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The Kalmar Union; When The Nordics United
Welcome to our deep dive into the Kalmar Union, the fascinating medieval alliance that united Denmark, Norway, and Sweden under a single monarch from 1397 to 1523. In this video, we explore the rich history, key figures, and significant events that shaped this significant period in Scandinavian history. Discover how the Kalmar Union emerged in response to the political and economic threats from the Hanseatic League and the Teutonic Knights, aiming to consolidate power and secure control over the Baltic Sea.
We begin by examining the religious symbolism and the decline of Viking culture, which paved the way for the rise of Christianity, specifically Catholicism, in Northern Europe. This shift in religious and cultural identity set the stage for the formation of the Kalmar Union, representing a new era for the Nordic countries. The role of Queen Margaret I is crucial to this story. Known for her exceptional leadership, she united Denmark, Norway, and Sweden under her rule, adopting Eric of Pomerania to ensure the continuity of the union.
Eric of Pomerania, originally named Bogusław, became the first leader of the Kalmar Union after Queen Margaret’s death. His story is a compelling one, marked by his name change and the challenges he faced as a non-Scandinavian ruler. Despite his efforts, the early years of the union were fraught with instability, highlighted by the Engelbrekt Rebellion of 1430, which led to Eric’s eventual downfall and turn to piracy.
The Kalmar Union's formation was formalized through the Treaty of Kalmar, signed at Kalmar Castle in southern Sweden. This treaty not only symbolized the political unity of the Scandinavian countries but also delineated the borders and territories involved. However, the union notably excluded the Sami people, indigenous to the northern regions of Scandinavia, reflecting the complex and often contentious relationships between different cultural and ethnic groups within the union.
One of the union's significant challenges was maintaining cultural and linguistic diversity while striving for political and economic cohesion. Each kingdom retained substantial legal and administrative autonomy, which often led to conflicts and inefficiencies. The de facto capital of the union was Copenhagen, reflecting Denmark’s dominant role, but this centralization also bred resentment and rivalry, particularly with Sweden.
The Kalmar Union's elective monarchy system was another source of tension. While it allowed for a degree of democratic choice, it also made the union vulnerable to corruption and political strife. The constant struggle between the monarchy and the aristocracy further destabilized the union, raising questions about the balance of power and the extent of unification desired by each member state.
Economically, the union aimed to counter the Hanseatic League's influence and streamline trade policies across Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. This effort brought about significant economic benefits, fostering a diverse and interdependent market within the union. The Catholic Church played a vital role during this period, its influence peaking during the Middle Ages. However, the onset of the Reformation, led by Martin Luther, brought new religious dynamics that indirectly contributed to the union's collapse.
The Stockholm Bloodbath of 1520 was a critical event leading to the union's dissolution, as pro-union forces executed anti-unionists, primarily Swedish nobles. This brutal crackdown intensified anti-Danish sentiment and spurred the rise of Gustav Vasa, who led Sweden to independence in 1523. The post-union period was marked by ongoing conflicts between Denmark and Sweden, with Norway caught in the middle until it gained independence from Denmark in 1814.
#KalmarUnion
Socials:
Discord: discord.gg/6YxCTQxpCE
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Instagram: polishdaneyt
Reddit: www.reddit.com/r/PolishDane
Facebook: PolishDane/
UA-cam: ua-cam.com/channels/AOV5To6F4uawC3t5MRZRDg.html
Timestamps:
0:00 - Intro
2:34 - Context of the Kalmar Union Formation
3:32 - Queen Margaret I and Eric of Pomerania
5:48 - Kalmar Union and Historical Borders
7:58 - Differences of the Members
9:29 - Internal Politics
12:01 - Collapse of the Union
13:42 - Post-Kalmar Scandinavia
15:10 - Autro
Sources:
ua-cam.com/video/Hfo6BAfU7ZE/v-deo.html
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmar_Union
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КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @spyfromtf2625
    @spyfromtf2625 50 хвилин тому

    Polska górom

  • @zeniabach
    @zeniabach 5 годин тому

    To be perfectly honest, most languages are actually mixtures of different languages simply because of cultural contact and exchanges, and sometimes two languages being spoken in the land by equal numbers of speakers. There is always a "core" of the language that allows it to be identified with a certain language family, but some borrowings especially older ones become so integrated in the language that most speakers do not even realise it. The borrowings are a natural process od language development down the line. We can observe the gradual integration of English words into Polish right now, with words such as 'komputer' or 'biznes' being accounted for in the spelling.

  • @ciasteczkowypotwor2137
    @ciasteczkowypotwor2137 6 годин тому

    Czemu jestem polakiem i to oglądam xDDDD

  • @sussusuresu
    @sussusuresu 7 годин тому

    polska język trudna język

  • @ameliahewusz6389
    @ameliahewusz6389 8 годин тому

    3:13 yep but now ,,belfer" is not a good verb for ,,teacher"

  • @ameliahewusz6389
    @ameliahewusz6389 8 годин тому

    I agree, that the polish grammar is hard even for me (I'm from Poland) but we have only 3 times: past, present and future :)

  • @kalan91
    @kalan91 9 годин тому

    Polish is hard, but it's consistent. There are clear pronunciation rules and if you know them, you can read any word correctly, without hearing it first. Which is not true when it comes to English. In English there are no rules, you just have to know how to pronounce the word, or know how to spell it. Sometimes in English, you pronounce the same letter differently in the same word, which is crazy, and it's not backed by any rules. (for example, Gauge, Pacific, Baggage etc.)

  • @TheDanishAnimations
    @TheDanishAnimations 18 годин тому

    Kaliningrad General Is A Swede :O

  • @TheVanish47
    @TheVanish47 20 годин тому

    I am from poland and i have trouble with it

  • @Randomguyonyt237
    @Randomguyonyt237 20 годин тому

    The no = yes isnt even a joke we say "nooooo" as "yeaaaaaa"

  • @Verethill18
    @Verethill18 21 годину тому

    Honestly, no hard feelings but this vid is really amateurish. But then, compared to language specialists which I presume you're not 🤷🏻‍♂️

  • @gabrysj6229
    @gabrysj6229 22 години тому

    Czemu twój profil to indonesja albo monako

  • @polskikebab6940
    @polskikebab6940 22 години тому

    Ale super kanał znalazłem xD

  • @polskikebab6940
    @polskikebab6940 22 години тому

    Siema fajny filmi mordeczko

  • @MakkKebab
    @MakkKebab 23 години тому

    Jestem Polskim Norwegiem

  • @_Tiger_Man_
    @_Tiger_Man_ 23 години тому

    in greek ne=yes soo

  • @Revnek2
    @Revnek2 День тому

    "żółć" XD

  • @KrzysGold
    @KrzysGold День тому

    why does he sound like he forgets his line and looks at the script every 5 seconds

    • @KrzysGold
      @KrzysGold День тому

      i just red the pinned comment and know why

  • @KrzysGold
    @KrzysGold День тому

    1:25 can someone type this with spaces

  • @fryuaj
    @fryuaj День тому

    3:40 - i played scrabble with this guy like a dozen times along the years

  • @lhard123l
    @lhard123l День тому

    Normal language is created with rules, Polish is created from exceptions

  • @filipek7553
    @filipek7553 День тому

    You just need to understand our language, you can't just learn it. Why? Exceptions comes from some rules. If you makes orthographic mistakes it 95% doesn't matter. Moreover you can create your own word's which would be understandable for others. If you understand Polish language you can: - create your own words - you can arrange words in sentence almost any order - you can put in 1 word: question, number of people, their gender, time and is it done or not - you don't need to learn all of this things about word "play" just need to know how to use rules

  • @Elcomedordepan
    @Elcomedordepan День тому

    3:59 Spanish has prepared me for this.

  • @mrkefirek9
    @mrkefirek9 День тому

    Podoba mi się to że 90% widzów takich filmów to polacy

  • @klawisz88
    @klawisz88 День тому

    3:20 eyy what is belfer??? teacher = nauczyciel

  • @playandtutopl
    @playandtutopl День тому

    No = TAK

  • @DuceG.
    @DuceG. День тому

    No właśnie Teraz to przetłumacz :D

  • @antekduszynski7140
    @antekduszynski7140 День тому

    Mate your polish ball is actually indonesian 6:55

  • @Matlikso
    @Matlikso День тому

    Sometimes we Poles say "no", as our version of "ok".

  • @Miodowy
    @Miodowy День тому

    "No" instead of "yes" is not correct and is most often used as a laconic answer. At my school, when you said "no" , the teacher not only gave you a negative grade, but also told you that you sounded like the village idiot.

  • @Tsuno_Hatake
    @Tsuno_Hatake День тому

    I from poland This language is hard for every human

  • @zenonpinezka
    @zenonpinezka День тому

    reply no - as yes gives me feedback ' you are simple person

  • @StaryAustriak21
    @StaryAustriak21 День тому

    Polska górom.

  • @JimCvit
    @JimCvit День тому

    Did I enjoy this video? No 😂

  • @xx_lumika_xx
    @xx_lumika_xx День тому

    hmmmmm. no to tak? konstantynopolianczykówianeczka, you can read this? Congratulations because you're from poland. dobra kurde, wracam do swoich spraw, które no, em, no dobra sklejanie papierowych figurek może nie jest najważniejszą sprawą mojego życia, ale jutro spotykam się z bestie i jednak przydało by się umyć. ;] ale aby poprawić dzień osoba które dopiero się uczą polskiego, jeśli do znajomego napiszecie zamiast "się" , "sie" bez "ę" nic się nie stanie bo my polacy sami czasem piszemy wyrazy bez ą,ę,ó,ż. ale za to pod czas nauki musicie się pilnować no bo podczas jakiegoś egzaminu zostanie to uznane za błąd, tak samo jak piszecie do znajomego nie musicie używać znaków interpunkcyjnych, ale pod czas egzaminu już są one konieczne. I'm writing this in my language because of as I can think, u know how to use google translator, right? Pozdrawiam! :]

  • @Luki1324
    @Luki1324 2 дні тому

    Zażółć gęślą jaźń.

  • @rkary1977
    @rkary1977 2 дні тому

    5:31 można powiedzieć np. "no tak".

  • @reginahudzik5533
    @reginahudzik5533 2 дні тому

    Why is English so hard. Why we have too many times...? 🙃🙃🙃. Why we have a three times Past , three Present and three Future. We things this normal had have many times. Chymm 🙃🙃🙃🙃. You this opinon a Polish a very hard languge. Don' t forggot in my opinion a English languge is to hard , beacouse is too many ones times a Past , Present , Future.🙃🙃🙃.

  • @raq31
    @raq31 2 дні тому

    "no" is just a colloquial form of the word "tak" which actually means "yes" in English.

  • @TheDanishAnimations
    @TheDanishAnimations 3 дні тому

    Average Different Polish Dane ( I'm danish polish and swedish )

  • @olfrogo
    @olfrogo 3 дні тому

    Nobody respects poles lol Even far-right wingers who droll over Poland behind the closed doors they polish people as white Muslims 🤭

  • @ever_grey4468
    @ever_grey4468 3 дні тому

    pretty much every word is pronounced the way it's written in Polish. It's just the letters and letter combos in the word that you need to get right. It's like... Polish is a set of rules to apply to words to give it intended meaning. Words themself have no special pronounciations. Some have special set of rules, but there isnt many of these and it's mostly a change in how you write the word rather than how you say it. This enables some crazy wordmaking to make sense and it's pretty fun to play with it - can be flirty, can be funny, etc. Also, you forgot H and CH - it's just H (that was one of the most confusing things for my friend who's learning Polish). And there's no silent letters.

  • @chriskozma3507
    @chriskozma3507 4 дні тому

    Listen to Peter Zeihan, and maybe you will understand

  • @eternakrokodilanto5263
    @eternakrokodilanto5263 4 дні тому

    The great Duchy of Lithuania ≠ modern Lithuania no matter how much Lithuanians would like it, the official language of the GDL was the ruthanian language, we call it old Belarusian and Ukrainians call it old Ukrainian, the great Duchy of Lithuania wasn’t Lithuanian state, it was multinational state where the Slavic culture dominated, it wasn’t good for Baltic Lithuanian culture and language, they were assimilated by the slaves

  • @eternakrokodilanto5263
    @eternakrokodilanto5263 4 дні тому

    The great Duchy of Lithuania ≠ modern Lithuania no matter how much Lithuanians would like it, the official language of the GDL was the ruthanian language, we call it old Belarusian and Ukrainians call it old Ukrainian, the great Duchy of Lithuania wasn’t Lithuanian state, it was multinational state where the Slavic culture dominated, it wasn’t good for Baltic Lithuanian culture and language, they were assimilated by the slaves

  • @eternakrokodilanto5263
    @eternakrokodilanto5263 4 дні тому

    Don’t use this flag please, its not the real flag of Belarus but symbol of the dictatorship, repressions and violence

  • @itap8880
    @itap8880 4 дні тому

    Polish can have dozens of versions of a word depending on context. But, you have to remember English used to have dozens of versions of the same word, all usable in *every* context. For centuries, an english word used to only be consistent in speech but not in writing.

  • @iksdeluigi492
    @iksdeluigi492 4 дні тому

    no, yes in polish is Tak

  • @AlexandreMakavitch
    @AlexandreMakavitch 6 днів тому

    Belarus has name RUS WHITE or LITUANIAN. LItuanos of ITALY origin setle during NERONE TIME and founded LITUA BETWEEN SAMOGITIA AND KIEVAN RUS after mongolian invasion RUS was in ruble and Italians that called themselfes LItunos aborbed part of RUS that part become RUS LITUANOS OR WHITE. LITUANOS AB ITALIS ORIGINEM WRITEN ON STATUT GRAND DUCHY LITUANIA 1529

  • @olask7343
    @olask7343 8 днів тому

    from my experience, you would rarely ever just say "no" as a response as it is very informal, there are some people that may use "no" as such you described, but more often, to the question "Have you been in this shop this evening", you'd rather expect "byłem/byłam" - "I was"(male/female). "no" could then be added before that as an exclamation and it could be used to express something of a kind "of course/naturally", as in "no tak!" - "of course yes!". Meaning of polish "no" can vary depending on the context: it could mean "Wow!" - "noooo!", it could mean "oh", like in "oh no!" - "no nie!" (to express with anger/fear/disappointment), or just a filler, like "no..." - "yeah...; "so... /alright, so...", - "no dobra..." (informal)/ "no dobrze" (universal).