Most Common Russian Prefixes | PF S4 E13
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- Опубліковано 11 жов 2018
- Here are the most common prefixes:
1. По-
2. В-
3. Вы-
4. Пере-
5. До-
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Prefix ПО often means that an action continued for some time, so it's restricted by the time it lasted:
дети ПОшумели и перестали / children made noise for some time and then stopped.
Я ПОходила по магазинам и устала / I walked around the stores for some time and got tired.
Он немного ПОиграл с детьми / he played with children for a little bit.
Я ПОплавал в бассейне и пошёл домой / I swam in a swimming pool for some time and went home.
Я ПОделал домашнюю работу /I did the homework for some time, but it doesn't mean that I've finished. If I've finished, I'd say "я сделал домашнюю работу"
Я ПОчитал книгу / I read the book for some time, but it doesn't mean that I read it entirely, if I did, I'd say "Я ПРОчитал книгу"
BUT!
When we're talking about one way verbs like: идти, ехать, лететь, by adding ПО, we make the point of starting this action:
Она ПОехала домой / she departed home
Он пошёл домой в 8 / he started his journey to home at 8
Она ПОлетела в Париж / she departed to Paris
Где он?/ Where is he?
Он ПОбежал за ней / he run after her (the action has just started)
compare with ОН ПОБЕГАЛ ЗА НЕЙ / he run after her in different directions for some time.
One important exception with the prefix ПО, when the verb with the prefix is actually IMperfective is ПОКУПАТЬ(imperfective) КУПИТЬ (perfective). Learners are used to the fact that the prefix ПО belongs to perfective verbs, so this is an important info to add.
Thanks to you too for the deeper explanation .i have been screenshotx all your explanations
I'm glad it helpe! haha, tank you for even screenshotting my comments)
@@LiveRussian I am still struggling with this prefix. How does ПО change an imperfective verb? The example I will use is говорю и и поговорю. Я говорю means I am speaking now
What am I saying when I say я поговорю?
@Un Bearable you see, ПОГОВОРИТЬ is a PERFECTIVE verb that doesn't have present tense. So you can use it in future: Я ПОГОВОРЮ́ С НИМ / I'll talk to him (I'll have a conversation with him). Or in the past: Я ПОГОВОРИ́Л С НИМ / I talked to him (I had a conversation with him). Try to dig deeper into PERFECTIVE and Imperfective verbs in Russian. I have a few videos about this on my channel. Search: PERFECTIVE imperfective intro, perfective imperfective clues...
@@LiveRussian I just found and subscribed to your channel.
Now I understand why Alexander the Great forced all his conquered territories to learn Greek. His language!
Exercise
По- Changes verb from imperfective{ process of action} to perfective.{fact of action}
“I talked to him yesterday.”
Я поговорила с его вчера
YA pogovorila s yevo vchera .
В- Changes meaning of verb. { go inside a place}
B+ Verb.
“We entered the shopping centre.”
Мы вошли в торговый центр.
My voshli v torgovyy tsentr.
Вы- Out of somewhere
Вы+verb.
"They ran out of the burning building."
Они выбежали из горящего здания.
Oni vybezhali iz goryashchego zdaniya.
Пере- over/again
Пере+ verb
“The dog jumped over the fence to save his owner.”
Собака перепрыгнула через забор, чтобы спасти своего хозяина.
Sobaka pereprygnula cherez zabor, chtoby spasti svoyego khozyaina.
До- finishing something.
До+ verb
“She completed her work.”
Она доделала её работа.
Ona dodelala yeyo rabota.
Nice!
And suddenly you have написал not пописал
Your videos are interesting for me, a native speaker, to watch because I start to become aware of the rules I naturally deploy, and it also helps me to see some of the exceptions. It's just interesting.
why do you have a f*scist symbol as pfp?
Thank you for explaining so well! Спасибо!
After 32 years of studying i get it. I love your videos
This is a very depressing comment
Fidor. You are great and i am understanding more and more Russian and the makeup of this complex language. thanks for your amazing videos.
That helps HUGE!!! Thanks!
Great lesson! Thank you!
one of the most similar parts between Russian and Chinese language.Very helpful，i’m so grateful
Amazing and so clear.
This is super helpful!
Thank you this was very interesting. To see how prefixes change the meaning of a verb .
It is perfect. You know i couldn't understand the difference of поидти and идти. But now I've understood. Thaaank you .
"поидти" - нет такого слова
есть "пойти", это и есть то самое слово. Просто чуть по-другому пишется
thanks a lot❤️👌👌
Thanks a lot i had a big problem with this . Now my mind is clear
thanks! good video!!
thank u for this vid ... greating and love
Thanks.
Пере- can also have meaning of overdoing something. Like я вчера переел (yesterday I ate too much/overate]
)
Он вчера перепил (yesterday he drank too much/overdrunk)
А также (часто с употреблением постфикса -сь/-ся) отношения между всеми участниками действия: переругались, перездоровались, перезнакомились, переговорили...
Спасибо за помощь
I need this video. Oh man, you do not have ideia how I am glad hahahaha
Hi 👋 thank you so much for your great videos, Fedor 🌟. You said that the Russian prefix 'по' usually has no actual meaning but always changes verb aspect from imperfective to perfective. I am uncertain whether the other prefixes - 'в' 'вы' 'пере' and others that you explained add meaning to the verb - do they also make the aspect perfective? Thank you 😊
Awesome video! Question: I also thought that по- could mean "a little bit". For example, "я поспал" would be something like "i had a nap". Is that right?
Yes
Great video! very well explained. My sincere congratulations! I'm always struggling with perfective, imperfective russian verbs and by watching this video I must say I have it clear! Thanks a lot. One question pls: when do you pronounce До do and when da? Kогда я войду в комнату, она выйдет . Пока он переделал домашнее задание, они пошли спать
Did not get your question, could you elaborate?
ua-cam.com/video/B-MukOaSk3Y/v-deo.html here you go!
1 Вчера я почитал статью.
2 я люблю входить в песу.
3 моя собака вышел из комнате
4 я перебросил мяч через ему машина
5 я всегда доел моё мороженое
Wow, I think I broke a sweat trying to write these. Thank you for another extremely well made video Fedor! Since watching a couple of your videos, I've stopped giving so much attention to grammar and cases, and am giving more effort to listening practice, producing my thoughts, and expanding my vocabulary.
1. Correct (почитал - process, read some part) 2. What is «песу»? 3. Моя собака вышла из комнатЫ (собака - female noun, so вышЛА из комнатЫ - родительный падеж)
4. Я перебросил мяч через ЕГО (his) машинУ. 5. Я всегда доедаю мое мороженое means I allways eat it completely
nice
Правда спасибо вам фидор
Он вышел из дома.
Я переделал свой тест.
Я доел завтрак.
*Russian books recommendation please*
I would recommend to use a Russian school reading list and to pick a book to your liking www.goodreads.com/list/show/45006.Russian_school_curriculum_literature
@@VovanPu oh thanks 💞
Ok I'm reading children's books right now as the language is easy to understand one such book - Шахматные Истории
Uh... War and Peace by Tolstoy
Can this be applied to present tense as well, or only limited to past tense?
Can you do a video explaining the use of НИ? Спасибо большое!))
Roger that!
A curious student might ask, but what if I want one of those shades of meaning created by prefixes but have your verb in the imperfective form, i.e. focusing on the process. Often you can change your suffix and undo the perfectiveness added earlier. Доесть perfective, доедать imperfective. Вышел perfective, выходил imperfective. And so on.
My example sentences:
1) Я ПОнимаю этот урок.
2) Вписате свою имю здесь, пожалуйста.
3) Вот Москва и вот Самара, можешь ВЫбирать где мы идём.
4) Не ПЕРЕбивай меня!
5) Он вчера ДОписал свой дневник, ему надо купить новый.
Хорошо. Только правильно впишите своё имя здесь.
reading your tshirt reminds me i have to learn cursive cyrillic at one point ahha
ua-cam.com/video/DmivaxdGH08/v-deo.html
ua-cam.com/video/Q-wV52Qs8uc/v-deo.html
Да нет, наверное
So explain покупать vs купить as far as imperfective vs perfective?
In English there a way to say
I am driving in the country
Means driving not in the city
привет! Can you do a video on dog commands? I wonder which form of the verbs are used, and I'm not sure how to tell my Labrador he's a good boy. спасиба!
This is the best post I have ever read. :-)
I actually read it like; ga hem, наверное 😂😂
El mejor maestro de Ruso.
Very helpful video as always, thank you! I have a question. Would you help me?
Regarding the last prefix, what's the difference then between these verbs:
-я ел
-я съел
-я поел
-я наелся
-я доел
?
Thank you!
All according to what Fëdor explained:
-я ел = I was eating
-я съел = I ate what there was (maybe I want more but there's nothing)
-я поел = I ate some (maybe I don't want to or it's tasteless or I'm in a hurry, etc; but at any case, I finished)
-я наелся= I've got satisfaction)
-я доел =I finished what was remained (I was eating it before or maybe anybody else was eating it))
@@BOBER-OPPORTUNIST absolutely correct
Спасибо за помощь!
Наелся - I am full.
Фёдор Фёдорович
You are talking in past tense. But what does по do in Тихо, я хочу послушать? Whats the difference to Я хочу слушать? Wenn I want to do something *now*
@4:11 - isn’t it «мы вьехалИ»?
So, по is past tense?
That was helpful , russian gives me a very fvcking bad headache
So what's the difference between
Я поел свой завтрак and я доел свой завтрак ?
Я поел свой завтрак - I ate my breakfast.
Я доел свой завтрак - I have finished eating my breakfast.
Can u use 2 prefixes at same time like : я подошел or я поперел ... ?
Sometimes you can.
Подошел means I've arrived and I'm waiting for you
пеперел is not a correct word
Also you can use 2 prefixes to create a new word and use it ironically, but to do that you probably have to be fluent on a deep, subconscious level. So I would recommend, at least at the beginning, to use one prefix.
IMHO prefix подо-/под- is not two prefixes, but one: пододвинь, подверни, подорвать, подтяни.
And there prefix подо-/под- (old Russian prefix подъ-) mean "move much near"
я пере-про-шёл эту игру ( i played this game one more time (meens single palyer game wich you can "finish", and you did it from start to the end). перепрохожу (imperfect)
Why do Russians say пошли, поехали, etc for saying kinda like ''let's go''? Is there a specific rule or something for that? Or is it just a phrase? Explain with examples please
It's a colloquial speech. There's *ЛИ* ending (Past Tense Plural); you can use this construction but be aware *the verb must be of Perfect Aspect*
E.g.: -поехали!> let's go(by transport)!
-полетели!> let's fly! побежали!> let's run!
-(а ну ка) заткнулись!> -shut up! -замолчали!> silence!
Also variation with Past Tense Singular: -(а ну) быстро принёс(принесла) сюда!> (hey) bring it to me!
Notice that *with verbs of motion with -ЛИ* it's suggestion kinda like ''let's do it together". IN OTHER CASES the stuff sounds like a bit harsh command.
BTW, "пошли" is also a command to send (послать) something
E.g.: Пошли письмо сегодня!> Send the letter today!(informal you=ты)
ifinitive: to send= послать> command: send!=пошли(те)!
*Пошёл вон! Пошла вон!* & even with ЛИ *Пошли вон!* are very harsh expressions meaning Get out!
Don't mix it up with *Пошли вон туда.* =Let's go there/
Please how to interview Russia language
Я пересолил свою курицу.
What’s the difference between Выслушать and Слушать?
"выслушать" is perfective, and also means that you vere listening attentively. "слушать" is imperfective and also more general
Спс большое
When would one use "Мне нужно" instead of "Мне надо"?
You can use either phrase in any case. I can not think of any specific situation where there would be a difference.
Russian is so F#€#king cool!
If I overslept, can I say я переспал ?
1. Я поехал в школу.
2. Она вставила письмо в ящик.
3. Моя собака выбежала из дома, когда дверь была оставлена открытой.
4. Она перерисовала картину.
5. Когда мы достигнем восемнадцатилетнего возраста, мы можем голосовать.
сможем
cпасибо
достигаем - можем либо достигнем - сможем. Кроме того, положила письмо в ящик либо бросила письмо в ящик. Слово вставлять здесь неприменимо.
So is it true to say...?
1)он походил в кино= ?!?!(really what does it mean?)
2)Он ходил в кино= he was going to cinema regularly.
"1)он походил в кино" - так не говорят. Нет такого выражения.
1. usualy... never used (like he was going to the cinema for some time...), better use 2nd var.
2. +
3. Он сходил в кино - he went to the cinema (as single fact)
nightyonetwothree said it best
Я хочу дочитать книга моя зовут «Остросюжетный Детектив»! Думаю что я сказал его правильно.. 😅
Я хочу дочитать свою книгу, которая называется «Остросюжетный Детектив»! ))))
Думаю ,что нам придётся пересмотреть свое решение .
Год назад я переехал в столицу .
Соседи передали мне её письмо .
Трудно высказать и не высказать .
Я дочитаю эту книгу , потому ,что она мне очень интересна .
Как ты долетел вчера вечером ?
Он их не любит скорее всего выкинит их из дома .
Мы вошли в школу поздно .
" Нифига не знает a говорит мне что делать " -подумал я про себя .
Мне понравилось его мнение .
better add "ся" ending to "высказать", just to show it's hard by itself, rather than adressed to someone specific.
There is no need for comma before "потому".
And there you need one: "Он их не любит, скорее всего выкинет их из дома"
And there: "Нифига не знает, a говорит мне что делать " (always add comma before "a" (but))
Thanks so much you are incredible very much appreciated
Ali, your sentences are great! And the feedback you got is proper!
@@nightyonetwothree what do you mean better add "ся"? this is a quote from "Подмосковные Вечера" song :)
@Ali Kermani you sentences are pretty much flawless
@@AxelStrem "трудно не высказаться" if you mean explain yourself or your opinion/thinks. It's like "высказаться" = "to talk out" subjective things. While "высказать" is pretending "talk out" in more objective manner. Sorry if i miss meaning, i'm not realy fluent if english.
я помою посудy
Я перехала в России