Creating An American Army - John J. Pershing I WHO DID WHAT IN WW1?
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- Опубліковано 29 вер 2024
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John Pershing already had a long career in in the US forces when World War 1 broke out. When 1917 came around he was tasked with the monumental challenge of creating and expanding the American Expeditionary Forces and send them over to Europe.
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Literature (excerpt):
Gilbert, Martin. The First World War. A Complete History, Holt Paperbacks, 2004.
Hart, Peter. The Great War. A Combat History of the First World War, Oxford University Press, 2013.
Hart, Peter. The Great War. 1914-1918, Profile Books, 2013.
Stone, Norman. World War One. A Short History, Penguin, 2008.
Keegan, John. The First World War, Vintage, 2000.
Hastings, Max. Catastrophe 1914. Europe Goes To War, Knopf, 2013.
Hirschfeld, Gerhard. Enzyklopädie Erster Weltkrieg, Schöningh Paderborn, 2004
Michalka, Wolfgang. Der Erste Weltkrieg. Wirkung, Wahrnehmung, Analyse, Seehamer Verlag GmbH, 2000
Leonhard, Jörn. Die Büchse der Pandora: Geschichte des Ersten Weltkrieges, C.H. Beck, 2014
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You forgot to mention that Black Jack was the mentor of many great US generals of ww2 names being like George Patton, Eisenhower, George C Marshall and many others.
Matthew Arenson I think among his officers he was cool but to the average soldier he was just angry old black jack
Creepy Closet It’s like that with most generals
And that lack of respect was instilled and strongly encouraged of the officers for sure through WW2. In the US Navy the smaller the ship the more personable the officers. A whole different human dynamic between a carrier and little puddle boats like PTs or Yard Mine Sweepers. Some jerks let the power go to their egos though.
Eisenhower actually never served under Pershing, but was his close friend.
My key word is Mentor.
"We never really let the Germans know who won the war. They are being told that their army was stabbed in the back, betrayed, that their army had not been defeated. The Germans never believed they were beaten. It will have to be done all over again…." ~ John J. Pershing
Fake news is like that.
@Baron Von Grijffenbourg Dude almost all of them thought that.
@DiscordChaos well they did blame Germany for the entire war and then impose unjust sanctions wish in turn transformed germany into a weak republic fraught with economic strife which made it the perfect place for a radical nationalist like Adolf Hitler to rise so....and Germanys politicians really did stap it in yhe back.
@DiscordChaos well much of German industry was placed in the hands of foreign powers such as the french, because Germany was blamed for the whole of the war the economic sanctions imposed were of such an amount that it caused great economic hardship in Germany, and because of german industry being largely owned by powers other than Germany the nation was largely unable to pay it back. Germany's territory was largely reduced and many former german citizens found themselves subjects of foreign powers. The sanctions were unjust not only because of their severity but because of Germany being used as the scapegoat for the entire war. As for Germany being stabbed in the back despite the losses taken Germany was still doing quite well, even after America became involved Germany still held quite alot of foreign territory and had many experienced troops and generals at the front, despite what is commonly taught Germany was still very much in the fight but it was weak willed politicians on the homefront that ultimately sued for peace, whilst germanys armies were still fighting one the front and Germany's military establishment and the Kaiser as well as the german people still believed in victory. Its largely because of these sanctions and the german peoples feelings of being wronged as well as many disgruntled veterans that world war 2 was able to come to pass. The treaty of Versailles resulted in a weak republic where once was Germany. A republic fraught with economic strife, sociopolitical turmoil, and weak leadership. A divided nation on its knees which made the perfect place for a man such as Adolf Hitler to rise.
W1se0ldg33zer
Theodore Roosevelt took that position. He insisted invasion and occupation of Germany was necessary
Pershing a respectable character to be sure. Never meant to be a legend himself. Yet by his actions he helped to give rise to great American legends such as Eisenhower, Patton, and MacArthur. That is his greatest legacy. And it a great one. Nice job.
In Poland we also have Pershing
His name was Andrzej Kolikowski and he was a gangsta in 90’s he died in 1999😔
Last time i was this early, the US was still neutral.
I believe with this bio episode, the most requested bios are covered
I've been waiting for the Pershing bio episode too! Next up, fingers crossed, episodes on Sergeant York and Major Charles Whittlesey & his Lost Battalion.
I have been waitting for the Mannerheim special for four years
Andrés The Royal Marine I want him to be featured too
A truly great America leader!🇺🇸
So when do we get the special on Admiral William Sims to cover American naval leadership in the war?
thanks for not cramming an ad down our pants:]
In PBS's "American Experience" episode on WWI, it mentioned Pershing having a breakdown months before the war ended and his delegating more to other U.S. generals. He never fully recovered from his family's deaths. Was this true?
It wasn't really months....it was in early October.
He did form two armies and let them be commanded by others, but he was in overall command. Before he really had too many hats though. I mean you didn't see Haig or Foch or whomever commanding individual armies - they directed the entire force. Pershing before that was leading everything...which was probably as much a reason for his breakdown as anything.
He even was in control of his supply stuff for a long time, only giving that up in early July of 1918 I believe. He was a bit of a control freak.
Those US Army Pioneer hats are fire flames awesome
Question
In WW1 What was the most bizarre death
When are we getting a biography of the team itself?
Imagine is John chose to run for president not only I believe he’d win but I wonder how he’d do.
Why was Pershing turned down by FDR?
My guess would be that by that time he was very old. He would have have been 80 ish by that time.
Minute Man Ohh yeah that makes sense... thank you!
Also as Indy said, some failures to grasp the technologies of 1918 let alone 1940...
Nothing said about the reality of The reorganizing of the army
Are we getting a who did what: Harry Truman?
Kind of ironic that a tank was named after Pershing.
You can say that again ha ha ;)
Not really: Ordnance was clearly on a tear of naming tanks after storied U.S. general officers at that time [Grant, Sherman, etc] and Pershing was the biggest & best yet. Nice that he got the receive that honor while he was still alive to enjoy it!
I think he meant ironic since the man himself did not understand the uses of tanks in warfare :)
TheIcelandicPrincess True but honestly he didn't have as much time like his European counterparts to learn.
Indeed :)
Going from the last Indian War to the atomic bomb, what incredible changes occurred in his lifetime.
James Hickok Remarkable, isn’t it?
He was born in rural Missouri just before the outbreak of the American Civil War, when the US was a tiny player on the world stage. By his death, the US was the dominant power in a new, modern world.
That chunk of time in history had the most technological and political changes. I can't think of one period that remotely comes close for the sheer amount of tech variety.
Also a healthy reminder to how new America as a major power is. But people are always saying how technology is advancing like never before. I`m not convinced this is the case. If you were born in 1890, the fastest thing in the world was a coal powered train. By the time of your death, there will have been men on the moon. The only changes in my lifetime have been cell phones that break faster.
Oxtocoatl13 not the internet itself?
Which Indian war tho? The last Indian war was in 1923, Posey's War.
A story from Send the Alabamians: during the Punitive Expedition, Pershing caught three soldiers taking shelter from the wind behind an overturned wagon. They also happened to be playing dice. Rather than lay into them, he simply offered the suggestion to "take your game further off the trail before some lieutenant catches you"
Patton and black jack got their butts kicked by Pancho Villa
That must've shook them
Socks per capita, the true measure of a country's economy
61,000,000 pairs a year.
US population 1910: 92,228,531
something doesn't seem right unless a lot of americans were just wearing sandals
@@ericcarlson3746 socks were built better back then. And that’s when they fixed clothes. You were given a pair and they were to last you your whole life. So in two years 120+ million socks. 90 million population. Sounds like the market was flooded with them. Also just saying stuff that’s not based on any facts .. so take it with a grain a pepper
Fun fact lots of eastern Europeans didn't use socks at the time, we used foot wraps instead.
I didn't know about the loss of his family... that's terrible.
while he was down near the Mexican border, they were staying at the presidio of San Francisco, which is where the fire happened.
Funny enough Pancho Villa was one of the first to send their condolences
Hey Jon
JonManProductions same
He had a surviving son.
Seems like Pershing and Eisenhower, the two “main” general for the U.S. troops in Europe in both World Wars, were successful not because they were great strategists per se but because they were rather great organizers and coordinators.
well the strategy was left to the generals in direct command of the troops. the supreme commander is usually more of politician
In those wars the USA seemed to be great with logistics and the us economy supported large amounts of supplies to our troops and our allies troops.
@@M29WeaselDriver your correct. Also its a absolute necessity to be logistically competent when you have to transport every single supply across the Atlantic ocean
Ironically both German Americans too
I'd rank Marshall above Eisenhower
“A competent leader can get efficient service from poor troops, while on the contrary an incapable leader can demoralize the best of troops." ~General John J. Pershing
Socks! Socks are no laughing matter, they're always in short supply. PSA: donate socks to your local homeless shelter. They're ALWAYS in need.
And socks have been in use for many centuries. Some products don't change much over time, like knives.
and the Russian military only switched to socks a few years ago from wraps.
At an archeology dig in Britain they found a letter from a Roman soldier to home. "Please send socks".
wore sandal?
Ask soldier, police, or construction worker. Socks are worth their weight in gold.
Apparently the other soldiers nickname for him was N word jack and later was replaced with black jack.
It is a sad commentary upon American society that the endemic racism was so rampant that merely because the commanding officer treated his soldiers with the respect due their rank that he was ridiculed by his peers. The 10th Cavalry [aka "Buffalo Soldiers"] have a storied place in U.S. History, and deserved better than they got...
"People believed a larger division could stay on the line longer as it would have more replacements and reserves".
Indie is crystal clear, a 40 width division is op.
Hoi 4 reference
@@stevekaczynski3793
For practical reasons i guess. The island hoping strategy required smaller, more agile formations than those in the Great war
+Ιωάννης Μπαλτουμάς Smaller formations were required mostly to the small amount of real estate. Example: the biggest tank formation was a battalion. Even then the whole battalion may not take part in a small island invasion due to maneuvering constraints. Large islands like Okinawa and Luzon could handle the whole unit. Often tanks that were on the island would be held back until needed. This is from a tanker in the Pacific. He was proud that his tank battalion (Shermans) was first to be requested if troops got into trouble. He's been gone 35 years so I don't recall the battalion number.
Black Jack Pershing was my great great grandfather. It's quite fascinating looking at all the things that he did in the past. Amazing Video!!
Okay
COOL
No way
hey look a living tank
You mistake him for M26 Pershing, known from such movies as 'American Presence in Europe in 1945 during WW2' (kind of a long name)
But is it the mega evolution known as the Super Pershing, one which ripped the face off of its enemies and uses their hulls as additional armor for itself?
Just a tank with a moustache .
An interesting little fact is that he also got engaged to George Patton's younger sister in 1917.
“Lafayette, we are here!” « Lafayette, nous voici! »
This quote is mistakenly attributed to Pershing, but it was actually spoken by his aide, Colonel Charles E. Stanton.
La République vous remercie. And France is glad to see that its oldest ally remained true.
"It is with loving pride we drape the colors in tribute of respect to this citizen [Marquis de Lafayette] of your great republic. And here and now, in the presence of the illustrious dead, we pledge our hearts and our honor in carrying this war to a successful issue."
« C'est avec fierté que nous drapons les couleurs en hommage à ce citoyen [le marquis de La Fayette] de votre grande république. Et voici maintenant, en présence de l 'illustre mort, nous engageons nos cœurs et notre honneur dans la résolution favorable de cette guerre. »
Question for out of the tranches: the generals of WW1 are often seen as incompetent and uncaring of the plight of the men. Did any generals show regret after the war?
Try this dude, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, 20,000 men in one day at the Somme.
You are correct, the Generals were butcher's. It continued in ww2. Many islands taken from the Japanese had no reason for being taken.
john c. bryant "Many islands taken from the Japanese had no reason for being taken"
I wouldn't say so. Many were important because of their air bases like Iwo Jima, or in the case of Okinawa because it was the closest island to Japan and thus the best to invade mainland Japan from, then you have islands like Tarawa which were important because of their naval bases and the fact that they were key Japanese positions, and then you also have the island of Guadalcanal which was important so that the US could "stay in touch" with their allies in Australia and not be completely cut off from them, there are many more cases but I think I've proven my point. Not only are you wrong, but the US actually did not take all of the islands Japan owned. What they did instead was encircle the islands that were thought of as big strong points where there could be many casualties. The situation was pretty much the opposite of what you're claiming, the US tried to advance as much as possible to Japan while also tried to spare as many lives.
randy bugger that is not compared to the German Austrian ottoman general who completely lost the war
john c. bryant really? What a foolish thing to say. Many islands were skipped over. The ones taken were for strategic reasons such as forward bases or to eradicate the Japanese soldiers in order to keep the Japanese military from evacuating them to use on other fronts like they did on Guadalcanal.
1918: Pershing wanted to continue fighting all the way to Berlin, but was overruled by President Wilson.
1945: Patton wanted to continue fighting all the way to Moscow, but was relieved of his command by General Eisenhower.
1951: MacArthur wanted to continue fighting all the way to Beijing, but was sacked by President Truman.
Military men are born to fight one could say.
All very stupid and bloody ideas that would fail almost immediately.
OK Patton's and MacArthur's plans are stupid, would probably cause ww3 and absolutely ridiculous amounts of American dead.
James Tang Well Patton simply recognized that we'd be fighting Russia and the Cold war shows he was pretty much right.
Not literally fight them. In 1945 the Soviets had more forces in mainland Europe and the Western Allies and even though the Americans had nukes, that is no guarantee you can destroy the Soviet regime.
Hey Indy and team, thanks for creating such a great series. I have a question for out of the trenches. I'm from a town called Blyth in the North East of England which used to be a shipyard and submarine base during the First World War. It's also got an intact coastal defence battery, so my question is - how often, if at all, did coastal defences get used during the war?
Define "used." They were "used" as a deterrent regularly, keeping enemy fleets from making trivial raids against coastal towns, but in terms of firing their guns in anger, they were not commonly employed, and when they were, it usually didn't end well.
Both sides' navies knew to attack coastal fortifications, if they had to attack them at all, with overwhelming firepower from extreme range. All fortifications and shore batteries could do against a determined naval attack is hope to slow the enemy down enough for the fleet to respond. This only got worse as air power evolved.
Excellent again.
Indy & team, I know it's impossible to cover everything, but I'm surprised that you missed this quote by great man General Pershing:
"We never really let the Germans know who won the war. They are being told that their army was stabbed in the back, betrayed, that their army had not been defeated. The Germans never believed they were beaten. It will have to be done all over again." (1923)
It's as scarily prescient as Foch's famous quote about Versailles and the "20-years armistice".
By the end of the war neither the French people, neither the British had any gumption to continue the bloodshed any further then was necessary. When Germany acquiesce to an armistice the prevailing mood in both nations was to seize the moment for they too had become exhausted by the war.
I believe Indy mentioned this quote in one of the regular episodes.
He was only partly correct, letting Germany know who won through harsh economic punishment led to Hitler gaining popularity.
Paradox, you seem not to grasp what the point was. They were allowed to pretend that they were actually winning militarily, and only some damn dirty politicians surrendered; ie stabbed in the back.
DP, That has little bearing on the first part of the statement. I agree with the second part but regardless of whether they believed they were defeated or not the idea of letting them know who's won and who's boss on the world playing field clearly didn't work out.
I interpret the former half of the sentence to be in line with the British when the treaty of Versailles was signed (Which got us blitz'd). I think had Pershing witnessed WW2 he'd have gone back on the first half of statement.
You need a "stubborn" leader with such a colossal task of raising and equipping a large army, pretty much from scratch. Doing research on my great uncle's service I could see a lot of evidence of disorganization, close to borderline chaos on the home front. Training camps springing up seemingly haphazard but there likely was some reasoning to it. Recruits would be shuffled off to newly made camps to ease overcrowding. Not uncommon to see a recruit being at 3 camps during training.
The USA even had a shortage of ships to carry men/supplies to Europe, so foreign ships were contracted or leased. My great uncle departed NY harbor on a British owned ship. Oddly the destination on the ship's list is England but they were headed to Brest, France. Once in Europe you can see more organizational confusion with units of all sizes being moved between divisions frequently.
Fortunately Pershing seemed well aware of how unprepared and unready the AEF was for battle. So training areas were set up to get the US troops better trained with the help of seasoned allies. If the AEF came straight from the USA and into battle it would have been disastrous.
My great uncle had to make his own 37th Division shoulder patch and it looked homemade too! I read somewhere that 80-90% of the AEF saw combat, the highest percentage of any American army in any war.
LuvBorderCollies, my Grandmother on my Dad's side lost a nephew in France (U.S.ARMY) one of her Brother was 5th Marines( he started the Marine tradition in the family). I feel you are very correct, we needed him.
I didn't know hardly anything about Pershing except as commanding general of the AEF. That is until this awesome video. Thanks to Indy and his support squad. :) I did not know Bugout MacArthur served under Pershing. Wonder what Pershing really thought of the glory hound.
And Woodrow Wilson said onto John Pershing: "Create me an army worthy of United states of America!"
A couple bits of miss information Indy. First, General Pershing was the first man promoted to General of the Armies of the United States. George Washington was not promoted to that position until the 1976 by act of Congress.
Second, Pershing was the second choice to lead the army in WWI. The first choice was General Fredrick Funstun. He was appointed but died of a heart attack before he took command. Interesting fact, Major Doug McArthur was on duty at the war department when the call came in that Funstun had died, and he had to inform the president. He also recommended Pershing for the command to President Wilson
Funston was actually never appointed. Funston died in February before we declared war. He PROBABLY would have been chosen, but who knows.
@Indy and Team
I don’t know if you’ve ever heard of it but if you are ever in or around Chicago there is a park called Cantigny which is the former estate of Robert McCormick, a WW1 veteran, and it has a museum of the US 1st Division from WW1 to the modern day. It also includes several outdoor tanks from different wars that you can not only see but actually climb on top of. Something to do if you are ever in the area, thank you for all your hard work on this channel.
Fort Riley has a relatively small museum but I found it had a lot of interesting stuff. One display had a WW1 horse mounted soldier with all correct gear for horse/rider along with signs briefly describing what certain parts were for. Worth the stop if you're going by.
Been there twice highly recommend great ww1 exhibit and museum.
jake jones Yes
To this day there is a Jonh J. Pershing center with a large sign expaling his life and service at the University of Nebraska Lincoln.
If you know how to shoot, and are quite ready to shoot, the chances are that you won't have to shoot.
Si vis pacem, para bellum.
General of the Armies de facto 6 star general since he was highest general during WWI and WWII. He was retired in 1924 but his rank was highest then 5 star General of the Army.
When General Patton went off to WW2 he asked for General Pershing's blessing before he left.
please make a ludendorff special. there is no documentary about his life on UA-cam
Hey Indy, I love watching your show and have been following week by week since 1915. I have yet to write an out of the trenches question, so here it goes. Did the German military begin drafting or accepting volunteers from the area under German occupation after the signing of the he Treaty of Brest-Litovsk agreement? Thanks Indy and team for all the hard work it takes to make such an amazing UA-cam docuseries!
For the point at 8:29 i would recommend the book "An Army at Dawn" by Rick Atkinson. It doesn't seem that they (as a whole) were up to the task as much as people believe. It took them some time to learn that, but opposite to WW1, Generals seemed to learn quicker.
-Agreed, great book. Atkinson is a fine writer. Discovered him 14 or 15 yrs ago, and that was the first one i read. I would say he is a worthy successor to Cornelius Ryan
Actually John Pershing was the first General of the Armies. Washington made named General of the Armies later on so that it could be said that Washington wasn't outranked.
Last time I was this early Britain still had an empire
Last time I was this early Austria was competent at war
Prussian Eagle ?
98103485DP prussia became the German empire
@@walpol3 When was that?
Constantine V prussia became the german empire when the prussian king was crowned emperor. Not sure of the exact date
Captain Eddie Rickenbacker was his staff car driver. .
I was member of Pershing Rifles in the 1960's in college and learned his history as a pledge to this group. Long Live F-10.
Pershing inspired Patton & he was the one who thought of a Second highest award & then earned it twice. AND he asked John Browning if he could make something to stop a tank, the 50 Caliber was born.
He had a more derogatory nickname than "black jack", but I don't want to say the n-word.
Great episode on Pershing Indy! - learned a lot
side notes:
The name Pershing was an "Americanized" German surname.
The fire that killed his wife was at San Francisco's Presidio
The 1st Division would become Pershing's favorite 5:41
My ancestor, 2nd Lt. Val Browning served in the American 79th Infantry Division in the Second Battle of Verdun. There's a photograph, of him investigating the newly issued Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR M1918) while in a trench. Another one, William Browning, was awarded the Silver Star for courage under fire while serving as a combat medic.
Been waiting for this episode, great job
Watch out Germany "Black Jack" has entered the Building!
It is strange that a leader born during the crucible of modern war, the American Civil War, would not have taken the central lesson from it...that war has changed
he was a very overrated general in my opinion
Pershing is one of my favorite military commanders. oddly enough, my dad's also. the first tank my dad was trained in was the Pershing tank.
OOTT Question: Other than the Poles, did the Germans have any significant forces of recruits/volunteers from other peoples than themselves? Like volunteers from their Nordic and other Germanic cousins perhaps?
MacArthur was way overrated
Patton is the most overrated
Illya Lypyak But MacArthur needlessly invaded the Philippines and bungled the Korean War.
Had MacArthur been left to his own devices, we would have gotten into WW3 with China and Russia. He lobbied for his own Medal of Honor which was PR BS.
Patton was the foil we needed against Montgomery
MacArthur was a helluva Field Commander in WWI. I will say he is somewhat overrated for his WWII and Korean War service, but he was a damn fine officer in The Great War.
In KC the road that the national WWl memorial and museum is on Pershing street.
They came like Eagles then they leave like wet chicken's
Pancho Villa.
Bkack Jack and Patton and USA troops got outwitted by Pancho Villa
How about a video on mannerheim?
Pekka Mäkelä I think they did that already, but he certainly deserves it perkele
Or Mannstein
Thank you for doing this on General Pershing.
General Pershing got an army, the most advanced tech you could get back in the day and even planes... and he was continuously fooled, outsmarted and returned to the US only with a huge military defeat after failing to capture only one man. That man was Pancho Villa, one of the most brilliant guerrilla strategist ever. Villa > Pershing.
The US did not have the most advanced military tech in 1916. Not by any stretch. I'd also say that in a sense the expedition was at least partly successful. Villa never again raided the US.
Name an army successful against any insurgency that didn't have the support of the local population, I'll wait.....
The Punitive Expedition had some advanced tech for the time as "test cases;" the planes and automobiles weren't considered ready for prime time [& weren't, by a long shot!] but the Army wanted to have 1st hand experience with their shortcomings, as they could see where things were going in Europe and have a better understanding of where future development was needed. Pershing utterly destroyed Villa's ability to launch another raid on U.S. soil, and in the process, removed Villa's chances of ever seizing power in Mexico: I think that was success enough, there wasn't any further need to drag him back to the States. The Mexican govt. was *pissed* about the U.S. violating their territory too, in spite of the fact we were doing them a favor by hunting down Villa. Anyway, Villa's insanity of attacking Columbus, N.M. has repercussions that are still echoing today: another interesting avenue to explore for the alternate history contingent!
My father, not my grandfather, nor my great-grand father..but my father, served under Pershing. As a young man he quit school and enlisted (as many did)..his decision was based in part by adventure, duty to country and admiration of General Pershing! He carried that admiration to the day he died. Side note: My father wounded 2 1/2 days after the Armistice was signed, they hadn't gotten the word on the remote front line he was on.
Do you have anything special planned for the 11/11?
Why? Is Ludendorf planning some sort of major offensive on that date or something? If you're saying the war will be over by Christmas, I've heard that one before!
What happened in 11/11
ahmed Mohamed the guns went silent for the first time in 4 years on the western front, it's a cease fire
John Smith: You must be psychic. Few know what the future has in store.
John Smith oh thanks
Hi!
A question about national finances
How did the countries pay / collect the war effort? Was it through loans, taxes, donations, Treasury certificates?
Great work!
The film with Pershing smiling tells you why you never see him smiling.
IIRC American Colored infantry regiments were assigned to the French Army because of the prejudice in the US Army against arming Blacks.
Some were, yes. But there was an American Division of black troops that served under US Command. It is rarely talked about though. The ones that served with the French are much more famous.
And the British and French were prejudiced against their own colonial troops, what's your point?
@ Scott7891: Not to the extent of the commonplace racism among U.S. troops.
Apparently some 'handbag' went crying to UA-cam about my comments on this video that I posted 18 months ago because I said that the US Army actually did 3/5ths of bugger all since they never reached the Front Line till AFTER the German Spring Offensive was defeated and didn't begin large scale Combat Operations till AFTER the 4th Army smashed the Germans in August at the start of the 100 Days Offensive. UA-cam deleted my comments as 'Hate Speech' - apparently quoting the historical record that doesn't pander to Seppo chestbeating bullshit is 'Hate Speech' now ... go figure. Well here's another one for you crybabies to run and tell UA-cam about.
I'm reading a biography of George C. Marshall who worked closely with General Pershing in Europe during WW1. They remained close until Pershing's death . Perhaps you could do a segment on him as well .
George C Marshall was one of the main planers for all US offensives in the war the should totally do a special on him
Indy, you should do a show about the 40,000 Americans who crossed the border since 1914 to join and fight with the Canadian Corps. The last Canadian Victoria Cross winner from ww1 died in Maine some years back. I don't think any transferred to the American Army forming in France, perhaps Official America thought of them as having broken the law. But it is also doubtful whether a seasoned soldier from a seasoned unit would want to transfer to a green as grass outfit.
Shubal Dovakin A number of Americans who served with the Canadian Corps transferred to the US Army. Among these was Frederick Libby, the first American flying ace. See Horses Don't Fly a.co/g94AeVe
kind of ironic that the wars that followed they jumped the border to escape the draft.
Please do a video on Patton because he's the man that created the u. S. Armored Division
Didn't general Pershing heavily push for adoption of the FT-17 tank though?
It's quite surprising to know that a number of America's most popular generals were assigned to the Philippines at one time or another. Though the history of my country (the Philippines) and the U.S. remains wrought with intrigue, suspicion, ignorance, distrust and erroneous information, one can hardly deny the important part the Philippines played in contemporary U.S. history, even up to this very day.
All I'd like to know, is who actually dislikes this series? I see thumbs down and I can't help but wonder why. Probably just some delinquents, who have no idea how much research goes into these great videos. Thanks for the amazing information as always. I wrote an amazing history paper recently, thanks to this channel. The school gave me the topic "The Great War." Thumbs up as usual.
Only North Korea would have dislikeless vids, so this is healthy.
There was a time when he needed to give an example to show to his enemies where defiance would bring them. During the Moro Wars, John Pershing was said to have ordered the corpses of pigs to be thrown into the mass graves where the fallen Moros were buried. Pigs in Islam are considered sacred and touching them would be haram, let alone being buried alongside their blood and flesh...
At Hamel, Pershing agreed to provide American troops under Australian command. At the last minute he broke his agreement and withdrew from the attack. After the Australian victory he and Haig had a celebratory dinner (excluding any Australians) with Foch and they all took the credit for a stunning victory that none of them had anything to do with.
Question for Out of the Trenches: Do you think the Spanish American War prepare the U.S. in anyway to fight in the Great War? Love your show can't wait to follow your WWII show in real time.
WolfMan831 A shame Feature History is no longer a part of that project
I would say no, since the war was short (lasted less than 4 months) and that the decisive battle happened on sea. The Spanish fleet was no match at all. Spain is like the Ottoman Empire at this point in its imperial history, probably worse. No attritional wars, no stalemate, a lot of the soldiers on both sides died from diseases though.
If they did learn anything it would've been forgotten by 1917. But I don't see what could be applied from the S-A-War to WW1, they were totally different in so many substantial ways. I can't think of anything from 1898 in Cuba that could be used in WW1 in Europe.
Probable not in the way of tactics, but the Spanish American war (and resulting Philippine-American War) did push the U.S. Military to adopt the M1903 Springfield and M1911.
The only real preparatory effect it had upon the U.S. was in its f/x on Pershing's career and in alerting the U.S. Army to the fact that its Gatling guns were obsolescent [and that the proper use thereof was on the forward line, not in the rear as a form of light artillery, as so many powers' military doctrine espoused at that time. See John Parker's _The Gatlings at Santiago_.]
how arrogant can the allies be assuming they would control our own troops
Two small points. John J. Pershing was the FIRST General to be given the rank of General of the Armies, not the 'first since Washington' since Washington was promoted posthumously to the rank only in 1976.
Second, My grandfather, Charles A. Oxley, Gnr, Royal Field Artillery, was an American who enlisted in the British Army in 1915. General Pershing pinned the Victory Medal on him in Boston on Armistice Day, 1919.
John Joseph Pershin. John Joseph. He's literrally damn JOJO
What a legend
Someone may have mentioned it below, but West Point cadets didn't call him "Black Jack" -- they used the "N"-word openly, instead of "Black". Succeeding cadet classes did change it to "Black Jack" later, but the intent was still there. The air of the times are important.
Nutella?
As an African American, I wish it was just Nutella.
I go too Pershing rip j Pershing) u served us well
I liked when Europe thought we were going to just be replacements haha we were there to win
You guys have at least 4 years worth of WW1 content. That's pretty damn impressive. Especially, against a history book from your average local school. Nice work guys.
This vídeo yet insightful treatment of General Pershing's life is an excellent piece of work. Indy has managed to capture the essence of the man and place it in the context of the time. Pershing and the first third of the Twentieth Century are often overshadowed by the Second World War and its pantheon of leaders. Indy brings to light the years and man who created the foundation on which the Army of 1940. The beauties of this video are clarity and insight. I recommend it without reservation.
I hear tell " BlackJack" was called "Racial slur Jack"
fern Haloo you are correct.
6:18
Watching the ANZAC TV series that dealt with the Americans...From my understanding they were originally suppose to be attached under General John Monash's Australian Corps. In the series Monash was severely dismayed when he learned that Pershing wanted the Americans to remain independent from the British and French (It was something Monash fought for the Australians who were fighting under the British Command).
Some continued to be attached under the British - the II Corps (27th and 30th Divisions) stayed under British command throughout.
Yes, some os the US troops were pulled out prior to The Battle of Hamel on 04 July 1918 which upset Gen. Monash's plans, but a futher request by Pershing was ignored as it was too late. It was the first offensive battle that the Yanks were involved in and they were under Australian command.
There was a US Senate inquiry into Pershing's actions on 11 Nov. 1918 when his troops were ordered to take as much enemy territory as possible before the 11am cease fire. Many of his troops lost their lives or were maimed for nothing. The inquiry was later stopped, probably by Pres. Wilson.
The first offensive battle the US was involved with was Cantigny on May 28th - not Hamel.
Pershing never ordered attacks on the 11th. He left it up to his subordinates.
When he was promoted to General of the Armies, he technically outranked George Washington.
Steven Manning
Washington was commander in chief of the continental army and navy as general...
My grandfather was in the Colored Corp. fighting Pancho Villa back to Mexico. Loved Black Jack Pershing fighting with the Bronze Heros.
Infantry and morale are the keys to victory, everything else just supports the infantry. A harsh lesson that Generals had to learn in WW2.
Infantry and morale died on the wire in 1915, 1916 and 1917. The US were coming into the war with a pre-1914 attitude in mid-1918. That why you lost so many men so quickly when the German Army was only a shadow of its former self and wanting out.
The British lost as many men in the final offensive as the USA did. And the highest one day loss for an American regiment in the entire war was one that was in II Corps....under British command.
Poorly supported infantry was the issue, you cannot take and hold ground with aircraft, artillery, cavalry, or tanks, you must have infantry, infantry with low morale break and run away giving up ground in the defense, or fail to properly advance and do not take ground on the attack. Everything revolves around infantry, properly supported infantry.
In trench warfare, the reason why so many infantry died, was because the infantry on the defense, held their ground and would not let the enemy take their positions without fierce fighting. Again, infantry and morale were they key.
Artillery only
"Black Jack" was a cleaned up version of the nickname that was derisively given to him because of his affinity for the Black Buffalo Soldiers who were his first commands.
George Washington was later, posthumously, promoted to General of the Armies, because it was felt at the time that no officer should ever outrank him.
Yet he betrayed the very soldiers he fought with, he wouldn't let the white soldiers fight along side the black soldiers who fought bravely in all our wars.
@@timper4326, you're wrong to judge someone from another time by today's standards. Pershing fought for the equality of his Black Soldiers, but at the same time didn't dare alienate the White troops who made up 93% of his Army.
100 years from now, standards will be different than they are today. Are you ready to be known as a monster because you didn't conform to those standards that you can't predict? As uncomfortable as it can be, and whether we agree with those standards or not, we must judge people by their times. Pershing was very progressive for his time, by the standards of that time. Hitler, on the other hand, was a monster by any standard. See the difference?
ARTILLERY ONLY !!!!
3500 american casulties on the 11th november 1918......more than the D day landings......despite knowing of the impending armistice being signed at 11.00am. He later said he was following orders from Ferdinand Foch.....nice side step
I have never been so enthralled by the supply and demand of socks (outside of my own voracious needs) until this video.