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Making Compost is not like Making Wine
I used to suggest that making good compost is like making wine - it gets better with age. I was wrong. With composting food waste, why do I have four-week old compost that is just as mature as another 1 year old compost. Why does this 1 year old compost have a more pungent odour than my two week old compost? I explore some of the factors impacting potential odor and time to maturity. Perhaps composting is more like making good beer!
Переглядів: 341

Відео

Measuring Compost Maturity Using a 1 L Thermos
Переглядів 493Місяць тому
Compost maturity can be easily measured with a 1 L Thermos and a thermometer! Its an opportunity for smaller composters or composters in remote areas to easily and cost effectively measure compost maturity. We are getting similar results as the Dewar self heating test. Its not an official test, and its not quite as sensitive as the Solvita test, but it gives composters and compost users a reall...
Compost Maturity Tests That I Like Using
Переглядів 943Місяць тому
Regulations in Canada define compost as being mature but don't explain what mature is, or how to test for it. I like using the Solvita test or the Dewar self heating test as long as the instructions are followed. We can do these tests ourselves. We know how we have prepared the compost and we are responsible for its quality. Although third party testing may be a regulatory requirement, we alrea...
Forced Aeration May Produce Stable Compost That Is Not Mature
Переглядів 1,4 тис.3 місяці тому
Most of us appreciate and expect compost to be mature. We assess maturity using a stability test. Our compost may be stable but not mature! Forced air compost systems in particular, allow us to stabilize the compost by drying it, but it may not be mature. Dry immature compost may heat and create odor when its rewetted. It also may contain high fecal coliform that survive the high temperatures e...
Compost Can Be Stable But Not Mature
Переглядів 4,7 тис.3 місяці тому
Is compost maturity important? Its important for microbial diversity that help plants with disease resistance. We normally use a stability test to estimate compost maturity. A stability test works when there is adequate moisture, and there are microbes! We must understand the limitations of stability testing so that we don't confuse stability with maturity.
Water Loss During Composting Impacts
Переглядів 1,5 тис.5 місяців тому
Approximately 400 L or more is evaporated from every tonne of composting material. When we compost outdoors, we hardly notice. When we compost indoors, we may be surprised, perhaps because we can’t see anything, or because its raining inside, or because our building is corroding. We will calculate the water loss, then discover what may be in that water!
Too Much Air Dries Compost
Переглядів 1,9 тис.6 місяців тому
When we compost high energy wastes like food waste, the compost dries quickly. Its a tricky balance - we can optimize the compost process, which then includes managing the moisture and mixing the material. Or we can provide less air, have a less efficient process, risk a lower pH in the compost, and risk potential odor. We have a choice, depending on how efficient we would like our compost to be!
Celebrating a Class Act in our Soil
Переглядів 2607 місяців тому
On World Soil Day, we celebrate a class of soil microbes that help us flourish. They participate in sustainable food production, they provide hope in some of the ways that we harm our planet, and they provide antibiotics that keep us healthy. Actinobacter are a class of microbes that we can see and smell. We are only starting to learn the incredible diversity and function of soil microorganisms...
Limiting Aeration to Control Temperature
Переглядів 2,1 тис.7 місяців тому
I can give six reasons why we should limit aeration of our compost to keep it from getting too hot. I will then give four reasons why this may be a terrible idea. When organic matter decomposes, it produces heat. How we manage that heat impacts the activity of the microbial community. My observations are that we are slowing the composting process if we limit aeration. If our goal is to have our...
Is Low Oxygen Composting a Thing
Переглядів 8298 місяців тому
Composting at very low oxygen concentrations goes against every fiber of my knowlege and experience with microbes and composting. It was promoted by a compost expert, so I thought I would try it for fun. Wow, was I ever disappointed. After three months and three mixings, this compost looks nice, but is not nearly mature. And to think that I achieved Canadian maturity guidelines in three weeks w...
Composting Outdoors in a Rainforest - Surprised by Mature Compost
Переглядів 3098 місяців тому
We expected that attempts to compost foodwaste outdoors in a rain forest climate would be disastrous - we were wrong! We expected saturated and smelly material that would have to be recomposted during the summer months. We found the compost to be very mature - despite the very high moisture content. This demonstrates the importance of adequate air-filled porosity.
Claystone Waste - Composting Effectively and Efficiently
Переглядів 6 тис.10 місяців тому
Claystone Waste began composting a few weeks ago - highlights of the facility and process include thorough and efficient blending using a Supreme 900 stationary mixer, aerated composting with timer and temperature feedback, and screening to 1" before curing. The mixing thoroughly coats the wood chips with the organic material, creating an optimal environment for the aerobic microbes during the ...
Composting on the West Coast of Vancouver Island Establishing Priorities
Переглядів 17311 місяців тому
Establishing a food scrap compost facility in a rain forest climate can be challenging with a limited budget. The Alberni-Clayoquot Regional District established an aerated windrow compost facility on the west coast of Vancouver Island. Simple system, working amazingly well - let's see what the winter will bring! A roof cover and an asphalt pad are on the wish list!
Creston BC One Year of Composting
Переглядів 553Рік тому
Separating and composting food waste was new for the Town of Creston and the Regional District of Central Kootenay. A new compost facility, a new operator and a new program. The aerated windrow composting is working great, producing excellent compost. Providing tools and training is vital for success. Another operation and operator that we can all be proud of! The project was initiated and is o...
Removing Plastic at Small Food Waste Compost Facilities
Переглядів 3,7 тис.Рік тому
Plastic in our food scraps is a frustration and added cost when we compost food scraps. It appears to be up to us as composters to remove it. A Canadian technology offers hope for smaller communities recycling food waste and needing to remove plastic and other non-compostable bits.
Evolution of composting in Whitehorse, Yukon
Переглядів 1,3 тис.Рік тому
Evolution of composting in Whitehorse, Yukon
Aerating Compost Impact on pH and Volatile Acids
Переглядів 558Рік тому
Aerating Compost Impact on pH and Volatile Acids
Do I Have a Healthy Lawn?
Переглядів 95Рік тому
Do I Have a Healthy Lawn?
Measuring pH in Compost
Переглядів 2,7 тис.Рік тому
Measuring pH in Compost
Low pH May Limit Composting Food Waste
Переглядів 500Рік тому
Low pH May Limit Composting Food Waste
World Soil Day Dec 5 2022
Переглядів 70Рік тому
World Soil Day Dec 5 2022
Drying and Grinding Food Scraps as a Waste Diversion Option
Переглядів 1,9 тис.Рік тому
Drying and Grinding Food Scraps as a Waste Diversion Option
Composting in Small Communities
Переглядів 368Рік тому
Composting in Small Communities
Composting Outside the Box
Переглядів 1,2 тис.Рік тому
Composting Outside the Box
My Aerated Static Pile is Dry and Lumpy
Переглядів 3,2 тис.Рік тому
My Aerated Static Pile is Dry and Lumpy
Roast in the Compost
Переглядів 178Рік тому
Roast in the Compost
Chimney Effect Not Working in My Compost Windrow
Переглядів 4,2 тис.Рік тому
Chimney Effect Not Working in My Compost Windrow
Measuring Oxygen in Compost
Переглядів 4 тис.Рік тому
Measuring Oxygen in Compost
Measuring Air Filled Porosity in Compost
Переглядів 1,2 тис.Рік тому
Measuring Air Filled Porosity in Compost
The Bucket Test - Measuring Bulk Density of Compost
Переглядів 1,7 тис.2 роки тому
The Bucket Test - Measuring Bulk Density of Compost

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @ChandlerBrooks
    @ChandlerBrooks 3 дні тому

    What size blowers are you using to move the air

  • @dnawormcastings
    @dnawormcastings 8 днів тому

    Great video always 🇳🇿❤️

  • @MisterEcks
    @MisterEcks 9 днів тому

    magnificent speaking voice...

  • @insAneTunA
    @insAneTunA 9 днів тому

    Cheers! 👍

  • @jonathanfriedlander8563
    @jonathanfriedlander8563 27 днів тому

    It all sounds good ! But check out the revelations in Australia with the dispersal of ASBESTOS in composted products ! Impossible to remove all plastics and these products should not be allowed to find there way back into the human food chain .

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 20 днів тому

      Thanks for sharing. Indeed a challenge and concern when including construction and demolition waste in the compost process.

  • @jonathanfriedlander8563
    @jonathanfriedlander8563 27 днів тому

    Excellent video, straightforward practical to the point no b/s 🇳🇿

  • @erichnagy1216
    @erichnagy1216 29 днів тому

    Thanks!

  • @jdawg1835
    @jdawg1835 Місяць тому

    Thank you.

  • @insAneTunA
    @insAneTunA Місяць тому

    Thank you for sharing. This test is very doable.

  • @dnawormcastings
    @dnawormcastings Місяць тому

    Great video 🇳🇿❤️

  • @denisrho1019
    @denisrho1019 Місяць тому

    Great explanations with excellent photos!

  • @denisrho1019
    @denisrho1019 Місяць тому

    John Paul: Great comments as well as great explanations and nice photos ! What exactly is the initial biomass that you are composting ? (leaves, branches, garden clips) I am impressed as I saw no foreing matters (plastics, etc.) I am curious to know... 20 pads to process 20 000 tons per y ... what is the main limiting factor to operate efficiently the proposed system ? Is it the initial blending step (300 t/d) that prevents you to blend and spread the biomass onto the pads or is it the TIME of the year you collect the biomass to be composted ? Or is the collection strategy adopted by the city ? ... Denis, from Montréal, Qc, Canada

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost Місяць тому

      Thanks for your comments/questions. The material being composted is the source separated organics from the City of Edmonton. It goes through some preprocessing at the City before it comes to the facility. The material varies from mostly food waste during the winter and mostly grass and food in the spring/early summer, and leaves and food during the fall. One of the limiting factors is loader operation.

  • @abukamal8917
    @abukamal8917 Місяць тому

    Thank you, John, for creating and sharing such useful videos related to composting. For day-to-day operations, I concur that Solvita and Dewar Tests for the compost maturity are practical given the financial constraints of a small community/producer. However, for industrial or municipal composting, I would recommend the O2 uptake or CO2 evolution tests whenever there is a change in their composting recipe, or to cross-check sometimes the results of the Solvita/Dewar test with the O2 uptake/CO2 evolution tests. All you did was great!! I look forward to watching the video on the self-heating test. It was a pleasure working with you. Thank you very much for providing me with that opportunity. I look forward to working with you in the area of biodegradability/composability of bioplastics in Saskatchewan.

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost Місяць тому

      Hi Abu, thank you for your kind words. I hope that your new job is going well! I really enjoyed working with you and meeting your family!

  • @user-rk1bf4eh2p
    @user-rk1bf4eh2p Місяць тому

    So we are regulating compost now

  • @dnawormcastings
    @dnawormcastings Місяць тому

    Great video as always 🇳🇿❤️

  • @CultivationCulture
    @CultivationCulture Місяць тому

    Thank you for sharing friend. I look forward to trying both methods.

  • @sanatanar
    @sanatanar Місяць тому

    Am dead sure you are not using tags while uploading videos. If you did your viewership and subsciber counts bot would have gone up significantly. I think you are just uploading and then giving the title.

  • @racebiketuner
    @racebiketuner Місяць тому

    Thanks again. Looking forward to more on the self heating test.

  • @kevinj.wilson3669
    @kevinj.wilson3669 Місяць тому

    Thank you I would welcome the opportunity to chat about a simple method we can use in Mali, West Africa, to test compost for maturity. Distilled down to basic principles. Thanks

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost Місяць тому

      Thanks - I have been working on this for a few years, details to come within the month!

  • @insAneTunA
    @insAneTunA Місяць тому

    Thanks for sharing, very useful. 👍

  • @AdekoyaOluwadamilare
    @AdekoyaOluwadamilare Місяць тому

    This is awesome👍👍👍

  • @pranavvaidya3634
    @pranavvaidya3634 2 місяці тому

    Ok how to compost stabilized dry grinded kitchen and garden waste. Adding microbes converts dried food/garden waste into compost? If yes which microbes.

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost Місяць тому

      Composting dried and ground kitchen waste is not as simple as just wetting it up and turning it. Its best mixed with yard waste or wood chips at about 10-20%. I used 10% dried food waste with 90% screened yard waste and added water to make a mix with 60% moisture, and an air-filled porosity of 450 kg/m3. The yard waste adds the microbes and the porosity, and the food waste adds the energy!

  • @kellinachbar1962
    @kellinachbar1962 2 місяці тому

    John Paul I got some organic commercial compost like this and spread 2" over my garden rows. I have drip tape watering and neither that nor surface watering wets this compost well. My seeds aren't germinating!! Any advice? Thank you.

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your question. If the seeds are planted in the soil underneath the compost, they may be a bit deep, its best to remove the compost from around where the seeds are. Its not recommended to put seeds directly in the compost layer, as the electrical conductivity in soome composts may be high.

  • @pranavvaidya3634
    @pranavvaidya3634 2 місяці тому

    V true and less people know it.

  • @pranavvaidya3634
    @pranavvaidya3634 2 місяці тому

    Interesting

  • @maxpain7197
    @maxpain7197 2 місяці тому

    Thought you should use distilled water

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 2 місяці тому

      Yes, its great to use distilled water if available. It also depends on the quality of water available.

  • @Dragonmother52
    @Dragonmother52 2 місяці тому

    I teach Horticulture, and your videos are super! Thank you so much!

  • @HitTheDirt
    @HitTheDirt 2 місяці тому

    I found your videos by searching compost too dry. I am subscribing and liking hopefully more people will find you a different way! I will be adding another video to my interesting by others playlist which is a library for gardening information. Thanks!

  • @WigglyWooTH
    @WigglyWooTH 2 місяці тому

    Greetings from south east Asia. Thank you so much for making these videos so scientific and evidence-based. There are many videos about composting out there that provide simple principles, techniques, and tips from experience but not many explained the science behind it in such a compelling way that you did. I have watched a few videos of yours and wish that I have found them earlier. 😂 Can’t promise I won’t aerate just to feel like optimizing is done, but I will fight the urge

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 2 місяці тому

      You are welcome - so happy to hear the videos are helpful!

  • @grantandre79
    @grantandre79 2 місяці тому

    This is a great video intro but I wish there was more information shared. Some questions: What is the "cleanliness" of the final output (eg: 99% plastics free, or completely clean) of the Compost Liberator? What is the process used to seperate plastics (especially micro-plastics) from food waste? Where can we follow-up to learn more?

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 2 місяці тому

      you are welcome to check out more information at www.borealcompost.ca

  • @Paul-nq5tn
    @Paul-nq5tn 3 місяці тому

    In the UK we have windrows 15ft they still compost you should try leaving the compost longer between turning we do every 9 weeks

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 3 місяці тому

      Thanks Paul. I understand that over time the temperatures and oxygen will increase. Because of the cost of composting real estate in a high rainfall climate, my goal is to obtain mature compost in a maximum of 4 weeks. I don't have the luxury of waiting 9 weeks!

  • @Wisald
    @Wisald 3 місяці тому

    Buying compost is such a lottery, I'm glad I no longer need to after I started making my own.

  • @APerchOfPillows
    @APerchOfPillows 3 місяці тому

    Thank you too

  • @billiebruv
    @billiebruv 3 місяці тому

    Wouldn't this be illeagal, if it has not gone through a thermfilic phase in your country

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 3 місяці тому

      Ah, here is the interesting part. We assume that high temperatures kill fecal coliform, and they will not regrow. This has proven to be incorrect. you are welcome to look up a term called VBNC - Viable But Not Culturable. It seems like some of these microbes "wake up" again when conditions are more favorable. The second crucial part of eliminating fecal coliform and E. coli during a composting process is to compost long enough to decompose all the readily available carbon - which is what fecal coliform require. It is well documented that mature composts will be much less likely to contain fecal coliform.

    • @billiebruv
      @billiebruv 3 місяці тому

      @@TransformCompost ok, so it is now called thermotolerant coliform. a faculative anerobe. Interesting. I only source O.M from my own property, no chance of contamination.

  • @bsod5608
    @bsod5608 3 місяці тому

    I can accept stable, but not mature compost. But i would not pay anything for immature compost...

    • @curiousbystander9193
      @curiousbystander9193 3 місяці тому

      not mature and immature are synonymous....?

    • @bsod5608
      @bsod5608 3 місяці тому

      @@curiousbystander9193 i dont pay for immature compost. But I accept it, if it gets delivered home for free. For instance a nearby stable deliver horse manure for free.

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 3 місяці тому

      immature compost can add nutrients and organic matter for agricultural soils, the concern is the potential high levels of fecal coliform and E. coli that survive the high temperature and feed on the remaining readily available carbon

    • @curiousbystander9193
      @curiousbystander9193 3 місяці тому

      @@TransformCompost question, are folks who put a layer of leves on their garden each fall robbing the spring seedlings of nutrients?.....My brother does this, like 2 inches in the fall, and I maintain there's a better way.

  • @racebiketuner
    @racebiketuner 3 місяці тому

    Great point!

  • @insAneTunA
    @insAneTunA 3 місяці тому

    Well, I changed my setup. I think that my pond air pump and the setup that I was using is not sufficient enough to make a real difference and to make it worth to pay for the energy. I had turned it of and I did not notice any difference. A larger pile with a larger blower fan would be better, but I can't do that here in my urban setting. I might revisit the concept at a later stage. Maybe that it will work better with different pipes that cover the footprint from the pile a bit better and that have larger holes, or something like that. What I was using now was not intended to be used for this purpose. So for now I have put my pile on top of pallet, and instead of a conical shaped pile I stacked my pile straight up, and I created some holes in the pile so that air can flow from the bottom to the top. I also added some more bio mass, but I think that my nitrogen and carbon ratio is still not optimal, at least not for the ambient temperatures that we have right now. I think that the pile has too much carbon, but during the summer I can collect and add more nitrogen rich material to the pile, so that is what I am going to do. However, it is not all bad because there is a composting process happening because the pile does reach 25C, and the pile is also packed with worms. So at the bare minimum I will get good vermicompost. But I realize that I need to be patience and that eventually the fungi will complete the composting process. And the pile even might start the hot composting process after all as soon as the weather gets substantial warmer and when I have added some more nitrogen rich material. This weekend the temperatures go up substantially for a couple of days, Saturday the temperature might even reach 25C, so I am curious to see what that is going to do with the temperature inside the pile. I will post updates on my channel if something noteworthy changes.

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 3 місяці тому

      The worms flourishing is fantastic - it suggests also that the moisture is likely higher than 70%, which makes hot composting a bit more complicated. The worms will make great compost for you!

    • @insAneTunA
      @insAneTunA 3 місяці тому

      @@TransformCompostThank you for your reply. It might be a bit too wet indeed. I will let it evaporate some moisture and see what happens. And if the worms beat the bacteria and fungi it is also good. 👍

  • @dnawormcastings
    @dnawormcastings 3 місяці тому

    Great video as always thanks for sharing your knowledge🇳🇿

  • @curiousbystander9193
    @curiousbystander9193 3 місяці тому

    I've run into this making leaf mold soil, rushing using last year's ground leaves the next june. When I grind leaves in the fall, if it's a warm fall and I can get 1 strong hot cycle and 1 warm cycle, plus another turn of the pile, the next spring I can screen that pile and let it sit for another month, then it's usable as stable and mature in june........ but, if I don;t get enough turns of the pile in and get that last screening in april done early, that pile can;t be used until July. It really needs the 1.5 months in april/may to go hot/warm again.... or, I'll end up with stable leaf mold soil, not mature.....stable, but immature leaf mold in a 100 gallon pot can run a bit hot again, causing some stress on baby plants and seedlings, where as mature leaf soil will not produce any such outcomes....... Anyhow, you must grind your leaves, make the pile at least 3 cubic yards, and get 3 turns (covering on after the 3rd) in before winter for success by next june.... it's damn near impossible to get fall leaves viable for next spring, when used as the sole soil medium for growing (like a peat moss or coco, but much, much better). This all only applies to northern latitudes, as it's easy to keep microbial activity in southern leaf mold or compost piles throughout the winter. I think there are also leachates coming of the leaf mold piles, like tannins and such, that plants really don;t like.....so you kinda have to leave the pile exposed to the elements some, rather than coveredall the time, as a way of moving those tannins and such off the pile when it rains (or you have to water the pile occasionally). WHen you soak an oak leaf, some remarkable stuff leaches into the water. I am pretty sure some of that needs time and composting for viable leaf mold soil. It appears you can grow just about anything with deep, mature leaf mold soil beds......add aerated compost tea feeding if you want stellar plant health and production.

    • @bsod5608
      @bsod5608 3 місяці тому

      I just wait another year. The leaf mold pile from the fall of 2022, is really good looking now. The leaf mold compost from the fall of 2023 will probably be finished in august, since i have not turned it enough. But I will probably not use it until spring 2025.

    • @curiousbystander9193
      @curiousbystander9193 3 місяці тому

      @@bsod5608 yeah, if you can get ahead of things, it's nice... but what I described above is for trying to get fall leaves usable the next june in northern climates....stable and mature..... I make about 15 yards a year.... some being aged wood chip/bark medium. what do you grow with your leaf mold soil?

  • @cameronornelas142
    @cameronornelas142 3 місяці тому

    Great video!!!! Can you send me some info on the aerated compost system. I'm interested in using it at my four compost facilities in California. Hope to here from you. Thanks

  • @krazyinthekootenay712
    @krazyinthekootenay712 3 місяці тому

    I find it funny that you in this video had to go educate the individual involved in this. As you said Creston which I used to live at now has to figure other things out. Yet their given a huge government grant to start it with... Sounds a little fishy to me

    • @TransformCompost
      @TransformCompost 3 місяці тому

      Yes, the grant covered some of the infrastructure. The situation with plastics is operational, and similar to what most communities are working with.

  • @racebiketuner
    @racebiketuner 3 місяці тому

    Thanks again.

  • @SuperTinker41
    @SuperTinker41 3 місяці тому

    Thank you!

  • @denniskatinas
    @denniskatinas 3 місяці тому

    Great topic, I’ll stick around. Thank you.

  • @dnawormcastings
    @dnawormcastings 3 місяці тому

    Great information on composting 🇳🇿

  • @compostjohn
    @compostjohn 3 місяці тому

    Excellent and valuable information, thank you.

  • @insAneTunA
    @insAneTunA 3 місяці тому

    Thank you for sharing. Soon there will be an update on my small experiment.

  • @udin-untungdurian8784
    @udin-untungdurian8784 3 місяці тому

    👏

  • @racebiketuner
    @racebiketuner 4 місяці тому

    Thanks for another great vid. I'm making compost on a much smaller scale. I keep 11-12 yards in process.. I'm very selective about my inputs and still have to spend a lot of time removing plastic. It's easy to pick out red and blue pieces, but small black pieces are very hard to identify. I've done a little experimenting and found it takes five screenings to remove most of it. I understand that's not practical to do on a larges scale. Hopefully better and more affordable commercial removal systems will be available in the near future.

  • @racebiketuner
    @racebiketuner 4 місяці тому

    Very cool!