Ruslan Medzhitov (Yale / HHMI): The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in the Control of Adaptive Immunity
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- Опубліковано 8 лип 2024
- www.ibiology.org/immunology/t...
In this discovery talk, Dr. Ruslan Medzhitov provides a historical perspective that frames his involvement in the discovery of Toll-Like Receptors.
Talk Overview:
When he was a graduate student, Dr. Ruslan Medzhitov read a theory written by Dr. Charles Janeway that foresaw the existence of a set of receptors that would directly detect pathogens and signal to T- and B-cells to generate an immune response (adaptive immunity). Medzhitov was determined to find such receptors! In this discovery talk, Dr. Ruslan Medzhitov provides a historical perspective that frames his involvement in the discovery of Toll-Like Receptors. By following the clue that NF-kB was involved in the immune response, he searched for receptors, like Toll, that had the capacity to activate NF-kB.
Speaker Biography:
Dr. Ruslan Medzhitov is a Sterling Professor of immunology at Yale School of Medicine and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. His laboratory studies the signals that initiate and control the process of inflammation, allergic reaction, and immune response. His laboratory also studies tissue biology, and the communication circuits that help to establish stable cellular communities within tissues.
Medzhitov earned his bachelor's in Biology from Tashkent State University, and pursued a doctorate degree in biochemistry at the Moscow State University (1993). Medzhitov was a graduate student during the profound economic crisis that followed the collapse of the Soviet Union, which prevented him from performing any experimental work during his graduate studies. Being unable to do any experimental work didn’t stop Medzhitov, who continued his studies by reading the scientific literature at the Library for Natural Sciences in Moscow, and attending lectures. There, he encountered his passion towards studying immunology after reading a paper by Dr. Charles Janeway, where he described his theories on how the immune system works. Medzhitov, fascinated by these theories, contacted Janeway and started a collaboration that shaped the rest of his career. In 1993, Medzhitov received a 3-month Unesco fellowship to study bioinformatics with Russell Doolittle at the University of California, San Diego. In 1994, he continued his postdoctoral training at Janeway’s lab.
For his scientific contributions, Medzhitov was elected member of the National Academy of Sciences (2010), and received the Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine (2011). Learn more about Medzhitov’s research at his lab website:
immunobiology.yale.edu/people/... - Наука та технологія
Those last two minutes cleared up a huge misconception I had in my understanding of Immunology. It was a huge lightbulb moment. I'd been taught that the 1st signal induced the expression of co-stimulatory molecules on the APC. This makes so much sense. Thank you for the discovery!
Same here!
Ruslan is a great storyteller! This was a really great lecture
It have been more than 20 years that Janeway and Medzhitov proposed it, and there is still biologist in universities explaining things that do not make sense...
T cells would never go to anergy if the TCR + (MHC II + self-antigen) [signal 1] was the one to generate BH7 expression [signal 2].
Of course, T cells do not know if the antigen they are binding to is self or not without PRRs from APCs 🙂
Thanks Ruslan!
Teaching at its best..!!
A privilege to have access to this on you tube.
thanks a lot!
continue please
Great lecture..
Thank you Ruslan🤩🙌🏻
Very interesting, thank you!
Bravo!
Is the leucine component of TLR not random? For some TLRs, asparganine is not random either. The textbook "Cellular and Molecular Immunology" gives the sequence LxxN, where L is Leucine and N is asparganine. Also, what secondary structures make up TLR? Alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets are not random. There are geometrical restrictions to which amino acids can form the main two secondary structures.
Can Dr. Ruslan elaborate in a new talk as to the origin of autoimmune response?...in terms of involvement of signal 1 or 2...and also toll like receptors...
What program do these speakers use to teach?
They speak while explaining to pics
What TLR is he talking about ? 4 for LPS
5 for flagella
And others for viral nucleotides
www.nature.com/articles/41131.
tlr4 (lps receptor) was the first one to be identified in human innate immunity..
is it thrue the covid vaccine block these receptor ??
I've heard it binds TLR4
The spike protein can bind TLR4 they say
@@davidjuliesmiththomas7983 thank
Less uh, uh, uh and better articulation