Solving Hardy Weinberg Problems

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  • Опубліковано 30 січ 2025

КОМЕНТАРІ • 1,5 тис.

  • @sealseal9955
    @sealseal9955 6 років тому +682

    What saved me: "when talking about allele frequency, you use p and q. when talking about people, you use p^2, 2pq, and q^2." YOU ARE LIFE SAVER

    • @kylelohman5036
      @kylelohman5036 4 роки тому +10

      Looks at notes- Yep that is one of the main things I squared on my notes!

    • @sol88ce
      @sol88ce 4 роки тому +24

      thank you for writing this comment i almost left this video bc i couldn't find clarification and you just saved my life before a bio exam. thanks again

    • @beatahage5050
      @beatahage5050 2 роки тому +1

      Thank you so much for commenting this because I forgot and you just saved me

  • @soro6937
    @soro6937 9 років тому +1073

    Not even college professors teach this effectively. You are a great instructor!!!

    • @kaikinder6543
      @kaikinder6543 5 років тому +6

      I'm in middle school and I have a test on this tmr

    • @tejukanaparthy
      @tejukanaparthy 3 роки тому +23

      Kai Kinder what kinda middle school u going to

    • @thijmendehaas1339
      @thijmendehaas1339 3 роки тому

      @@kaikinder6543 samee lmao

    • @Daazle
      @Daazle 3 роки тому +3

      @@kaikinder6543 im in highschool learning this

    • @coliseacausey6356
      @coliseacausey6356 2 роки тому

      @@Daazle everyone does, you’ll relearn it in college too

  • @orangecrush4
    @orangecrush4 9 років тому +1525

    "Plague biology students forever." You got that right.

    • @esl4869
      @esl4869 9 років тому +3

      eangelion profile picture^^

    • @keyagupta235
      @keyagupta235 5 років тому +1

      yes JAKE PERALTA AAAAA

    • @morganpew8911
      @morganpew8911 4 роки тому +5

      Plaguing me right about now

    • @nat4909
      @nat4909 3 роки тому

      @@morganpew8911 plaguing me rn

    • @EternalShadow1667
      @EternalShadow1667 3 роки тому +1

      6 years on, yep.

  • @Jeanjellybean13
    @Jeanjellybean13 9 років тому +530

    Please never stop making videos. Your channel is helping me survive my Bio major

    • @VivekBabbar
      @VivekBabbar 8 років тому +27

      Jeannie Weasly and I am learning all this in high school...

    • @misskabalan
      @misskabalan 7 років тому +20

      i learned this in high school, did great, forgot it all, and have to do it again in uni. It keeps coming back to haunt me!

    • @zain4019
      @zain4019 7 років тому

      Mary yea same!

    • @tanmay8426
      @tanmay8426 4 роки тому +1

      @@VivekBabbar fellow indian i see

    • @chinmaysharma5202
      @chinmaysharma5202 4 роки тому

      @@tanmay8426 you right maannnn...

  • @c7l7l7
    @c7l7l7 8 років тому +3704

    Who else is cramming for a bio final?

  • @Ryan-sj3cb
    @Ryan-sj3cb 8 років тому +1094

    I wonder how many biology grades got saved bc of this channel lmao

    • @SnowBunneh
      @SnowBunneh 6 років тому +5

      Probably mine at least :,3

    • @gbritto98
      @gbritto98 6 років тому

      Me

    • @TACHYON_XYZ
      @TACHYON_XYZ 5 років тому +2

      too many

    • @michaelgimenez4032
      @michaelgimenez4032 4 роки тому +1

      Passed no, passed the 80% mark yes. I score 80 on the midterm, found that channel , finished with 89% :)

    • @Guy_OFFICIAL
      @Guy_OFFICIAL 3 роки тому

      Not my mine

  • @JerrySpringfield1
    @JerrySpringfield1 4 роки тому +19

    Being taught this during online classes is a nightmare. They give you some chart that explains absolutely nothing, then it asks you to solve all these problem. Literally have had to teach myself for two semesters now from UA-cam videos. Glad these exist.

  • @lilyanderson8297
    @lilyanderson8297 5 років тому +358

    I made a poem, it’s called Bozeman the man
    Bozeman
    Oh Bozeman
    From bio I ran
    For I couldn’t stand
    From chem I ran
    For I couldn’t land
    On UA-cam it was you I scanned
    Whose videos I crammed
    Who made me understand
    And now Bozeman
    It is you I stan

    • @adityaagarwal2381
      @adityaagarwal2381 3 роки тому +48

      Hearting a comment 8 years after the video came out, what a madlad.

    • @tomevers23
      @tomevers23 8 місяців тому +2

      Brings a tear to my eye

    • @SeanMatsuda-cy9hs
      @SeanMatsuda-cy9hs 7 місяців тому +1

      ​@@tomevers23 yo 2 weeks ago is crazy

    • @tomevers23
      @tomevers23 7 місяців тому

      @@SeanMatsuda-cy9hs 7 hours ago is crazy

    • @SeanMatsuda-cy9hs
      @SeanMatsuda-cy9hs 7 місяців тому

      @@tomevers23 7 hours ago again is crazy

  • @Sara_Lauren
    @Sara_Lauren 3 роки тому +66

    I just wanted to say thank you after nearly 10 years of watching your videos - I started watching while taking Honors Chem in high school, went through my Biomed undergrad and a Masters, and now am taking my Genetic Counseling board exam next week. I knew whenever I needed a concept explained, I could count on an in-depth review by you. Truly, thank you!

  • @premedhelps
    @premedhelps 5 років тому +76

    literally my bio teacher rambles on and on for an hour and I don't get shit, but Mr. Anderson explains everything in 15 mins. Not all heroes wear capes

  • @davidadams255
    @davidadams255 2 роки тому +10

    I'm a med student who took a few years off school, so I have to do a lot of refresher content. Years later, coming back to these same videos I used to learn biology is a nice burst of nostalgia. Thanks for the years of help Bozeman Science!

  • @B3bita1215
    @B3bita1215 9 років тому +41

    Mr. Andersen Thank youuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu!!!!!!!
    You are amazing, got 98.5 % on my genetics test. Thank you, thank youuuuuu.

  • @vampirewalldecor
    @vampirewalldecor 9 років тому +131

    You just saved me from failing my quiz tomorrow in AP biology. Thank you!

  • @razorhighflyer
    @razorhighflyer 5 років тому +8

    Holy crap, when you said you "lost me", you actually didn't. You explained everything quite directly, and the examples used are very informative and explain the topic comprehensively. It takes a lot of skill to do this, and you have nailed it!

  • @Juliantje94
    @Juliantje94 12 років тому +10

    My biology 30 teacher doesn't even teach anymore... he just shows your videos because he knows that you can explain it way better than he can. thank you Mr.Anderson

  • @TheMapleKMS
    @TheMapleKMS 8 років тому +64

    I love bio, but I just could not for the life of me get myself to understand this equation. Idk why but you explained it so much better than all of my professors ever had combined. Much appreciated sir.

  • @Pokechamp653
    @Pokechamp653 6 років тому +125

    A way I learned to remember which one im looking for:
    The word "Population", contains 2 P's, and the word "Frequency" Contains 1 Q, Which is exactly what youre looking for in each.
    (Just remember that youre most likely going to be looking for Q squared first with populations)

    • @flop1272
      @flop1272 5 років тому +2

      Thx

    • @juliak9899
      @juliak9899 5 років тому

      Thank you for sharing this method!

    • @yashinipandi7235
      @yashinipandi7235 4 роки тому +1

      thank you so so much for this!

    • @Pokechamp653
      @Pokechamp653 4 роки тому +12

      @@yashinipandi7235 youre welcome! its only been a year and not only have i totally forgotten this comment but i have no memory of the actual work or what its about. (says a lot about the one and done education system) but i can say that i got an A on the exam, so best of luck! lmao

    • @markmarkson3047
      @markmarkson3047 4 роки тому

      Smart

  • @JessieShaw-k8z
    @JessieShaw-k8z 18 днів тому +1

    You helped me so much I was stuck for over an hour trying to figure this out but after following your steps I gasped out loud with relief when I got the answers right! Thank you!!

  • @mkriddlez7805
    @mkriddlez7805 4 роки тому +4

    At 35 I'm re learning how to learn. You, Mr Anderson, have made it much easier! I hope you continue to do what you do because kids today and adults alike need folks like you more then ever. You are a master at your craft.
    Excellent teacher.
    Thank you.
    Cheers :)
    Dee

  • @animeftw487
    @animeftw487 2 місяці тому +3

    Been doing a unit on this for over a month, first time understanding it with a single video 9 hours before the exam

  • @JenBurton101
    @JenBurton101 10 років тому +3

    I usually have to watch 1 or 2 of your videos every week for APBio, and they're always helpful. You explain things very clearly and concisely. Thank you so much!

  • @matzy2426
    @matzy2426 6 місяців тому +1

    med student here, just wanted to say a quick thank you! struggled with this one the past 4 years, super easy once you explained it

  • @Re94Becca
    @Re94Becca 12 років тому +4

    I just got my mark back for my first year university bio...I was sure I was failing the class but I went into my final exam worth 50% of my grade confident that I would do well after watching these videos! I'm sure these videos helped me boost my mark up two letter grades, with this one helping the most. There where about 4 questions on the exam about the Hardy Weinberg Equation and I would not have known the answers had I not watched this video. THANK YOU SOOOO MUCH FOR POSTING THEM!

  • @quincey3528
    @quincey3528 3 роки тому +2

    Dang, still a lifesaver with a decade old video..thank you!!

  • @devintruong
    @devintruong 10 років тому +256

    my teacher was to lazy to teach us so she assigned this video for homework

    • @daleeraemottahedeh167
      @daleeraemottahedeh167 6 років тому +8

      HAHAHAHAHA MINE TOOOOO

    • @Crembonii
      @Crembonii 6 років тому +1

      eyy

    • @makaylareyes90
      @makaylareyes90 6 років тому +1

      me 2

    • @MrAstarothien
      @MrAstarothien 5 років тому +22

      She is probably not lazy, just recognizing that Mr. Anderson is bonkers at explaning bio, and other stuff aswell. This man needs a nobel prize in explanations or something of the like

    • @Eshaeman907
      @Eshaeman907 5 років тому +1

      This is very bad

  • @kenyaprofit
    @kenyaprofit 10 років тому +54

    I learned more from this video than from my ap biology teacher

  • @sfgiantsfan12345
    @sfgiantsfan12345 10 років тому +5

    This guys is the man, every one of his videos has answered all of my questions

  • @salvia_salmon
    @salvia_salmon 2 роки тому +1

    its been 3 years , ive watched numerous class on this topic and finally today ...i know what it means.. thnk you

  • @ak-hy4lo
    @ak-hy4lo 8 років тому +15

    YOURE MY SAVIOR!!!! My exam is in 7 hours!!!! Thanks man!

    • @ak-hy4lo
      @ak-hy4lo 8 років тому +2

      I want to give this more than 1 thumbs up :') you sir are a legend

  • @kev3562
    @kev3562 9 років тому +6

    it feels like a huge weight has been lifted off my shoulders. thank you so much, you are amazing.

  • @x0cx102
    @x0cx102 6 років тому +23

    At 3:28, he mentions the probability of getting two reds is (7/10) * (7/10) according to the law of "multiplication". In a sufficiently large sample size, this would be approximately correct, but in his analogy, the probability of getting two reds would actually be (14/20) * (13/19), as they aren't independent events here.

    • @christinawalker6356
      @christinawalker6356 6 років тому +2

      That's what I was thinking but I dont think the gene pool changed when he took the second sample.

    • @immekooi2865
      @immekooi2865 5 років тому +2

      And even more precise; (14/20) * (13/19)

  • @prettyangry5665
    @prettyangry5665 8 років тому

    I haven't been able to do Hardy-Weinberg all year long. I've had my teacher show me how to do it, I've read my textbook over and over, but I still couldn't grasp it. Tomorrow I've got an important biology exam, and the likelihood of Hardy-Weinberg coming up is very high. I can't even thank you enough for how much this video has helped me. I grasped it immediately!

  • @josephyang5036
    @josephyang5036 11 років тому +4

    wow thank you. it took my TA in college 4 hours to explain hardy weinberg and chi-squared test while it only took you 20mins. thanks a bunch

  • @unifiedbiology
    @unifiedbiology Рік тому

    I just sent two of your videos to one of my students to clarify the Hardy-Weinberg mess she had to decipher! 😊
    Teachers and students everywhere enjoy what you do! You are CLARITY in a sea of mis and dis information!!!

  • @stephanieu5817
    @stephanieu5817 7 років тому +7

    I was so lost when my bio teacher was explaining this, I stared at the homework all class period lol this helped me out, at least I know where to start now.

  • @JrdnDougz
    @JrdnDougz Місяць тому +1

    this is fs gonna help me pass my lab. it was clear as mud and now that youve explained it its crystal clear

  • @RADS579
    @RADS579 10 років тому +14

    Once again sir you save me from failure in AP Bio

  • @craigcambridge2484
    @craigcambridge2484 7 років тому

    The best Hardy Weinberg explanation online. Totally worth the watch. Thank You

  • @heyo1762
    @heyo1762 7 років тому +18

    You taught me more in 10 minutes than my teach did in 80

    • @ezzeldin3714
      @ezzeldin3714 3 роки тому

      You did hardy weinberg in an hour and a half?

  • @cranedaddy678
    @cranedaddy678 10 місяців тому +1

    I just found this for my wife who is taking a biology class and now I look like the smartest man alive. Ty Bozeman Science!

  • @camilajaramillo5511
    @camilajaramillo5511 9 років тому +47

    It's like crashcourse is charmander and you are charizard. Both amazing but you're at another level!. Thanks, dude.

    • @99growlithe99
      @99growlithe99 8 років тому +15

      Lol, comparing the evolutions of two Pokémon on a video relating to evolution. Nice.

    • @itsnotme6869
      @itsnotme6869 8 років тому +6

      99growlithe99 technically you can't use hardy weinberg when evolution is happening because the population would change. Sorry for being a smartass

    • @RaincloudTheDragonXD
      @RaincloudTheDragonXD 7 років тому +2

      Floor Abbestee huehue well played :3

  • @thebrightnights8677
    @thebrightnights8677 8 місяців тому +1

    اشكررررررررررك انا من السعودية 🇸🇦 وتوي افهمها ماتصدق وش كثر عانيت الله يهدي قلبك للاسلام واقابلك بالجنة ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

  • @2jukojohn
    @2jukojohn 10 років тому +376

    Dude u rock. Thanks man

  • @kpopfan9550
    @kpopfan9550 5 років тому +2

    WOW! Thank you so much! I learned about the Hardy-Weinberg equation this week in high school Biology, but my Biology teacher is not good at explaining things and he is also sort of a jerk, so its really hard to get help from him. However after watching this video I clearly understood how to solve it now, that teacher is the GOAT. I subscribed to the channel, I am relieved that I found this video. My Biology weekly quiz is tomorrow!

  • @traviswilson1993
    @traviswilson1993 8 років тому +3

    This was awesome. I've never taken a class on this or anything but halfway through the video I understood why the formula is the way it is and I even made up a method to solve when there are 3 alleles, so thanks a lot!

    • @traviswilson1993
      @traviswilson1993 8 років тому +2

      (if the third allele is z) p^2 + q^2 + z^2 + 2pq + 2pz +2qz = 1
      I quickly realized that the base equation is rarely viable because it only applies when there are 2 possible alleles. In the case of this new equation, 1 given is not enough, (because there are 3 variables in the equation) so you would need 2 givens to actually solve it.

    • @bachukidalakishvili6658
      @bachukidalakishvili6658 7 років тому +1

      Good mathematical thinking,but know this.Traits are usually determined by 2 alleles,so you don't have to struggle so much.The only time 3 alleles are used is during Codominance(blood types would be an example)but still good job

  • @mygodsavedtheday
    @mygodsavedtheday 9 років тому +1

    It's 2:30 am and I have an exam in a few hours & you literally just saved my life THANK YOU

  • @joker37281
    @joker37281 11 років тому +171

    Looks like I'm not failing my biology test tomorrow.

  • @suzig6185
    @suzig6185 10 років тому

    This video is awesome. For one thing, it's at least a minute shorter than all of the other videos on this subject I've seen, and I actually get the material now. Thanks!

  • @TheGreatAli02
    @TheGreatAli02 5 років тому +8

    Blankly stared at my bio teacher for 40 minutes, came here and learned it in 11 minutes.

  • @Gedas_Ke
    @Gedas_Ke 8 років тому

    I wish my professor was like this, because I spent 30 minutes listening to him and couldn't quite understand and then I watched your video and in 5 minutes I could solveall of this easily. A very good video.

  • @NobertBayelle
    @NobertBayelle 11 років тому +3

    You must be the greatest teacher ever!

  • @jameswindolf5939
    @jameswindolf5939 6 років тому

    Dude, you have been helping me along since freshman year. I graduated JC with excellent grades and transferred to a very good university. Now you are helping me through university as well. I am so very appreciative. Thank you so much.

  • @allofdestiny
    @allofdestiny 8 років тому +31

    awesome video super helpful

  • @aiimmanadamm
    @aiimmanadamm Рік тому

    After 11 years, I still found this video super useful, thank you so much

  • @hollyxberry
    @hollyxberry 9 років тому +3

    I absolutely failed this in bio... Two/three years later I find this video and a light bulb went off. Thank you!

  • @SongMimisWorld
    @SongMimisWorld 3 роки тому

    Went back to college after dropping out years ago and my professors started throwing this at us with no explanation. All the younger kids got it but I didn't have any idea what they were talking about. This video made it crystal clear!

  • @anjalik.6570
    @anjalik.6570 8 років тому +5

    Thank you soooo much!! My teacher doesnt explain this too well, she goes SOO fast!! But you go slow and actually explain. Thank you omg...

  • @jaidymelendez5657
    @jaidymelendez5657 6 років тому

    I read the whole text book and didn’t find anything explaining this so I found you and OMG YOU SAVED ME AND MY GRADE. ForEVER THANK YOU

  • @biolearn8464
    @biolearn8464 10 років тому +111

    I wish there were real life professors such as Bozeman Science and patrickJMT teaching in Universities. All I get is inconsiderate, lazy, or non-english speaking ones in exchange for thousands of my dollars.

    • @jaferization
      @jaferization 10 років тому

      which university do you go to ? i go to University of houston and have great bio professors.

    • @biolearn8464
      @biolearn8464 9 років тому +3

      jafer bohra
      Temple University...great school just when it comes to sciences there are a lot of shitty professors who I always end up with. Will be using rate my professor from now on!

    • @supreetsingh987
      @supreetsingh987 6 років тому +1

      It's lucky we have awesome sources on the internet:)

  • @morganduvall9322
    @morganduvall9322 11 років тому +1

    Thanks a million! I learn 10 times as much watching your videos as i do in my freshman honors bio class! Thanks again and again and again!

  • @JowlsMcMutt
    @JowlsMcMutt 5 років тому +100

    2019 AP bio gang wya?

  • @KMcLellan
    @KMcLellan 5 місяців тому

    Thanks for this video! I had no idea how to do my homework but after watching this video 3 times in a row I was able to complete my homework and miraculously got full credit with a comment saying nice work.

  • @Mssamgirl15
    @Mssamgirl15 11 років тому +3

    Best video for my college education.

  • @marmillade
    @marmillade Рік тому

    I am 22 and struggled with this when I was in high school. Just now got it thanks to your teaching. Thank you so much bro I was crying.

  • @xXCtricSlayerXx
    @xXCtricSlayerXx 11 років тому +6

    so much better than my Biology teacher.

  • @kensanemthembu4018
    @kensanemthembu4018 8 років тому +1

    Thank you sooooo much your channel has literally been my saving grace throughout my entire science degree.

  • @bioseriesbypbest3983
    @bioseriesbypbest3983 6 років тому +4

    Thank you so much, students from Thailand.

  • @CR-uu1rr
    @CR-uu1rr Рік тому +1

    Am watching it know, means 11 years after. Thank you very much Sir. It's so clearly l and very helpful

  • @amirfarouqi8881
    @amirfarouqi8881 9 років тому +10

    Massive respect to you 👏🏻

  • @stillwithyou7916
    @stillwithyou7916 2 роки тому

    This helped me ten years after it was uploaded I’m so grateful

  • @WilesDS
    @WilesDS 10 років тому +35

    this guy is a fucking boss, MAD RESPECT.

  • @lyricstout9081
    @lyricstout9081 Рік тому

    I watched a couple other videos and was still confused and kind of resigned to the fact I wouldnt understand whatever code they were speaking in, you broke it down and ive finally understood it! thank you so much now im confident for my bio 2 exam

  • @LegendaryGarageYT
    @LegendaryGarageYT 11 років тому +44

    Thank you got an A on my lab quiz cause of you

  • @bellzinhamoreira
    @bellzinhamoreira 9 років тому

    Thank you! I'm from Brazil, I have a test tomorrow and you saved my life. ❤

  • @98Impossible
    @98Impossible 10 років тому +5

    Great teacher! I can always trust Bozeman Science to teach me science!

  • @leon02356
    @leon02356 Рік тому

    Taking my finals today, was having some troubles with the steps to take to find the frequency using just the percent so this was a HUGE help. Wish me luck!

  • @linaaldbaisi3020
    @linaaldbaisi3020 11 місяців тому +458

    2024 anyone?

  • @silveroflegends7635
    @silveroflegends7635 5 років тому +1

    you taught me so much more than my professor did in a whole lecture, thank you so much you saved me for my exam!

  • @godronexe
    @godronexe 4 роки тому +4

    i just took the 2020 practice AP bio test and holy fuck the hardy weinburg part single handedly made me run out of time

  • @54Jessica54
    @54Jessica54 4 роки тому +1

    I've been watching paul anderson since freshman year of high school, now im in college.. mans never misses

  • @lunchboxfaru
    @lunchboxfaru 9 років тому +3

    Great jobs!
    Thx from Germany!

  • @Timetonut
    @Timetonut 3 роки тому

    Lifesaver! Thanks for calming my seething brain, and helping me breathe deep and see through all the confusion.

  • @martibethsomers4362
    @martibethsomers4362 10 років тому +9

    how did you get .6 at 7:30

  • @nazahaizdihar3888
    @nazahaizdihar3888 Рік тому

    Thank you so much for this lesson. I studied this equation from a textbook and thought I had it figured out until I started struggling with applying the knowledge onto the problems. Your video helped a lot with that. Thanks again!

  • @emmaseig1460
    @emmaseig1460 4 роки тому +4

    dude the fact that your such a good teacher and i still don’t get it proves i’m an actual unreachable idiot

  • @devynnmortensen3576
    @devynnmortensen3576 9 років тому +1

    You explained this so well. I have a science test tomorrow and we have questions on this and I understand it perfectly now.

  • @lilyelizabeth1333
    @lilyelizabeth1333 9 років тому +4

    Good old Paul. Praise the lord.

  • @emilyklyce4854
    @emilyklyce4854 7 років тому

    I was struggling to memorize which matches up with which but you explained it perfectly. Now I understand so memorization isn't necessary. Thanks Mr. Andersen!

  • @randomvideos7377
    @randomvideos7377 6 років тому +6

    howd he get 7/10????? Plz answer quickly :(((

    • @randomvideos7377
      @randomvideos7377 6 років тому

      Supreet Singh ohhh yh thank u!!🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻

  • @parksoomin4638
    @parksoomin4638 9 років тому

    You are the most fantastic, effective and magical bio teacher i had ever met. Thanks so much!

  • @meeraramanujam3665
    @meeraramanujam3665 9 років тому +3

    Thank you so much ! It helps a lot :)

  • @amandaharding2970
    @amandaharding2970 7 років тому

    Thanks!!!! After many hours of reading and watching lectures, your video was SO helpful!

  • @reidloSdoG
    @reidloSdoG 10 років тому +20

    29 people either don't speak English, or are rival instructors.

  • @nonaamer
    @nonaamer 5 років тому

    I can't tell you how happy I am to find your video I was totally hopeless to get to understand this. Some how you made it simple. Thanks a lot

  • @John-bq1lp
    @John-bq1lp 5 років тому +3

    AP BIO tomorrow!!!

  • @ziggy4727
    @ziggy4727 Рік тому

    its always random dudes on youtube who have a video from years ago that teach better than my actual teachers. Thank you!

  • @pjduncan9764
    @pjduncan9764 5 років тому +4

    i have to come here because my biology teacher hates all of us and doesn’t teach us in class

  • @lamborghiniboy10
    @lamborghiniboy10 8 років тому

    Bozeman science AKA paul anderson the legend you have gotten me through my first year of college biology. Thank you so much you are doing a great service sir.

  • @armaansingh2505
    @armaansingh2505 2 роки тому +8

    Hello Fellow AP Bio students

    • @tony_dpa8379
      @tony_dpa8379 8 місяців тому

      I need this for hn bio 😢

  • @owenreischl2386
    @owenreischl2386 9 років тому

    Dude, I missed this in class so when I watched this it explained it a lot better than my teacher. Thank you so much for helping me get back on track!