Indians | Ep 2: The Aryans and the Vedic Age | A Brief History of a Civilization
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- Опубліковано 20 вер 2024
- Research, Script and Narration by Namit Arora;
Producer: The Wire;
Director: Natasha Badhwar;
Camera: Ajmal Jami;
Video Editor: Anam Sheikh.
Made possible by a grant from The Raza Foundation and contributions to The Wire by viewers like you. Join The Wire's UA-cam membership program and help fund many such initiatives.
The story of India is one of profound and continuous change. It has been shaped by the dynamic of migration, conflict, mixing, coexistence, and cooperation. In this ten-part web series, Namit Arora tells the story of Indians and our civilization by exploring some of our greatest historical sites, most of which were lost to memory and were dug out by archaeologists. He will also focus on ancient and medieval foreign travellers whose idiosyncratic accounts conceal surprising insights about us Indians. All along, Arora surveys India’s long and exciting churn of cultural ideas, beliefs, and values-some that still shape us today, and others that have been lost forever. The series mostly mirrors-and often extends-the contents of his book, Indians: A Brief History of a Civilization. Bibliography appears below.
EPISODE 2: THE ARYANS AND THE VEDIC AGE
After the decline of the Harappan Civilization, waves of Aryan migrants arrived from Central Asia between 2000-1500 BCE. A nomadic-pastoralist people of lighter skin, the Aryans were culturally different from the Subcontinent’s settled farmers and forest tribes of darker skin. They brought along an early Sanskrit, proto-Vedas, Vedic gods, a priestly class fond of fire rituals and oral chants, new social and gender hierarchies, the horse and chariot. Mixing with the locals forged a lighter-skinned elite that spoke Indo-European languages, or Prakrits. In the centuries ahead, larger political units led by tribal chiefs emerged in north India. War among Aryanized tribes like the Bharatas and Purus became common. From this substrate and its social conflicts came the early stories of the Mahabharata, c. 1000 BCE. Indo-Aryan culture and languages became dominant in Aryavarta, whose cultural and material qualities Arora will explore in this episode.
More than a thousand years after the Harappans, the next cities arose in the Gangetic Plain in mid-first millennium BCE. New states with money economies even flirted with democratic ideas. New hybrid cultures arose from the mixing of Indo-Aryans, post-Harappans, and ethnic groups whose ancestors had come to India much earlier. They forged new trades, lifestyles, and a thriving marketplace of spiritual and religious ideas. This prolific age-of the early Upanishads, the Buddha, Mahavira, Carvaka, Panini-would profoundly shape later Indians.
PARTIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY / FURTHER READING
Anthony, David W, The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World, Princeton, 2010
Bryant, Edwin, The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture: The Indo-Aryan Migration Debate, OUP, 2001
Devy, G N, Mahabharata: The Epic and the Nation, Aleph, 2022
Doniger, Wendy, The Hindus: An Alternative History, Penguin, 2009
Jha, D.N., The Myth of the Holy Cow, Navayana, 2010
Joseph, Tony, Early Indians, Juggernaut, 2018
Khan, Razib, The character of caste; Stark Truth About Aryans: a story of India; Stark Truth About Humans: a story of India, 'Unsupervised Learning' Substack, 2021
Kristiansen, K., Kroonen, G., & Willerslev, E. (Eds.), The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited: Integrating Archaeology, Genetics, and Linguistics. CUP, 2023
Kuz'mina, Elena E., The Origin of the Indo-Iranians, Brill, 2007
Mohan, Peggy, Wanderers, Kings, Merchants: The Story of India through Its Languages, Penguin, 2021
Modi, Jivanji Jamshedji, ‘The antiquity of the custom of Sati’, Anthropological Papers, 1929
Ollett, Andrew, Language of the Snakes: Prakrit, Sanskrit and the language order of premodern India, UC Press, 2017
Olsen, Birgit Anette (Editor), Tracing the Indo-Europeans: New evidence from archaeology and historical linguistics, Oxbow Books, 2019
Parpola, Asko, The Roots of Hinduism, Oxford University Press, 2015, p. 96-7
Reich, David, Who We Are and How We Got Here: Ancient DNA and the new science of the human past, OUP, 2018
Sen, Sudipta, Ganga: The Many Pasts of a River, Gurgaon, Viking, 2019
Shinde, Vasant, et al., ‘An Ancient Harappan Genome Lacks Ancestry from Steppe Pastoralists or Iranian Farmers’, Cell, Vol 179, Issue 3, Oct 17, 2019
Silva, Marina, et al., ‘A genetic Chronology for the Indian Subcontinent Points to Heavily Sex-biased Dispersals’, BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2017
Singh, Upinder, Political Violence in Ancient India, Harvard UP, 2017
Thapar, Romila, Early India, Penguin, 2002
Thapar, Romila, et al, Which of Us Are Aryans?, Aleph, 2019
Join The Wire's UA-cam Memberships to The Wire Crew start at Rs 89/month. / @thewirenews
What a Great Experience! At the Age 80+ I am learning the Origin of Indian Civilization. That too Unbiased!
the name of sponsor Raza foundation says it all
@@anantkris6350 please provide us mere mortals with that information or sources here.
Just saying propaganda is not enough any resonable person
@@anantkris6350 so there was not metal usage before this migration for agriculture?? I believe the reference you provided is from Michel Danino?? For sure every nation is a result wave of migration and invasion at some point, the question here is was that population of so called aryans invaders or not.. no one knows
@@centaurkt047 read about dravidian invasion also verified in cell journal // the dravidians are a bunch of immigrants from zagros mountains in iran // they wiped out africans [ a.s.i ] from india // literally no one talks about these zagrosian tribe
Genetic evidence can show that populations have mixed, and at what rate. If an out-group appears in small numbers through migration and their genes spread rapidly, that would indicate multiple marriages. I agree it sounds bad to hear of abduction of women but there is ample evidence of such practices in the distant past amongst many cultures.@@anantkris6350
After 33 years of existing on this planet and in this country I call India, I come to know its true origin history! Thank you for this.
Lol imagine being 33 and believing in propaganda
@@jagatsimulationYeah. Imagine buying bullshit from Politicians more than expertise of geneticists and archeological evidences 😂
@@frenchracqlett5368 if you go by genetics, the vedas were started by R1 haplogroups they migrated from undivided india to the Europe. By linguistics most of European languages were developed from Sanskrit. I don't like to say this actually because i believe the world is family. Only western historians divide people by races because they call themselves superior
@@frenchracqlett5368 Dyeus pitr is there in vedas, Dyeus pitr is there in greek and norse pantheon as zeus and jupitar. Me being hindu i didn't even know him before i read rigved. Once i started to read rigveda it blew mind because these ancient people really gone deep into understanding the universe. The way they did it is in primitive ways with their imagination, the modern scientists use modern methods to prove it. Every Europeans must read Atleast ten pages of rigveda to understand or atleast have an idea what their ancestors lifestyle. I know it would be different lifestyle but it would be atleast 20% similar.
Indians migrated to europe and shared their knowledge, even genetics studies proves it
Archaeologists make a lot of mistakes. Remember when they thought the Mayans only sacrificed virgins until they recently found that all the ones sacrificed were prepubescent males?
Who would have thought a 17 year old person like me would find identification with the Caravaks from all those centuries ago. Its liberating to know that the thoughts and opinions that trouble me and find ridicule in the present majoritarian age are not that uncommon and there were people just like me and perhaps some of us who saw past the oppression of religion.
the wire is not ubiased. the aryan invasion theory was formed by european historians for white supermacy. and it has been debunked many time.
Thank God, I had started to lose hope in the upcoming generation for sanity. But there is you
Don't feel bad...I'm 50 years old but I think I've been a Caravak since I was 10:-)
Oh I also cheered inside when he talked about this group! yes, yes yes! the violent (killing of horses - deplorable!), lengthy and wasteful rituals (precious saris into the fire, etc.) were a fabrication of MEN who were believing in a mythology that the gods must be appeased/ pleased with material offerings/ life taken. what about what is in our hearts? what about loving each other as our 'offering' back to that from which we came? no woman would have created such a system of spirituality, for taking life for no good reason is not LOVE!
when i was 17 yrs old i was also a charwark but when i came to know about aabrahammic ccult specially iislamb. i understand the importance of lord krishna's teaching to arjun in kurukshetra. So I gain enlightenment & i will never gonna become charwark again.. no doubt because of people like u iindia was sslave for nearly 700 yrs .
This is a perfect episode. Being a student of biology myself, and teaching linguistics , I debated about the religion on the same pathway. Thank you including all these aspects; linguistics, Genetic studies together. I also pray for your safety.
Funfact:Almost all humo sapeins evolved from East Africa and migrated every else 100000 years ago!
Yes. The Harappans were migrants as well (from the west -- Iran, when Balochistan had not become the impassable desert it is today). There were other locals at the time of the Harappan migrations.
@@ZZZ-ks3zs but harappans are earliest civilisation we find in the subcontinent
thats why africa is known as the cradle of humanity
According to Sanghis - Hinduism existed before that ok.
Also humans started using LARYNX by 50,000 BCE the time they arrived in INDUS VALLEY through YEMEN & OMAN
Wonderful experience ,for a history student like me ,to refresh my memories,after a lapse of 46 years.
Hinduism is not a foreign religion, it is better described as a diverse collection of traditions and practices originating from the Indian subcontinent. Its evolution encompasses a rich tapestry of regional nuances, with practices and deities varying across different parts of India. Over time, these varied traditions were collectively recognized under the umbrella term "Hinduism."
Acknowledging influences from Indo-European practices and gods, it's notable that some deities like Mithra, Vayu, and Agni were assimilated into Hinduism but assumed a demi-god status. Their invocation became specific to rituals like yajnas. In South India, distinctive gods such as Vishnu, Shiva, Murugan, and Ayyanar were worshipped under different names in ancient times. The landscape of Hindu worship is further diversified with practices like Naga worship in specific regions, Shakti worship in eastern India, and the widespread adoration of the sun god (Aditya) across all regions.
In North India, worship revolves around later versions of Puranic gods, prominently Rama and Krishna. The narrative that Hinduism is a religion of migrants is debunked by the intrinsic diversity and indigenous roots of its traditions.✌
It's a stolen version of Buddhism Especially Mahayana
Hindu term was given to us by Persians. Mr genius
@@drjagritisingh6569 as I said it's just an umbrella term for a set of diverse practices and yes the term is relatively very new I'm not disregarding that fact!
@@RAZONEbe_sep_aiii_0819 how can that even be true,when Buddha himself was following sanatan dharma before attaining enlightenment?🤣🤣
Yes and there were BRAHMIN who performed YAJNA when GAUTMA BUDDHA went to KAPILAVASTU after his enlightenment.
This was the time when son of King of kosala was mistreated by the people of sakya clan when he started playing with worship materials.
Even it is mentioned that SHAKYA clan was started by children of KING IKSHWAKU(ancestor of lord RAM) when they were exiled and they were helped by a BRAHMIN named KAPIL.
This is amazing👌👌
Eagerly waiting for the next episode
Feel really lucky to have found just the right thing at the right time at the right place to learn our history😁😃
BJP/Modi/Amit Shah and RSS need to be interrogated with these historical texts together with the common masses of India who are being misled and exploited by these rogue politicians.
Become more informed. Do not get swayed by propoganda and good production quality.
@@Aarmaxian your reply is obvious because you are among the indoctrinated stooge of BJP/RSS, who never like truth if it goes against their belief. So don't downplay the history which unfortunately goes against your philosophy. If possible for you come out of indoctrination .
@@anantkris6350 Since you belong to a school of perverted thought, since you are a beneficiary of that school of thoughts and reality of the historical facts haunts all the likes of you, you disown them and attempt to cement the existing flawed prevailing negative popular perception about the Indian culture. But you can't change the Gospel truth and cardinals of time.
pity on you bro, for getting carried away for leftist agenda. Read / listen to the Ancient Genetic studies reports published by Dr. Neeraj rai and others, to know the truth
And what about single party who were in power for long when history was written and certain narrative was given to divide india.
Why insecurity is still there in INDIA ? May be privious administration liked to promote one side story!!
Never could this Aryans have imagined that after 3500 people would be fighting a culture war over Aryans legacy
Superb video very interesting and informative
Is this history ?? this whole video is full of trash .
Don't believe an iota of what this man is saying! He has taken money to speak lies from the institution who doesn't want this revival!
there was no fight about aaryan legacy in india earlier but today it is there and it was started first by leftist propagandist. ...
This only goes to say, we live in a time where history is being systematically manipulated to benefit political gains. Time to wake up
How it is manipulated?
Original Indian history is systematically wiped out and replaced by imaginary folk tales
Yep. They want to give our history of greatness to the Europeans. Smh
When no one in India was interested in history, when Brahmins had forgotten meaning of Sanskrit shlokas, its the foreign historians who discovered and praised IVC, deciphered Brahmi script, made Sanskrit/Buddhism/Yoga/Indian Temple architecture popular. Our ruling party blindly loves it when narrative fits their agenda, but claims as European conspiracy when it doesnt. Hypocrisy ki bhi seema hoti hai.
This is a narcissistic bipolar attitude and only shows a deep inferiority feeling they harbor.
Oh, Europeans did mess up the subcontinent royally. There is no denying it.
गो or गौ is a generic word . It means cow and ox . Generally, calves were eaten. Please read Uttar Ramcharitam by Bhavabhuti. When Rishi Vashishth visits the Ashram of a Rishi , a tapas ( a young tapasvi) tells the other tapas that Guru Vashishth was visiting the Ashram and a calf would be sacrificed as Vashishth relished cooked beef with Madhpark , a kind of chatney.
I really can’t imagine killing a baby calf😂😂. Though am a non vegetarian. Earlier people were heartless.
@@AnirimaGhoshBack then agriculture wasn’t that massive so they have to rely on hunting and foraging 😅.
@@bijayahamal1668 yes. The couldn’t afford to be empathetic. By our standard they were heartless. And by their standard ( had they been here) we are on verge of ruining the earth.
@@AnirimaGhosh Ram was born after Ashwamedha Yaga. They would have killed hundreds.
Please talk about religions like Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivikas, Shivism and Vaishnavism, the rise, the conflict Between them in detail.
Hats off to you sir, you explored the facts and history in short videos. I am from tamilnadu, i was telling so many people about this, no one is ready to agree even with fact checks. Because those lost their history, they must adhere to the present mythological stories only. We won't hate them even though they migrated. But we hate their imposition of Vedic Hinduism which will affect our own history. We have protected our culture, language, heritage and temple architecture for a long time. We won't allow further Vedic varanasanam, we initiated to wipe the Vedic unequal culture from our society.
So you didn't have a warrior class in tamil society. A Vaniga community that is separate! And a andanar community, a siddhar community? All four of them working together will only strengthen society and a country! Don't imagine everything to be like America of today, that country is divided like hell as you see and still trying to figure out it's future. Europe worked by colonizing all over the world! Now falling apart as you can see! These are fake narratives spread by The Wire! Yeah everything was egalitarian before Steppe migration. Egalitarian like some communist country ruled by a polit bureau - we have seen all that!
Indian history is battle between buddhists and aryans - Dr. B. R. ambedkar
budda's parents were aryan or buddhist
dravidians are not native ,they are iranian farmers also dravidian itself comes from sanskrit
@@keshavtyagi948Nobody is Native. Everyone came from Africa.
@@keshavtyagi948 there is no thing called dravida. All south indians are aryans
@@keshavtyagi948 BS TBH. Any one who learans a north Indian language and a south indian language easily understands the difference. I am from Sri Lanka, and I learn both Sinhalese (a direct descendent of Sanskrit) and Tamil. The constructs are extremely alien to each other even after admixing for 20 centuries.
"There was a time in this very India when, without eating beef, no Brahmin could remains a Brahmin" Swami Vivekananda coat. !!!
Clear and concise representation of Indian history. I can fully appreciate the hardwork and research behind the videos.
This is an amazing initiative to add this series to educate people of real history of India.
This is an excellent coverage of history by Namit Arora. Really thankful from across the border. I am from Rohri (original Aror), Sindh, Pakistan near Moen Jo Daro and always wondered how various civilizations evolved in our region. Indus valley was the most egalitarian society with almost no palaces or signs of strong religious belief system. Graves and buried bodies indicate homogeneity in society levels.
I don't know whether you noticed that there is a Stupa right next to Moen jo Daro. It is the next oldest culture in Sindh which thrived probably for 600 years. Buddhist sites abound every corner of Sindh with magnificent statues of Buddha. Around 600 CE Brahmin dynasty defeats Buddhists and takes over Aror although most of the population remains Buddhists. I always wonder why there are no sign of Brahmin temples in Sindh from before 550 CE, probably because Brahminism was limited to the elite only before that date. With Arabs taking over Sindh in 712 CE. Interestingly there is also a mosque very near by, which was built around 720 CE. So the 4500 year old Indus valley site, next to many 2000-1500 year old Buddhist sites, next to a 1400 year old brahmin temple and a 1300 year old mosque, all side by side in Larkana Sindh.
A fascinating history: old Indus valley religions/cultures mixing with Indo European beliefs forming Brahminism whereas Buddhism and Jainism developing in parallel, followed by the arrival of Islam within 100 years of Brahminism takeover in Sindh. What a beautiful layer cake!
One more question:as you mentioned in your comment, brahmanism originated just 100 years before islam?is it the same in all over India?
@chhavisharma4582, my intention is not to delve into the exact origins of Brahminism or comment on other regions of India. However, I can share my observations from the archeological evidence I have seen in Sindh, Punjab, and the Harappa/Gandara regions. These artifacts indicate that while there are numerous relics from the ancient Indus Valley Civilization and BC Buddhist era, evidence of Brahminism appears to emerge only after the 6th century, coinciding with the rise of the Brahmin Chach dynasty in Sindh in the 7th century.
@@RazSyd before Buddhism,there wasn't idol worship. Cult following began after Buddhism or Jainism. But in sumer cult following began way before, that means racial mixing happened there first, that too with dravidians.
Just back from a trip to India, I started watching your lectures and I am so glad I can learn about the rich heritage of this amazing country. Thank you very much for sharing your knowledge!
so if the Aryans brought the horse, how is it that horses are clearly depicted on the walls of the Bhimbetka caves, dating to about 30,000 BP?
That's a common confusion. Bhimbetka consists of art from multiple periods. The same surface was often used by different peoples at different times. The oldest paintings at Bhimbetka are believed to be 12,000 years old (a disputed estimate); more recent paintings date from the first millennium BCE. All depictions of the horse in these caves come from the post-Aryan period.
oh thank you so much for the clarification; that makes sense! I realize I'm probably quoting habitation of caves from 30,000 BP, not the art. I'm in early stages of working on an upcoming video for my channel that will be about the pre-history of south Asia, and found the art of the caves to be just stunning! I'm not an archaeologist or historian, so I'm learning as I go! I LOVE your work and am about to watch your next video on my list, with my (Indian) breakfast...@@thevoid7460
do we know when the bow and arrow appeared in South Asia?@@thevoid7460
@@thevoid7460kinko samja rahe ho ye tho Mahabharat ko sach mante hai
You are true history teacher sir salute to you..
Great and excellent presentation of the Aryans and the Vedic Age. Thank you, Namit Arora and the Wire.
I'm enjoying learning Indian History in my 50s. Thanks a lot Sir Ji
Excellent episode and narration. Wonder if coming episodes will cover the other parts of the subcontinent. Keep up the good work.
There is no archeological evidence
@@RAZONEbe_sep_aiii_0819 evidence to prove what? Who has evidence of anything as a matter of fact?
thank you for this service 🙏 exemplary
This brief history of us Indians with so much proof and logical plausibility is so important, especially in these times we are living in.
Sorry sir, the culture and earlier sanskrit was not developed by people who came from central Asia,they did not give us the vedas.
Vedas were developed by native Indians.
Yes migration is natural process.
But sinhauli shows , native Indians used horses, this devide is only a westen/British concept, how come there is no continuation of that kind of early language or evidence of that in central India, native Indians have also gone out of the subcontinent.
And yes there was exchange between cultures , Harappan seals have been found in mesopotamia., due to recent discoveries it is known that the ancient Indian civilization has been pushed back to 7000 bce,
Where is the DNA evidence sir?
There is evidence of cultural and economic exchange.
Sanskrit has definitely not come from outside, is there evidence of any such language in central India
Sinhauli shows chariots that are horse driven before the so called Aryan theory.
Yes, the oral tradition sir,
I ask as a student, please furnish the DNA reports that you may have studied
Aryan migration theory is true.Indus civilization that time no aryans coming this indus civilization. That time not Saraswati River.River Name sindhu River.Then This is Indian Tamil civilization..JOURNEY OF CIVILIZATION INDUS TO VAGAI BOOK IS MAIN PROOF ... Then i am also lot evidence available people speak to Mainly Tamil language only.. Why?..I have proof.
1.) TAMIL language total Number of inscription 67000 nos.. Then inscription age 700.B.C.
2.)SANSKRIT total inscription is 4500 only..Sanskrit INSCRIPTION is 100.B.C
3.)Sangam literature lot proof avaialable..Sangam Literature land wise People how survive lot poem available. Kurinji land - mountain land, Mullai land- Tree land, Marutham land -aggreculture land, Neythal land - sea land, Paalai land - Desertland or Sand land or waste land,So land wise poem avaialable..Sangam
Litrature lot poem avaialable in desert land poems..Sangam Literature writing 2500 year ago..
This is the mainly Proof ..
India lot INSCRIPTION avaialable
1.) Tamizhi inscription
2.)Poly language inscription
3.)Ashoca inscription
4.)Devanagari inscription..
5.)SANSKRIT inscription
Then Tamil language world wide Lot of evidence is available. But Sanskrit evidence little bit only available..
Tamil Literature Sangam Literature Three Sangams wrote poems and developed the Tamil language. Names of those three Sangams.
1.)First Association 2.)Second Association 3.) Third Association.
Sangha literature is reorganized and written between 600 BC and 1300 AD. 1.) Poems of the First Sangam relate to events before 6000 BC. 2.) Poems of the Second Sangam relate to events which took place before 2500 BC. Says it like a song. 3.) The hymns of the Third Sangam relate events from 800 BC to 1200 AD.
The following are not mentioned in any literature in India. The following has been said in only one literature and that is Sangam literature only. Apartment buildings, Sewerage, Bricks, Forts, Education, Straight roads, Seals, What creatures were around the Indus Valley?, How many types of trees were around the Indus Valley?, What kind of clothes did the people of the Indus Valley wear?, What were their foods?, People of the Indus Valley Literature is one that can tell about daily life and many more things. It is Sangam literature.
Indus Valley has more than 2100 Sangam literary town names. These names date back to 5000 BC..the evidence is journey of civilization indus to vaigai book.latitude and longitude are given in this book..the names of this town are only in two areas. One is in Indus Valley in Pakistan and the other is in Tamil Nadu in India..Indus Valley has more Sanga Literary town names than Tamil Nadu..
As Tamil language is very ancient it has changed in every period. Tamil language has changed more than 15 times so its ancient form is not readable now. The alphabet of the Tamil language can be read twelve times, but its primitive form cannot be read. But the Aryans destroyed the source of it...Sanskrit was created by the Tamils themselves. The meaning of Sanskirudam is not even in Rigveda. That meaning is 'Samaikka patta kirudam '. If so, it is a 'Samaikka patta language'. English meaning is cooked language..Created with Tamil grammar and words from literature of many languages..
Everyone explores Indus Valley north and east of India there is no evidence there. But they don't want to explore south of India and places around Indian ocean..why India doesn't allow it..
Sanskrit has come from outside and Aryans brought it.
There's a pact btw Mittani empire and Egyptian and in that some vedic Hindu gods name were taken, even the names of Mittani kings are similar to Sanskrit.
Also if you look at the language similarity with Indo Iranian grp with Sanskrit it's lot closer.
Also in Ved the Aryans talk about Adivashi meaning those who lived on this land for ages.
They clearly don't see themselves as the native of the land otherwise why would they used that term to refer the local and not themselves?
Rig Ved Aryan people also interestingly only include geography of present day Pakistan and North India.
All of these indicates migration from Afghanistan side towards north India.
@@roopaligangopadhyay5690in sinauli no horse fossils has been found it is just a lie it is not proven till now even the people from indus valley civilization has never ever made a craving or a drawing of horse on seals
Why even look at other stuff when the DNA evidence has conclusively established that Aryans came from Central Asia and were not natives to the land …not that it matters except to debunk Hindu nationalist claims regarding how their form of Hinduism is native to India unlike Islam and Christianity…
We appreciate the unbiased views with which you present. Looking at History academically, unbiased and without any attachment to one's own roots should be the fundamental quality of a history narrator. You pass🎉
Statement 3:
Aryans were light skinned, locals were dark skinned. They mated, used aggressive power and culturally diffused.
Where is the evidence for all this ?
I am surprised that the wire would allow stuff like this to be published.
Have you read any of the research paper of gene distribution of europeans and india? because the research is very clear on that aspect
I have read, but I am not a technical expert. What is clear is that there is no difference between light skinned and dark skinned Indian. A tamilian has exactly the same genes as a Punjabi.
Besides, culture doesn't spread through just genetics. So theory of migration cannot be based on genetics of humans.
Genetics of cattle is another matter. Indian cow ( bos Indicus) is uniquely Indian. Pastoralists from Central Asia came without cows, and domesticated Indian Cows ?
Dude, I am not a Hindu nationalist, nor I am a supporter of the current govt policies.
But, I have my bullshit radar on. I am surprised that the wire let this one slip. I have unsubscribed the wire due to this.
Ban propaganda.
@@stalinsamprasbro Aryans were linguistic group not colour based races means they can be dark also.
Upper caste Hindus who have considerable aryan(Indo-European) ancestry are generally light-skinned,I say this as an upper caste Hindu myself.
Loved your balanced presentation of the pertinent information. To your followers I strongly recommend your book which I’ve just purchased.
Even Hindhu Nationalist workers has to realise what they are doing to this land.
1.Brahmins are not Gods.
2.Sindhu people who are the BC , SC ,ST are more than 80% population today .
3.We are the first greatest scholars, engineers, skilled people on earth.
3.We are robbed, killed, abused and decieved by these Aryans tribes.
Unfortunately, this is still happening today
4. Understand who , How , and WHY castes happened in these lands .
5. Read Sanathan, Manu Dharma once . You will understand why Ramayan and Mahabharat were created.
dravidians are not native ,they are iranian farmers also dravidian itself comes from sanskrit
Khatris jaat brahmins are aryans and thier body features shows clearly
Aryans are native Indians, it's no political Idea, recent evidence shows
Only jatts & Rajputs carry highest Aryan dna then any community brhamins have lost almost all of it
Watch from 6.09. Local women were abducted and coerced for sex. Such offspring are Brahmins, Kshatriyas and others ranging according to the coercion.
@@PakistaniPunjabi😂😂
Harappan culture and society was more sophisticated than that brought by Aryan or other groups…
Similar to keeladi civilization tamilnadu
Great Episode! Thanks for keeping it real, and away from communist and hindutvawadi propoganda history.
Wow! This is by far the best video on this topic I have seen! Congratulations 🎉
The Aryan theory mentioned here, is not true and new evidence had refuted completely, yes central Asians did migrate as a work force, which is a natural process even today
So glad and encouraged by this unbiased educational series. Munch needed in this age of miss information
Watching ....and again watching .... I am spellbound....
Sir, Aryan bringing in language theory is not true,
There is evidence is native of our subcontinent going out for trade, Aryans are native Indians and Sanskrit did develop here, there is no evidence or continuation of such a language in central Asia.
Migration is a natural process and people may have entered and assimilated as happens even today,but why can't they explain the evidence in Sinhauli that pushes the date of our civilization
Interesting storytelling
This is such a great series. please make it available in Hindi or wider reach.
Amazing true history. This is how history should be based on facts and evidence
Please my friend , the idea of sanskrit coming from central।Asia is not true, and it is no Hindu radicalism, there is no continuation of such a language in central Asia,
Yes there is economic and cultural exchange between civilizations...
And yes migration is a natural process
Point is clear aryan and sanskrit is migration things
But still cultural face of this country
Even dravidian and tamil is a migration things
So who were the local people? Bull crap theories.
Hat’s off to this video.
Please continue this series..love it❤
Superb
Not sure about the unbiased nature of this documentary. Agree that evidence shows Aryan migration to India in waves before common era, but saying Aryan brought the Hindu religion is probably wrong. Like any migration, new ideas and customs are introduced, and mixed in the existing culture, and same happened with Aryan people also. Their idea got mixed in the existing culture and overtime The indigenous population developed the Indian knowledge system, including the Hindu religion. giving credit to Aryan people for bringing Hinduism is wrong. If Dravidians are not Aryans, then how come, they have such a strong roots in Hindu religion.
Exactly
So we could agree Dravidians were in India before Aryans. Probably they were in Sri Lanka before Aryans settled in. However there are NO historical artefacts showing Hindu shrines throughout the subcontinent, predating Aryans. Sri lanka was probably te last area in SC that was settled by Aryans, and here also the earliest Hindu shrines are only around 8th century CE. Recently in South India in Keeladi some 8th century BCE artefacts were found. Surprise, no Hindu shrines. Infact it is wrong to believe that the peaceful religion called Hinduisim actually even existed in pre-Upanishad era. That "Hinduism" looks extremely cruel and extremist.
All of it on point. Thank you for the presentation.
Jaw droppingly captivating❤❤
Well done
Thanks. Very insightful and very unbiassed.
I've watched 2 episodes so far. While there is a fleeting mention of South India, this history largely focuses on the north. I hope your remaining episodes will prove me wrong
And can you explain why the migration might not have been outward and do go check out skeleton of a women found in rakhigarhi which completely busts this steppe migration theory also.
True
If I read the paper correctly, it says Indus Valley people form the majority of DNA in India, which is expected given the proximity. However it doesn't refute that there is a contribution - an ancient one at that - from the steppes.
I love these series. Such a wonderful slow paced calm narration
There is plenty of evidence for Aryan culture in central Asia before migration to India. Many Kurgan graves have been found there showing vedic culture as decribed in rig veda. Watch Dan Davis series on Yamnaya culture and David Anthony's book Horse wheel and the chariot.
Kindly make this series in Hindi as well for broader reach. It's a necessity.
Lie, show me a single archeological evidence.
In previous videos there is an evidence of statue but in small shape , it shows that they used to worship their ancestors. Yogic postures (pranam mudra), swastik symbols, even any ritual today whether death ritual, or any Pooja ceremony can't be completed without earthen pots.
Necklaces, hairstyles of women , bangles ( it's style is same and still in fashion), shankha bangles are still important for newly wed women, metal bangles( earlier copper)now in form of gold , silver ,brass are still in fashion for both man and woman, before every marriage Peepal is worshiped, in many parts on Saturday people still go to peepal tree for worship.
There is no evidence of ARYAN migration . Recent findings in GUJRAT have all proofs. First invasion happened in 7th century bce by PERSIAN , then ALEXANDER ( GREEK) , GREEK attack was revised after fall of MAURYAN EMPIRE and they stayed there for almost 200 years
Left wing fanatics never stop their propaganda.
@@DS-rr8ih don’t confuse folk hinduism with vedic hinduism. Many aspects of the folk religion were mixed with the aryan religion. Vedic hinduism is an outsider religion moreover the sanskrit language as well.
@@BrokenSoldier1515 still it is not proven. There is no religion like vedic. Ved is a book of knowledge. Ved means to know or to gain knowledge.
There is nothing like religion. But it was created after islamic invasion.
There is no God. The believers are illiterate but the who knows that there is no god then he is literate one.
Dharm is not religion but later on everything was distorted by foreigners and their useless belief system.
Very beautifully explained. Please continue the series.
Well narrated
Thank you so much, I Found all my answers. Which I was questioning from long time🙏🏽.
Bijaya Hamal
1. My question is when was the Veda written ?
2. Which language and scripts were used to write Vedas?
3. When was the Nagari script developed ?
4. Prakruti with Dhama script is older or Sanskrit with Nagari script?
5. If Sarvati Sindhu civilization was there with Sanskrit language used by the vedic people of that time then how would it be possible that there was no scripts for it's Sanskrit during that time but only found in post-Buddhist time that to after Asoka?
6. If saravati -sindhu civilization used Sanskrit then how come there would be another language and scripts called IVC which still have not been deciphered?
7. When Asoka was writing prakruti with dhama script what were the Vedic scholars doing to preserve veda and for that why they had to wait until the development of nagari script ( script of Naga Kings) to write Sanskrit to preserve Veda?
8. When Asoka was using multiple languages ( Prakruti, Greek, Kharosti, Aramaic) to write his state rules based on Buddha's Prinicles for the reading of different people having different languages why did he not write anything of sanskrit during that time?
9. Can we assume that Asoka was not exposed to Sankskri (reformed) language called Sanskrit during his time or Sanskrit was not developed with any scripts that time?
10. How is it possible that the same Asoka was able to read and write foreign language called Greek but not indigenous language
Sanskrit during his rock edicts and time?
atleast before 2500 BCE.
Dr baba bhimrao ambedkar ji book Buddha and his damma says that Buddha read Vedas upanishad,
Kudos for the effort. Keep uploading this series.
Very educative episodes,find it very useful
Excellent way of summarizing the major events and processes.
First time learning Indian history and it is so fascinating. Thank you!
one of the best videos I've seen. also please explain what was happening in the rest of the parts of Indian sub-continent at the same time
It's a lie
Could you please make more such videos.
Is there an Episode 3 or further Episodes of this thought provoking series?
@vikramdawar1195 Read about oxus civilization (BMAC). Many waves of Aaryans (proto indo Iranians) came to India. But not all called Brahmins, those who came through oxus civilization, brought braminism. They used to worship Indra, Agni devta (fire rituals), goddess sitting on lion. They used to have Somras (Amrit). They used to play gambling. They were non-vegetarian and brought horses chariot (rath). Mahabharata and Ramayana were written later. Then people started worshipping Rama and Krishna.
Super News ThankyouSir
Who said history is boring...At least Indian history seems to be very interesting. Descendants of Beef eaters who converted themselves to vegetarianism to counter the competition from Buddhism and Jaina traditions of vegetarianism thousands of years ago are now hunting the streets of UP to catch beef eaters😂
Thanks to Mr.Arora for this enlightening series. Hope rightwing nationalists will stop victimising non-vegetarians for their cheap political stunts.
People can change their food habits it's very much normal.
People who wants to eat b**f can move to those places where it's normal to have it.
History also proves that the people migrated from Africa and settled in the south and so they are dark skinned and tall. The people of North India even called them Rakshas, says history. What we have in India are the influences from outside including the thousands of gods and deities. Not just Greek mythological gods but it starts from Sumerian spiritual connections. Those are the fallen angels and their offspring.
Vedic Gods Indra, Varun, Mitra and Agni also appeared in Hurrian language spoken in Mitanni kingdom during 2nd millennium B.C. according to several reputed researchers. I would request Mr Chopra to enlighten us further on this.
wow - interesting! thanks for sharing this! I bet there are also cognates in the Iranian culture...
no u don't have complete knowledge the common people of mittani empire used to speak hurrian (urartian language ~ now extinct ) but there kings and priest used to speak sanskrit language not iranian.
Perhaps. I need to do some research. But do not jump to conclusions too fast. Vedic gods Saraswati and Ganesha are part of Japanese culture as well. Civilization vise, Japanese culture is also mostly continuous and as old as Indian.
Aryan migration theory is true.Indus civilization that time no aryans coming this indus civilization. That time not Saraswati River.River Name sindhu River.Then This is Indian Tamil civilization..JOURNEY OF CIVILIZATION INDUS TO VAGAI BOOK IS MAIN PROOF ... Then i am also lot evidence available people speak to Mainly Tamil language only.. Why?..I have proof.
1.) TAMIL language total Number of inscription 67000 nos.. Then inscription age 700.B.C.
2.)SANSKRIT total inscription is 4500 only..Sanskrit INSCRIPTION is 100.B.C
3.)Sangam literature lot proof avaialable..Sangam Literature land wise People how survive lot poem available. Kurinji land - mountain land, Mullai land- Tree land, Marutham land -aggreculture land, Neythal land - sea land, Paalai land - Desertland or Sand land or waste land,So land wise poem avaialable..Sangam
Litrature lot poem avaialable in desert land poems..Sangam Literature writing 2500 year ago..
This is the mainly Proof ..
India lot INSCRIPTION avaialable
1.) Tamizhi inscription
2.)Poly language inscription
3.)Ashoca inscription
4.)Devanagari inscription..
5.)SANSKRIT inscription
Then Tamil language world wide Lot of evidence is available. But Sanskrit evidence little bit only available..
Tamil Literature Sangam Literature Three Sangams wrote poems and developed the Tamil language. Names of those three Sangams.
1.)First Association 2.)Second Association 3.) Third Association.
Sangha literature is reorganized and written between 600 BC and 1300 AD. 1.) Poems of the First Sangam relate to events before 6000 BC. 2.) Poems of the Second Sangam relate to events which took place before 2500 BC. Says it like a song. 3.) The hymns of the Third Sangam relate events from 800 BC to 1200 AD.
The following are not mentioned in any literature in India. The following has been said in only one literature and that is Sangam literature only. Apartment buildings, Sewerage, Bricks, Forts, Education, Straight roads, Seals, What creatures were around the Indus Valley?, How many types of trees were around the Indus Valley?, What kind of clothes did the people of the Indus Valley wear?, What were their foods?, People of the Indus Valley Literature is one that can tell about daily life and many more things. It is Sangam literature.
Indus Valley has more than 2100 Sangam literary town names. These names date back to 5000 BC..the evidence is journey of civilization indus to vaigai book.latitude and longitude are given in this book..the names of this town are only in two areas. One is in Indus Valley in Pakistan and the other is in Tamil Nadu in India..Indus Valley has more Sanga Literary town names than Tamil Nadu..
As Tamil language is very ancient it has changed in every period. Tamil language has changed more than 15 times so its ancient form is not readable now. The alphabet of the Tamil language can be read twelve times, but its primitive form cannot be read. But the Aryans destroyed the source of it...Sanskrit was created by the Tamils themselves. The meaning of Sanskirudam is not even in Rigveda. That meaning is 'Samaikka patta kirudam '. If so, it is a 'Samaikka patta language'. English meaning is cooked language..Created with Tamil grammar and words from literature of many languages..
Everyone explores Indus Valley north and east of India there is no evidence there. But they don't want to explore south of India and places around Indian ocean..why India doesn't allow it..
@@vijaygarikipati6087
Japanese got that from Buddhism.
There's whole time period of Hindu kings like Cholas were spreading Hindu culture in South East India.
Excellent video base on historical records and artifacts, to bring the new need light in the Indo Aryan great noble tradition and culture which lead to the divine cosmic order of peace and coexistence. Peace
When Indians look at each other, differences in religion and caste disappear. What remains is a connection passed down through generations-a story shaped by the ancestors who settled this land, carrying life and legacy in their hands for thousands of years.❤
said the Brahmin to the Adivasi?
@@devidaughter7782 so what is wrong with a bbrahmin and a adivasis or other caste.They are still better than aabrahammic ccult specially iislammic ccult.
Very nice narrative.
Exceptional piece of work at a critical time in Indian history. While communist govts are only comfortable with intentionally promoting a certain narrative of history, a political part is in India subscribing to the same “one narrative” history of India to polarize the country around them at the cost of dividing the country.. This documentary is refreshing because it provides fact based evidence for another perspective based on evidence. In democracies citizens can have diverse narratives of history and it Doesnt have to be through the eyes of one group or one religion. Thank you for this exceptional work, Natasha.
@@anantkris6350 In the Hindu epics monarchs are mentioned to have multiple wives.
And what about common people.
You can have if you wish, anyway aldutry is not a crime but if we stuck in same era then it will be a loss of modern civilised society . There is no monarchy now in INDIA@@kartiksreedhar4219
Communist governments?? LoL, name some.
A great and concise rendition of this period! Great work.
beautifully made movie. this is fit to be in a history class.
One of the best series I have ever seen.
I knew this. OMG ... thank you the Wire. Now whole world can know the real Indians. Sadly SC ST BC and minorities also think they are hindus.
Can't wait for next episode.
Same here 🎉
I hope you also know about dravidian invasion theory ,, the dravidians have came from Iran zagros mountains region // and they have ethnically cleansed african tribes of india [ some of them can be still found in andamans island ]
It is not depend on sc st obc or general 😂 mostly obc castes are not Dravidian and all general castes are not Aryans 😂 only Yadav's and brahamins are Aryans and rajputs jaat gurajars are descendants of sakas, kushanas, huns and too much more castes are descendants of the different different races which attacked India in a long time period only sc st are the Dravidian and mostly south india
Hinduism, far from being a foreign religion, is better described as a diverse collection of traditions and practices originating from the Indian subcontinent. Its evolution encompasses a rich tapestry of regional nuances, with practices and deities varying across different parts of India. Over time, these varied traditions were collectively recognized under the umbrella term "Hinduism."
Acknowledging influences from Indo-European practices and gods, it's notable that some deities like Mithra, Vayu, and Agni were assimilated into Hinduism but assumed a demi-god status. Their invocation became specific to rituals like yajnas. In South India, distinctive gods such as Vishnu, Shiva, Murugan, and Ayyanar were worshipped under different names in ancient times. The landscape of Hindu worship is further diversified with practices like Naga worship in specific regions, Shakti worship in eastern India, and the widespread adoration of the sun god (Aditya) across all regions.
In North India, worship revolves around later versions of Puranic gods, prominently Rama and Krishna. The narrative that Hinduism is a religion of migrants is debunked by the intrinsic diversity and indigenous roots of its traditions.
dravidians are not native ,they are iranian farmers also dravidian itself comes from sanskrit
Amazing documentary and factual too
Even, I m sick but listening to this, It helped me to know who Indians are.❤
Religion word itself a drug. Given to people with fear, lies, and oppressive laws.
@@DS-rr8ih ...Here matter is not religion but who you are.
such a well-curated piece of work!
Informative series! Can you please put these videos as downloadables (hosted in your website, torrents etc) once you monetize them enough from youtube? You never know when these will get banned and removed from youtube .
Loving this series! Especially this episode was very enlightening!
Eye opening series. This needs to be also made in Hindi so as to reach masses. kudos to the team
Sir please cover scythian(Saka) and Kushan influence over India
Very informative narration and the clarity is admirable
Excellent, thanks
After 21:00, my sense is that there is more evidence for democratic institutions like mass assemblies in ancient Greece than in the Indian 'republics' (even though Diodorus does use the word 'demokratia' of the Indian city-states).
History become cool ❤
I couldn't thank you enough for this factual information and truth. Please keep going.
Factual? 😂😂😂😂
At last, reality hits! Excellent. History based on fact not fiction.
Thanks 🙏 sir
History has a strong impact on our perspectives about life. But unfortunately history was used as an agenda to propogate a particular narrative. In schools we were all taught vedic religion was time immemorial and mythology was taught as true history. I really appreciate the efforts of modern scholars for helping the common man understand the history and shaping our perspectives especially in theses times of growing fascism in India where there is no place for truth.
Thanks for the very objective explanations of the different periods of history.
Please talk about the archological findings in Tamilnadu. Keezhladi civilization in Vaigai river basin, the Athirampakkam excavations, Adichanallur excavations in Tuticorin district in Tamil nadu. Please talk about the people who lived in South India, Dravidians. Please also talk about sentinels in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. They are the orginal inhabitants of India. Anyone who looks different from Sentinels are a mixed race. So you seem to say all black skinned south Indians are depicted as Asuras or demons in these Epics. When were these epics Written, when were these Vedas compiled..? Were they all compiled all at once..?
They are just running their propaganda! It's a common theme here!
they won't talk about keeled civilisation as it proves AIT as completely wrong. the Brahmi inscriptions found on the pottery found in keeledi is same as what is found in rakhigarhi and other Indus Valley civilisations, which proves that there was on aryan invasion at all
@@cmreddy108 The Brahmi scripts shouldnt be called so. It should be called Gupta scripts. It's an archeological blunder committed by Brutish and European archeologists. It should be called Gupta scripts. They were called stick figure scripts, Mauryan scripts, Indo pali scripts before 1877. Brahmi Script name was given after an archaeologist named it from a Buddhist text that brahamma is the god of everything. The edicts of Ashoka were called 'Dhamma Lipi' or the inscription of Dharma that too in Prakrit script. He didn't call his edicts as Brahmi scripts. It was just Dhamma Lipi.
@@cmreddy108recent studies shows that SANGAM PERIOD dates back to 800 BCE earlier they say it happened around 300 bce to 300AD , may be it will be proved to be more ancient after further excavation.
we don't have any script for tamil culture before 350 bce but scientist did find a small idol of lord murugan ( kathikeye) with trishul( trident) near present day tamil nadu ( don't remember the village name ) but they dated and they found that lord karthikeya idol was around 1100-900 bce old.
Thanks for a rational analysis the narrative of whuch was also witty. Can you discuss how it relates to what was happening in modern Turkey as Gobekly Tepe?
Wonderful. A huge support and salute to the entire the wire team.🎉
Fabulous description 👌
Great work The Wire team... Really need to narrate the true historical developments in India... So much of mis-information has clouded the minds of most of our citizens... They need to know the truth n facts n not fall for right wing propagandas... Hope ur videos get all popularity soon 🙏🙏
It's a lie
A lot of research shows that Aryans didn’t conquer the IVC directly. It was a mix, with certain kingdoms becoming indo aryan, others being Dravidian. They fought and sometimes allied. Eventually, over millennia, the indo aryan culture had a cultural front in north India.
Secondly, not only Adivasis and Dalits have low single digit Steppe in South India, but also upper castes, such as landlord castes, as well.
Sir, you've explained so well that I'm more intrested in learning about what happened next. I suggest, you should continue the series😊😊😊
Smooth excellent rendition.