His full name is (AbduRahman Ibn Mohammad Ibn Khaldoon) meaning (AbduRahman son of Mohammad son of Khaldoon) so basically when you're referring to him by just "Khaldoon" you're calling him by his grandparent's name. Al-Moqadema is the abstract or introduction before any research, Ibn Khaldoon's introduction was so big and so detailed that people mistake it for the actual book. The encyclopedia he wrote was 8 books long the last one of them is the table of contents the first is the "introduction/moqademah" that's everyone is talking about. The encyclopedia's name is "Ketab Al-Ebar" that translate "the book of (lessons)" as there's no English word I'm aware of for the Arabic word Ebar that means something deeper than a lesson and more like some kind of teaching that you'd (comprehend) rather than (learn).
Glad that someone finally pointed this out, as most people underestimate his literature heritage and his genius, as they think his "Muqaddima" is his greatest work, when it's only the Introduction of his larger massive work "Kitab al-ʿIbar".
How to recognize a decaying civilization: 1. Disparity of wealth (economy) 2. Hatred against lower class not limited to ethnicity, religion, migrants, etc. (Social cohesion) 3. Deaths of scholars/scholarly works (anti-progress of knowledge/sciences) 4. Rise of calamity businesses such as war/conquest, life/death, food/famine (fueled by previous ranks)
@@DaveHawthorne-lk9mz i guess the point number 5 and 6 could be counted as number 4 as ideology often used as a tool to mobilize manpower for warfare. Moreso now that warfare or rather the mass production of armaments become the interest of the elite politician of the top nation
disconnection of ruling classes from reality, moral standards and instinctive behaviours of human kind , blind greed, will cause civilization to collapse ?
Michael G Hopf must have copied from Ibn Khaldoun when he said: "Hard times create strong men; strong men create good times; good times create weak men; weak men create bad times."
old saying ...."the strength of an army is seen by the thinness of the potatoes peels" and .............."the worst the food the more ferocious the warriors "
لهذا السبب لازم الرجال ابدا مايرتاحون، لو الصبيان اشتغلوا من سن بلوغهم بدل لعب البلايستيشن كان وصلوا لين الجامعة وهم مجمعين ثمن مهر، الحين تحصل رجال طول وعرض وشنب من بلد أمن وأمان واقتصاد ويشتكون من كل شي وبالمقابل تحصل شباب مراهقين يتزوجون ويخلفون بدول فقيرة جدا، اتخيل بس لو الدول الغنية ما أعطت لشبابها فرصة بالرخاء، بتكون أقوى من جميع النواحي، السمنة والكسل بيقل والمال والخلفة بيزدادون الراحة خطر، حتى صرنا نشوف شباب يتشبهون بالنساء والسبب يرجع لها، الحضارات ماتحتاج مجاعة وحروب عشان تتفادى هذي النتيجة
Ibn Khaldun stands as a towering figure in the annals of intellectual history. His *Muqaddimah* is a masterpiece of historical and social analysis that transcends its time, offering groundbreaking theories on the dynamics of civilizations, social cohesion, and economic development. His profound insights into the nature of human societies and his innovative methodologies have earned him a place among the greatest thinkers of all time. Ibn Khaldun’s visionary contributions have shaped the fields of sociology, historiography, and economics, making his work not only a cornerstone of Islamic scholarship but a universal beacon of intellectual brilliance.
Idk about his impact on sociology, if only cause two sociology classes HS and college level, and no one ever mentioned him or his work. But my HS teacher failed me. Said I was being lazy w my answers. I copied from the smart kids, w my own words 😂
He recognized, like most Muslim scientists using the Quran, that everything has laws. Even societies have fixed laws. Much like the physical world, there are action and reaction, inertia, causality, periodic events...
Without exageration, AL Mukaddima (prologue or introduction to his other masterpiece : the universal history or / the book of examples) of Ibn Khaldoun is one of the most interesting books (if not the best) dealing with history, politics, sociology, culture, art, economy and many other civilization-related topics. The main question he attempted to address was how and why civilizations rise and fall. The most interesting aspect of his reflexions is the introduction of the notion of causality. Some analysis he developed and which are still valid until today: the to-do and not-to-do regarding taxation, the basic rules of hiring people, how and why professions/jobs do prosper, some rules of market competition. The man was Born in modern day Tunisia. He lived in Tunis, Algeria, morocco and Egypt among others. He had many highs and lows in his life, served many kings of his time and lived with Tamerlan for a short period. Al Mukaddima can be found on the net in many languages. However, in order to better grasp the content one needs to have some basic knowledge of the history of the Muslim world and its mechanics. If you are to read it, read it slowly and thoughtfully; and if you can, read it more than once.
I remember as a kid my father bought me the Muqadimah, which was a thick book that weights like 5kg i read a bit of it in my childhood, and i remember the stereotypes about tribes, arabs and blacks and nordics but what was mind blowing was what he said about taxation and how it affects the economy and rise and fall of a civilization and how it's influenced by the social and cultural status of the ruling class, corruption waste money and thus taxation become heavy and complicated, and it push people to bribes and thus it create a class of people who only feed on illicite acitivities and thus ruin the culture and morals of the civilization and cause it's decadence.
sciences originally Arabic and when u graduate university u dress Arab robe and tarbin because the first university in the world in North Africa morrocco
Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) was a prominent 14th-century Tunisian scholar, historian, and philosopher who made groundbreaking contributions to the fields of sociology, economics, political theory, and historiography. He is considered a forerunner of modern social sciences and a key figure in the philosophy of history. Key Concepts and Theories: * 'Asabiyyah: Ibn Khaldun's concept of social cohesion and group solidarity, which he saw as the driving force behind the rise and fall of civilizations. * Cyclical view of history: Ibn Khaldun believed that societies and states go through a cycle of rise, peak, and eventual decline, driven by changes in 'asabiyyah. * Importance of crafts and skills: He emphasized the mastery of crafts, habits, and skills as crucial for the development and progress of societies. * Role of religion: Ibn Khaldun believed that religion plays a vital role in guiding individuals and communities towards ethical conduct and righteous behavior. * Empirical approach to history: He advocated for a critical and analytical method for understanding history, focusing on social, economic, and cultural factors.
@FM-vo8pb When Ibn Khaldun lived in Tunisia, it was known as Ifriqiya (The term evolved from the Roman "Province of Africa," which was later arabized to "Ifriqiya." Over time, "Ifriqiya" came to refer to the entire continent, leading to the modern term "Africa" that is used today.) This term referred to the region encompassing modern-day Tunisia, under the rule of the Hafsid dynasty during his lifetime (1332-1406)
@@FM-vo8pb"ifriqiya" the name of Tunisia before in the ancient world (the name of the continent of Africa come from the name "ifriqia" the ancient name of the country Tunisia today) Ibn khaldoun from "ifriqya", born in "ifriqya" (the ancient name of Tunisia)
@@philosopheasy- Ibn Khaldun was expertly developing the Qur'anic thesis explaining the rise and fall of peoples based on their moral and ethical probity; that civilisations evolve according to how well and badly the institution of justice in that society is effected. The normalisation of immorality resulting in inevitable injustice marking the decline and fall of such societies.
My brother had a simpler explanation. He said it took 3 generations to make a 'gentleman'. The first to fight to create the wealth, the second to trade and consolidate wealth and the third produced an educated 'gentleman', who lost all the wealth.
@@bunyip5841 Bismarck said, the first creates the foundation, the second expands, the third preserves, the fourth gambles it away, the fifth studies history of arts and decays in misery.
@@schurlbirkenbach1995 That's right. It is attributed to Bismarck. My brother's observation reflected our own experience growing up in a post colonial society where the decline among the remaining colonials was as apparent as it was rapid.
@@bunyip5841 Well I believe, success needs hard work but also luck and favorable times. I grew up in Central Europe (Austria ) and there individual success was unterrupted two times. Real stability which made planning possible did not develop before 1950.
Like the rest of the natural world, humanity is a restless, wondering, adaptable species seeking out temporary havens in a forever-changing world where we may survive and flourish. There is no end to this struggle so gentlemen maybe a temporary, hopefully reoccurring phenomenon.
Someone commented some other video (about China and how Chinese history had examples of similar decay as USA has today) in this way: "Professor Lu studied the dynastic dynamics of various dynasties to see patterns. He said most dynasties started as peasant rebellions with some socialist ideas of primitive equality. As societies mature and become richer, corruption breeds on itself, inequality becomes more widespread, any attempt to reform the system is doomed by the special interests, decadence piles on decadence until another rebellion cleanses itself." --- I myself am from nomadic culture. I see that those who call themselves "civilized" usually see themselves as better people than rest of us, and that is how every genocide is done by "civilized people", and not by those who are not seen as one. Germany, Britain, France, Israel,... Ultimate crimes, like genocide or colonialism needs idea that you are above others, not equal with them. So, "civilized people" are the most dangerous people in my eyes.
because of the blood of the system. money. all the systems decay because of their inner blood. only one system abolish that ”blood”. but that need humans. we are not. we are still apes.
I don't mean to undermine your words, and I am not saying that settled people aren't at times really horrid. I would direct your attention to the mongol expansion, to the Hunnic empire and the first Muslim expansion. All people who were to more or less degree nomadic or pastoral, all groups who have done great harm and caused death and destruction. As well as some good things here and there.
@@gaoth88 I cannot say that I know much about two latter, but Mongols I know relatively well (could know much more, but know much more than most of people). Including how Temujin, son of exiled family became "king of kings", how he focused always destroy leaders of societies (like he did for his own society) and rise new leaders from ordinary people (like he himself was). But there is few things: a) his society already had lot of hierarchy and structures adopted from "empires", and he did that even more when he started to conquer areas. b) his rule was exception among his people (even today in Mongolia there is not much other historic statues than for Temujin, since they do not have in history much other markable persons), not constant rule. Similar way, if you go to look Zulu empire, how it was purely created because certain local person adopted ideas from British empire and other Europeans, that in war you should kill and subjugate others, not just injure and humiliate. And in very short time one small tribe conquer massive amount of tribes, because they adopted cruelty from Europeans. If I look my society, such could not be possible, because we do not have hierarchies (or did not had). My people never had kings or armies, nor even currency. All cases I know, even if they may have mixed societies having elements from nomadic or "barbaric" societies and "civilized" societies, like Mongols or Zulus had, it always need power structure from "empires" to commit something like genocide or similar. And most simplest reason for that is fact, that if you want ever kill massive amount of people, you need organise massive amount of people - you need massive amount of people who take orders from you. If there is no such power structure, but instead people are quite equal (no matter if symmetrical or unsymmetrical way), those people won't take orders from you, and kill massive amount of people because you told them to do so. They may think you are madman, and should not be taken seriously. (You can even test that in your ordinary life - you can try to say in dinner table or similar to people, that let's go to kill x people. They probably won't take you seriously - assuming you do not have hierarchical position and authority. They will see such idea as a joke or just stupidity.)
@@fallenswan1670 I agree that it requires "empire thinking" do commit these massive crimes against humanity. My point is merely that "empire" isn't only the perogative of settled societies. They are seen to do it more often for sure, but not alone. People do people things, regardless of where they came from. Some do horrid stuff and others are truly trying to help people around them. The problem is mostly there when people without empathy get positions of power, power to command the deaths of people they don't know to "send a message" or to "Just get it over with". I am in favor of smaller nations working in harmony rather than one big empire with some silly sausage on top who decides things by spreadsheet. But that doesn't matter if they are settled, nomadic or pastoral.
@@gaoth88 Well, first of all, I do not know why you keep focusing on separating people for "nomadic" and "settled". I mentioned as state of fact, that I happen to be from nomadic culture. I never seen anyone call any nomadic culture "civilised", we all are "barbarians". (Not all "barbarians" are nomadic, but all nomadic are "barbarians" - in eyes of those who call themselves "civilized"). And second of all, I already explained in previous message the core difference. But also, I got feeling that you want avoid seeing the problem, and just declare that problem cannot be defined, and some just do bad things and others do not, and we cannot see why. This is exactly opposite what I tried to explain in my last message.
Ibn Khaldoun wrote العصبية في المقدمة... because he witnessed it happening in front of him. He was forced to leave Lisbon - Andalusia. When he visited his home...i was told that...the Protogese king offered him... his home and lands back... but he did not take them. I feel we are going through this in America.... Ibn Khaldoun RIP❤.... I read المقدمة wheb i was a child... it affected me so much
"hard times create hard men, hard men create good times, good times create weak men, weak men bring forward hard times", and the wheel keeps turning. The decline of the US nowadays should serve as a good example
Completely incorrect. A cancer casuses unhealthiness or death. A treatment or a heathly lifestyle leads to quality living. If you believe otherwise, try to live the worst lifestyle as possible and see what happens
This is not a wheel turning but more like a roller coaster in reverse..If you hadn't noticed each civilisation gets more advanced than the last..This circle of life nonsense is contradicted by an ever expanding universe,holds India back today,didn't help the Aztecs and is totally counter to evolutionary biology or we would have gone back to being monkeys by now !
@@1vaultdweller I call it more of a half-truth and in America's case it is a lack of vigilance in the populace when times were good that allowed certain interests to lead us to the downward spiral.
Ibn Khaldun stands together with Machiavelli and Sun Tzu. An early sociologue describing the patterns of power politics and of the foundation of states.
Machiavellian attitudes is only short term gains. Trust (following rules and procedures protecting everyone’s rights) Reliability (competency and integrity) is was what really mattered. If a ruler can keep that he very likely to be in power for life unless he retires.
@@randomlygeneratedname7171 Machiavelli, Ibn Khaldun and Sun Tzu described reality, not wishful dreams. Machiavellis writings were forbidden by the church, because Elites did not want, that the people know, how they are ruled. Beside, what is not known today, Machiavelli was an early admirer of states ruled as a republic. That was revolutionary in his time. When you read his "discorsi" you will recognize that.
I read his مقدمة he was a brilliant sociologist and I fear my words alone wont give him justice. Im so proud of being from the same pioneering nation that it once was. Ironically, Ibn Khaldun wrote about the demise of society in Tunisia back in the 14th century. I wonder what he'd say about it today during the 21st century.
Explanation you have provided for 'asabia' is somehow more better and relevant to the entire research you have made to describe his objective of understanding the nature and character of the people, there rise and fall as their asabia remains intact or lose connection with its roots. Good work. Thanks a lot for introducing him through this platform.
Thank you for this. As a regenerative farmer, this rings true on every level not only for civilizations but for people and for plants and ecosystems and animals. Evolution is the process by which an organism responds to external pressures when you remove those pressures the process of evolution is arrested and ultimately that organism Becomes separate from its surroundings, unless able to adapt. Survival of the fittest is a concept which talks not about strength, but about an organisms ability to have a place within the greater surroundings of its environment. Every organism is destroyed by its own success, it chokes itself out by proliferating itself into grade and abundance. we need to keep this in mind right now at this point of civilization transition if we have the capacity to find a new challenge, perhaps repairing our planet from an environmental standpoint we have a chance to synthetically put pressure on ourselves as a species and therefore reignite our own evolutionary process to become further aligned with the rest of lifekeep up the good
Tonybee is valuable, but i'd argue that Oswald Spenglers theory of cyclical history is way stronger. Tonybee's problem is that he's a optimist, and optimism can sometimes get rid of realism.
@@anu1776 True. Then there is Jared Diamond, who attempts to explain civilizations rise and fall by way of ecology and geography. I've not seen Diamond give credit for any of his work to Ibn Khaldoon, Toynbee, or Spengler.
Fine video on a much ignored genius. His observations stand today, 700 years later- that hardship breeds cooperation, that diversity is needed for societies to survive hard times. That comfort breeds laziness. That shared identity trumps individual rights. Liberal democracy is in trouble, partly because we valorise individual rights and individual freedom over leading a good life, which involves treating others respectfully. Let's hope more people listen to Ibn Khaldun's observations. 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻
I am very happy that you eloquently presented ibn Khaldoun's concepts. This genius is largely an unacknowledged scholar outside the academia in the public sphere, although the foundations of modern understanding of economics, sociology, anthropology, political science and history derive from his observations.
I studied about ibn khaliduns concept in my high school. about the raise and fall of the state. It was so true and beautufully stated. I remember we studied too about ibn sina
Your brief presentation has provided an impetus for me to organise my thoughts around this subject; a prerequisite & indispensable precursor to social cohesion. It seems that; for any social groupings to be sustainable or remain cohesive, survival of all within those groupings must be conditioned by an intrinsic determination to ensure survival of individual members within them. Because as your presentation indicates, wealth, urbanisation & other forms of social stratification, classicism & individualism, lead to, or bring about, fluidity & atomisation of social groupings & eventually lead to total disintegration. Until your presentation, I had struggled to express this concept in a logical manner. A big & a heartfelt thank-you to you.
I mean he lived in andalusia the muslims there were getting lazy and living nice arguing about philosophy while the christians were ready to die in battle and lived in hardship.
@@Goku467-w3iYou make it sound like philosophy was a mistake. No. The Muslims were busy killings themselves and aiding other Christians over their own kin. Hence the fall of Andalusia.
Wow! I have heard and read blurbs about Khaldun, but this really opened my eyes to many new ideas. Common sense I already knew but had not heard so well explained.
Absolutely fascinating. Never got the chance to read any of this great thinker's work. (Typical Western academic prejudice so often tells you that there are no other philosophy and literature worthy of consideration besides *Western* philosophy and literature.) Are there any good English translations of his work?
Societies built on power, conquest and violence are doomed to face resistence and opposition from oppressed groups. Societies that aim to thrive but also stabalize must do so in a sustainable way that benefits all of humanity and the environment as well.
Yes that is it. It's not a matter of just knowing but living it which is the most difficult. It will always be the solidarity in the heart of those people working on it that will solidify and temper the real essence of that end.
I lived the past 15 years with vthe Bedouins and oh my God so many things to learn, and I reached to a lot of similar conclusions with Ibn Khaldoon, to begin with they really don't care about us and there are different species, because they're so freaking rich. and by Rich in Arabic means that you don't really need someone else, this is with rich literally means so of course having money means that you don't need people that much but b really so freaking rich their life is so freaking fulfilling I had many things to share later go to sleep now
One of the main futuristic works of Ebn Khaldoon that he was written is what it's like when Bedouins want to build the kingdom? and it's literally how it happened, so he says that according to the Bedouin culture who is based on survival and tribal mentality that contradicts with the concept of civilisation itself, in civilized society you choose the most intelligent and capable, while in tribal Society is you just continue on the bloodline, so he says this Kingdom will be corrupted and will go to collapse and it is my country. and here is the conditions that even Ibn khaldoon himself wrote 700 years ago, first because beduina love for power so much they won't accept any Authority other than religious Authority, that's a descendant from the prophet, so this is the first condition, the second condition was when the King give lands and jobs for the tribe leaders and their kids environmental jobs in the army but even with that the King has to bring a third party as Royal Guards so that's why the royal guards in my country are definitely not bad winds because they can't be trusted for their love of power. And eventually the king won't have enough money to keep those tribe leaders happy and corruption will bring the country down.
Back to the bedrooms they really live a very fulfilling lives and since Babylon started they still refused to join and leave the nomadic life so basically with their goats Andres nomadic life the really so much fulfilled and the tribal gatherings and Customs make their lives so much socially fulfilling and whatever modern governments trying to convince Bedouin to leave their freedom they simply refuse and according to recent studies were many rich people in the west have this Gap in their life one of the solutions is to do these primitive things that these Bedouin celebrating every day which is for example making tables or drinking water or like spending the day doing these primitive things is one way to happiness so that's one of the main reasons that bed wins when won't leave that life and also recently because they're working also in tourism so they have also another source of money rather than just the goats. Like if you want to hear one joke like a Bedouin kid who suffers from autism that's a joke they are always surrounded by their brothers or their cousins and already have a lot of traditions and and Gatherings and guests. And by the way I come from Bedouin Origins so we still share some of these Traditions but my dad made it from being a farmer to the educated and live in the city but I think he f***** up that's why I went back and started to live with Beduins, more but I still enjoy the privilege of the technological life.
Since Ibn Khaldoun wrote his book in my country Algeria, I was surprised that we have never read his books even though some of his observations covered our social structures back then
@@sayborg2344 In 1375, Ibn Khaldūn sought refuge with the tribe of Awlād ʿArīf, who lodged him and his family in the safety of a castle, Qalʿat ibn Salāmah, near what is now the town of Frenda, Algeria. Which dynasty? The Zayyanid dynasty
@@sayborg2344 I don't think it was small. Maybe not as big as its neighbors at the time. But it was definitely not small. At that time the names were not Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, there were the names of the ruling dynasties. It was crazy back then. Imagine that the ruling dynasty in today's Morocco was the Marinid dynasty originated from Zeb Biskra located in the south east of modern day Algeria. In fact Marinid and Zayyanid were cousins
Thank you for this content. I had a friend explain this cyclical nature of civilisations to me but his explanation was too shallow and missed a lot of the insights that you conveyed. Great video.
Interesting and felt as if I didn’t waste my time watching. The relationship between United States and China over past 50 years finally started to make sense. Thanks
Yes, but you cannot deny that this contribution is minimal compared to other societies. It is not the people, but the dogmatic and medieval interpretation of Islam that prevented the Muslim countries to develop. Just look at translations to Arabic today and compare it with what is done in the „west“ or the „east“. It is just miserable. The countries around the Mediterranean Sea have contributed so much to civilization and science … before the Arabs came and suffocated everything that would challenge their power. Because this power was rooted in suppression and violence. Get rid of that Stone Age religion and be great again.
as an Arab who studied and lived abroad for a number of years i can say one thing we might look different from each other but we are still living life almost identical to each other just a change in environment. "you cant connect the dots looking forward, you can only connect them looking backwards" with experiences the picture will be clearer and more easy to understand what makes people act certain way vs others
UK are not excluded from the rule of ""Hard times create strong men, strong men create good times, good times create weak men, and weak men create hard times.” Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldun is one of the founding fathers of the philosophy of history, but Oswald Spengler cracked the code, not Ibn. Would like to see a video on Spenglers ''Decline of the West''
As we can see , the Relation (possiby Asabiyyah in Ibn Khaldu view) is the only Creator in the Univers. It creates new Properties that we can not find in any individual participants, a new kind of Intelligence among those properties .
"ati sarvatra varjayet" Sanskrit saying. But the group dynamics dominates with cyclical view you mentioned. It is perhaps Nature's Law. Nice script work. Kudos!!!!
“culture” is just a collection of solutions that worked to assure a society’s survival and thriving, in its accumulated history. that’s why it’s strongly correlated with what kind of environment the culture evolved in, and the historical pressures it had survived - because what became coded in what we call “culture” had helped them survive it. rather than judge what’s “higher” and “lower” as if there’s a hierarchy or linear progression, we should have the insight to understand that different cultures contain the “DNA” that can help humans through different struggles, and then we can appreciate all of them because at the scale of millennia, as civilisations rise and collapse, one day we might want to know how to face a struggle new to us, but not new to another culture who once survived something like it in a time perhaps only barely remembered.
it's almost comical how strong civilizations stand on the wisdom of the collapsed previous civilizations if you think about it. I've traveled around, to russia and other western countries. i was always surprised of how many examples are taken from the arabic or islamic culture, the culture i know most about, when it was in it's peak, and had something to offer. And often times ppl who speak up such great lines have which were taken from a new modern scholar , a scholar who have taken rhat wisdom from the older advanced civilizations"at the time" and carried the torch. If there is anything to take from all what i am saying here, it would be the simple fact that often our wisdom is shared and mixed with all our roots, yet our ego is boosted by it. And that ego takes a form of false pride in our kin rather in our hunanuty creating false differences. But if wisdom is tracked to it's origin and roots, i am certain it would humble us knowing we were all part of the total structure and we are all relying on each other's past, to move forward.
Wow, am proud of myself!! I thought of this deeply & came to some of his conclusions.. Very interesting.. All we need is to observe & think. I really have to read this famous masterpiece. I heard about it several times, & have it on my list, but I didn't know he talked about this point..
Is a black cow the opposite of a white cow? No. Both are cows. Black people and white people are not opposites, just different. Men and women are not opposites but different. We need to focus on our similarities, not differences.
Men and women are very different. A Black Man and a White man only have 1 difference in 1000 genes. But a women has more difference compared to even her own brother. What I am trying to say is you can make cows live the same way but you can’t make a man and a women have the same rights.
Oh please tell us how the different cow breeds are actually not different at all. How the red Brahmin is not at all different to highland cow.... I'm anxiously awaiting to know why one ethnicity is more inclined towards athleticism while another is built for endurance. Oh that's right they are different after all....
@@blazzinga595 We are all different in the IQ and no difference in the breath. We are all exactly the same but completely different. That confuses people.
In THE ALEXANDRIAN QUARTET, Durrell searches out through the entire quartet how place is the fundament; we who live 'there' are the soil and air of it merely. Our individualities are as shaped by the forces of that land as is the topography. Our rise and fall 'there' is geological; great mountains are formed and erode, so the same with peoples. It haunts as an idea, and certainly contributes enticingly to the the thoughts of this sage (of many names). Thank you for encouraging a conversation on such a vast topic.
Isn't it interesting that he feels the need to make such comments? A reflection of the times - because he's probably right. Such comments are necessary.
There is no need to comment on what the author of the video says. As author and our belief in Freedom of Speech, he is entitled to interpret what he studies in any way he likes. You can present a rational argument to the actual content he speaks, but not his method of presentation, nor his own emotional reactions. I had not heard of this ancient wise man - so my sincere thanks for waking me up to his work, which I will now seek out.
@@pamelastorer8570 Apparently you are missing the point of the comment, namely that the author is trying to make "apologies" for the great thinker of the past. And that is very characteristic of our current academics in general... and totally unnecessary.
I have a slightly different way of describing Asabiyyah. That it is likened to a foundational myth that each culture and kingdom/empire has at its birth. Of course, besides the physical/geographical circumstances needed for a society to succeed, there must be such myths that catch the imaginative, psychic drive/energy of a people. This conviction drive is harnessed in all kingdom/empire-building projects (in their creative cultural projects & empire expansion). It provides a cosmology (one's place and purpose within the world and universe) and maintains and justifies a social order (provides morals/ethics & a ruling hierarchy). I think your commentary adds to this by suggesting such myths are laid and resonate earlier in the process with common life's struggles by various peoples. I think this psychic energy eventually wanes as the original shared impulse and spirit are lost with time. Societies fracture and geographies and climates change. We become soft.
The melding between common peoples called Assadeyah [sp???] on it's own will always have one failing, if it doesnt not acknowledge that in this Universe of duality, everything has it's opposite value. Thus, as we have hours of daylight, work, productivity, we must have hours of darkness, of rest and reflection. And as we have good, we have evil. But we need to define the good and the evil, and then learn how to protect ourselves from the evil, and what we must put in place to foster and grow the good. Just as we learn what a plant needs to grow well, be it, perhaps, dry ground with moderate rain, and if so, we thus do not plant in marshy ground, so we need to know what it is of good and evil in a human being, and the society they are a part of, to know what to protect and grow and what to eliminate and destroy; as we pull seeds from the ground we grow our food in, we must remove and nullify the evil in those who would destroy our society.. And this is the failing all societies have had so far. They have not learned how to define, recognise and remove, the seeds of evil.
The great French philosopher Henry Guenon was inspired by these oriental ancestral spiritual value in his book "the end of the modern time" strangely or understandable it is not much studied in university..
Je suis aussi en prépa et ma principale inquiétude est dès à présent l'overdose de travail - ce qui m'a coûté ma deuxième année .L'esprit est comme le corps , il a besoin de repos . C'est naturel pour un sportif de se reposer alors cela devrait aussi être le cas lors des activités intellectuelles à forte intensité.
Much of this I see as true. The UK has good, very diverse and also accesible mineral resources. But before you even get to using them, survival in the UK has certain requirements. The climate is good for growing crops during the summer. But you must get your act together, and prepare for the cold damp winters which will kill without adequate shelter and some degree of planning. IMO this all encourages work discipline and innovation.
❤❤❤ THANK YOU SIR, INDEED, THE EXCESS & WORLDLY TRAPPINGS OF SUCCESS CAN BE THE "GERMINATING" FACTOR TO THE DETERIORATION & DECAY. GOD BLESS YOU DEAR SIR, MAY GODLY WISDOM LIGHT & GUIDE.
The word عصبية "Asabiya" derives from عصب "Asab" which translates into nerve. Imagine the group as one body. When a nerve is hit, the whole body gets shaken. And THAT's what Asabiya is
I wonder if Ibn Khaldun would have read Tacitus who made the very same observation centuries earlier. Either way, I feel this is something of a myth we all fall for. Particularly these days.
Basically, to keep society together _(social cohesion),_ we have to have forever wars and maintain fear among the populous by creating eternal enemies that are both weak and fearsome at the same time.
Takeaway? Nomadic tribes in middle-ages had to fight for survival, hence they had stronger social bonds than civilizations whose survival was better secured. It was waste of time. Good you have found your interest tho.
He didn't have a nationality, he lives before the existence of any modern North African country. Funny how in the comment section another man claiming him as Algerian. He was Arab ethnically of Hadrami ancestry, not berber / amazigh.
@@hana77ishwhat people are trying to tell you was that he was a Muslim of Yemeni descent, it doesn’t matter where he lived 😂 Islam was what pushed all of those advanced thinkers to provide humanity with their brilliant works (from maths, sciences, philosophy, etc.) It doesn’t matter WHERE they resided but WHAT affected their thoughts and opinions It was Islam
A modern study was done and it found that empires last an average of 250 years. The explanation is at the beginning of a video called The Four Horsemen (of the economy).
Very appropriate for these modern times we all share. We've been ever so greedy, insincere and treacherous, and it's simple finally caught up with us. We couldn't even have the most basic equal human rights for all.
![Nassim Taleb - The Secret Rule That RUNS The WORLD [w/ Naval Ravikant]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/MwlW2aamDFc/mqdefault.jpg)
His full name is (AbduRahman Ibn Mohammad Ibn Khaldoon) meaning (AbduRahman son of Mohammad son of Khaldoon) so basically when you're referring to him by just "Khaldoon" you're calling him by his grandparent's name.
Al-Moqadema is the abstract or introduction before any research, Ibn Khaldoon's introduction was so big and so detailed that people mistake it for the actual book. The encyclopedia he wrote was 8 books long the last one of them is the table of contents the first is the "introduction/moqademah" that's everyone is talking about.
The encyclopedia's name is "Ketab Al-Ebar" that translate "the book of (lessons)" as there's no English word I'm aware of for the Arabic word Ebar that means something deeper than a lesson and more like some kind of teaching that you'd (comprehend) rather than (learn).
Glad that someone finally pointed this out, as most people underestimate his literature heritage and his genius, as they think his "Muqaddima" is his greatest work, when it's only the Introduction of his larger massive work "Kitab al-ʿIbar".
Channel owner got cooked and all he did was heart the message. 😂
@@ViVeriVniversvmVivusVici Bro. Respectfully, shut thefk up. Nothing wrong with what the channel owner doing.
Was he muslim?
@CTzons Yes, he was a Muslim.
Glad that people are beginning to recognize this brilliant thinker!
i heard they study him in Harvard
He is pretty well studied in the Arab world.
Only thinkers I recognize are:
Western and Chinese (Ancient China)
@@Tethloach1 Good for you.
@@Tethloach1 3asba lik w lihom
How to recognize a decaying civilization:
1. Disparity of wealth (economy)
2. Hatred against lower class not limited to ethnicity, religion, migrants, etc. (Social cohesion)
3. Deaths of scholars/scholarly works (anti-progress of knowledge/sciences)
4. Rise of calamity businesses such as war/conquest, life/death, food/famine (fueled by previous ranks)
5. Constant babbling about 'democracy, and 6. Elite looting of the Tax base
Sounds like America
@@DaveHawthorne-lk9mz i guess the point number 5 and 6 could be counted as number 4 as ideology often used as a tool to mobilize manpower for warfare. Moreso now that warfare or rather the mass production of armaments become the interest of the elite politician of the top nation
Hatred against "migrants" lead to the collapse of civilization?
Talk about poisoned pill, jeez dude.
disconnection of ruling classes from reality, moral standards and instinctive behaviours of human kind , blind greed, will cause civilization to collapse ?
Bottom line, anything to excess will destroy you.
Wall St and the corporate world need to understand this, unfettered capitalism is a cancer on the human species.
that's why you have to share excess. too much of anything is bad.
@125discipline2 great observation! Now if we can just groom society to differentiate between excess and propaganda, all will be hunky dory.
@@softwarerevolutionsis that an accurate translation?
too much restriction cause outbreak
too much freedom cause chaos
الأيام الصعبة تُخرج رجالا أقوياء، والرجال الأقوياء يصنعون الرخاء، والرخاء يُخرج رجالا ضعفاء، والرجال الضعفاء يتسببون بأيام صعبة" ابن خلدون
Michael G Hopf must have copied from Ibn Khaldoun when he said:
"Hard times create strong men; strong men create good times; good times create weak men; weak men create bad times."
old saying ...."the strength of an army is seen by the thinness of the potatoes peels"
and .............."the worst the food the more ferocious the warriors "
It was Ibn Khaldun that said that? wow
@@zer-atop3032 the supremely wise men just state the bloody obvious
لهذا السبب لازم الرجال ابدا مايرتاحون، لو الصبيان اشتغلوا من سن بلوغهم بدل لعب البلايستيشن كان وصلوا لين الجامعة وهم مجمعين ثمن مهر، الحين تحصل رجال طول وعرض وشنب من بلد أمن وأمان واقتصاد ويشتكون من كل شي وبالمقابل تحصل شباب مراهقين يتزوجون ويخلفون بدول فقيرة جدا، اتخيل بس لو الدول الغنية ما أعطت لشبابها فرصة بالرخاء، بتكون أقوى من جميع النواحي، السمنة والكسل بيقل والمال والخلفة بيزدادون
الراحة خطر، حتى صرنا نشوف شباب يتشبهون بالنساء والسبب يرجع لها، الحضارات ماتحتاج مجاعة وحروب عشان تتفادى هذي النتيجة
Ibn Khaldun stands as a towering figure in the annals of intellectual history. His *Muqaddimah* is a masterpiece of historical and social analysis that transcends its time, offering groundbreaking theories on the dynamics of civilizations, social cohesion, and economic development. His profound insights into the nature of human societies and his innovative methodologies have earned him a place among the greatest thinkers of all time. Ibn Khaldun’s visionary contributions have shaped the fields of sociology, historiography, and economics, making his work not only a cornerstone of Islamic scholarship but a universal beacon of intellectual brilliance.
Are there any translations available by muslim scholars?
Idk about his impact on sociology, if only cause two sociology classes HS and college level, and no one ever mentioned him or his work. But my HS teacher failed me. Said I was being lazy w my answers. I copied from the smart kids, w my own words 😂
@@camouflage962 yes of course. I think this a book that all presidents and high intellectuals read. But they dont talk about it, guess why...
If you don't know about his impact, then why won't you search about it? Acting smart doesn't make you one.
@@camouflage962 It's already translated to many languages. Assuming that you are willing to go through hundreds of pages to read it.
This was a wise guy. Very few reach this wide comprehension of societies throughout history.
ابن خلدون... جبل ليس مثيل له🖐
He recognized, like most Muslim scientists using the Quran, that everything has laws. Even societies have fixed laws. Much like the physical world, there are action and reaction, inertia, causality, periodic events...
@@samimas4343"using the Koran" 😅 really?
@@sagn1962no, ibn khaldun was not a very religious man (though he was a believer)
Yes using the quran @sagn1962
I believe a decline in Asabiyah leads to more and more people in society feeling more and more lonely and lost.
In Islamic countries you have that because of the Shahada. Everything else a blind delusional illusion
I guess capitalism leads to individualism, for the good and the bad.
Without exageration, AL Mukaddima (prologue or introduction to his other masterpiece : the universal history or / the book of examples) of Ibn Khaldoun is one of the most interesting books (if not the best) dealing with history, politics, sociology, culture, art, economy and many other civilization-related topics. The main question he attempted to address was how and why civilizations rise and fall. The most interesting aspect of his reflexions is the introduction of the notion of causality. Some analysis he developed and which are still valid until today: the to-do and not-to-do regarding taxation, the basic rules of hiring people, how and why professions/jobs do prosper, some rules of market competition.
The man was Born in modern day Tunisia. He lived in Tunis, Algeria, morocco and Egypt among others. He had many highs and lows in his life, served many kings of his time and lived with Tamerlan for a short period.
Al Mukaddima can be found on the net in many languages. However, in order to better grasp the content one needs to have some basic knowledge of the history of the Muslim world and its mechanics. If you are to read it, read it slowly and thoughtfully; and if you can, read it more than once.
I remember as a kid my father bought me the Muqadimah, which was a thick book that weights like 5kg
i read a bit of it in my childhood, and i remember the stereotypes about tribes, arabs and blacks and nordics
but what was mind blowing was what he said about taxation and how it affects the economy and rise and fall of a civilization and how it's influenced by the social and cultural status of the ruling class, corruption waste money and thus taxation become heavy and complicated, and it push people to bribes and thus it create a class of people who only feed on illicite acitivities and thus ruin the culture and morals of the civilization and cause it's decadence.
sciences originally Arabic and when u graduate university u dress Arab robe and tarbin because the first university in the world in North Africa morrocco
a true genius ! light years ahead of his time !
Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) was a prominent 14th-century Tunisian scholar, historian, and philosopher who made groundbreaking contributions to the fields of sociology, economics, political theory, and historiography. He is considered a forerunner of modern social sciences and a key figure in the philosophy of history.
Key Concepts and Theories:
* 'Asabiyyah: Ibn Khaldun's concept of social cohesion and group solidarity, which he saw as the driving force behind the rise and fall of civilizations.
* Cyclical view of history: Ibn Khaldun believed that societies and states go through a cycle of rise, peak, and eventual decline, driven by changes in 'asabiyyah.
* Importance of crafts and skills: He emphasized the mastery of crafts, habits, and skills as crucial for the development and progress of societies.
* Role of religion: Ibn Khaldun believed that religion plays a vital role in guiding individuals and communities towards ethical conduct and righteous behavior.
* Empirical approach to history: He advocated for a critical and analytical method for understanding history, focusing on social, economic, and cultural factors.
How can he be a Tunisian as it did not exist as a country at the time?
@FM-vo8pb When Ibn Khaldun lived in Tunisia, it was known as Ifriqiya (The term evolved from the Roman "Province of Africa," which was later arabized to "Ifriqiya." Over time, "Ifriqiya" came to refer to the entire continent, leading to the modern term "Africa" that is used today.) This term referred to the region encompassing modern-day Tunisia, under the rule of the Hafsid dynasty during his lifetime (1332-1406)
@@FM-vo8pb"ifriqiya" the name of Tunisia before in the ancient world (the name of the continent of Africa come from the name "ifriqia" the ancient name of the country Tunisia today)
Ibn khaldoun from "ifriqya", born in "ifriqya" (the ancient name of Tunisia)
Small addition, Tunis as a town exists at his time and even long time before that.
😅you 😅😅 2:03 2:03 2:03 😅 2:15 2:15 😅😅😅😅😅😅 2:19 2:19 2:19 2:19 😅😅 2:19 2:19 2:19 2:20 2:20 2:20 2:20 2:20 😅😅 2:20 2:21 😅😅 2:24 😊 2:28 2:29 2:30 😅 2:32 2:32 2:32 2:32 2:32 😊 2:32 2:38 2:38 2:38 2:39 😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊
Very relevant concepts for our decadent and troubled times.
Thank you ! Glad you found it useful
@@philosopheasy- Ibn Khaldun was expertly developing the Qur'anic thesis explaining the rise and fall of peoples based on their moral and ethical probity; that civilisations evolve according to how well and badly the institution of justice in that society is effected. The normalisation of immorality resulting in inevitable injustice marking the decline and fall of such societies.
My brother had a simpler explanation. He said it took 3 generations to make a 'gentleman'. The first to fight to create the wealth, the second to trade and consolidate wealth and the third produced an educated 'gentleman', who lost all the wealth.
@@bunyip5841 Bismarck said, the first creates the foundation, the second expands, the third preserves, the fourth gambles it away, the fifth studies history of arts and decays in misery.
@@schurlbirkenbach1995 That's right. It is attributed to Bismarck. My brother's observation reflected our own experience growing up in a post colonial society where the decline among the remaining colonials was as apparent as it was rapid.
@@bunyip5841 Well I believe, success needs hard work but also luck and favorable times. I grew up in Central Europe (Austria ) and there individual success was unterrupted two times. Real stability which made planning possible did not develop before 1950.
Like the rest of the natural world, humanity is a restless, wondering, adaptable species seeking out temporary havens in a forever-changing world where we may survive and flourish. There is no end to this struggle so gentlemen maybe a temporary, hopefully reoccurring phenomenon.
@@ivtch51 correct, life is struggle.
Someone commented some other video (about China and how Chinese history had examples of similar decay as USA has today) in this way: "Professor Lu studied the dynastic dynamics of various dynasties to see patterns. He said most dynasties started as peasant rebellions with some socialist ideas of primitive equality. As societies mature and become richer, corruption breeds on itself, inequality becomes more widespread, any attempt to reform the system is doomed by the special interests, decadence piles on decadence until another rebellion cleanses itself."
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I myself am from nomadic culture. I see that those who call themselves "civilized" usually see themselves as better people than rest of us, and that is how every genocide is done by "civilized people", and not by those who are not seen as one. Germany, Britain, France, Israel,... Ultimate crimes, like genocide or colonialism needs idea that you are above others, not equal with them. So, "civilized people" are the most dangerous people in my eyes.
because of the blood of the system. money. all the systems decay because of their inner blood. only one system abolish that ”blood”. but that need humans. we are not. we are still apes.
I don't mean to undermine your words, and I am not saying that settled people aren't at times really horrid. I would direct your attention to the mongol expansion, to the Hunnic empire and the first Muslim expansion. All people who were to more or less degree nomadic or pastoral, all groups who have done great harm and caused death and destruction. As well as some good things here and there.
@@gaoth88 I cannot say that I know much about two latter, but Mongols I know relatively well (could know much more, but know much more than most of people). Including how Temujin, son of exiled family became "king of kings", how he focused always destroy leaders of societies (like he did for his own society) and rise new leaders from ordinary people (like he himself was).
But there is few things: a) his society already had lot of hierarchy and structures adopted from "empires", and he did that even more when he started to conquer areas. b) his rule was exception among his people (even today in Mongolia there is not much other historic statues than for Temujin, since they do not have in history much other markable persons), not constant rule.
Similar way, if you go to look Zulu empire, how it was purely created because certain local person adopted ideas from British empire and other Europeans, that in war you should kill and subjugate others, not just injure and humiliate. And in very short time one small tribe conquer massive amount of tribes, because they adopted cruelty from Europeans.
If I look my society, such could not be possible, because we do not have hierarchies (or did not had). My people never had kings or armies, nor even currency.
All cases I know, even if they may have mixed societies having elements from nomadic or "barbaric" societies and "civilized" societies, like Mongols or Zulus had, it always need power structure from "empires" to commit something like genocide or similar. And most simplest reason for that is fact, that if you want ever kill massive amount of people, you need organise massive amount of people - you need massive amount of people who take orders from you. If there is no such power structure, but instead people are quite equal (no matter if symmetrical or unsymmetrical way), those people won't take orders from you, and kill massive amount of people because you told them to do so. They may think you are madman, and should not be taken seriously. (You can even test that in your ordinary life - you can try to say in dinner table or similar to people, that let's go to kill x people. They probably won't take you seriously - assuming you do not have hierarchical position and authority. They will see such idea as a joke or just stupidity.)
@@fallenswan1670 I agree that it requires "empire thinking" do commit these massive crimes against humanity. My point is merely that "empire" isn't only the perogative of settled societies. They are seen to do it more often for sure, but not alone. People do people things, regardless of where they came from. Some do horrid stuff and others are truly trying to help people around them. The problem is mostly there when people without empathy get positions of power, power to command the deaths of people they don't know to "send a message" or to "Just get it over with". I am in favor of smaller nations working in harmony rather than one big empire with some silly sausage on top who decides things by spreadsheet. But that doesn't matter if they are settled, nomadic or pastoral.
@@gaoth88 Well, first of all, I do not know why you keep focusing on separating people for "nomadic" and "settled". I mentioned as state of fact, that I happen to be from nomadic culture. I never seen anyone call any nomadic culture "civilised", we all are "barbarians". (Not all "barbarians" are nomadic, but all nomadic are "barbarians" - in eyes of those who call themselves "civilized").
And second of all, I already explained in previous message the core difference.
But also, I got feeling that you want avoid seeing the problem, and just declare that problem cannot be defined, and some just do bad things and others do not, and we cannot see why. This is exactly opposite what I tried to explain in my last message.
I read his Muqadima, you have done a great work consolidating Ibn khaldoun’s philosophy
Some may say he is the father of sociology
Everyone outside of NATO
Ibn Khaldoun wrote العصبية في المقدمة... because he witnessed it happening in front of him. He was forced to leave Lisbon - Andalusia. When he visited his home...i was told that...the Protogese king offered him... his home and lands back... but he did not take them.
I feel we are going through this in America.... Ibn Khaldoun RIP❤.... I read المقدمة wheb i was a child... it affected me so much
We can also witness a lot of collapses. Buy popcorn.
@@gendalfgray7889 Bro... i am not engoying this at all 😭
اللّه يرحمه
You are
He wasn't from Lisbon, he was from Sevilla in Spain
☘☘"Hard times create strong men, strong men create good times, good times create weak men, and weak men create hard times.” Ibn Khaldun 👌🏻
What an insight. He certainly called it.
So... yay?
"hard times create hard men, hard men create good times, good times create weak men, weak men bring forward hard times", and the wheel keeps turning. The decline of the US nowadays should serve as a good example
Completely incorrect. A cancer casuses unhealthiness or death. A treatment or a heathly lifestyle leads to quality living. If you believe otherwise, try to live the worst lifestyle as possible and see what happens
This is not a wheel turning but more like a roller coaster in reverse..If you hadn't noticed each civilisation gets more advanced than the last..This circle of life nonsense is contradicted by an ever expanding universe,holds India back today,didn't help the Aztecs and is totally counter to evolutionary biology or we would have gone back to being monkeys by now !
@@1vaultdweller I call it more of a half-truth and in America's case it is a lack of vigilance in the populace when times were good that allowed certain interests to lead us to the downward spiral.
Internet memes encourage people to be stupid. The worst ideas imaginable will sound profound if you just articulate them cleverly.
Ibn Khaldun stands together with Machiavelli and Sun Tzu. An early sociologue describing the patterns of power politics and of the foundation of states.
Machiavellian attitudes is only short term gains. Trust (following rules and procedures protecting everyone’s rights) Reliability (competency and integrity) is was what really mattered. If a ruler can keep that he very likely to be in power for life unless he retires.
@@randomlygeneratedname7171 Machiavelli, Ibn Khaldun and Sun Tzu described reality, not wishful dreams. Machiavellis writings were forbidden by the church, because Elites did not want, that the people know, how they are ruled. Beside, what is not known today, Machiavelli was an early admirer of states ruled as a republic. That was revolutionary in his time. When you read his "discorsi" you will recognize that.
@@schurlbirkenbach1995 The best leader is Prophet Muhammad peace be upun him and the Meccan Elite could not overcome him
@@randomlygeneratedname7171lol 😂
I think he was less pragmatic… a more sophisticated thinker tho.
I read his مقدمة he was a brilliant sociologist and I fear my words alone wont give him justice. Im so proud of being from the same pioneering nation that it once was. Ironically, Ibn Khaldun wrote about the demise of society in Tunisia back in the 14th century. I wonder what he'd say about it today during the 21st century.
Explanation you have provided for 'asabia' is somehow more better and relevant to the entire research you have made to describe his objective of understanding the nature and character of the people, there rise and fall as their asabia remains intact or lose connection with its roots. Good work. Thanks a lot for introducing him through this platform.
Thank you!
When an Empire forgets how it got its power and wealth, that's the beginning of its end
Hard times - strong men - good times - weak men - hard times. Even the latest generation youth knows. Hard times is coming.
How about this instead?
Our hard times = their good times = jealousy, war. Conquest = our good times = their hard times = jealousy.
Circle if life
I enjoy how half the population is left out of this conversation
You forgot: give women authority without responsibility and destruction soon follows
So you're one of those soft men?
Fallacy. Compounding failure upon failure, denying responsibility and shifting blame.
Thank you for this. As a regenerative farmer, this rings true on every level not only for civilizations but for people and for plants and ecosystems and animals. Evolution is the process by which an organism responds to external pressures when you remove those pressures the process of evolution is arrested and ultimately that organism Becomes separate from its surroundings, unless able to adapt. Survival of the fittest is a concept which talks not about strength, but about an organisms ability to have a place within the greater surroundings of its environment. Every organism is destroyed by its own success, it chokes itself out by proliferating itself into grade and abundance. we need to keep this in mind right now at this point of civilization transition if we have the capacity to find a new challenge, perhaps repairing our planet from an environmental standpoint we have a chance to synthetically put pressure on ourselves as a species and therefore reignite our own evolutionary process to become further aligned with the rest of lifekeep up the good
Historian Arnold Toynbee considered Ibn Khaldun as foundational to his modern theory of the rise and fall of civilizations.
Tonybee is valuable, but i'd argue that Oswald Spenglers theory of cyclical history is way stronger. Tonybee's problem is that he's a optimist, and optimism can sometimes get rid of realism.
@@anu1776 True. Then there is Jared Diamond, who attempts to explain civilizations rise and fall by way of ecology and geography. I've not seen Diamond give credit for any of his work to Ibn Khaldoon, Toynbee, or Spengler.
@@elarakamai Yeah, i don't find Jared Diamonds theory valuable compared to tonybee, spengler or giambattista vico
Fine video on a much ignored genius. His observations stand today, 700 years later- that hardship breeds cooperation, that diversity is needed for societies to survive hard times. That comfort breeds laziness. That shared identity trumps individual rights. Liberal democracy is in trouble, partly because we valorise individual rights and individual freedom over leading a good life, which involves treating others respectfully. Let's hope more people listen to Ibn Khaldun's observations. 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻
I am very happy that you eloquently presented ibn Khaldoun's concepts. This genius is largely an unacknowledged scholar outside the academia in the public sphere, although the foundations of modern understanding of economics, sociology, anthropology, political science and history derive from his observations.
Why didn't they teach us about this in our schools?
Cause it's outdated
@@begumhasina1052 not at all, the west is still learning from their wisdom.
@@dr3am3r2 do mean the school is teaching them or the internet
@@begumhasina1052 their educational institutes from schools to university level
I studied about ibn khaliduns concept in my high school. about the raise and fall of the state. It was so true and beautufully stated. I remember we studied too about ibn sina
“History is filled with the sound of silken slippers going downstairs and wooden shoes coming up.” - Voltaire .
Your brief presentation has provided an impetus for me to organise my thoughts around this subject; a prerequisite & indispensable precursor to social cohesion.
It seems that; for any social groupings to be sustainable or remain cohesive, survival of all within those groupings must be conditioned by an intrinsic determination to ensure survival of individual members within them. Because as your presentation indicates, wealth, urbanisation & other forms of social stratification, classicism & individualism, lead to, or bring about, fluidity & atomisation of social groupings & eventually lead to total disintegration.
Until your presentation, I had struggled to express this concept in a logical manner.
A big & a heartfelt thank-you to you.
Really enjoyed this summary of Khaldun!
Thank you :)
Just brilliant. He wrote in the 14th century but it is perfect.
Precisely summarized where is the West heading to. It's about time to relocate.
I mean he lived in andalusia the muslims there were getting lazy and living nice arguing about philosophy while the christians were ready to die in battle and lived in hardship.
@@Goku467-w3iYou make it sound like philosophy was a mistake. No. The Muslims were busy killings themselves and aiding other Christians over their own kin. Hence the fall of Andalusia.
Wow! I have heard and read blurbs about Khaldun, but this really opened my eyes to many new ideas. Common sense I already knew but had not heard so well explained.
Thank you, glad that you found it informative and useful :)
Absolutely fascinating. Never got the chance to read any of this great thinker's work. (Typical Western academic prejudice so often tells you that there are no other philosophy and literature worthy of consideration besides *Western* philosophy and literature.) Are there any good English translations of his work?
basically Arnold Toynbee civilization on trial is an updated version of the book more or less
Yes. There are many more books from the Muslim scholars of that time which are worth reading.
His most famous work is the مقدمة or Introduction in English. Im not sure which versions exist in English, i only read it in its 'original' form.
Look for The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History
@@dmeddah Thank you!
he is the father of social sciences .sociology.history.political science.economy
Societies built on power, conquest and violence are doomed to face resistence and opposition from oppressed groups. Societies that aim to thrive but also stabalize must do so in a sustainable way that benefits all of humanity and the environment as well.
Americans beg to differ
Yup probably an European after centuries of colonialism would think that way. May be he fears what he stole, might be stolen from him?
Amazing futuristic thinker ,we are still need his books to discuss matters today.
it truly amazing that this thinker has such a profound insight I must read more about him sometime.
Yes that is it. It's not a matter of just knowing but living it which is the most difficult. It will always be the solidarity in the heart of those people working on it that will solidify and temper the real essence of that end.
I lived the past 15 years with vthe Bedouins and oh my God so many things to learn, and I reached to a lot of similar conclusions with Ibn Khaldoon, to begin with they really don't care about us and there are different species, because they're so freaking rich. and by Rich in Arabic means that you don't really need someone else, this is with rich literally means so of course having money means that you don't need people that much but b really so freaking rich their life is so freaking fulfilling I had many things to share later go to sleep now
Following
😵💫
Should have spent those years in mental hospital
pls do... pls share... important to be told
One of the main futuristic works of Ebn Khaldoon that he was written is what it's like when Bedouins want to build the kingdom?
and it's literally how it happened,
so he says that according to the Bedouin culture who is based on survival and tribal mentality that contradicts with the concept of civilisation itself,
in civilized society you choose the most intelligent and capable,
while in tribal Society is you just continue on the bloodline,
so he says this Kingdom will be corrupted and will go to collapse and it is my country.
and here is the conditions that even Ibn khaldoon himself wrote 700 years ago,
first because beduina love for power so much they won't accept any Authority other than religious Authority, that's a descendant from the prophet,
so this is the first condition,
the second condition was when the King give lands and jobs for the tribe leaders and their kids environmental jobs in the army but even with that the King has to bring a third party as Royal Guards so that's why the royal guards in my country are definitely not bad winds because they can't be trusted for their love of power.
And eventually the king won't have enough money to keep those tribe leaders happy and corruption will bring the country down.
Back to the bedrooms they really live a very fulfilling lives and since Babylon started they still refused to join and leave the nomadic life so basically with their goats Andres nomadic life the really so much fulfilled and the tribal gatherings and Customs make their lives so much socially fulfilling and whatever modern governments trying to convince Bedouin to leave their freedom they simply refuse and according to recent studies were many rich people in the west have this Gap in their life one of the solutions is to do these primitive things that these Bedouin celebrating every day which is for example making tables or drinking water or like spending the day doing these primitive things is one way to happiness so that's one of the main reasons that bed wins when won't leave that life and also recently because they're working also in tourism so they have also another source of money rather than just the goats.
Like if you want to hear one joke like a Bedouin kid who suffers from autism that's a joke they are always surrounded by their brothers or their cousins and already have a lot of traditions and and Gatherings and guests.
And by the way I come from Bedouin Origins so we still share some of these Traditions but my dad made it from being a farmer to the educated and live in the city but I think he f***** up that's why I went back and started to live with Beduins, more but I still enjoy the privilege of the technological life.
Since Ibn Khaldoun wrote his book in my country Algeria, I was surprised that we have never read his books even though some of his observations covered our social structures back then
what king or what dynasty ruled algeria back then?
@@sayborg2344 In 1375, Ibn Khaldūn sought refuge with the tribe of Awlād ʿArīf, who lodged him and his family in the safety of a castle, Qalʿat ibn Salāmah, near what is now the town of Frenda, Algeria. Which dynasty? The Zayyanid dynasty
@@sayborg2344 the Zayyanid dynasty
@@DragonDHunter the Kingdom of Tlemcen, a small kingdom between Tunisia and Morocco.. it's wild how north african history is not well known for us.
@@sayborg2344 I don't think it was small. Maybe not as big as its neighbors at the time. But it was definitely not small. At that time the names were not Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, there were the names of the ruling dynasties. It was crazy back then. Imagine that the ruling dynasty in today's Morocco was the Marinid dynasty originated from Zeb Biskra located in the south east of modern day Algeria. In fact Marinid and Zayyanid were cousins
Thank you for this content. I had a friend explain this cyclical nature of civilisations to me but his explanation was too shallow and missed a lot of the insights that you conveyed. Great video.
"Conflicts do not arise from differences but due to our inability to understand and appreciate them."
Along with complacency comes expectations. Expectations breeds hatred of the established order and it's failings.
Interesting and felt as if I didn’t waste my time watching. The relationship between United States and China over past 50 years finally started to make sense.
Thanks
Brilliant and Thank you!. Many would have one think that there is no such thing as the Islamic contribution to scientific thought.
Yes very little contribution
@@davidcrowley1951
8 centuries of civilization can never be little.
Yes, but you cannot deny that this contribution is minimal compared to other societies. It is not the people, but the dogmatic and medieval interpretation of Islam that prevented the Muslim countries to develop. Just look at translations to Arabic today and compare it with what is done in the „west“ or the „east“. It is just miserable. The countries around the Mediterranean Sea have contributed so much to civilization and science … before the Arabs came and suffocated everything that would challenge their power. Because this power was rooted in suppression and violence. Get rid of that Stone Age religion and be great again.
as an Arab who studied and lived abroad for a number of years i can say one thing we might look different from each other but we are still living life almost identical to each other just a change in environment. "you cant connect the dots looking forward, you can only connect them looking backwards" with experiences the picture will be clearer and more easy to understand what makes people act certain way vs others
Great thinking, never heard about this wise man before.
UK has lost it's Asabiyah. Take note Douglas Murray.
Why don't you invite a human being????????
@@AhmedMushtaq-ux9wu let us invite Farage
UK are not excluded from the rule of ""Hard times create strong men, strong men create good times, good times create weak men, and weak men create hard times.” Ibn Khaldun
Great lecture!
Ibn Khaldun is one of the founding fathers of the philosophy of history, but Oswald Spengler cracked the code, not Ibn. Would like to see a video on Spenglers ''Decline of the West''
You should incorporate videos in it. Remember, we are here to watch...
As we can see , the Relation (possiby Asabiyyah in Ibn Khaldu view) is the only Creator in the Univers. It creates new Properties that we can not find in any individual participants, a new kind of Intelligence among those properties .
"ati sarvatra varjayet" Sanskrit saying. But the group dynamics dominates with cyclical view you mentioned. It is perhaps Nature's Law. Nice script work. Kudos!!!!
I recommend you guys to read this book it's really ahead of it's time
“culture” is just a collection of solutions that worked to assure a society’s survival and thriving, in its accumulated history. that’s why it’s strongly correlated with what kind of environment the culture evolved in, and the historical pressures it had survived - because what became coded in what we call “culture” had helped them survive it. rather than judge what’s “higher” and “lower” as if there’s a hierarchy or linear progression, we should have the insight to understand that different cultures contain the “DNA” that can help humans through different struggles, and then we can appreciate all of them because at the scale of millennia, as civilisations rise and collapse, one day we might want to know how to face a struggle new to us, but not new to another culture who once survived something like it in a time perhaps only barely remembered.
Culture is simply an expression of how groups of people live. A word suitably vague, seized upon to capture imagination and sentiment.
There another genius from that part of the world and from the same era: Ibn Taymiyah, he was very misunderstood even among his people!
a tunisian symbol that we are proud of 🇹🇳❤
it's almost comical how strong civilizations stand on the wisdom of the collapsed previous civilizations if you think about it. I've traveled around, to russia and other western countries. i was always surprised of how many examples are taken from the arabic or islamic culture, the culture i know most about, when it was in it's peak, and had something to offer. And often times ppl who speak up such great lines have which were taken from a new modern scholar , a scholar who have taken rhat wisdom from the older advanced civilizations"at the time" and carried the torch.
If there is anything to take from all what i am saying here, it would be the simple fact that often our wisdom is shared and mixed with all our roots, yet our ego is boosted by it. And that ego takes a form of false pride in our kin rather in our hunanuty creating false differences.
But if wisdom is tracked to it's origin and roots, i am certain it would humble us knowing we were all part of the total structure and we are all relying on each other's past, to move forward.
I suspected as much but could not formulate or express it. Thank you !
"Abundance": it is the root cause of all the problems that follow.
Great video about this great North African Arab sociology figure إبن خلدون
Wow, am proud of myself!!
I thought of this deeply & came to some of his conclusions.. Very interesting..
All we need is to observe & think.
I really have to read this famous masterpiece.
I heard about it several times, & have it on my list, but I didn't know he talked about this point..
Very nicely summed up and delivered, well done 👍🏽
Make a video on this book : "Digitalism vs. Capitalism" to explain how civilization dies.
Very relevant to our times.
Is a black cow the opposite of a white cow? No. Both are cows. Black people and white people are not opposites, just different. Men and women are not opposites but different. We need to focus on our similarities, not differences.
Men and women are very different. A Black Man and a White man only have 1 difference in 1000 genes. But a women has more difference compared to even her own brother. What I am trying to say is you can make cows live the same way but you can’t make a man and a women have the same rights.
Try telling that to Bob the Bilger and Rabbi Kookaburra.😂
Bla bla bla. There are HUGE differences. Just go look up what Ibn Khaldun said on black people. He compared them to "dumb animals".
Oh please tell us how the different cow breeds are actually not different at all. How the red Brahmin is not at all different to highland cow.... I'm anxiously awaiting to know why one ethnicity is more inclined towards athleticism while another is built for endurance.
Oh that's right they are different after all....
@@blazzinga595 We are all different in the IQ and no difference in the breath. We are all exactly the same but completely different. That confuses people.
In THE ALEXANDRIAN QUARTET, Durrell searches out through the entire quartet how place is the fundament; we who live 'there' are the soil and air of it merely. Our individualities are as shaped by the forces of that land as is the topography. Our rise and fall 'there' is geological; great mountains are formed and erode, so the same with peoples. It haunts as an idea, and certainly contributes enticingly to the the thoughts of this sage (of many names). Thank you for encouraging a conversation on such a vast topic.
This picture I saw as his eyes closed HA they are open but the art is so fine to depict it both ways perfectly.
Immortality and the oppression of others.
That was wonderful👍🙏
It is for convenience and nothing last for ever ; laws of nature
To author: Khaldun do not need your apologies.
Isn't it interesting that he feels the need to make such comments? A reflection of the times - because he's probably right. Such comments are necessary.
The narrator believes he has to be "politically correct"...😎
There is no need to comment on what the author of the video says. As author and our belief in Freedom of Speech, he is entitled to interpret what he studies in any way he likes. You can present a rational argument to the actual content he speaks, but not his method of presentation, nor his own emotional reactions. I had not heard of this ancient wise man - so my sincere thanks for waking me up to his work, which I will now seek out.
@@pamelastorer8570 Apparently you are missing the point of the comment, namely that the author is trying to make "apologies" for the great thinker of the past. And that is very characteristic of our current academics in general... and totally unnecessary.
Who are you to talk for someone else.?
LOL
Funny
I have a slightly different way of describing Asabiyyah. That it is likened to a foundational myth that each culture and kingdom/empire has at its birth. Of course, besides the physical/geographical circumstances needed for a society to succeed, there must be such myths that catch the imaginative, psychic drive/energy of a people. This conviction drive is harnessed in all kingdom/empire-building projects (in their creative cultural projects & empire expansion). It provides a cosmology (one's place and purpose within the world and universe) and maintains and justifies a social order (provides morals/ethics & a ruling hierarchy).
I think your commentary adds to this by suggesting such myths are laid and resonate earlier in the process with common life's struggles by various peoples.
I think this psychic energy eventually wanes as the original shared impulse and spirit are lost with time. Societies fracture and geographies and climates change. We become soft.
Thank you for this informative video on this great man and his thoughts
Welcome !
His Magnum opus 'al muqadimmah' or the 'introduction' is a seminal text from which many argue the field of sociology erupted
Very nicely explained 👍🙏
Thanks and welcome
Thank you for this sharing!
The melding between common peoples called Assadeyah [sp???] on it's own will always have one failing, if it doesnt not acknowledge that in this Universe of duality, everything has it's opposite value.
Thus, as we have hours of daylight, work, productivity, we must have hours of darkness, of rest and reflection. And as we have good, we have evil.
But we need to define the good and the evil, and then learn how to protect ourselves from the evil, and what we must put in place to foster and grow the good. Just as we learn what a plant needs to grow well, be it, perhaps, dry ground with moderate rain, and if so, we thus do not plant in marshy ground, so we need to know what it is of good and evil in a human being, and the society they are a part of, to know what to protect and grow and what to eliminate and destroy; as we pull seeds from the ground we grow our food in, we must remove and nullify the evil in those who would destroy our society..
And this is the failing all societies have had so far. They have not learned how to define, recognise and remove, the seeds of evil.
The great French philosopher Henry Guenon was inspired by these oriental ancestral spiritual value in his book "the end of the modern time" strangely or understandable it is not much studied in university..
Je suis aussi en prépa et ma principale inquiétude est dès à présent l'overdose de travail - ce qui m'a coûté ma deuxième année .L'esprit est comme le corps , il a besoin de repos . C'est naturel pour un sportif de se reposer alors cela devrait aussi être le cas lors des activités intellectuelles à forte intensité.
excellent, thank you for sharing your ideas, you communicated in a succinct and effective manner. Cheers!
God bless you, Brother. Amazing video ❤
Much of this I see as true. The UK has good, very diverse and also accesible mineral resources. But before you even get to using them, survival in the UK has certain requirements. The climate is good for growing crops during the summer. But you must get your act together, and prepare for the cold damp winters which will kill without adequate shelter and some degree of planning. IMO this all encourages work discipline and innovation.
❤❤❤ THANK YOU SIR, INDEED, THE EXCESS & WORLDLY TRAPPINGS OF SUCCESS CAN BE THE "GERMINATING" FACTOR TO THE DETERIORATION & DECAY. GOD BLESS YOU DEAR SIR, MAY GODLY WISDOM LIGHT & GUIDE.
Great Ibn Khaldun
The cyclical concept of history had already evolved in ancient Egypt.
Most helpful for the present historic situation. No doubt a source of inspiration for Arnold Toynbee
The word عصبية "Asabiya" derives from عصب "Asab" which translates into nerve.
Imagine the group as one body.
When a nerve is hit, the whole body gets shaken.
And THAT's what Asabiya is
DUNE. You did a wonderful job expressing these ideas.
I wonder if Ibn Khaldun would have read Tacitus who made the very same observation centuries earlier. Either way, I feel this is something of a myth we all fall for. Particularly these days.
Basically, to keep society together _(social cohesion),_ we have to have forever wars and maintain fear among the populous by creating eternal enemies that are both weak and fearsome at the same time.
4:24 He Was An Arab Himself...
North African.
@@BlueB-bx6nhThat's Not A Race. Also It's Called The Arab Magrehb...
@@BlueB-bx6nhnorth African Arab
Takeaway? Nomadic tribes in middle-ages had to fight for survival, hence they had stronger social bonds than civilizations whose survival was better secured.
It was waste of time. Good you have found your interest tho.
Ibn Khaled was the father of sociology
He was Tunisian 🇹🇳
He didn't have a nationality, he lives before the existence of any modern North African country. Funny how in the comment section another man claiming him as Algerian. He was Arab ethnically of Hadrami ancestry, not berber / amazigh.
@@emanalmrogi8103well he did
He is Tunisian
Citizen of caliphate not nation state
@@arafatjamil2678 Tunisia was a kingdom and was called Africa
@@hana77ishwhat people are trying to tell you was that he was a Muslim of Yemeni descent, it doesn’t matter where he lived 😂
Islam was what pushed all of those advanced thinkers to provide humanity with their brilliant works (from maths, sciences, philosophy, etc.)
It doesn’t matter WHERE they resided but WHAT affected their thoughts and opinions
It was Islam
A modern study was done and it found that empires last an average of 250 years. The explanation is at the beginning of a video called The Four Horsemen (of the economy).
The one reason is spelled in English "G R E E D". Which doesn't alway's envolve monitary unit's.
Very appropriate for these modern times we all share. We've been ever so greedy, insincere and treacherous, and it's simple finally caught up with us. We couldn't even have the most basic equal human rights for all.