How the Romans Armed 400,000 Soldiers
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- Опубліковано 15 тра 2024
- Ancient Rome's Military-Industrial Complex
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Chapters:
0:00 Introduction
0:35 Legionary arms
1:03 Auxiliary arms
1:42 Auxiliary cavalry
2:12 Buying and selling arms
2:56 Customizing arms
3:35 War Thunder
4:33 Weapon manufacture
5:01 Civilian contractors
5:37 Camp workshops
6:16 Military craftsmen
6:40 Arms factories
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I know you gotta pay bills but surely you could find a better sponsor than a russian video game
@@dziban303how long ago did you replace the Ukraine flag with the Gaza flag in your twitter bio?
Toldinstone would you consider being sponsored by the ancient warfare magazine that matches the content of your videos, in stead of by some game that a lot of people didnt come here for.
speaking of war thunder, any instances of Roman Intelligence being leaked, to the advantage of an enemy
@@nameunavailable1330 😆 For real, the makers of War Thunder are totally responsible for the behavior of their government.
Fascinating to think about the logistics to support such large armies back then
True ancient military industrial complex
Poop and blood
Not much different from these days
Same game, new platform.
"That helmet, was not yours to lose, it is the property of this Romanum Legionum, it belonged to every Militaris. Cause of your failure to secure that helmet, you have jeopardized every Militaris, serving today."
-Centurion Sixta, allegedly
10/10 GK
reads like it's straight out of 40k lmao
@ericknorskr8568 where do you think 40k draws...let's say "a tad" of inspiration?
I wonder what Roman versions of Raytheon, Koch and such were like.
Romanthon
@@Michael-yu2yk lol
Optimus Maris
Heclorus et Coccus
Lathemius Martinus
3:18 Oh my god, even the Romans had a bro vet industrial complex.
I actually think that the Lorica segmentata is one of, if not the biggest logistical flex of all time.
Remember that this was, comparatively speaking, in the toddler phase of iron metallurgy, with the only available method of smelting being bloomery.
This makes it really, really difficult to make large ingots of a consistent quality, both in terms of carbon content and slag inclusions. The only real way to obtain such metal is through a lengthy and labour intensive process of forge-welding the material over and over again, which also means you lose a lot of material in the process.
In my opinion this is the reason why we essentially only see large iron plate armour on the romans, and nobody else, until the middle ages.
It was simply too costly to produce metal of a quality you could make armour out of in the quantities you needed to do so. If you made metal good enough, you made it into weapons instead.
This is also why mail was so popular, because you only needed a small ingot of consistent quality to make several rings,and you could get such small ingots directly from the bloomery. You could also make a shirt of rings of different quality and still get a decent product.
And of course, this is also why things that really need to be solid plates, such as helmets, greaves and vambraces, kept being made of bronze long, loooong into the iron age.
And why even viking era helmets were made from smaller plates riveted together, rather than drawn from a single piece.
So going to the effort of making plate armour for like a hundred thousand men or more, that's an absolutely mind-blowing level of industrial flex.
and the hamata still did its job and was almost as good in its function
@@tofuteh2348 true. I'm pretty sure the segmentata is actually quite a significant step up in protection, especially around the shoulders. But at the same time, that level of protection is less important due to the use of such big shields, so for all practical purposes I agree, the hamata was more than sufficient in terms of protection.
Which is why it's such a massive flex. They didn't really NEED to carry all those extra expenses for any practical reason, but did it anyway just because they could chase that little extra edge.
@@gustavchambert7072 another disadvantage would be that if your camp or outpost was under attack or ambushed, the segmentata would take considerably longer to wear even with help. It would also suck if you lost one of the components, nobody has any spares, the merchants accompanying the legion would charge you a fortune for it and the legate announced you're marching for Parthia tomorrow.
With all that being said if I had the money id LOVE to get my hands on one
Them roman were huge liberal woke recyclers. They hated waste, except life which was very expendable.
@@gustavchambert7072 Do you think it's a fair argument to say that segmentata production was detrimental to the overall strength of the Romans, given that hamata was nearly as good and much more resource/labor efficient? What if all resources put towards the segmentata instead armoured more cavalry units, or made more nails for ballistae, or reinforced the edges of shields, etc.
Or perhaps Rome had such a surplus of skilled craftsmen that it actually became more time efficient to manufacture plates instead of thousands of chain links, and resource/financial burden was secondary to production speed?
It still blows my mind that their mounted Auxilia did not use stirrups. Their engineering and logistics are inspiring to this day.
you can ride hard and fast without a stirrup, they are not important. where it really counts is that its hard to ride for several days without them, you destroy your body.
No one reallly used stirrups until AD 3-400 ca
The fourn horned saddle helped stabilize the rider anyway
@@toddberkely6791 Have you ridden hard and fast without stirrups? It's not as unimportant as you may think. I've been a rider for the last 20 years and between stirrups and no stirrups, I'll take the stirrups thanks. It helps you maintain your body's balance in the saddle and supports your legs. Having leg support helps you minimize being saddlesore and allows you to ride even further and longer than without. Being a horsewoman myself, I am in total awe of the cavalry of that era for being able to do the things they did without some of the equipment we take for granted today.
@@SockAccount111 Yeah, the four horned saddle was a very good stabilizer but it didn't do squat to support a rider's legs. That's where a lot of pain occurred...unsupported legs over long distances.
You dont need a BIPOD to shoot a machine gun but you wont be as accurate. Stirrups and horsemen are like Bipods and machine guns.
If I get the names right, before the empire, Roman noblemen occasionally sneakily invested in weapons production (because a senator was not supposed to be in trade) such as Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius and his friends invested in arms. Unfortunately later his Samnite friend co-opted those same armories for the rebellion against Rome.
4:34 Jesus, imagine going up against a barbarian hoard the size of that. The discipline must’ve been insane to be able to withstand so many enemies
That looks like Mons Graupus. Their size is impressive, but their tactics were basic. They would simply charge at you. Romans anticipated that and would softened them up with arrows and pilum. Then continually rotate the soldiers at the frontline during the melee to keep them from getting exhausted.
*horde
I know, the Picts were very brave to stand up to the horrid r*mans and their trained g*rmanic gibbons
Uh no, actually 🤓, they killed Jesus
@@erniegutierrez2288 also roman army trained mostly for endurance, not brutal strenght of assault, so once the first main assault was successfully absorbed, they almost always get the upper hand in the long term.
Regarding the market for arms and armor, how common was it for fallen combatants (friend and foe alike) to be stripped of anything useful to be resold by legionaries or for their personal use? Were legionaries inspected by their officers to ensure they all had standardized and compatible equipment? Merry Christmas Garrett.
You’d think so: they were comparatively rare commodities so they’d be sold or worn as needed
If there is one thing you bet on in pre industrial societies is that everything that can be reused will be reused . Throwing stuff away is a luxury reserved only to the richest of the richest.
@@m.s.79 Considering that there are literal hills of pottery shards in Rome, I think it's safe to say that people were as willing as today to throw away things (aka, pots) if they were cheap. Note also the million nails deliberately left behind by the Romans in Scotland mentioned in the video. Not to mention endless votive offerings, which by definition is getting rid of something that could otherwise be reused. Stripping a defeated enemy of their armour is one thing. Doing it to your comrades rather than burying/burning it with them? I wouldn't be so quick to assert that it was ubiquitous.
Reusing gear is common for like... all of war. It's still being done today in Ukraine and Gaza, and has be done in history. Most notably during Cannae, the Carthaginians were using captured Roman Equipment scavenged from the roman dead from previous battles it caused the Romans to panic.
I have to recommend Ancient Warfare Magazine podcast, they've discussed this many times. There wasn't an exact standardised equipment, often it was passed down - so some would have the most recent design, some might have an older, slightly different design.
Customization of equipment unlocked at legionary level 3
7:33 Quality standards for the emporer would have been higher than for the average grunt.
Good day Toldinstone. I reccently got your book Naked Statues, Fat Gladiators, and War Elephants for my Christmas and it is a great read for someone not usually a reader of books though if I may say one problem.
As I read, I cannot help notice but the inner voice I read in is yours and I cannot turn off this function to the point it feels like I am watching a video. This is not a problem and find great joy in it. I just wanted you to know.
Loving the book and will be purchacing insane emperors once done with this book.
Delighted to hear it!
The Senate should subsidize Javelin Corp for the security of the Empire.
Nothing new under the sun eh?
Toldinus Astonius was a legendary gladiator who fell to a lion in 65bc
🤔😆
🤔🤭🌚😄😂🤣
Missed a perfect chance to say 69BBC
I couldn't imagine having any swords swung at me. Armor or not.
Yeah, and in anger with a purpose lol
@@Frank-os6gq To be honest, I find it easier to imagine someone swinging a sword at me with anger and purpose than for any other reason...
Ben her hafta en az bir kere hayal ederim
Pus
I would take bullets any day over getting cut down with sharp bits. Getting killed by the sword is literal nightmare fuel for me.
0:30 That's slightly dubious. It seems increasingly likely that most infantry auxilia was equipped and used in much the same way as legionaries. It's probably true that most light infantry was auxilia, but we shouldn't deduce from that that most auxilia was light infantry. Without specifying the period, I don't think it's strictly true that segmentata was more common than hamata during and either side of the 2nd Century AD, over the whole of Roman history hamata was undoubtably more common.
Yes, I am a pedant, and no I don't get invited to a lot of parties :p
Pedantry is always welcome in this channel's comment section!
I am so happy someone finally covered this in detail. I have been looking for an answer for this for too long.
Another excellent video examining one of the less glorious aspects of maintaining Rome's army.
400 thousand soldiers?! I didn't know the Roman army was so massive. This video completely blew my mind with the logistics and details of their equipment. That gladius sword looked brutal!⚔
Such a fascinating video. I hadn't really thought about how the Roman army was armed before, but it makes sense though.
Thank you, Dr. Ryan. You're always informative and entertaining.
This one was particularly interesting. Well done and thank you, Mr. Ryan
"i support this imperator" 🤓
"i support that imperator" 🤓
i support gaius and aulus sword shop 🗿
I asked for this a while back, much appreciated!
recently did a little research into this and specifically the logistics of roman iron/"steel"-making for an archaeology class. was fun (and confusing af, because i do not understand chemistry)
Great as always!
Could you make a video about *Carthage* ?
Excellent work !
I would be intersted in seeing how the weapons were actually made. Such as the short sword etc.
Thank you…again. Wonderful and informative video. When I think about all the trouble we have arming our troops as well as that of other countries, the support for the Roman military and the ability to create and move around stuff is awesome inspiring. How it was used, of course, is a very different story.
Keep up the awesome work, Garrett 👍
That's Dr. Garrett to you, pleb.
A fascinating topic and one which I never really thought about until I watched this video.
best topic yet
What a fascinating topic! It’s the kind of thing you never think about…where did this materiel come from?
i am first to a toldinstone video! i will think of this day on my deathbed
Yet Garrett beat you to it by 6 hours. 😅
@@Matisto1 damn. when i saw it on the main page it said it had been posted a minute ago! now the only thing i'll think of will be my comments on ig that were pinned.
Hype is definitely your forte!
Hold up on the Christmas shopping babe. New toldinstone just dropped.
Hello from Scotland
It’s pronounced ‘Inch-tuth-ill’ not ‘Inch-two-till’
omg omg omg , the thumbnail.. this video should blow up. loved it
This is so fascinating
I was just thinking about this!
Thanks so much Dr. Ryan. I was wondering, the Antikythera mechanism, named after the Greek island off the coast of which it was discovered, has been described as a Greek 'computer' capable of tracking the sun, the moon, and the planets with considerable accuracy. Is this as a remarkable scientific achievement for its time as it seems to me? Do we know of any comparable mechanical achievements from Greek or Roman history? For instance, did Greek or Roman buildings have locks on them?
Primitive locks, yes. There were also pegged wheels used as simple gears in water mills and the like. But the complexity and intricacy of the Antikythera mechanism is unique and nothing even comes close. As an aside, calling it a computer can be misleading because computer means so many different things: I prefer to think of it as a complex and miniaturised astrolabe.
_"Do we know of any comparable mechanical achievements from Greek"_
There were written accounts from ancient Greece of other such mechanisms that performed the same sorts of functions. In courts of kings and other wealthy individuals they were novelties used to demonstrate and instruct. They were almost certainly not used as navigational aids, as experienced merchant captains would not need them.
@@QuantumHistorian _"the complexity and intricacy of the Antikythera mechanism is unique"_
Unique as a find, but not as an item back in its day.
_"I prefer to think of it as a complex and miniaturised astrolabe."_
It was basically useless as a navigation aid.
@@QuantumHistorian The Antikythera mechanism was not for navigation. That is the "it" we were both referring to.
@@QuantumHistorian _"astrolabe's aren't for navigation either"_
Incorrect. They were definitely used for navigation, just as they were definitely used for a variety of other purposes. They were quite the versatile tool, back in their day.
But unlike an astrolabe, the Antikythera mechanism cannot determine latitude, which makes it, as I said, quite useless as a navigation aid.
Great video.
Reminds me of the Battle of the Pelennor Fields
The Pillum was too ruin shield walls not punch through amour.
It went through and bent. The shaft is heavy you can't pull it out ruining your ability to use your shield
The Roman warring man is always shown to be big and stout. Do we know the average height and weight of them?
5 foot 6/7 probably, that was the male average in the Italian peninsula back then
specific weight and built largely depend on the bodytype (ectomorph mesomorph etc) but given their training and marching regime overall hardy and resistent
There were height requirements to join the legions, but the average soldier probably wasn't significantly larger than the average civilian. You might want to check out my video on whether the barbarians were really taller than the Romans.
@@SockAccount111 Ectomorph mesomorph isn't a scientific categorization
@@MaRaX93 the more people talk about scientific X or Y, the less it is likely those people understand what science actually is, and they mistake tabloids' headlines for le soyence(tm)
@@SockAccount111 Somatotypes are pseudoscience
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatotype_and_constitutional_psychology
A video on corruption would be interesting!
Is there a book you recommend on logistics in the Roman Empire?
I would love to see toldinstone have a guest appearance by dr. Brett Devereaux on this topic!!!
Interesting. It could be interesting to link RMIC to the global industrial complex Rome created all around Europe.
fun video
Are we certain the pole weapons were ash and hazel?
Oak and ash and thorn
I don't know about hazel because my experience with hazel would be with bushes and shrubs but I do know that most species of ash are fast growers and relatively hard but flexible wood. That's why most wood baseball bats are ash. Oak is great but tends to be brittle in some circumstances and is better left to applications where a lot of rigidity is needed.
The auxilia often fought as heavy infantry, too. In fact, some were considered superior to legionaires in that role, such as the Batavians.
Julius Caesar was assassinated because he tried to control the military industrial complex. 😂
What books are in your library?
The stereotype that Roman legions wore lorica segmentata and auxillary wore mail has been debunked with more and more evidence. There is evidence showing that auxillary bases were equipped with segmentata, while some legions did not wear the segmentata at all and wore chainmail and scale instead. The Tropaeum Traiani monument depicts virtually all legionaires as wearing chainmail and scale and do not depict the legionaires as wearing segmentata. Elite Roman troops like heavy cavalry are rarely or almost never seen wearing the segmented armors. Only Trajan's Column monument (which is considered an unreliable propaganda piece) depicts legions are wearing segmentata and auxillary as wearing mail, but that column has additional issues such as portraying the legions with undersized rectangular shields (scutums) or even small oval-ish shields.
>Trajan's column is not reliable but the tropaeum Traiani is because...because... BECAUSE THEY JUST ARE OK?
God I hate this meme
@@SockAccount111 There are a lot of reasons why the Tropaeum Traiani is considered more historically accurate by historians and arrcheologists. The Tropaeum Traiani was built near the battlefield in Dacia itself while Trajan's Column was built thousands of miles away. The Tropaeum Traiani was built closer to the timeperiod of the Dacian conquests. The creators of the Tropaeum Traiani were local sculptors who likely had first hand account of the battle or had more accurate sources. The Tropaeum Traiani also protrays both the Romans and Dacians arms and armor more accurately. Archeological evidence also supports the Tropaeum Traiani and shows that there isn't a segregation of armor between legionaires and auxillary - segmented armor is found in exclusive auxillary bases and legions continued to wear chainmail and scale.
@@Intranetusa And they are nonsensical "just so" stories from top to bottom, predicated on the utterly baseless assumption that artists operating in Rome & whereabouts either had never seen a legionary or had, but somehow had a vested interest in representing them wrongly to abide to some warped modern concept of "propaganda", which did exist back then but operated on a much different basis than "let's make them all dressed the same even though they aren't, for no reason because YOLO".
I could just as easily make up another "just so" story about why the Tropaeum Traiani is actually the least accurate representation of the two, that as the work is generally more shoddily made than in the column this means the tropaeum was just made more hastily & with less regards to rigour and accuracy over its purely celebratory value, and that as due to its worn-down conditions & frequent restaurations (e.g. many of the metopae had to be replaced overtime) what we see may not even be 100% accurate to the original model, and it would be a "just so" story as believable as yours.
"arms and armor more accurately"
That is redundant in the case of Romans as you state that point which you seek to prove (i.e. the tropaeum being more accurate) as a justification for the point itself i.e. textbook circular reasoning, and just plain false in the case of Dacians as there is no significant difference in those terms with the Dacians Trajan's column.
Bottom line, it's an old, tiring meme & an opinion masquerading as fact, as worth as any other opinion.
No ancient source anywhere ever said that the Roman's had a 400,000 man army
Depends on the period, during the second Punic war they exceeded that number.
Where is that one million nails now? Are they on desplay somewhere?
Did the Romans and Greeks suffer from PTSD? I hear, for example, the ancient Greeks were not peace loving, and peace was just an interruption in constant warring. Then the Romans with their endless conquests. Did the soldiers not suffer PTSD? It's one thing for modern soldiers to suffer from shooting/bombing the enemy and see their friends get cut down or blown up, but the ancients had to get up close and personal and literally hack the enemy to death. Seems it would be worse, yet the psychological fallout didn't seem to keep them from continuing their warring ways.
Soldiers usually fought in a small number of major battles, compared to modern times when you’re in a constant state of combat readiness and intermittent fighting
A few soldiers were recorded as having developed symptoms of PTSD in virtually any era (Assyrian soldiers who saw the ghosts of slain foes, Athenian hoplites who went blind, Roman legionaries with fits of rage, Medieval knights who cried when they heard metal pans clashing against each other, but overall though ancient historiography did not pay as much attention to it for us to draw a complete picture with thousands of catalogued & well-described cases
Also, while ancient battles were much more brutal than modern ones overall, ancient people would have been probably more used to all sorts of psychological and emotional toiling, a medieval conscript who saw half of siblings pass away before the age of 5 and had to dispose of animals on his farm would be far more psychologically hardened than a modern man who spent his childhood playing videogames, maybe just his grandpa passed away and all of a sudden finds himself in a battlefield, the reality of which no amount of training can fully prepare you for
@@SockAccount111 Ah, makes sense. Thank you.
Armored as heavily as a Norman knight maybe
Where do you cite your sources?
I know it would be bad for the algorithm but iy would be intresting to see the topic of how normalised 'self termination' really was in Roman society.
How was the lorica segmentata any more prone to rust than a chainmail shirt?
The Shields of the Romans probably could not last more than a few battles... so the armor is very important...
Did they have defense contractors who delivered swords and then got lucrative contracts to replace hilts, rivets and sheaths and train allies in their use?
More like pre-industrial military comlex
suggestion for you, discuss Troy
IVE BEEN LOOKING FOR ANSWERS TO THIS FOR YEEEARS!!!
No mention of Plumbata?
and at 5:34 the dude in the painting at the bottom left corner, that looks like he is being stabbed in the butt by the guy on the white horse....he has the fanciest boots/socks that I have ever seen! lol
Information like this is more important than wars and leaders, most history buffs don't get that. Not enough information here though.
At least they had no obnoxious War Thunder adds back then!
never had 400,000.men but around 15 legions plus aucxiliaries
This brings up a question I've long had. Did the Romans use mined coal? You mention coal but they were sitting on the largest and best coal deposits in the world - Britain - and didn't seem to see the value in it.
Interesting and thanks. I would guess that a lot of tax revenue went to purchase all that stuff. In a way then, the Roman solders might be fairly rich, by a given particular local standard.
Dr has v cool voice.
Okay, so question.
How is it that Rome figured out the Scorpio, something my brain can’t not look at as a giant crossbow, but never figured out smaller torsion based weapons?
Like, why did Rome not invent the cross bow?
They did have hand held crossbows called arcuballista (the romans)
Greeks had the gastraphetes since the third or forth century BC.
They had small handheld scorpios, they found one such at Xanten
Likewise, the torsion based ballista was just an improvement of the tension based oxybeles, the oxybeles itself being just an upscaled gastraphetes which was, essentially, a crossbow
It's just that both the Greeks who invented it and the Romans who adopted it never saw much use for crossbows
The scorpion and ballista are fundamentally different from a crossbow. A crossbow (like any bow) stores energy in the bending of the bow itself. Scorpions and the like store energy in the twisting of the ropes at the head of the machine, the bits that look like bow aren't bending and aren't providing power. They're just there to provide mechanical advantage by turning a small angular turn into a large sweep.
I'd assume they didn't catch on because they mostly went up against lightly armored opponents, so the speed of a bow is more useful than the power of a crossbow
Dear Dr. Ryan,
There is a famous idea that the Romans would name their children after numbers.
Even Rafael the Metatron makes this claim.
If there indeed was a numerical naming convention;
Why then do I hear about the famous politicians:
Quadratus (#4), Quintus(#5), Sextus (#6), Septimus (#7), and Octavius (#8).
But never do I hear of a famous leader called Optimus Prime?
*AOE2 Blacksmith shop noises*
It’s crazy to think in Medieval times in Europe, armies where way smaller than in Roman times.
WHAT I TYPICAL MISS: 1. THE ARMOUR OF THE FIRST AND SECOND CENTURY IS ALWAYS PRESENTED AS TYPICAL ROMAN, BUT IN THE 3/4TH CENTURY IT WAS CLEARLY IMPROVED TO THE HAUBARK WITH SCALES AND MAIL UNDER IT (UNDER INFLUENCE OF PERSIANS). 2. THE ROMAN EMPIRE WAS RULED BY OLIGARCHIC SENATORS, WITH THEIR INTEREST UNITED WHITH THE FASCIST GOALS OF THE STATE. THE REFORMATION BY EMPEROR DIOCLETIAN MEANT THE FORMATION OF A PURE FASCIST AND SOCIALIST STATE (ORGANIZING FOOD AND ARMS SUPPLY BY STATE FARMS, FACTORIES, MERCHANTS) 3. WITH ADAPTING CHRISTIANITY THE ROMAN EMPIRE WAS CONTROLED BY A CHRISTIAN-SOCIALIST STATE.
Babe! Toldinstone just dropped!
I bet they outsource their weapon production to gaul.
I want to make a sweet bow.
Like when the Japanese bow to each other in greeting?
Nope, the front part of a ship.@@whiteknightcat
Makes you wonder why smith is the most common English name
I was just talking with my partner about how strangely aesthetically different the Roman weapons in Gladiator were from every other movie and show about Rome. And here you are, with this video, just hours later. 🧿🧿🧿
All the ads are ridiculous.
How many tons of iron ,steel copper and brass did they have to mill? Don't even count all the sandals and hob nails for boots.
Metal gear!?
It's like America took a page out of Rome.
8:06 / 8:38
So much in this is inaccurate but that’s ok it’s entertaining
Real question is, how did ancient China make armour and weapons for 10 million soldiers in less than a year
They didn't, Chinese historians make so many things up they make Herotodos look measured, at least he admitted his numbers may have been wrong
@@SockAccount111
Which is ironic because the sources I read this from are western studies of ancient Chinese texts specifically those related to the industrialisation of 300BC and again in 900 to 1100AD
@@SMGJohn Sorry to inform you but western "studies" tend to apply 0 critical thinking whatsoever when it comes to ancient China & tend to accept the absurd numbers purported by ancient Chinese historians at face value. If the same scrutiny that was applied by academics to Herodotos was applied to historians from the warring states period that cite battles involving hundreds of thousands of soldiers for each side, those numbers would be reassested to a few tens of thousands at best. The fact that there often is not even a slight criticism of the absurd numbers such as the microscopic Han state (not empire) deploying a field army of 400-600K should ring a bell in anyone with even a shred of common sense.
I wish you would label AI art to make it easily distinguishable. Nothing wrong with using it I just want to know what's real
he needs to stop using in general
@@grumbogee1772 yea id prefer he didnt but its understandable hes a solo team and some stuff doesnt have good reference pictures
I didn't use any AI illustrations in this video
@@toldinstone ah my mistake I didnt mean any hate cant tell these days everyone is using them love your content
We need to reinstitute those old quality control punishments. Tired of getting junk from china that always breaks.
Who is "we" and what weapons do "we" use that are made in China?
@@whiteknightcat who said anything about weapons? Just everyday items, tools, appliances, etc.
@@baddudecornpop7328 Given the topic of the video, the presumption of weapons in the comment was reasonable.
The Romans had wooden and stone gears for "ancient factories"?
Of course it's in the British museum
Bump
Warthunder ad not bad movin up in the world. Its a fairly decent game a few hundred hours
Algorithm
Let me guss before I watch. He only convers the principate era and ignores the rest of roman history.
:)