How Powerful Was the Dutch East India Company?
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- Опубліковано 1 сер 2020
- The Dutch East India Company was likely the most successful company in world history, a trading company so large it established its own colonies managing trade throughout the Indian Ocean for nearly 200 years, so just how was it established, how did it work, and how did it fall?
MUSIC:
"All Men on Deck" by Bonnie Grace*
"On A Hunt" by Philip Ayer*
*via EpidemicSound
👕 MERCH!
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📖 SOURCES:
www.visualcapitalist.com/most...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_E...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_E...
www.businessinsider.com/rise-...
*Just because I have sources doesn't mean my research is infallible. Though I aim for as much accuracy as I can manage, there are likely some facts I have gotten wrong.
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Alright, I'll just get it out of the way...
*G E K O L O N I S E E R D*
Dutch memes are a fine spice.
J A N P I E T E R Z O O N C O E N H E E F T N I K S V E R K E E R D G E D A A N
@@AmberKets listen to 0:21 he isnt
kitsada 2.0 ja toen ik nog een keer keek had ik het door
kitsada 2.0 lol
I'm from Indonesia, and I'm currently learning about the history of my country, specifically the VOC period. The textbooks and 'Power Points' that I got were kinda confusing, and this video helped me a lot, thank you...
true, i hope the teachers would taught the students more like this way nowadays..
There are just too many teachers who can't actually teach
In school I absolutely HATED studying history of the VOC or dynasties, but only during college I became interested after finding actually resourceful videos like this
The funny thing is in High School (I’m in college now) I loved learning history. Though I always new the classes ahead of the teachers teaching. I loved vids like this. Now that I think of it, I even got more from Wikipedia than from teachers.
As an Indonesian, I agree with that too. I actually have a lot of interest in learning history, but unfortunately i kinda find that the education curriculum teaches history in a somewhat repetitive and boring way as it is highly focused into national (Indonesian) history. From the age of ancient human species of Sangiran, to the end of President Suharto's regime in the late 90's, all of them were taught in the elementary schools, and then repeated again from the beginning in the junior high schools, and then repeated again from the beginning in the high schools with minor differences. The curriculum also give minor access to teach students about worldwide history like independence of USA, opium war, 1st and 2nd world war on the european front, and many more unless the students take the social science program in high school.
idk either this is a normal things that happened in other countries like European countries or not, but tbh i didn't like this way of teaching history to students. And btw, Indonesian education curriculum sucks imho.
It's so powerful they actually shape Indonesia in every way possible to this day
Could you explain in what way? The Dutch also colonized my region in Brazil but it didn't last very long (they were the first ones to build permanent bridges and also infrastructure like a sewage system in the city though)
@@Forlfir In the later ages of the colonisation, they allowed the locals to be schooled by their education, only limited to the wealthy and noble classss though. From here, Indonesians learnt about western medicines, philosophy, even technology
While the Dutch did actually milk Indonesians to the boot, they exposed us to western ideas. Nationalism exists in Indonesia today kinda ironically thanks to it.
@@Forlfir the dutch colonization of indonesia define what is indonesia for indonesian. before the dutch and western power come indonesia is ruled by many king and kingdom, fight for their own interest and glory. but during victorian era the dutch exposed the natives into nationalism, that a country should belong to one culture (like how German Unification happen) and the dutch is more likely to become the national enemy of indonesian, because of that indonesia is unified politicaly and culture.
Wait you said "It's" so that means it's still around...
@@BaenjaminS it always has been
It's funny how in Indonesian school history the VOC was never mentioned as a legitimate powerful company with factories all over the world and that they fell simply because of corruption, while in reality there were a lot of factors contnibuting to downfall.
Are you indonesian?
@@izmirs. yes I am
@@taniamanik2012 simplification, If you want to learn more just learn it yourself
@@malikfaisal416 sadly back when I was in school I didn't have stable internet, school libraries didn't have the best resources on history, and the way history teachers taught were a bit... boring. Only during college when internet became more accessible I got interested.
G E K O L O N I S E E R D
Dutsh : Gekeloniseerd!
German : Kolonisiert!
Dutch East Indies : Merdeka!
@@Qylk dutch*
Thank you so much to create this video
I as an Indonesian find that VOC isnt that much talk about (at least internationally)
and one point VOC never conquer whole of East Indies it only conquer major city such as batavia,makassar, etc but they puppeteer alot of local kingdoms either directly or indirectly and VOC is always said as Nation filled with Nation
as far as i understood the VOC just didn't give a damn about the interior of the nations they used as a trading point.
as long as they got whet they wanted (for cheap). If they could get a trade possible by using (abusing) a existing conflict between two islands they would just use that.
Only when now Indonesian became a actual colony of the Netherlands it self did it change a bit.
Here in the Netherlands they didn't teach us much about it when i was a kid in school. But more my own interest in looking it up.
@@sirBrouwer they did give a damn to the interior but it is mainly to the spice rich territory and an already established interior territory. they have some cruel policy that limits the natives chance of improving themselves such as verpliche leverantie policy (they forced the native to only sell stuff to the VOC),Contingenten policy (they force the native to give out their crops as a rent fee for their land), and other i forget.
but they mainly only take care of major cities and puppeteering local kingdoms.
The same goes for the other European colonial powers.
All they were interested in were spices, protected ports and traderoutes.
It was only during the Age of Imperialism, that all European colonial powers obliged themselves to actually conquer the territories they had claimed before that time, the hinterland of their actual colonies (strategic port towns).
Those colonial powers who did not occupy their claimed territories with troops and colonial government would forfeit their claims.
This was during the 19th Century and The Netherlands conquered the entire Indonesian Archipelago, with the exception of British territories or British protectorates.
"the only significant piece of land the dutcch managed to hold on to"
*cries in Dutch Surinam*
*Zuid Afrika looks away*
I mean even to this day people don't know about Suriname and some assume that it's Latin-American (along with Guyana).
@@OpinionesDeJACCsOpinions Suriname can be seen as latin america. since whole south america is latin america sort of speak. its just the only country that doesnt speak spanish or Portuguese.
@@metalvideos1961
Countries in the Americas that use Portuguese and Spanish are called Iberian America or Ibero-America, Latin America includes them and French-speaking regions of the American continent. Suriname, Guyana, and the English-speaking Caribbean aren't Latin-American!
At least the Dutch let you go peacefully with the love (?) of a parent. They got really overly obsessive and possessive of Dutch East Indie (Indonesia) post-war. It tore apart any tough love left within the hearts of many locals.
VOC is way cooler than Apple.
The virgin apple vs the CHAD VOC
both utilise slave labour
Netherlands Cassava apple hasn’t died yet so we still don’t know how it will die.
@Netherlands Cassava well Apple is still younger than the VOC so who knows
Accept if you lived in Indonesia at those times. VOC was ruthless. Although the primary goal was money, the means to get the money often were evil.
It shows what happens if you give a company too much power.
I was blasting Wilhelmus van Nassouwe before watching this lol
*WILHELMUS VAN NASSOWE BEN IK VAN DUITSEN BLOED*
It is a great national anthem. Saying this from Ireland!
Damn, China and Japan were driving luxury cars since a long time
It is often forgotten but the headquarters weren’t only in Amsterdam, but also in Middelburg, a city in the Dutch province of Zeeland(southwest of the Netherlands)
3:57 The Dutch never colonised/occupy the entirety of Borneo. Only the Southern Coast of the island.
Considering the north part is British territory, they're wise to stay away
Yeah, during the Victorian era, the northern part of Borneo was a growing Sarawak (under the White Rajah) and the declining Bruneian Empire
@@indraservo5764 Dutch at that time beat English always
Great Video on an excellent part of history often overlooked despite how influential some of the developments in it have since become
As a dutch person i can confirm this. Every dutch person who starts talking about the voc is like a highschool baseball player talking about his peak in highschool now that he is a janitor.
The Dutch are janitors now? I thought they were in the top 15 economies while dominating the agricultural sector?
@@mormacil its a joke u dum dum. we are a small country and we are nothing compared how we used to be.
Oof
@@Tom-vk2rv It read pretty serious, not hyperbolic enough to be in jest. Anyway I like to think we're better then we used to be.
@@mormacil we are morraly better but miltiary not.
What's also very interesting to me is that the VOC at the end of the day was just there to make money. They didn't really care about actually colonizing or enforcing Dutch language and culture. This is also one of the reasons why we were one of the only ones to trade with Japan. We weren't actually "imperialistic" yet.. the only colony that was administered by the VOC that was meant for settlement was south Africa. Despite normal Dutch people settling there it was meant as a retirement settlement for VOC employees. It's only after the colonies came under direct administration of the Dutch government that we really started become the classic imperialist enforcing more Dutch culture and language into the colonies yet at the same time we began building schools and hospitals as well. One thing I'll never understand though is who thought it was a good idea to teach the Indonesians about freedom,democracy etc while they didn't have either of those. We were heavily investing in the Dutch east indies because we weren't really powerful anymore and the Dutch east indies was the only "pride" we really had left from our glory days. We were building it up to be our crown jewel like India was for the British.
Strongly debatable. The Netherlands were the only ones to trade with Japan because they were willing to join the Shimabara Rebellion, and were so involved that the other side taunted Japans shogunate for his usage of “foreign mercenaries” and the Dutch were asked to withdraw. The support from Netherlands in the conflict and the demonization of Portugal and Spain (who were Christian) meant that the Dutch were the last ones standing before anyone else even became involved. To be involved in Japanese domestic conflict is 100% imperialism in comparison to commerce.
I like that you choosed the minectafy kcoms for the gold and materials
The Dutch have done many bad things, but also things that Indonesia now benefits from.
The Dutch were also interested in discovering and exploring new areas and documenting flora and fauna, new animal species, wildlife, historical temples and old civilisations.
The first railway lines were built in 1867 and by 1930 all major cities in Java and Sumatra were connected to the railway. This was a difficult task given the mountainous and tropical landscapes.
Construction of the Grote Post Weg in 1808. A 1000 km main road from west to east Java. Using this route, a journey from Bantam to Balambangan shortened from 14 days to four days. Small villages along this route became large cities such as Bandung, Malang and Sukabumi.
Coffee beans from Arabia and tea plants from India were brought by the Dutch to start their own plantations in the Dutch East Indies. Of course the VOC was about profit and the locals were poorly paid and treated. But nowadays Indonesia is one of the largest coffee and tea exporters in the world.
The Dutch also searched for oil in the 19th century and mapped the entire archipelago for possible oil fields. Royal Shell also originated in Indonesia and has found the first oil fields here. The former Dutch oil refineries were later taken over by Pertamina.
And don't forget the Bahasa Indonesia, the national language of Indonesia. The colonial government and under pressure from nationalist organizations wanted one language in the Dutch East Indies. For practical reasons, Malay languages were investigated, because most people in the archipelago already used this as a linga franca.
In 1908, under the leadership of the Dutchman Dr. G.A.J. Haseu, the Language Committee was established. He had to investigate which Malaysian language was most suitable for the entire archipelago. Javanese was intended to be introduced as a national language, but populations from Sumatra and Sulawesi disagreed. In 1918, the Dutch East Indies-Malaysian-language, the predecessor of Bahasa Indonesia was introduced as an administrative language in the Volksraad (parliament). And in 1926 it became an official language throughout the Dutch East Indies.
VOC is basically a country in itself. Like, what private company can mint their own currency and wage war.
On a slightly better note, at least the VOC (and later the Dutch) didn't force us to speak Dutch, although schools which were almost exclusively reserved for foreigners and high ranking natives (kings, sultans, regents, and their families) were conducted in Dutch. When they established their colonies here and started trading, they found out that the archipelago already has a lingua franca and they just roll with it.
Hey, who can deny profits my man.
It's funny that the Dutch and the British were allied while the VOC and the British were at war
Thumbnail is decent. I guess we're going to have the British East India Company next. Great Video.
Oh hi Isaac
@@rahqueef7638 KhAnubis server gang
@@rahqueef7638 Hi Rafif.
G E K O L O N I Z E E R D
ua-cam.com/video/BP2T7QEOaEk/v-deo.html
Dutsh : Gekeloniseerd!
German : Kolonisiert!
Dutch East Indies : Merdeka!
Alright, since there are way too much "gekoloniseerd" already, Imma gather the M E R D E K A squad here 😔✊
Lol bener
M E R D E K A
HAPPY DIRGAHAYU
M E R D E K A
As a Dutch person I must make an attempt to colonise the word -MERDEKA-, you can keep your freedom and liberty though. May thou bask in prosperity and a LOT of spices.
4:39 that sweet Bill Wurtz reference goes down smooth and is always satisfying.
**Scared Indonesian Screaming**
gw jadi ngeri ajg
Hi taffee!
*Yeet and grabs the bambu runcing*
@@itsfudge_ wkwkw
ih mereka nyeruin Gekeloniseerd! ke kita
yg artinya "Terjajah" tau 😠
Powerful enough to fill most of our form 4 textbook about them monopolizing sugar canes...
Or to make my history teacher force me to draw their ship on the whiteboard in class
The result of them crashing into an island off Western Australia was quite a horrific story.
Lunatics on a tiny island killing each other.
Ship of Batavia was it? Fuckin brutal.
Is it just me or did the part around 2:27 to around 3:30 almost exactly taken from the wikipedia article? (I literally just researched the formation of the VOC just a week ago from wikipedia), I love your videos, so Im just hoping that this isnt a lasting thing. (I mean technically it wouldnt be plagiarism because of the paraphrasing but the sequence and the presentation of the information is almost exactly the same)
Its unbelievable how could an enormous spice companies eventually fall, i feel like that's a big relief for the natives at that time.
@papa joe stalin of Stalinist stanistan and they got bamboozled too by the japanese, even after the japanese leave the dutch came back to reclaim its colony, man my country history is really sad to think about it.
@papa joe stalin of Stalinist stanistan yeah the bad experience from the past can make some nation goes bad too it's like a unstoppable chains, damn colonialism
SOOOOOOO POWERFUL
Do a 'How powerful was the British East India company', or for something slightly different 'How powerful was the British Hudson bay company'
The first dystopian megacorps
[sad Portuguese noise here]
Hey KhAnubis when you become super popular don't forget we were the OGs
Wow, using iron pickaxes to mine that gold must have been expensive!
5:24 Lol a Lamborgini!
One of the main reasons for establishing the VOC (and later the West Indian Company with its legalised privateers), probably the most important one for the Dutch Republic, was to earn money for financing the very expensive war against Spain and to undermine the spicetrade of the Portuguese and the Spanish.
Perseverance
If a guy from Amsterdam back in those days asks: Do you want to buy spices?
he wants to trade with you.
if a guy from Amsterdam NOW asks: Do you want to buy some spices?
he is trying to sell you weed.
Dutch never colonized whole sri lanka 🇱🇰 only the small costal area they control rest of the island control under the sri lankan king
Hungary must have, though ; because they pronounce the S as SH 😂🇭🇺😛
They conquered the city of Galle and built a fortress there. That fortress protected Galle from the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
Haha
1:16 sad new Amsterdam noises
It's so powerful even on all of the text books i've read.'til today it stil confusing to me,to much story to tell.
spicy
Fun fact: If we're to translate Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie to English following the Dutch construction, we'll get Foreoned Eastindies Company
United East Indies' Company
Ah, the VOC the company all other companies want to be.
The Virgin Apple, Incorporated vs the Chad Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie
5:26 "and silk, porcelain, spices and LAMBORGHINI to Japan"
Dai Viet: do you want sum thuốc lào
Wasn't there a Dutch company in the caribean? Just asking maybe it's not a co many but a part of the Netherlands
You mean the Dutch West Indies
There was also the WIC, "west india company". Even as a Dutch person I know very little of about them, only that they were one of the biggest slave traders
The Dutch had like 6 islands in the caribean, which they own to this day. They mostly govern themselves tho, given that they are on a different continent entirely.
@@stefangrobbink7760 thanks!
@@eendjesman9723 aslo thanks!
Me: "See The title"
Me Again: Okay ;-;
Next: British East India Company
Which caused the 2 opium wars,HK and the century of humiliation.
Ok, now do Pepsi's navy
Me,seeing the comment section full of gekoloniseerd : "Hatta, get the bambu runcing"
4:56 Minecraft sugar and gold?
Are you going to do the British East India Company, I mean I know they sold "poppies" to the Chinese to get out of debt, but I don't know anything more than that.
Because of this company, my History lesson is very fucking thick.
in the period in which they were having the country be closed lol, sounds familiar
Indo-Malay Archipelago:
**have spices and resources**
The Dutch and The VOC: “geef me de kruiden. (Give me the spices.)”
Me : Eating Indonesian Food
Me : Too Much spices Here
VOC : *Landing On My Food
Btw IM Indonesian
E
"Luxury goods" 😂🚗
From Indonesia: oh no
Wind, weed and water.
_S P E C E R I J E N_
Economics explained has a video that shows the voc wasn’t actually worth that much.
eyyyyy, daddy netherland's company.
-a guy from batavia
Ooo they are very powerfull
Indonesian: *cry*
Ahh yes....the period when we are having a date with the Dutch for 350 years
VOC > Apple and Amazon
G E K O L O N I S E E R D !
Dutsh : Gekeloniseerd!
German : Kolonisiert!
Dutch East Indies : Merdeka!
"Oh hey ni-"
GEKOLONISEERD
Dutsh : Gekeloniseerd!
German : Kolonisiert!
Dutch East Indies : Merdeka!
@@Qylk dutch: "ono"
Very wide
that company build Dutch East Indies
How powerful are modern companies?
Not powerful enough to own land like the East India companies
The VOC was around 8 times richer (in todays value) than Amazon is today.
Explore Golgumbaz
Richer than Apple
East Timor was still held by Portugal. Why it's an independent nation now after recovering its independence from Indonesia. Map error.
That's an exception......
Portugal did not leave any inheritance to their Colonies....
Letting go of the province is the best choice than having to share the Dutch Treasures with the Lost Children of Portugal......
Je kan vochtig niet spellen zonder VOC
Did you say 'zu' instead of 'to' in order to make us believe that you are German?
No
All empires should fall. We see you, Merica France and Britain
*VOC MENTALITEIT*
Yeet
I think
The English copied the Dutch model not the other way around
Funfact : Indonesians can't speak dutch even we had been colonized more than 3 centuries.
Yeah but realize it or not, many indonesian words actually have dutch origins. As an example, "kamar" (room) in dutch is actually "kamer", and "wortel" (carrot) is the same in Indonesian and in dutch. And those are just 2 words that we use almost daily. Who knows how many other words actually have dutch origins lol
Not really surprising the Dutch people back then just couldn't be bothers. as long as they made a profit who cares.
It was more easy to keep people ''dumb'' and let them just work. (we did the same to the other now overseas territories. Don't teach them what they don't need to know. Just let them work.)
Even tho in modern Indonesian you will find (old) Dutch words with in.
It’s not surprising. It’s sort of like how Spain colonized the Philippines. While they tend to have Spanish names, also share the same religious faith, your average Filipino will not speak Spanish. This is true of many countries that had been colonized. Often it was a higher class of the local population that learned the colonial language.
It doesn't matter how much Indonesians hate former colonialists....
We must admit that the VOC is the Richest Company in History.....
In fact, Indonesia, which is currently a G20 force, is a continuation of the VOC.
This is not a good thing, if we don't change Indonesia then our country will also end up the same as the VOC in the past ( collapse ). 👀 🇵🇾
I see a lot of indos here
Z E G M A K K E R
We weren't part of Spain but the king of Spain was our overlord.
That difference is minute and had no impact within the context of this story.
@@mormacil Nonetheless, getting the facts right is important. It's an understandable error but I see it everywhere.
@@semkoops If we're being pedantic then the concept of nation states didn't exist yet. We were subjects to the king of Spain. One could argue that after winning the war the Netherlands was the first nation state but before that we were subjects to the king of Spain. We were as much part of Spain as Bilboa was.
F l e v o l a n d
0:43 false, thats because there is no definitive value to the East India Company. Their value is essentially just the combined worth of China and the Indian subcontinent as a whole. It gets especially difficulty to define when the company goes overboard and begins a literal empire
Additionally the French East India Company was in conflict with the VOC and won enough times to surely have the same value
Obligatory G E K O L O N I S E E R D
well actually Sumatra was under the British East India Company and the Brits decided to get off the island after Mt. Krakatau (south of Sumatra) spread ash to all the way to Africa
Stop having Japan be closed
Somebody else's got the bill wurtz reference. I'm so happy
In Indonesia, we called it "Kompeni"
Seeing as in Dutch it was ofter referred to as just The "Compagnie" it makes seems.
I think the pronunciation of "Kompeni" & "Compagnie" is similar if not identical (I don't speak Indonesian or Malaysian, so I don't know).
Indonesian anyone?
Half Indonesian kids yes...
di sini
GEKOLONISEERD
Dutsh : Gekeloniseerd!
German : Kolonisiert!
Dutch East Indies : Merdeka!
View no.6
As an Indonesian, i am still surprised that my people don't hold a lot of grudge against the Dutch. Not to side with the Dutch, but for some reason, even though we are educated to remember the colonisation age, Indonesians don't hate the Dutch a lot. Or maybe it's just me 😅
That's pretty normal. Us Dutchies (and i think most other countries) don't hold a grudge against Germany either for what they did. I don't see a reason either for having grudges at this day and age since most people who lived during that era are already dead.
confused indonesian screaming
heh
Hi Rafiff, sorry for voting and then unvoting your poster!
@@watercressfabrique3333 is it you KAISER WILHELM. if it is WHYYYYYYYY
Indeed
5th
There'legacy is not complex. They were a bunch of criminals.
Lol think about a country controlled by a company is very cool
Dutsh : Gekeloniseerd!
German : Kolonisiert!
Dutch East Indies : Merdeka!