Neuroscience Basics: Anesthesia, How it Works, Animation.
Вставка
- Опубліковано 11 жов 2024
- What we know about anesthesia - types of drugs, procedures, mode of action, what an anesthetized brain is like? complications.
Purchase a license to download a non-watermarked version of this video on AlilaMedicalMedia(dot)com
Check out our new Alila Academy - AlilaAcademy(dot)com - complete video courses with quizzes, PDFs, and downloadable images.
©Alila Medical Media. All rights reserved.
All images/videos by Alila Medical Media are for information purposes ONLY and are NOT intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Anesthesia is the use of drugs to prevent or reduce pain during a medical procedure. There are two major classes of drugs:
Local anesthetics: these drugs block transmission of pain signals from peripheral nerve endings to the central nervous system. And
General anesthetics: these act on the central nervous system itself to induce unconsciousness and total lack of sensation.
There are 3 major categories of anesthesia procedures:
Local anesthesia: a local anesthetic is administered directly to the site of procedure to numb a small area such as a tooth during a dental manipulation.
Regional anesthesia: a local anesthetic is injected near a cluster of nerve roots to prevent pain sensation from the area innervated by those nerves. Epidural given to women in labor is an example of this type.
General anesthesia: general anesthetics are used to suppress the entire central nervous system, resulting in loss of consciousness. A cocktail of several drugs are inhaled, given intravenously, or both. This type is used for major surgical procedures.
Apart from pain management, general anesthesia has some other goals: prevent formation of new memories, relax muscles, and suppress autonomic response to surgical injuries which could otherwise be extreme and harmful. General anesthetics are commonly used in combination with other drugs to achieve these end points.
An example of general anesthetic drug is Propofol. The exact mechanism of action of Propofol remains unclear, but it is thought to inhibit responsiveness of neurons via its binding to GABA receptor. GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Upon binding, it triggers GABA receptor - a ligand-gated chloride channel - to open and allow chloride ions flow into the neuron, making the cell hyperpolarized and less likely to fire. In other words, GABA makes the brain cells less responsive to new stimuli. Propofol binding has been proposed to potentiate GABA receptor, keeping the channel open for longer time and thus exaggerating this inhibition effect.
It is believed, however, that under anesthesia the brain does not simply shut down. Instead, the connections between different parts of the brain are lost. Using various brain imaging techniques it’s been shown that an anesthetized brain is still reactive to stimuli such as light and sounds, but somehow this sensory information is not processed resulting in no further consequences. A variety of anesthetic drugs are available, each of which may have different target molecules in the brain. However, if used at a high enough dosage, they can all cause unconsciousness. This is probably because consciousness is the result of a complex network of various brain functions, disruption of any of which could result in network dysfunction.
Emerging from unconscious state is not simply the result of drugs wearing off. As the connections between parts of the brain were lost, the brain has to somehow find the way to connect them back upon awakening. This usually happens in a certain order: the most basic and essential functions, such as respiratory and digestive reflexes, come back first, more complex brain functions return after. This may explains why older patients and people with pre-existing neurological conditions may take longer to recover all cognitive brain functions. The risk and extent of postoperative delirium - a state of mental confusion after surgery - are also higher in these patients.
The right dose of overall anesthesia is critical. It is usually calculated based on patient’s weight, age and medical history. Past or current uses of recreational drugs also have to be taken into account. Too much anesthesia results in a too deep state of unconsciousness, and consequently greater risks of postoperative complications and long-term cognitive dysfunction. On the other hand, a too low dose may cause the patient to wake up during the surgery, a phenomenon known as anesthesia awareness, which might be a traumatic experience to some patients.
Love our videos? Check out our new courses made entirely with videos like this (without watermark): www.alilaacademy.com/
Finally, a video that REALLY explains how anesthesia work. THANK YOU VERY MUCH !
yes!
I've gone through anesthesia 3 times in my life.... It's an extremely magical trick for brain
Yet people online claim there is no explanation of how anesthesia works. Clearly there IS an explanation
It would b intresting to know about 4 stages of anaesthesia...1.analgesia,2.delirium,3.surgical anaesthesia, and 4.medullary paralysis..
Thank you verrrry much I hope If I was knew this channel from long time + we need more videos in anaesthesia 🥰🥰🥰
Thank 🙏🏼👏🏻👌🏻👍🏼 very interesting video🌹. Although Had watched before Never get tired 😴. Love ❤️ it 🙏🏼👏🏻🙏🏼👏🏻GOD ✝️BLESS YOU All. Viewer From DENMARK 🇩🇰 🇩🇰🇩🇰.
Thank 🙏🏼👏🏻You. Very good vedio👍🏼✌🏼with a Clear voice with an Good explanation🙏🏼. Bit difficult to Follow But I Consented very Carefully. It's very interesting I always love ❤️ to watch Medical "Health " program like that. So I can learn From it. ✌🏼👌🏼🌹🙏🏼👏🏻God Bless You. Keep up the good 😊. work DOCTOR• Viewer from DENMARK 🇩🇰🇩🇰. DK• 🙏🏼Again. ((5.6.17))
How the f*** did they figure this out? This is amazing
Gotta be by mistake
Years of study and research. And here we are. We are so lucky for all the knowledge.
Thank you so much for this
How the Hell did we figure this out & what did they do back then before anesthesia?
They used nothing other than whiskey and such they needed to see the patient was in pain in order to tell they were alive
I had general Anesthesia 33 years back, while doing Ear drum surgery on left ear. The Consciousness came back in the morning after 12 hours & I dont remember accept inhaling at oper.table no in between.
thank you a very informative video..I had a right retina surgery lay face down to heal for 7 days. they gave me general anesthesia for a 13 minute surgery....after the 7 days in another 3 days I had a severe head pain for 14 days and I had light head for around 6 months. I got some kind of hissing with rhythm after 2 months after surgery on that same side the right ear and it will be 2 years 7/9/20 and I still hear that annoying torcherous noise...no one knows exactly what caused this...I have always had a quiet head that surgery changed my life...If the anesthesia or the moxifloxcin eye drops caused a reaction do you think my brain will ever heal? thank you for your help...
Very useful knowledge.. What is consciousness and how it is processed in brain parts
I’m having permanent dissociation and dizziness after my 7th procedure using general anaesthesia. I am now wondering if it is caused by the mechanics in the neurotransmitters. Can someone shed some light to this please? It’s been 3.5 months
How is it now?
Nice explanation..
Thank you.
Good video.
hey been searching on reason why local anesthetic agent ineffective in infected tissue! thank you
Thank u for lesson
very nice and helpfull lectures
it will b helpful ...if u make a vdo on androgen insensitivity syndrome.
Just thinking out loud, wonder if any Anesthesiologist can help? Is there a possibility that propofol will bind to gaba receptors permanently and results in permanent inhibition of neurons activities?
Informative
very nice and analytical video
thanks a lot
Please make video about cancer cell spreading
Video about pulmonary edema please!
Nice video😊
if u could go in more details of mechanisms of anesthesia drugs just a more detailed video on anesthesia drugs
This very helpful video for medical students! so, please help me to get more videos concern about histology and physiology
can you do a video on physiology of pain please...??
Good
sir,plz give all CNS acting drugs class mechanism of actions ,request
please make a video on
Immuno response during
Tuberculosis (TB) @ malaria
Here is the one on TB ua-cam.com/video/202hkf43HXQ/v-deo.html
Alila Medical Media Please one on the nasal septum deviation :)
How long does General Anesthia remain in the body? Can patients experience headaches a week or 2 post surgery.
Stages of anaesthesia
Upload chemotherapy vedios
nice video ...😊
I want to c- seven fusion for a Herniated disc. TheAnesthesiologist allowed me to be without oxygen for too long. The surgery was canceled I was sent home now I have horrible muscle pains all over my body but with the patient need to do next?I have felt this pain before when I worked out to where I would be sore but nothing like this what should I expect?
sue
depressant effect of SALINE on the central nervous system.
Sir please give sedative and hypnotic drugsg
im gwtting my neurostimulator by Medtronic out of my back soon what preop stuff are needed plus anesrhesia is used plus healing time
Does it cause atelectasis?
What happens to the body when you’re getting ready for surgery and the anesthesiologist allows you to have a lapse of oxygen 15-20 minutes
Just read this whole thing! Trust me, you will *NOT REGRET IT!!!*
I've heard that anesthetics is made for two things, unconscious the person, and stop pain feelings. Sometimes one of these things
Your message was cut off
Testifying in court proceeding after having anestesia
I believe if someone takes the chemicals in marijuana plants, they need to stop using CBD (or whatever it is called) about 6 weeks before undergoing general anesthesia.
Why?
Anesthesia puts us to sleep so we won’t feel any pain
Devani Ortman in other words, makes you "dead".
it's more like a comatose state than a sleep state
Going under anesthesia is referred to as "being put to sleep" because it's totally palatable. Sleep is something we all can identify with. If medical professionals were fully forthcoming they'd tell us that we'll be put into a medically induced coma. A combination of anxiolytics (relax), benzodiazepines (forget/have no memory), opiates (feel no pain), paralytic (muscles cease to sustain breathing so they will breathe for you) and various inhaled gases (naintenance) all produce unconsciousness.
@@wii1245 yes, in fact mere steps from clinical death. If not overseen properly there can be very disastrous results. But the percentage of these disasters are minutely small. Unfortunately, I'm learning about all of this as I an currently dealing with a situation in which a close relative of mine fell into that minute percentage less than one month ago. It's not pretty at all.
being unconscious is very different from being asleep
0:32-today at dentist
Do people dream during anaesthetic?
No not at all
I don't think so, during the operation, I didn't feel anything, It's look like a black screen until I woke up
@salma3686 yeah, that's a real creepy feeling. That period of amnesia from my surgery 4 months ago bothers me to this day. It was my first surgery ever.
can you maybe do nicotine next
So if i was stabbed or set on fire i wouldnt feel anything
Under ga, I could have been violated and I wouldn't know it. It still bugs me to this day.😢😢
In other words, no one knows..
Of course they don't. They sugarcoat everything and then hope for the best.
Nice video 👌