🔴 Elasticity - 4 || STRESS - STRAIN curve || in HINDI for Class 11

In this Physics video in Hindi for class 11 we explained stress-strain curve, where a graph for stress is plotted against strain. We considered tensile stress and longitudinal strain.
The relation between the stress and the strain for a given material under tensile stress can be found experimentally. In a standard test of tensile properties, a test cylinder or a wire is stretched by an applied force. The fractional change in length (the strain) and the applied force needed to cause the strain are recorded.
The applied force is gradually increased in steps and the change in length is noted. A graph is plotted between the stress (which is equal in magnitude to the applied force per unit area) and the strain produced. The stress-strain curves vary from material to material. These curves help us to understand how a given material deforms with increasing loads. For a certain region the curve is linear. In this region, Hooke’s law is obeyed.
Beyond that point stress and strain are not proportional. Nevertheless, upto some extent the body still returns to its original dimension when the load is removed. The point, upto which the elasticity remains, is known as yield point (also known as elastic limit) and the corresponding stress is known as yield strength (sy) of the material.
If the load is increased further, the stress developed exceeds the yield strength and strain increases rapidly even for a small change in the stress. When the load is removed the body does not regain its original dimension. In this case, even when the stress is zero, the strain is not zero. The material is said to have a permanent set. The deformation is said to be plastic deformation. The point, where the stress is maximum, is the ultimate tensile strength (su) of the material. Beyond this point, additional strain is produced even by a reduced applied force and fracture occurs. If the ultimate strength and fracture points are close, the material is said to be brittle. If they are far apart, the material is said to be ductile.
Class 11
Physics, Paper 2
Chapter 9 - Mechanical Properties of Solids
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• Stress is the internal resistance of the body to disturb structural disturbance under the action of external force.
• Whenever external force acts, body strains independently but stress induced is dependent on the extent of the strain formed.
• Stress acts on the body where it is resisted structurally to deformation. Hence, it ensures in a way that structural static equilibrium is maintained.
• The range of extent to which stress & strains are directly proportional is the elastic range as per Hooke's law.
• Stress is the tensor quantity which has variable value as per the cross sections or orientations of resisting planes relative to internal restoring force. It can be at point or on a plane. At point, it has exact value & at plane, it has averaged value.
• Depending upon the nature of force or internal restoring/resisting force, stress induced is different & corresponding to its effect on the resisting plane of cross section.

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Can we also say that, strain is directly proportional to stress, so strain=Ystress so Y=strain/stress, whereas sir have written stress/strain=Y, won't both the relation give different value of Y?

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