Different types of decay | Alpha vs. Beta vs. Gamma decay | Visual Explanation
Вставка
- Опубліковано 7 чер 2024
- What happens in alpha, beta and gamma decay? What are the differences between these three types of decay? This video provides a concise overview of the different types of decay. This video is particularly useful for students, physicians and physicists who would like to know more about the characteristics of the different types of decay.
Summary:
In alpha decay, the nucleus loses two protons. In beta decay, the nucleus either loses a proton (beta plus decay) or gains a proton (beta minus decay). Both alpha and beta decay change the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus, thereby changing the atom to a different element. In gamma decay, no change in proton number occurs, so the atom does not become a different element. Radioactive decay can damage living things. Alpha decay is the least damaging (because of the low penetrating power), and gamma decay is the most damaging.
Timecodes:
0:00 Introduction
0:30 What is Alpha Decay?
1:41 (Harmful) effects of Alpha Decay.
2:51 What is Beta Decay?
3:55 What is Beta Plus Decay?
4:17 What is Beta Minus Decay?
4:47 Applications of Beta Decay (Brachytherapy + PET).
5:43 What is Gamma Decay?
6:40 Applications of Gamma Decay (Oncology + Food Preservation).
7:20 Summary
7:56 The end.
Thank you for watching my video. If you liked it, please consider giving it a thumbs up 👍. Feel free to let me know if you have any questions, I'd be happy to help you ☺.
Very nice❤
This video is awesome. Your explanation is straightforward yet filled with valuable information and it's very helpful. Loved it! Keep uploading such fantastic videos.
Yes, Dr. Moyaert! I love your video because the visual graphics along with your explanation are fantastic!
Thank you so much, Kate! 😊💛
precise and easy to understand!
Thank you!
Thank you, this was extremely helpful and the graphics were perfect for understanding what you were teaching. ❤
loved this explanation, thanks Dr.
very well explained. thank you!
Thank you for the explanation, I really appreciate it!❤❤❤
Good video and very informative. The way I know is that alpha and beta particles, though have very minimal penetration, still deliver the most ionizing damage to living tissue when ingested, inhaled; at direct/close contact. Gamma ray, though less ionizing, however has the increased risk of deeper penetration, capable of delivering harmful effects at a distance, so in a way it is significantly more dangerous. Neutron radiation takes top prize.
Thank you, Sio! 😊🖐
Thanks for the crystal clear information. Totally understood the concept❤
You’re welcome 😊
Thank you Dr. Moyaert for this amazing explanation. Science bless us all
Thank you, Archer! 💛
@1:00 it loses four from its mass number ( 2 from the proton and 2 from the neutron)...and not electrons*
you have really simplified the concepts...keep up the good work. If possible do make a video on pair production, compton effects and other radiation physics topics and also on biostatistics too. :)
Thank you for pointing this out. A video about Compton effect/photoelectric effect can be found here: ua-cam.com/video/OjO65KTznG8/v-deo.html 😊
Superb presentation. Thanks! FWIW, the image of the visual spectrum at 0612" is the best I've seen in terms of packing key information into one visual. And I now have a better intuition how gamma rays in oncology are focused on the target cells to minimize damage to surrounding tissue.
Thank you so much. Your comment made my day! 😍🙏
Hello doctor ma'am your effort is amazing I can understand everything
Thank you, Kashif! 😊💛
I like it, I like it, and I'm not being sarcastic, as I can be. I am a 75 year old engineering/physics grad with a masters degree. Many of the things you say had me going back and listening to them two or three times because the first time they sounded wrong to me. After two or three tries I was able to see that they weren't wrong. Perhaps it was your medical approach rather than my physics knowledge. You have forced me to look at radiation in a way which I had thought I had totally mastered 55 years ago and rethink some of it. Particularly about that food processing. That doesn't often happen to me, and I thank you for it. A couple of things:
4:00 The slide displays "neurons" when it should say neutrons. I see besmaa1751 caught that as well.
6:36 "The only substances that can absorb this type of radiation [gamma rays] are thick lead and concrete." Not so. All mass can absorb gamma rays; air absorbs the prompt gamma rays of a nuclear blast at the rate of half the energy for every 200 meters at one atmosphere, otherwise anyone viewing that blast, even at six miles distance, would have been liquidated on the spot. The air and everything else absorbs the energy and converts it to heat. If gamma rays weren't absorbed by tissues, then neither medical therapies nor food preservation would be effective, nor even the idea of being harmed by a gamma ray blast. The reason irradiating meat works is that the rays destroy enough of the organization required for bacterial life, but that level of ionization doesn't destroy enough of the dead food to matter for taste, texture or nutrition. As you say, "no *significant* changes". I acknowledge that you perhaps know this but are trying to simplify for your intended audience.
Please, by all means, continue to post about science topics. I'm subscribed.
Thank you so much for your thoughtful feedback and kind words! I completely understand your perspective, and I appreciate your understanding that my explanations may be simplified due to my background as a medical doctor. In my field of nuclear medicine, we focus on the practical applications of radiation without delving into the deeper physics and mathematics.
Regarding your feedback, I'm grateful for the corrections you provided. You're absolutely right about the interaction of gamma rays with matter. I'll make sure to incorporate the information that all matter can absorb gamma rays, not just lead and concrete, in an updated video (by the end of the year).
Once again, thank you for your valuable insights, and I'm glad to have viewers like you who contribute to improving the accuracy of the content. 💛
So helpful!!
Thanks for the simple explanation!
Thank you, Tamer! 🙌😊
@@dr.paulinemoyaert thank You, I am a first year nuclear medicine resident in the US. You are doing a great job simplifying the concepts, keep doing it!
@@tamerdawud6930 Nice to meet you, colleague ;-)
so sophisticated thank you ,,,,,,, we really appreciate your effort🥰🥰🥰
Thank you so much Abrar 😊🥰
I am from Nepal
Your explanation was best with visual graphics 😊
Thanks!❤😍
Very clear
Excellent !! 🙂
Thank you 😊😊💛
Very helpful
Thank you! 😊
Thanks!
💛💛
Nice explanation🤩.. But one suggestion, to increase your background voice...
Thanks for the feedback! 😊
Just wanted to let you know that you have been using neuron instead of neutron throughout most of the video 🙂 Other than that, very informative and easily understandable video. Thank you so much for your effort (in the entire NM-playlist)!
Oops! Thanks! 😉
(I'm a nuclear medicine resident specializing in neurology, maybe that's why I kept using neuron 😉)
@@dr.paulinemoyaert They are very similar words, so I can totally understand the confusion. 😁In fact, I did the exact same thing while studying for my upcoming exam...
👍
At the end of the video you said alpha decay is the least damaging and gama decay is the most damaging but isn't it the opposite?
Hi Arjanita, thank you for your comment. Alpha particles/decay is the least damaging in terms of external exposure (they don't penetrate very deeply into the skin, if at all -- in fact, clothing can stop alpha particles).
Gamma particles/decay on the other hand can pass completely through the human body and as they pass through, they can cause ionizations that damage tissue and DNA (which can increase the risk of getting cancer). I hope this it clear. If not, please let me know :-)
@@dr.paulinemoyaert
I understand now. Thank you very much
^ ^.
3:53 it’s neutrons not neurons
Very helpful vedio
Thank you 😊
@@dr.paulinemoyaert do you use instagram ?
@@preetgulia2214 Not yet. I might have a public account in the near future 🙂
@@dr.paulinemoyaert I’m from India 🇮🇳
I really like your vedios they are very helpfull
@@dr.paulinemoyaert do you use any of social media
Also moral decay
What would a neutron decay do? ...and would you give this to your best friend or worst enemy? I'll hang up and listen, thanks 😅
BETA DECAY and My Model for PROTON and NEUTRON.
Beta Decay takes two basic forms:
BETA MINUS DECAY: a neutron breaks down into a proton and electron. Plus energy is released.
BETA PLUS DECAY: a proton and electron combine to build a neutron. Plus energy is added.
BACKGROUND of MY MODEL
Proton = two positrons and one electron. Charge +1.
Neutron - one proton and one electron. Charge 0.
BETA MINUS DECAY:
Neutron breaks down into a proton, and releases an electron..
Plus energy from an anti neutrino.
BETA PLUS DECAY:
Proton plus pair of virtual particles makes a neutron. Plus energy from a neutrino. OR
Proton plus virtual electron makes a neutron and a virtual positron is released. Plus energy from a neutrino.
THIS EXPLAINS
Where the missing anti matter is - in protons and neutrons.
Why a proton and electron have exact same opposite charge.
Where the positron in beta plus decay comes from.
You have used Neurons instead of Neutrons in many places
I know :)
@@dr.paulinemoyaertwhy tho
@@dr.paulinemoyaertbruh