Neuromuscular Junction Structure & Neuromuscular Transmission || Membrane Physiology

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Video Summary:
Motor neurons originating from the ventral horn of the spinal cord branch into many processes. Each axon process innervates separate muscle fiber midway along the length. The presynaptic nerve terminal has vesicles that store acetylcholine, voltage-gated Ca channels and numerous mitochondria. The postsynaptic membrane has acetylcholine receptors which are ligand-gated Na channels. And the synaptic cleft contains acetylcholinesterase. Acetylcholine is synthesized in cytosol from acetyl CoA and choline by the action of choline acetyltransferase. Then it's transported into the vesicle. When the impulse reaches the nerve terminal, voltage-gated Ca channels open. The resultant influx of Ca causes the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft. Here the ACh stimulates the receptors causing their opening. So Na ions diffuse into in and action potential is generated. The action potential then spreads along the membrane eventually causing muscle contraction. The action of ACh is terminated by acetylcholinesterase which breaks acetylcholine into acetate and choline. Choline is transported back into the nerve terminal for the synthesis of more acetylcholine. Diffusion of acetylcholine out of the synapse also contributes to the termination of the action.
This is all about neuromuscular junction and neuromuscular transmission.
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Dr. Vipul Navadiya
DISCLAIMER: This video is for education purposes only. Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the material, viewers should refer to the appropriate regulatory body/authorized websites, guidelines, and other suitable sources of information as deemed relevant and applicable. In view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical science, any person or organization involved in the preparation of this work accepts no responsibility for any errors or omissions, or results obtained from the use of information in this video.

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