How to make a Solenoid with commercial quality from scratch! Mini size!
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- Опубліковано 21 кві 2017
- Build this mini-sized Solenoid from scratch using a nail, wire, a wood dowel, and some sheet metal.
Many people that build solenoids make the mistake of leaving them "open", without a metal frame. This makes them weak! You have to focus the magnetic energy into the center of the coil as much as possible.
Along with putting a metal frame around the solenoid, you also want a metal "stop" inside the non-working side of the solenoid, this will act like an additional magnet, further increasing the pull force on the plunger.
This coils specs:
34AWG magnet wire recovered from a small electric motor
@490ish turns
6V powered in this demonstration
9.5 ohms
using a small metal nail with sharp end cut off as plunger
Force of pull with full metal frame: About .150lbs at max plunger depth.
Duty cycle must be kept pretty low since this solenoid is only 9.5ohms, thus draws quite a bit of current at 6V - 34AWG wire gets hot at that current draw. As the coil gets hot, the solenoid will get weaker - Навчання та стиль
FINALLY Someone who make a video with:
- useful notes about calculations and power consumption
- tests
- hints for improvement
- and all the information in the description as well
..but not least without the irritating background music!
So just take the credits, simple and perfect example of a tutorial
I've been a machinist for 15 years and what you did with that vice with the upside down drill blew me away...hats off to you sir
Thanks but i cant take credit , i saw this method in another video a while ago. I should refilm this since it came out blurry though :). Cheers!
Why did it blow you away? it drilled off center.
@@TheRattleSnake3145 yes it went off center for me. However, it tracked straight. The off center was error on my part. The main key is that the hole was straight and didn't wander out of the part
I had previous ones that had went exactly on center, just bad luck on this one lol. Like I said I should refilm that part
Vice must positioned at last or you cant find the center mostly.
@@TheRattleSnake3145 because using a drill press as a lathe is kick ass, thats why.
Upvote for the drill press tip alone. Great video.
Agreed...
wow does it work as well as it looks.
Why? It still drilled off center.
@@TheRattleSnake3145 Yeah, he drilled off center, but the idea is the material you are drilling into is being pressed in by the vice, so you get an ellipse, or the bit can bind,, or whatever. The vice makes what's in it to want to collapse the hole you are drilling. Also, if the material you are using is somewhat soft, the vice will squish it too.
About 100 different ideas in one here. Subbed no hesitation at all.
Beautiful work! Thanks.
Hats off for the self centring Ninja technique!!!
Lol, came over to your Channel from LinusTechTipps (where they compared 6 gaming rigs) at random bc i liked your channels name.
And i just realized i already put a like at your video at some point in the past, bc i'm really into solenoid.
Thanks again for the video.
Great Video! appreciate it!
When I saw the first screen of the video, I knew it was a commercial Solenoid. Compared to Voice Coil Actuator, Solenoid is difficult to make with DIY, so I haven't tried it yet, but after watching this video, I want to try it with a cylindrical small solenoid. thank you.
Nice work !!!!
great job, great video, thank you!!
great video !
Very helpful thanks
You are awesome!!!
Mans really turned his drill press into a lathe
What was the od of the dowel? I know it's a rough calculation of turns, but it's actually less wire since the ID is wood, right? Thanks for the help.
GOOD JOB !!! :)
Does the ferromagnetic casing have to be rectangular or is it better if it's a tube around the coil?
I don't think it makes a difference the magnetic flux lines will still "complete their circuit" in any of them so it should be the same, I suspect very little difference based on shape
@@researchandbuild1751 Thanks! Followup question, why do so many solenoids lack two sides on their casing? Clearly I don't understand the magnetism involved because it seems to me like the magnetism would spill out or something
If you were to put a spring in the back would it go back up?
Amazin video!!! I was looking for some like this in order to build my own linear solenoids for a hobby project I'm working on, a v12 solenoid-powered motor. Solenoids would play as the cylinders and the plunger as the piston. If I'm succesfull in getting enough torque I'll use it for a model RC car!!!
I'll be doing my own tests based on your video but wanted to ask some questions first so I ensure a stronger pull/push:
1) will using a full metal frame covering all sides of the coil make it stronger? Thinking in something like standard easy-to-get ferrous tubes, or maybe build it myself folding a metal frame around the actual coil or any other piece of rounded piece.
2) how about a full metal frame but just rectangular? Same like you made but with all the 4 sides covered
3) does the metal frame gauge makes any difference in strength?
4) does adding external magnets to the metal frame will help gaining strenght?
5) does the air gap/distance in between the coil and the frame make any difference in strenght?
6) does the air gap/distance in between the coil and the plunger make any difference in strength? Of course I will keep it as tight as possible in order to improve/ensure the linear motion.
7) I know I can invert the battery polarity in order to make it push intead of pull, but how can I increase strength by adding a magnet at the "closed" side of the coil in such case?
Thanks for making such an awesome demostration video and hope you can answer some of these questions!
Kind regards from Argentina!
Nico
Hi, here are my answers to your questions:
1. I believe there are tubular solenoids as well but they would be more difficult to construct in my opinion
2. You don't need a full frame, just any type of frame that goes all the way and connects to itself, think of it as a "circuit", the magnetic field wants to be continous. Even just a frame like I show in the video is enough
3. The gauge of the frame will determine how much magnetic energy it can absorb without "saturation". The thicker the metal the more magnetic lines it can "hold" in other words. So for example, Iron, if you push enough current through a coil wound around iron, it will eventually reach its full strength magnetically and won't be able to get stronger even with more current. That limit is set by how large/thick the iron is.
4. I don't think external magnets would help at all, because the metal frame "short circuits" the magnetic field. It kind of acts like not only a focuser of the internal magnetic field but it also shields from external fields at the same time.
5. The air gap doesn't make any difference in this case because the metal frame is continous. If you had a gap in the frame itself, then yes a smaller gap would be better.
6. The gap between the frame and plugner also doesn't matter (except for how much space you end up taking) because the magnetic field lines will go right into the metal and follow it like a circuit. Notice you definitley *do* want as small of a gap as you can between the ends of the coil and the frame around it.
7. Inverting the battery wont push the plunger unless the plunger itself is a magnet. "Push" style solenoids are built a different way - they have a traditional plunger but attached to the plunger, they would have a plastic or non magnetic rod that goes all the way through the other side of the solenoid. that way when the plunger is pulled in, the rod on the other side pushes out.
One last thing - if you want to build solenoids for a solenoid engine you'll definitely want to use thicker wire than I used in this video :) . You want a higher current so you can get a stronger magnetic field, and to do that you need thicker wire. It's always a balance between wire thickness/resistance vs current to get the strength of field you want. It's always possible to get a strong field even with thin wire but it requires a ton more turns than just using thicker wire with a higher current - in many cases it's just easier to get a higher current to achieve the strength you need
To be honest
I learned two things in this video
First self centering when you used the drill
Second adding a piece of iron at the end of the coil increased the force
Thanks so much
Like and subscribe
That was awesome can i use it with arduino boards
What if you made the cylinder that you wrap wire around out of the same steel as the nail instead of wood? How much would the pulling strength of the actuator be improved?
Pull will become zero/very low...idea is to channel magnetic field via nail
thank man
Hi, wondering how you decide how much power (voltage) is needed for a solenoid? awesome video btw
Maths.
sir if same number of turn with thick wire(30 swg to 22swg) and other things same, what happen,
magnetic power increase or noting change.
What was the force at the last test?
why not use soft iren tube around it?
can it let water pass through even if it's mini sized
Sorry for all the posts, I want some thing that will pull a pin out of a (live) rat trap gate. So the gate will be a fairly heavy drop vertically, held in the armed position by a nail +_ eight of an inch through a hole (drilled through the gate a third of the way down). This nail needs to be moved crisply at the right time when triggered, letting the gate drop. Would this sol pull the nail out ?
If you built a larger version of this, yes. Two main things you'd want to change to make it strong enough to pull the nail out of the hole on the gate. YOu may want to try and experiment to find out how much force that will take.
To design the solenoid: First, make the entire solenoid larger, including a larger coil and a larger metal rod. If you need a thin nail on the end of the rod to put into the gate hold then find a way to attach that (perhaps soldering like I did in this video). Secondly, you need a larger coil with either more turns, or something with larger wire so it can handle a much higher current. In your situation I'd use larger wire and try to use a higher current from a high power battery or such - mainly because I find winding coils of thousands of turns gets very boring! So it's easier to make a coil that has larger wire (so it can carry more current without getting hot) and passing more current through it. Something like a 12V or a 6V lantern battery can put out quite a bit of current.
The one thing I don't show in the video is how to put on a spring to return the plunger to original position.
In your specific case I'd look at seeing about buying a solenoid from Amazon or such, unless you don't have the money to do so - it may be easier to get the project done (unless you feel like building it yourself). My video is primarily aimed to help teach why many solenoid videos on UA-cam are missing some key elements like putting a metal case around the solenoid to focus the magnetic flux.
Thanks for taking the time to write the note. Your ideas and thoughts are taken on board, yes I have to experiment. Rats are not stupid at all........the slightest hint of noise and they are out very very quickly.
Once again thanks for your help.
Very neat! Overall a very good video, but I have one quibble: the autofocus on the camera made too many misalignments, focusing on the wrong thing at the wrong time. When you were inserting the drill bit in the clamp, it focused on the background instead. You need a camera with a manual focus to properly capture shots like that.
wdmoates yes. It does have manual focus and i didnt have the experience yet to realize i needed to use it. Will be doing that more often now. I should have reshot the video, apologies for the out of focus shot
how to make this little metal rod self turn to its first position (make push-pull selonoid motor)
Hello. Great video. I’m wondering how hot would it get if you just left it energized for a long period of time? I’m theory would it just get too hot eventually and melt or explode?
Eventually the wire would get very hot and probably melt the coating that is in the wire. This would start to cause short circuit in the windings, making even less turns, etc or even causing more current to flow which could melt the wire entirely
can it also be used to push things?great video really interesting stuff
Yes
can you make a solenoid with the wire wrapped around a metal tube? Mine doesnt pull in the rod for my pulse motor. The iron rod seems to stick to the sides of the metal tube instead of being pulled all the way in.
No, a steel or iron metal tube will not work. The magnetic field lines will go into the metal tube and get concentrated there, and won't affect your plunger at all. Is mainly ferrous metals like steel and iron that will not work. If you want to use metal you must use something like aluminum or copper
Muito bom
How many turns????
why didn't you put more metal on the other sides?
Sir can i get the calculations
This video is great, seriously. A few Q's:
- how thick aluminum are you using?
- is that a nail that you cut in half at the bottom of the solenoid?
-Where did you get the 6.2 V is ur calculations?
Lastly, could you use something 'sides masking tape, for presentation purposes?
22 gauge galvanized steel. Yes that is a cut off nail that I soldered to the bottom. 6.2volts was the voltage of the lantern battery i was using to test with. I am not sure what your last sentence means.
@@researchandbuild1751 right on. I meant is there another shield that could be used instead of the masking tape (assuming thats what you have wrappd around the wire)
Quick question... I’m having trouble with the battery, it’s very inconsistent whenever I test it... how did you go about connecting the battery to the wires?
I was using Alligator leads (wires with Alligator clips on the ends)
Research and Build did you connect them to the springs on the battery? I’ve did that and it’s a hit or miss if it actually works even if I get a solid ohm reading from the coil beforehand
Yep just right to the springs. Double check your Alligator leads then, it's not uncommon for them to go bad and have intermittent connection from the wire to the Alligator clip. I've had it happen quite a few times over my career
Research and Build great thank you
Hi
re open air solenoid sorry for the idiot Q what do you cover with? Foil?
edit: I think you meant the little metal case?
yes, that's correct. The metal casing captures all of the magnetic lines and contains them, which will focus and strengthen the magnetic force
Bro! I want to make Push pull Can U make it please
Sir, can I get more strength by more number Of turns with just 5 volt?
less number of turns will give more strength as current will increase due to lesser resistance- but heating will be more
How about 200 lb his much. Windings please ans me
how did you measure your magnet wire? when I measured my 26 gauge wire it wont read, am I doing something wrong? pls tell me how dd you measure it.
Peter Parker did you make sure to use some sandpaper to remove the enamel coating on the wire? Thin "magnet wire" has a coating on it that needs to stripped away.
yes I did. this is a 26 gauge magnet wire.
How did you get that 6.3V? or was that the voltage of your battery?
Peter Parker yes that was the battery voltage, i used a lantern battery
so the main thing here is the coil or the magnet wire...the thicker it gets the stronger the magnetic field yet the faster it drains a battery...what about a 9V is it viable to use it as long as there is a switch to prevent the solenoid from draining the battery? also why didnt you use a 9V battery?
so much for getting it cenetered
Bro ...what is the exact material of sheet metal. I used MS sheet and the pull strength dropped compared to open air!!!
I was using a 22 gauge sheet from home depot. Just regular steel sheet
How abt neo magnet
can i use plastic tube instead of wooden?
I was wondering this myself. Why not use a cocktail stirrer or straw, and save a few steps? Not to mention that you'd have a much closer coupling of the electromagnetic field to the armature. But still, a cool video. I love DIY'ers.
What type of metal sheet is that and what gauge?
The sheet was galvanized steel, I believe it's 22 gauge. Can be purchased at stores like Lowes or Home Depot. Make sure not to use aluminum because you need something ferrous to contain the magnetic field.
Please make more vids!
Thanks, ive been super busy with work for a long while.
is it possible to make this to become air tight?
Dale Rush im not aure i understand what you mean
@@researchandbuild1751 did you mean, "sure" and not "aure" ?
The motor in the linked video has a hand built solenoid.
7:25 what 'material' is that 'glue' ? i do not care about a specific brand name. Thanks
At 7:25 I'm actually using solder to solder the two pieces of metal together. The brown stuff is solder flux, which makes the solder attach quicker, easier. I'm just using a silver solder. You can get silver solder and solder flux at stores such as Lowes and Home Depot in the plumbing area
can i make this to become water proof?
@LoIoL It's actually not that hard - you can use silicone to cover all of the copper. You also need to make sure that your wood piece doesn't let any water through. Since the moving part isn't electrical itself, it'll still work if it's exposed to water.
0.012 lbs ~ 5,4 gr
0.094 lbs ~ 42,5 gr
Why not use metrics. Come to the dark side. We have rational values.
3:39 how many V of battery?
poompom01 that is a 6 volt lantern battery
Thank you.
Need some help,,
1) How to calculate the required amount of current w.r.t (no.of turns, length, resistance, pull-push force, etc)
2) what is the lifecycle of such solenoids?? how long can one solenoid continuously sustain the current and same output force?
3) if 100's of solenoids are arranged in a grid with the same power supply, will they behave indefinitely ??
(P.S.: I am Computer engineering student, working to start a project, who's some part involves solenoid building generically,, need some exact calculated data first for the feasibility study. )
Hey! I'm trying to do the same! How did yours go? Did you find any answers to the lifecycle and power consumption of such manufactured solenoids?
Do either of you know anything about speakers? I’m trying to figure out what determines the resistance of speakers: is it the amount of turns, thickness of wire.. ? It might be a dumb question but i still just can’t find the answer anywhere, plus I’m a kid so that doesn’t help either:(
@@BigJ_FPV yes length of wire + thickness of wire + material of wire + temperature of wire all contribute to the effective resistant.
you can use plastic as a replacement instead of wood dowel
yep you could use a small straw for example. if you find something that will work as a cylinder to wind the coil around it should work fine
@@researchandbuild1751 But if you had used a straw, you would have missed out on all our admiration for the self centring ninja technique ....lol
how about something with about 30 lb of pull
You could do 30lb pull if you put an actual magnet in the other side
guys how can i get the same or higher output with a smaller battery on a solenoid with same number of turns like in video or higher
cant just use normal wire. has to be shielded piano wire.
1:33 : Research and Build: "Spinning the work instead of the bit ensures self-centering"
8:27 :Me: "Yea Right"
If it had voice it would be more better
The worst enemy of the selenoid maker = autofocus
Ah oui parce que vous faites cela pour du frique ok DOLLARS
Sir, I made a solenoid but it didn't work. All I can do was short circuit a battery. Please type the instructions here and materials ASAP.
the video that you are commenting on is literally the instructions. If you watch the video, you will see what materials you need.
SÓ FALTOU A MOLA 👎👎👎
Dude, cut and clean your fingernails --that is disgusting. Good video otherwise.
bruh, real men who actually work for a living have dirty fingernails, stop being a nit-pickey lil bitch boi and try doing some real work, maybe youll understand when your older
@@domm5715 Real men keep themselves groomed, even when working hard. Also, this is a video presentation and should have high standards.
Little boy, learn proper grammar and how to spell. Your comment is like a cartoon version of a child's attempt at language.
Where did you learn these skills?
Did you go to school for engineering?
I'm very fond of it but I don't want to become a lunatic by going to college.