How To Read A Phylogenetic Tree | Introduction + 5 Exercises!

Do you struggle to read and understand Phylogenetic trees? You are not alone! This video will break down how to read a phylogenetic tree, the differences between tips branches and nodes, what are phylogenies, how to find the most recent common ancestor, how to find all the descendants from an ancestor, sister groups, monophyletic, polyphyletic, and para phyletic groups, why birds are considered reptiles, what are clades, and some common mistakes when interpretation phylogenetic trees.
00:00 - Introduction
01:00 - What are phylogenies?
03:38 - Most Recent Common Ancestors
07:01 - Finding Descendants from a Node
08:03 - What are Sister Groups
10:08 - Monophyletic, Paraphyletic, and Polyphyletic groupings
10:38 - Monophyletic Groups Explained
11:40 - Paraphyletic Groups Explained
13:28 - Polyphyletic Groups Explained
14:26 - Example: Are Birds Reptiles?
15:00 - What are Clades?
16:40 - Okay but why are birds reptiles?
19:17 - Common Mistake: Phylogenies can rotate
26:11 - Common Mistake: Organisms at the end are not more advanced
30:55 - Exercise 1: Mono-, Para- ,and Polyphyletic Groups
34:20 - Exercise 2: Understanding Rotations on Phylogenies
39:27 - Exercise 3: Number of Tips, Nodes, and Branches
42:53 - Exercise 4: Most Recent Common Ancestor
45:22 - Exercise 5: How many monophyletic groups?

[@cameron300]

Your channel is criminally underrated given how well you explained Phylogenies.

[@anitakasanga4226]

You are an excellent teacher. You made it easy for me to understand

[@rochelle3349]

This was super helpful for my bio 2 class. Thank you for sharing your knowledge on those topics!

[@silverangelize]

Thank you SO MUCH - you're a fantastic teacher

[@mackss9468]

FANTASTIC VIDEO! You are a gifted teacher. Please make more!!!

[@BiologistDillon]

Thank you! will do! always open to suggestions for topics 👍

[@nicolleleoncast]

This was incredibly helpful for my upcoming test (evolution and pop genetics) on Thursday. You have a talent and skill to teach- Bravo!

[@BiologistDillon]

Hope you aced the test! Those subjects are always tricky

[@panafricandesignsandapparel]

Man thank you for the detail presentation...08:03 - What are Sister Groups 19:17 - Common Mistake: Phylogenies can rotate

[@BiologistDillon]

Appreciate it!

[@alizuqarnain4785]

Thank you so much Mr.Dillon, you really made it very simple to understand , even i'm an undergraduate student but still i was able to understand the each concept... May God bless you more✨

[@BiologistDillon]

Thank you! I really appreciate it

[@roubo]

Excellent lesson. Thanks so much for sharing this.

[@checutzz]

Keep going 🔥🔥🔥

[@TheVoyage2904]

Excellent lecture !

[@amilk1948]

great video man :)

[@BiologistDillon]

Thank you! Appreciate it

[@kakaeriko]

Am not even a biologist but i enjoy these

[@BiologistDillon]

Glad to hear it!

[@vishalupadhyay416]

How to find an outgroup in the phylogenetic tree 🌳??????

[@BiologistDillon]

Hey! Just answered your question as a short ua-cam.com/users/shorts_erKX-44fjE