Mihin vs Minne vs Missä 🤯 What's The Difference ● Learn Finnish Question Words #6
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- Опубліковано 28 тра 2024
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In this Finnish lesson I will discuss the difference between the question words "mihin" and "minne". Since in English they translate to "where" and "missä" also translates to where - I also explain the difference between the use of those question words!
⚠️ REMEMBER⚠️ Mihin / Minne are used as the question word for "where" when asking about the movement TOWARDS a location only. "missä" is used when asking about a static location. "mistä" is used when asking about the movement FROM a location.
It's a bit tricky so if you have any lingering questions do ask them in the comments! 🥰
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▫️ c h a p t e r s ▫️
0:00-0:16 Intro
0:17-2:02 AD italki
2:03-2:51 Mihin vs Minne
2:52-4:37 Examples
4:38-6:10 Recap, Clarification
6:11-8:30 Illatiivi
8:31-9:03 Mihin aikaan?
9:04-9:38 Outro
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Thank you for watching!
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For those who want to delve into grammar, minne is actually the sublative form of mikä. Finnish also has a number of so-called adverbial cases and the sublative is one of them. The difference between nominative cases and adverbial cases is that the latter are always used in adverbial contexts. The reality is that they sometimes overlap with nominative cases as in the case of mihin/minne.
In this case, the sublative, is usually the adverbial case equivalent of the illative which conveys the idea of movement towards. But since it's an adverbial case cannot be used in non adverbial context. So to give you some examples.
Minne/Mihin menet? Where do you go? - in this case where has an adverbial meaning so both sublative and illative work.
Mihin kaupunkiin menemme? Which city are we going to? - in this case to which can't be replaced with minne because to which is not an adverb.
The same thing happens when a verb requires illative case, where the meaning of the object is not locative, and we replace the object with a question word.
For instance:
Keskityn ajamiseen / I am focused on driving - here the verb keskittyä requires an object in the illative case which doesn't have locative meaning, when we replace the object with a question word we have to use mihin.
Mihin keskityt / What are you focused on?
Thanks for pointing out mihin is a conjugation of mikä. Finnish is such a lovely language with these (hidden) gems.
Interesting spelling of budget btw 😊
⚠RECAP⚠ Mihin / Minne are used as the question word for "where" when asking about the movement TOWARDS a location only. "missä" is used when asking about a static location. "mistä" is used when asking about the movement FROM a location.
This one is a very clear explanation! Kiitos!
Recently I started learning Finnish language and your videos are making it more easier.. I never thought of difference between Mihin and minne.. now i know.. 😊
thanks for such nice videos.. ❤
When I started studying my first foreign language (French--47 years ago), all the kids in my class frequently made the comment, "Gee--when you study a foreign language, you end up learning more about English than you do about the language you're studying!" This is true because no one knows their native language as well as they think they do. They are all able to speak it fluently of course, but their ability to consciously analyze it is nowhere near as good as what they think it is. The ability to analyze one's own language is necessary (at least when one learns foreign languages as an adult rather than as a child) in foreign language study so that one can compare one's own language's structures to the structures of the foreign language being learned.
That being said, another problem is that English has undergone a lot of changes in the last few centuries that make grammatical relations a lot less clear to the untrained observer than they were just a mere 300 or 400 years ago. But even then, if one is receiving a decent education in English literature, he should encounter these forms in his reading. Therefore, just a little consultation between the English literature teacher, the English grammar teacher, and the foreign language teacher could hammer out some instruction in each of their classes so that these things could work together to make learning easier by causing a bit of interaction between the three disciplines. Sadly, teachers in modern-day America adamantly refuse to do this.
Thus, I'm going to do it for you in this case. To begin simply:
Missä = Where.
Mistä = Whence.
Mihin = Whither.
Minne = Whither.
So if you're asking what the heck "whence" and "whither" mean in English, let me enlighten you. "Whither" means "where to" or "to where." "Whence" means "where from" or "from where." Neither of these words exist in modern English, but if you've ever read anything in early modern English (such as the Authorised King James version of the Bible or the works of William Shakespeare), you should have encountered these words. Knowing what they mean and how they're used is very useful for the foreign language student because many languages make this distinction.
All the Finnish words above are derived from the word "mikä," which means "what." "Mikä" is a pronoun. "Mikä" is the nominative singular form of this pronoun (and hence, it is the dictionary citation form of the word). "Missä" is in the inessive case. "Mistä" is in the elative case. "Mihin" is in the illative case. Please notice that all these words are pronouns in Finnish, whereas their English counterparts are adverbs. This fact demonstrates one of the deep but subtle divides between the Uralic languages and the Indo-European languages. (It's this sort of thing that drives me to study Finnish--because I'm a linguistics nerd.)
The word "minne" is not a pronoun. Its ancestor word was a pronoun a long time ago, back before the Proto-Finno-Ugric language broke up into Finnish and a bunch of other languages. It too was a case form of the ancestor word for "mikä," but it was in the sublative case. Since Finnish lost the sublative case at some point in its history, the word "minne" was re-analyzed as an adverb.
By the way, although English "where," "whence," and "whither" are adverbs, they derive from ancestor words in Proto-Indo-European which would have expected the answers to the questions they posed to be in grammatical cases which English has lost in its journey from the Ursprache. "Where" would have gotten as its answer a noun in the locative case. "Whence" would have gotten as its answer a noun in the ablative case. "Whither" would have gotten as its answer a noun in the accusative case.
Wow, I don't know what to say!
Thanks! Now I get it, since minne/tänne/tuonne/sinne are adverbs for when there is movement towards somewhere, I guess they cannot be considered as inflected forms of the illative case. Therefore they cannot be used in all illative rections.
In my opinion as a Finnish speaker:
mihin = where (in)to (exactly)
minne = where to (generally)
But in practice, maybe about 90% of the time, the difference doesn't actually matter. Especially in spoken language.
Also, the interrogative minne corresponds to the adverbs tänne, tuonne and sinne.
I am requesting a video about the translative case! Thanks
It does get a bit confusing but thank you for explaining it!
Kat!!! I understood because you explained Finnish well. You're the best.👍 Always be healthy, and I always support you.❤️
Moi! ate the end of the video: why "mihin aikaan?" why not "mitä aikaan?". Kiitos!
Thanks for your videos Kath it helped me alot❤❤❤.You made everything so easy to understand. Love lots,Marjorie,A Filipino working in Saudi .:):)
You are teaching us good finnish. Kiitos paljon opettaja Kat❤
Kiitos paljon!
kiitos paljon.
Kiitos
kiitos 💙 very useful videos. I appreciate it a lot
kiitos videosta!
Aha! So, if Sidney goes (towards) here, I ask "minne Sidney menee?", but if Sidney jumps into the creek, I should ask "mihin Sidney hyppää?"
Exactly! That’s right :)
I very much appreciate the example sentence for word törmäta. My little brother crashed into the fence yesterday while learning how to bike (nothing serious, it was funny even for him😁). I will confront him with "Sinä törmäsit aitaan." By the way, I always wondered: can you "mix" kirjakieli with puhekieli? Like.. mostly puhekieli with bits of kirjakieli here and there (in the same dialogue/text)? Or would it be very odd? Kiitos paljon Kat 🤩
You can mix it! Super kirjakieli + slang together is a bit weird, but it's common even when trying to speak a bit more proper to shorten some words here and there, even in more informal emails/messages.
Please please I cannot find a single video on VN ending. Would you kindly do a video on that?
Illatiivi form or what do you mean?
Very good video. I did not know the difference between mihin and minne.
I usually use mihin, because I do not speak puhekieli. 😣
0:43 Everytime gets me
0:55 Me talking to my imaginary Finnish Friend
Mihin menet tänään?" (Where are you going today?)
"Minne menit eilen?" (Where did you go yesterday?)
"Mistä tulit?" (Where did you come from?)
We have the same Finnish friend then xD 0:55
Basically always use mihin for illatiivi until hearing a finn using a verb with minne, only then would be good to use minne with that specific verb. I suppose you also cannot use minne with a verb like rakastua (to fall in love with) e.g. "mihin maahan rakastuit?". So the list of illatiivi verbs that don't use minne may be big haha. I guess that also applies for tähän/tänne, tuohon/tonne, siihen/siinne
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As an italki ambassador, use my code “KATCHATS” to get 5€ off when booking a lesson that costs at least 10€. Only valid for the first 50 users!
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Mielestäni jako kirjakieliseen ja puhekieliseen muotoon ei ole kovin adekvaatti. Tuolla kommenteissa tuodaan ilmi, että minne on kysymyssanan mikä taipunut muoto on uskottavampi selostus. Esimerkki ”Mihin kaupunkiin olet menossa?” on myös oiva esimerkki sanojen käyttöeroista. Toisaalta tuntuu, että suomen opintojen alkuvaiheessa tämä kielemme ”erikoisuus” ei liene ensiarvoisen tärkeä. Mutta on hienoa, että pystyt selkeästi opettamaan kieltämme sitä opiskeleville ulkomaalaisille.
Why is it used then as Mihin aikaan lopetat työsi?😅
I know you probably get a 1000 of these a day. But I am wondering if you might be able to point me to where I need to go to find in person Finnish lessons. I live in Loviisa and so far I can't find a place to go anywhere. I'm starting to think they only have them for people who go through the government. I came here and got married super quick and so I don't have to integrate like most others. Help!!!
Nice thank you.
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liian vaikea oppia
: )