactly. He serves in the air force or something. But that doesn't mean he kills people on a daily basis.
This channel is spectacular. I really wish more people talked about languages as in-depth as you do.
Thanks so much! Gosh, I feel like I’m only scratching the surface! 😅 I could have talked about this for an hour and barely got started - these connexions are endless and endlessly fascinating
Check out Simon Roper's channel, he's very good too!
@@polyMATHY_Luke connexion?
@@appleslover apparently British English alternative spelling, didn't know it either :)
@@appleslover
con = with
nexus = center < ned = bind, tying
I cant put into words how perfect this channel is for someone like me. Historical linguistics, language learning, and etymologies are 3 of my favorite things in the world. Thank you!
Thanks so much for being here! I really appreciate your comments. More to come! 🎃😃
in russian, the word “svet” is also used in the meaning of “world”. there are stable expressions, phraseological units: «поведать всему свету»(povedat’ vsemu svetu) -“tell the whole world"
«объездить весь свет»(ob’ezdit’ ves’ svet) "travel around the whole world" and many others.
P.s. your video is awesome and megainformative as usual ❤️
Да! You're quite right. Pardon my oversimplification - indeed, свет is also used, as you pointed out. I just liked to emphasize dthe different usage in Russian, since the beautiful Slavic languages tend to have so much in common most of the time. Thank for the comment! Спасибо большое!
In Serbian the word "свет" (lat. svet) also means "world". We still use it.
In modern Russian the word "свет" might mean "world" only in idiomatic expressions and in poetry. In a regular speech, outside idiomatic expressions, the word "свет" is usually not used with the meaning "world".
@@polyMATHY_Luke but also there's 1 moment though. The root миръ or mir is present also in other Slavic languages besides Russian with the same meaning of peace and world simultaneously. I can say for Ukrainian for sure (still Wiktionary says it is present in many Slavic languages), except it's pronounced a bit different (cuz Ukrainian "и" is like English "i" in the word fist for example, or like it's writtien in IPA for the word мир: /mɪr/)
In Bosnian "world" means "svijet"
Man, subscribing to this channel has been one of my life's best decisions
Aw thanks! You’re very welcome here!
thanks Luke for this awesome video! just a sidenote from another language family: in Hungarian (Finno-Ugric family) 'world' and 'light' are also connected etymologically. We say 'világ' for 'world' and in phraseological units it still has its original meaning of 'light': e.g. 'a szeme világa' [~light of his/her eyes] is a fancy and poetic way to say sight; or 'világra jönni' [~to come to light] is for 'to be born'. Fun fact: 'világ' [light/world] derives from the same root as 'virág' [flower/blossom] - just imagine a field full of flowers, like tiny light spots on a green canvas :)
Interessante come sempre! Loving these etymology videos.
Grazie mille, Tom! 😃 🇮🇹 Sono sempre contento di vederti qui.
Etmologia de palavras é algo interessantíssimo. Muito boa a sua pronúncia da palavra "mundo" em português, onde termina com "o" mas no cotidiano pronúncia-se como "u".
This is quickly becoming one of my favorite channels
You're quickly becoming one of my favorite subscribers! 😃Thanks for the comment. 🎃
@J D Aw thanks! 😃 I really appreciate it.
8:48 You can also use ''Свет'' to mean ''World'' in Russian. It will sound either more old-fashioned or more poetic depending on the context. It is also used in children's books and encyclopedias a lot.
For example:
''Всему свету известно" - "It is know to the whole world"
"Во всём свете не найдёшь" - "You will not find it in the entire world''
'''Таких животных нет на свете'' - "The are no such animals in the world''
I love etymology. This was a wonderful dive into this "world". The connections made are so fascinating. Thank you for creating this delightful video.
I've known (=believed) for quite some time that the matching masculine word for a WIFE in English is the word WIRE but that it was deprecated for the word HUSBAND many centuries ago and fell into disuse (in that sense, but _wire_ still means a cable, cord length of string, or even a message sent by telegraph). I absolutely love etymologies - keep it up, Luke!
Luke! You are awesome. I have been following you for a quite while. And you kindled the spirit in me to restart learning Latin which I was so passionate about once. Thank you! Luke. Always keep that light shining.
Its heartwarming to see how passionate you are about languages. Keep it up my friend!
Thanks!
3:39 In Hindi, there's वीर (vīr), meaning "hero, brave one", from Sanskrit in which it also meant "man" (meaning not used like that in Hindi because there are other ways to say "man" now).
You just made me think... Luke means Light...so in Star Wars Luke Skywalker symbolized the Light and his father, Darth Vader (Dark Father) the Darkness...wow! All these decades and it took your comment for me to make that connection... thanks!
Wow!
🤯
It's like in Greek mythology, the Goddess Hemera is the day and her brother Aether is the upper sky, and the air the gods breathe. Then, their mother Nyx is the night and her husband Erebus is the darkness.
Super intetersting, love it! As a Lithuanian speaker I found it interesting how Slavic languages have the word for world as "sviet", when in my own Samogitian dialect there's a word 'svieta'. It's a very old fashioned, it can as well mean world, but now usually means people, like a group of people. I think it's related to 'šviesa', which means light, just as the proto-Slavic word. But the current word for us is "pasaulis", which literally means 'under the sun'. "Saulė" being sun and "pa-" denotes being under or near something, so you get "pasaulis". It's the same in Latvian, "pasaule". Thank you again, Luke, for the great video!
Lithuanian "saule" is similar and closer to Latin "sol" and Slavic (Croatian) sunce [pronounced as: suntse] = sun, in English. Also in German language, as I remember "helles" means "bright" and in Greek is sun "helios". Or word "echte" in German is in Greek: "etteo" ... and we know what hell means in English. Word sister is sestra in Croatian. How you say in Lithuanian? And what is in Lithuanian word pa - in Croatian is: pod, or ispod, meaning under. "Pod" can also be = "ground". Sjedio je na podu.= He was sitting on the ground.
@@krunomrki interesting! The word sister in Lithuanian is sesuo. Similar to Croatian. And also, pa- is not a word, it's a suffix that is added to a word, and now it usually means near something, but can mean under as well. So like "pajūrys" literally means "near-sea" but it actually means coastline, with 'jūra' being sea. The word for under is "po" or in the Samogitian dialect "puo", much closer to Croatian pod. An example would be "jis stovi po tiltu"= he is standing under a bridge.
@@justames5979 "jis stovi po tiltu"= "on stoji pod mostom"; bridge =most (-om ending for instrumental case)
@@krunomrki bridge = tiltas, the -u ending is as well instrumental, like in Croatian. But in a very dialectal way, the sentence can be "ans stovi po tiltu"
In French « monde » can also mean people. E.g., il y avait beaucoup de monde à la messe, there was alot of people at mass.
In spanish too. "Aquí todo el mundo viste igual" .."everybody here dress the same" ¡¡Todo el mundo a casa!!" " Everybody go home!!"
In portuguese too: "Onde está todo o mundo? (Where's everybody?)"
În Romanian "lume" also has this meaning of "people".
I was thinking about that too. Then began wondering about “immonde” meaning filthy/foul 🤔
In Greek too and judging by the comments it's probably the same in all the languages :P or at least in many of them.. I don't want to generalize :P
Luke, it's incredible how well you can pronounce Portuguese words (I'm Brazilian and I loved your "mundo"). Such an interesting and informative video, thank you!
Obrigado, Onírico! 😃 Gosto muito do Brasil e do idioma português. 🇧🇷
*Миру - мир!* (miru - mir!) - Peace to the World!
А к тебе! 🕊
@@polyMATHY_Luke pax vobiscum = мир вам ; the same to you = и тебе того же / и Вам того же
Thak you, очень интересно = amazing = beeindrückend, spannend
@@polyMATHY_Luke и тебе
In 13 years at school and several years full of studies I thought I've learned a lot. But then I watch your videos and realize: the best is yet to come. I swear, I'm your biggest fan. 🤣 Can't wait for the next one.
Loved the video. Just wanted to point out something, in Portuguese we say "dar à luz" to mean "to give birth", but what it literally translates to is "give [the newborn] to the light". This doesn't really have much to do with the video, but i found it nice how it kinda correlates with the slavic words for world and light being the same haha.
Awesome as always, Luke! I'm so glad that I found your channel!
what wonderful language nerd of a guy! A man after my own heart! Love how excited you get about words, they affect everything I believe, even when we don't know their nuanced and ancient meanings. Keep teaching!!!! Blessings
It's interesting that the romanians named the visible world after lumen, it makes sense for me. I love etymology so much !
Wonderful! 😃 welcome to the channel
Very cool man! Love to see how passionate you are about the topics, makes me feel much less of a weirdo for liking this kind of thing so much hahah, it means the world !
The Russian word «мир» has two meanings - peace and world, but that's because two different words joined in one spelling in the 20th century. Before 1918 the world was spelled «мiръ» and the peace was spelled «миръ». Then, the letter i was omitted from the alphabet and both meanings became «мир». So that SHOULD mean these two meanings have different etymology, but I can't affirm that, because I don't know for sure.
That’s a good point! I conveniently omitted that detail for the sake of time. Извини! 😅
@@polyMATHY_Luke don't you dare apologise to me 😜🤣
Russian *миръ* "peace" and *мiръ* "world" do have the same etymology, though. Originally these are *two meanings* of *one lexeme* . The common meaning is лад, порядок, согласие, соразмерность (harmony, agreement, accord, order, arrangement, proportionality, setting). The orthographical difference is from the Russian redaction of Church Slavonic, where orthography is more artificial than in Old (Church) Slavonic and serves to discern not only lexical, but even grammatical homonyms. In Old (Church) Slavonic (IX-XI A.D.) there are not such subtleties: "миръ" stands for both εἰρήνη and κόσμος.
P.S. So the Russian *мир* (world) agrees with Old Slavonic миръ (world) and that is an archaism, not an innovation. _Palaeoslavonicum vero_ свѣтъ is "light", as the Russian *свет* .
@@Alexandr-Andreev thank you!! New day, new fact!
That’s so interesting! I never knew Cyrillic used to have the letter i. Since I learned the alphabet, I’d figured it had always been the backwards n и. Very very cool history lesson. Since you say 1918 I’m guessing it has to do with the Bolsheviks eh? They reformed the alphabet after they seized power in the October Revolution?
I just discovered this channel and I’m pleasantly surprised. I love the etymology of words as well. That was a very nice overview of Germanic, Romanic, Greek and Slavic. Congrats and lots of success!
Thanks so much! Welcome!
Uau, você foi até as raizes mais profundas dessas palavras. You went to the most profound roots of these words, this is amazing.
Obrigado! 😃
Just love you're way of explaining meaning of words ☺️. You finde all the bonds that connect all of us. It is fantastic 😃
This video is so deep and complete, you made an awesome effort, thank you so much for sharing this knowlegde with us!
Great Scots pronunciation of “world”! My favorite Scots word to say is the similar-sounding “squirrel”.
It's so fascinating that Indo-European is so rich of a language family also how they basically influenced and borrowed with one another.
Yes it is!
I found out the other day that "tail" in ancient Greek is "ouros" which is actually the same word as arse in English and in German.They are both located down the end of a body!Also the Latin word for 'fox" which is Vulpes is closely related to the English and German words "wolf" -two closely related canids.The English word 'deer' which refers to a specific animal- in German the word "tier" refers to animals in general.Disc is the same word as desk and tisch because each is flat-also dish.
Very interesting. You're always surprising us!! Greets from Spain, Luke.
This is also exactly what I do in my spare time. I look for the patterns and connections among the words in different languages. Cognates, false friends, calques, auto-antonyms, etymologies. I also find it interesting because when you begin to analyze a word, you're able to form a web and in another sense, let yourself become lost in translation
Candle went out 😜
Dear Luke Amadeus, another great video, thanks! As a native Slovene speaker, just a tiny correction: it's written 'svet' (without 'u' at the end). In our language it can mean 'the world' as in Earth, or cosmos, or it can even be generalized as a sort of 'inner world' or 'experience'. The other meaning of the same word is 'holy'. Both meanings are undoubtedly connected to the word 'svetel', meaning 'light' / 'bright'. 🌞🗺😇
This was incredible! Very educational and captivating, so thank you very much for this video.
Thanks so much for watching and sharing! 🎃👻
Este canal é fantástico!
These etymology videos are epic!
Thanks so much! 😃 I’m glad to have an epic fan
Luke, sei un ottimo comunicatore, pur affrontando argomenti di etimologia e semantica, comunemente definiti "pallosi", sai affrontarli con competenza e narrazione leggera e gradevole, interessante. avanti così.
Molto gentile, Eugenio!
A very interesting topic. Enjoyed it thoroughly. Thank you!
Thanks for watching! 😃
Less than a minute in and im subscribing. Amazing work!
Thanks!!
This has to be some of the best videos you have put out - along the one on Romans and macrons.
Oh thank you! I’m so glad you like them!
Thank you for your another amazing video!
I just have to kindly correct one little detail:
Slovene word for 'world' is 'svet' (at least in nominative), not 'svetu' (which is its dative form).
I love your etymology content, it is clear, logical and fun! Inspiring.
In romanian, we have ”lume” for world and it is from lumen= light (latine). Why? Probably, after night, when the sun rise, the world starts to exist and we can see it.
I disagree. Lume means people, and only by extension it started to mean the Globe/Earth. But you can't call the Universe / Space, lume.
"E o lume mare" = Its a big world. Yes, but it refers to the Earth (inhabited by people).
@Robzah Still, this implies living beings.
"E multa lume" (there a re a lot of people), "Lume buna" (good people).
You cannot transfer the concept of (and thus the term of) world / universe to people (you cannot refer to a group of people as "world"). But you can do the vice-versa since the Earth is full of people.
That's my point: that lume means people, and only by extension it means world / planet, and only by a lack of any other term it can be used for Universe.
So the light (lumen) doesn't come from stars, but from the light humans produce (walking outside villages, at night, if you see light in the distance, it means there are people there).
@Robzah "are pitici pe creier" (he has dwarfs on his brain), or those conspiracies which said nazis live on the moon, or in an underground world. or that we assummed there are martians with human appearance.
Its in our instinct to be egocentric, to see everything with us in the middle.
That;s why it makes sense that the term for world is an extension of the term people.
It makes no historical sense that humans-romanians assumed there are other living planets / dimensions - alternate Universes, in order to refer to humans as "worlds". These are modern scientific discoveries. Thus it makes no sense to call people "lume" like they come from another planet/universe.
Well not exactly, probably comes from Rome. In Rome, the genius was the incarnation of the people of Rome (per example Augustus attributed himself this title for saying that he was Rome itself) and the genius of rome was the lux mundi, the light of World, the knowledge (in fact the illuminists called themselves after the "light of the thinking")
In Romanian, "lume" also came to mean civilization or people. Because wherever there was light at night, that’s where people can be found. But it is still interesting to read all the other theories in this thread.
Another great video!
Grazie mille, Davide! 😃🇮🇹♥️
@@polyMATHY_Luke o poly capisce italiano te perché voglio spiegare che mund mundi mun mundohem mundohu che spiegacione in un altra lingua che te non lo conosce e deve dire fatica. Poi se e meunda deve dire me u nda che significa e separato. E parola Miri deve dire il buono e anche bravo invece Mir significa meglio e bene e quando sei meglio e bene puoi dire anche pace ma non sono in rusia sono de la lingua più vecchia in Europa. Se hai un po' tempo mi puoi spiegare qui 2 secondi etimologia de la parola lingua apri tutti libri dei Romani e Bizantino e anche vecchia glossos Grecia ce e lo stesso significato glun gluh glon glos gua gjuha gje-lun gje-los che anche i greci non lo sanno il significato ciao e ti saluto fra poco esce chi e lingua madre di Europa
I always use the things you say for my Latin lessons since my teacher is obsessed with the etymologies (and I am as well) and it helps me soooo much, thank you!!
As a student of old English your etymology is %100 right! Great work as always
You're awesome man!!! Extremely underrated!!
The connection of Luke to Latin lux is very spread in English but doubtful at best.
There were two common names in Latin: Lucius (related to Lux, Lucio in Italian with a soft c) and Lucas (related to Lucanus, from Lucania, from the Greek Λουκάς; Luca in Italian, with an hard c). The latter, Λουκάς , is the name of the Greek doctor that wrote the gospel, and the most likely origin of Luke as a name in English-speaking countries. It is true that there have been hypocorism between Lucius and Lucas (in classical Latin the pronunciations were particularly similar) and likely the connection with Lux helped the diffusion of the name. But as Luke come to English from the evangelist, the root "From Lucania" is much more likely than "Bright". Also because Lucius was a very common prenomen in Rome but it was not a name in Greece.
Great video! With regards to the list of words derived from *men at around the 2:00 mark, I'll try to provide cognates in an Indo-Aryan language, Marathi. "माणूस " means "man" in Marathi. "मन" means 'mind', and मंद means "stupid" in Marathi too.
Much love from Greece, I love your channel by just watching this video!👏🏻😊❤
Ευχαριστώ πολύ, αγαπητή Μαρία! 😃 Θέλω να λέω στα αρχαία ελληνικά· τοῖς γὰρ λόγοις, ὦ φιλτάη, ἥδομαι σφόδρα καί σοι χαίρειν πλεῖστον εὔχομαι! 🇬🇷 ♥️
@@polyMATHY_Luke Αυτή ήταν μια ακόμα πιο ευχάριστη έκπληξη! Τα αρχαία σου είναι εξαιρετικά!!! 😯👏🏻😍
Absolutely fantastic. You definitely create the best etymology content I've ever seen. Can't get enough :) will have to check out your patreon :)
Aww thanks, Dominica! A new video just came out today! ua-cam.com/video/dAR6IFou-mc/v-deo.html
@@polyMATHY_Luke Luke- seriously your videos are inspiring me to start studying Latin. I've studied about five other languages but no "ancient" languages ;-) Your enthusiasm is really infectious! I'm ordering Lingva Latina now :)
Exactly what I'm into and what I'm thinking about every single day! It's incredible how everything's connected and how WE're all connected 🧬🗣️
Your videos give me goosebumps!
You're creating an amazing content, Luke! 🎃
Hey Luke, I think a recap at the end of the video (like in your video on the etymology of the word "ciao") would be really helpful. Love these videos!
You’re right! That’s a great suggestion. Haha last night I was so tired I didn’t even remember everything I said. 😅 I appreciate the comment! I’ll do that next time.
With the link between "vir" and "werewolf" you definitely killed me 😲 Thanks! 😄
Ok this is up there at the level of your “ciao” video-fascinating, inspiring, masterful
Man, your channel's awesome. I'd seen the origin of ciao video and it'd already blew my mind and then after UA-cam recommended me this one I knew I had to subscribe. Hope you reach at least a million subscribers soon!
Love your channel. You've a powerful and forgotten knowledge up in your head. Hope see more videos like this. Greetings from Argentina
Hola ¡y muchísimas gracias! Sí sí, verás muchos vídeos así en el futuro.
🇦🇷 ♥️
By the way: great video. I like your videos, because it is evident that you are person of very large and extensive knowledge with an ability and the need of understanding the things and words in deep (in profundis et ex origines). Today this is a very rare phenomena. Congratulations! and keep going with your excellent work.
Thanks so much! 😊
Very interesting, thanks for sharing
I have been watching your Latin stuff for some time but was not expecting such an awesome tour of euro linguistic history! Thanks Luke
Thanks so much! You have a great channel as well! Keep it up. Great to have another UA-camr of curiosities!
I love ALL your video about the etymology of words!
In Estonian and Finnish, the word for 'World' (Maailm/Maailma) is a compound of Earth and Air (maa + ilm/ilma).
In Latvian and Lithuanian, the word for 'World' (Pasaule/Pasaulis) simply means ''under the sun''.
But in Latvian, the afterlife is in Aizsaule : behind the sun.
- Anyone who starts learning Latin: Wait, what is all this cases thing?
- Lucius: 11:22
I love these videos man, I think it would also be interesting if did videos about words like, 'tree' or 'sugar', that are common in all indo- European languages that I am familiar with
Great suggestion!
@@polyMATHY_Luke Sugar would ve especially interesting because it also has cognates in the Farsi شکر (shekar) and Arabic سوگر (sugar). I'm pretty sure I mispelled the Arabic lol but you get the idea
Amazing!!! Many, many thanks! Beautiful story.
Thanks so much for watching!
Love your etymology videos! Great work, as usual
Absolutely fascinating! Mille grazie a te!
Dear Luke, let me take the opportunity to thank you and to congratulate you for these language series!!! Being a language lover and admirer myself I really admire and enjoy your work. May I add, just in case it is interesting, that in Greek GER - (pronounced YER-) is the root for the word GERON (YERON, ΓΕΡΩΝ in ancient Greek)meaming OLD. It sounds to my ears very close to the WERE as in WEREWOLF both in meaning and in sound. Is this remark helpful at all? Keep up the good work!
I loved the video. So glad I found your channel! Saludos desde Argentina.
This was a crazy journey across the worldly word for World in Europe 😌 one of the best videos I've seen in this channel
Excellente I enjoyed ., I am a first time viewer to your channel
Great stuff!
I may be biased but the Romanian word is great. So Protoromanians saw how Slavs called it and said "we will use the word with the same meaning as you but using our Latin vocabulary".
you are hypnotizing! amazing
Thanks!
Very interesting video about etymology. You make a lot of connections among many languages, of course, Latin included :). By the way, it would be great if you could make a video for Christmas related to Latin, the corresponding Romans celebration or etymology related to the words used these dates. I could use it to congratulate the holidays to my geek friends :D
In Russian world is "mir" but the end of the world is called "konets svjeta ". Translated to English it means "end of (the) light". It is also posible to say "konets mira" what means end of (the) world.
Love your videos!!!!
Thanks!
This is such a great video!! I would be delighted to have you as my university professor
Awesome video! I love these connections between languages
I really enjoy your etymology videos. You should definitely make more of them !!!
(copying my comment in here after I accidentally posted it on the wrong video sorry)
Hi! I'm guessing you already know this, but in case you don't I think you'll find it interesting that in Serbo-Croatian there are a couple of words for "space/universe" with different dialectal distributions. There's "svemir" in standard Croatian (lit. "all-peace"), and the Serbian "vasiona" (lit. "all-populated"). In both words, the first morpheme (sve/vas) comes from Proto-Slavic *vьśь (all), apparently from PIE *(h₁)wiḱ- (clan, settlement, extended family). I'm sure there are cognates for both of these in most, if not all, Slavic languages.
Anyway, love your channel, great content and excellent presentation. I wanna thank you for enlightening me on Classical Latin pronunciation, I was taught Roman pronunciation in high school and although I knew there was this other system out there I was never told why, and back then I admit I didn't care that much. But I do now that I'm studying linguistics, and I've instantly converted to Classical. Still getting used to it. Speaking of Latin, I have a question if you don't mind - was Classical Latin syllable-timed or mora-timed? I'm finding conflicting answers online, although most say it was syllable-timed, with the exception of poetry which was influenced by the definitely mora-timed Greek. But what about vowel length in spoken language then, in your videos you explain how crucial it is to acknowledge different vowel lengths, and I agree, but if we treat long vowels as lasting roughly twice as long as short vowels, doesn't that make the language mora-timed? Maybe I'm just not understanding the concept of a "mora" right. I only recently started a linguistics master's, in my defense. Maybe you or someone in the comments can enlighten me.
Well this comment got away from me huh. Thanks again from a fan in Split, just outside Diocletian's palace :)
Excellent! I love how much you're digging into etymology, a fascinating topic by all means.
Great explanation, Luke! You always do a great work. Congratulations!
In Polish: świat - world, światło - light, świeca - candle. The word "świecki" is derived from "świat" and means "secular" ("wordly") but sounds more similar to "świeca". There is an absurd joke, that says that secular songs are the ones that are sung with a candle in your hand.
There is also "świt"("dawn") from the same root.
@@sharkie115 Interesting. We have in Croatian two words for "dawn": "zora" and "svitanje".
@@krunomrki we also have "zorza" but it is mostly considered archaic.
Światły men,
In Romanian, Earth is "Pământ" (from Pavimentus, the down surface, ground), while "Lume" mostly means people (imagine walking at night, seeing light far away means there are people there). But it extended to mean the Globe, since its full of people. Its a bit of a stretch to call the universe "lume".
But in any case, i think the light comes from humans, not the stars. ( we humans are the stars, if you want a poetic spin on it )
In polish also Earth (Ziemia) is the ground (ziemia) .
@@johnsmith-nv4sb Makes sense. But i'm curious if (in Slavic languages), "Svet" or how the "World" is called, also signifies "people" (?) As in:
-"Nu merge, e lume multa" = "Don't go, there are too many people".
-"Lume buna aici" = (There are) Good people here.
Thank you for today's video
Absolute fascinating content. Thank you!
I LOVE this video! In Catalan we say "món" (as it's written in the thumbnail), obviously from Latin "mundus" as well. :)
I was thinking about the romanian version being different from like Italian or Spanish and you even addressed it, I love you
Oh thanks, Vlad! 😃
Absolutely fascinating
Thanks for watching!
When you described the significance behind 'mir' your eyes lighted up almost as much as mine would if I looked at you in person!
Wonderful! 😃
Thank you for this new video. Saludos desde Colombia.
Very interesting video I can tell . Thanks
No sabía que Victor Zsasz fuese políglota, instant subscription!
😄
Very curious and engaging! More of stuff like that please! I'll contribute Lithuanian "vyras" -- man (as in male human, warrior), husband, and "mintis" (thought).
10:00
actually in russian we use the word "свет" for the "world" too but it is rare and pretty eloquent
and if we'll research the russian pre-revolution orthography we'll see that word "мир" spelled differently in both meanings:
миръ - peace
міръ - world
but unfortunately i dont know etymology of both, but they seem to be different just like russian words for bow and onion - "лук"
In Hungarian "world" is _világ_ which also means "light" although it's not used in that meaning in ordinary speech.