Mastering Thai: Uses of "ได้" (dâi) and Past Tense - Essential Thai Language Tips!
Вставка
- Опубліковано 21 вер 2024
- Learn the versatile uses of the Thai word "ได้" (dâi) and how it is applied in different contexts. Learn essential Thai language tips to master both present and past tense sentences. Discover how "ได้" (dâi) can mean "to get" or "to receive" as a main verb, indicate opportunities as an auxiliary verb before the main verb, and express ability or permission when placed after a verb. We'll also cover how to use "ได้" (dâi) for forming past tense sentences and the nuances of its pronunciation. Perfect for beginners and those looking to enhance their Thai grammar skills.
Hello! Welcome to our new video on the versatile Thai word "ได้" (dâi). Thai words can have different functions and meanings depending on their position in a sentence and the context. The word "ได้" (dâi) is incredibly versatile and frequently used in everyday conversation. Understanding its various meanings and uses is essential for mastering Thai. In this video, we'll guide you through the different contexts in which "ได้" (dâi) can be used, making your learning journey smoother and more enjoyable.
Let's dive in and explore the many uses of "ได้" (dâi)!
Key Points Covered:
Introduction
The versatility of the word "ได้" (dâi) in Thai.
Basic Sentence Structure
Subject + Verb + Object: ผมกินข้าว (phom gin khao) - "I eat rice."
Main Verb Usage
"ได้" (dâi) means "to get" or "to receive."
Example: คุณได้เงินเดือนเท่าไหร่ (khun ได้ ngœ̄n dūœn tháo rài) - "How much salary do you get?"
As an Auxiliary Verb Before the Main Verb
"ได้" (dâi) means "to get to do something" or "to have an opportunity."
Example: ฉันจะได้ไปเที่ยวลาว (chán jà ได้ pai thîaw laaw) - "I'll get to visit Laos."
As an Auxiliary Verb After a Verb or Verb Phrase
"ได้" (dâi) means "can" or "able to."
Example: ฉันพูดไทยได้ (chǎn phûut thai ได้) - "I can speak Thai."
Usage in Past Tense Sentences
Using "ได้" (dâi) to indicate past actions.
Example: เมื่อวานฉันไม่ได้ทำอาหาร (mêua-waan chǎn mâi ได้ tham aa-hǎan) - "I didn't cook yesterday."
Pronunciation Tips
Differentiating short and long vowel pronunciations of "ได้" (dâi).
#ThaiLanguage #LearnThai #ThaiGrammar #ThaiLessons #LanguageLearning #VersatileThaiWords #ThaiForBeginners #ThaiPronunciation #ThaiVocabulary #DailyThai
Glad you went back to teaching a single concept like this. Thank you.
Thank you, Eric and Orn! I’m glad to hear you appreciate the focus on single concepts. I’ll make sure to create more content like this in the future. Thanks for your support! 🙏
good stuff
Thank you so much 🙏
You make learning Thai so simple. Breaking down the sentence structure is so helpful. New sub from UK. Thank you.
Hi Hiram,
Thanks for your kind comment! I’m glad to hear that you find my videos helpful. Welcome to the channel! 🙏❤️
Very good lesson! One question: What is the difference between ได้ and เป็น in the meaning of "can"/"able to". I was surprised to hear a while ago that you say e.g. "คุณว่ายน้ำเป็นไหม" instead of ... ได้ไหม. But I never heard someone saying e.g. "...พูดภาษาไทยเป็นไหม". When to use what?
Thank you so much for your kind feedback and for raising this excellent question! After reviewing my video and considering your point, I realize that I didn't go into the full depth of the difference between ได้ (dâai) and เป็น (bpen) when used to mean "can" or "able to." You're absolutely right to feel a little confused, and in my future videos, I’ll be sure to dive deeper into these kinds of nuances to provide a more thorough explanation.
Now, let’s address your question in more detail:In the video, I used examples like:
"เขาว่ายน้ำเป็น" (kháo wâai náam bpen) - This means "He knows how to swim."
Here, I used เป็น (bpen) because it refers to the fact that the person has learned the skill of swimming. It's not about whether they can swim right now, but rather whether they know how to swim.
"เธอพูดภาษาไทยเป็น" (thoe phûut phaa-săa thai bpen) - This translates to "She can speak Thai."
The use of เป็น here again means that the person has the ability or skill to speak Thai, implying fluency or competence. It emphasizes that she knows how to speak the language well.
When to use เป็น (bpen) versus ได้ (dâai):
เป็น (bpen) is used when talking about a skill or ability someone has learned. You would say:
คุณว่ายน้ำเป็นไหม (khun wâai náam bpen mái) - "Can you swim?" (Do you know how to swim?)
This is asking if the person knows how to swim.
ได้ (dâai), on the other hand, is used when referring to the current ability to do something, either because of the circumstances or conditions. For example:
คุณว่ายน้ำได้ไหม (khun wâai náam dâai mái) - "Can you swim (right now)?"
This means you’re asking whether the person is able to swim at this particular moment (maybe they’re injured or the pool is closed).
💥💥 ฉันว่ายน้ำเป็น แต่ตอนนี้ว่ายไม่ได้ (chăn wâai náam bpen dtàe dton-née wâai mâi dâai) - "I know how to swim, but I can't swim right now."
Here, เป็น refers to knowing how to swim, while ไม่ได้ shows that the person is unable to swim under current circumstances (maybe the pool is closed, or they are injured).
Why you don't often hear "พูดภาษาไทยเป็นไหม":
You are correct in noticing that people rarely ask, "พูดภาษาไทยเป็นไหม" (phûut phaa-săa thai bpen mái). That’s because พูดเป็น (phûut bpen) is used when referring to speaking a language well or fluently. Instead, we usually ask:
พูดภาษาไทยได้ไหม (phûut phaa-săa thai dâai mái) - "Can you speak Thai?"
This focuses more on whether the person can speak Thai in the current situation (such as whether they’re comfortable or able to speak Thai at that moment).
Summary:
เป็น (bpen) = Having learned and mastered a skill (like swimming or speaking a language).
ได้ (dâai) = Being able to do something at a specific moment or due to circumstances (like the situation allowing you to swim).
I hope this helps clear things up! I really appreciate your question and feedback, and I’ll be sure to pay closer attention to explaining these kinds of details in future lessons 😊.
@@QuickThaiLearnthank you very much for the detailled answer! Now I understand the difference 🙂
🙏❤️