The Associates - Documentary 2000 HD

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  • Опубліковано 16 вер 2024
  • The Associates - Artery, as recorded by me June 2000, recorded from analogue broadcast using JVC S-VHS VCR, JVC - SVHS Master E180 tape, SP, Nicam stereo sound. Tape archive 1644. Also seen in the video are Marc Almond, siouxsie sioux, Glenn Gregory, Boris Blank and Martin Fry
    The Associates (or simply Associates) were a Scottish post-punk and pop band, formed in Dundee in 1979 by singer Billy Mackenzie and guitarist Alan Rankine. The group first gained recognition after releasing an unauthorized cover of David Bowie's "Boys Keep Swinging" as their debut single in 1979, which landed them a contract with Fiction Records. They followed with their debut album The Affectionate Punch in 1980 and the singles collection Fourth Drawer Down in 1981, both to critical praise.
    They achieved commercial success in 1982 with the UK Top 10 album Sulk and UK Top 20 singles "Party Fears Two" and "Club Country", during which time they were associated with the New Pop movement. Rankine left the group that year, leaving MacKenzie to record under the Associates name until 1990. They briefly reunited in 1993. MacKenzie died by suicide in 1997.
    #associates #scottishmusic #80smusic

КОМЕНТАРІ • 150

  • @ScottishTeeVee
    @ScottishTeeVee  3 роки тому +27

    1 of over 2000 music videos on this channel, all taken from my videotape collection,
    click on the following link to see more www.youtube.com/@ScottishTeeVee/videos
    and scroll down for a few hours to see all of my videos😆

  • @douglasmilton2805
    @douglasmilton2805 Рік тому +28

    I was in a band who went on tour in Scotland just after The Affectionate Punch came out, and our support act was the Associates. Can you imagine what it felt like being a singer and having to take the stage after Billy 😅? After the first two gigs I said to Alan, look mate, as of now you’re the headliners. And that’s how we did it. Billy and Alan were lovely, amazingly modest people (considering their vast talents) and we had such a good time on that tour. Plus during a couple of drunken hours in Alan’s hotel room I learned more about how to play the guitar than ever before or since. How I miss them both.

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  10 місяців тому +6

      Thanks for sharing the memories, you were so lucky to tour with them, many will be jealous, including me 😉

    • @sybildisobedience500
      @sybildisobedience500 9 місяців тому +6

      That is a beautiful story, written very eloquently.

    • @scrimmy45
      @scrimmy45 7 місяців тому +2

      Thanks for sharing that.

  • @jm252
    @jm252 3 роки тому +59

    R.I.P Billy.. One of the best things to come out of Scotland! Massive loss to the music industry!

  • @matthewbell1968
    @matthewbell1968 Рік тому +16

    I'm showing my age here but in 1982 we were getting swamped with Tight Fit and Buck's Fizz and then Party Fears two dropped like a hand grenade, Billy is sadly no longer with us but the voice will remain forever, it was unforgettable.

  • @TheComputec
    @TheComputec 3 роки тому +46

    so sad when somebody with such obvious talent and invention just can't find a sturdy rock to cling to, and by that i don't necessarily mean a partner or a friend, just something within that allows them to weather the storms that life brings

  • @barrypotter5751
    @barrypotter5751 Рік тому +20

    Alan rankine has now joined Billy in that great gig in the sky

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  Рік тому +2

      I really never knew until I saw your post😔

    • @barrypotter5751
      @barrypotter5751 Рік тому +2

      @@ScottishTeeVee thank you for your reply

    • @denisespencer6550
      @denisespencer6550 6 місяців тому

      What happened to him?

    • @Useaname
      @Useaname Місяць тому

      He died January 3rd 2023 of heart disease

  • @ohfour-seven6228
    @ohfour-seven6228 Рік тому +10

    I can't believe Perhaps only sold 40,000 records. I have it on vinyl and on cd and it's one of the most brilliant albums ever recorded. Love you Billie.

  • @michaelvrbatka4441
    @michaelvrbatka4441 Рік тому +9

    Unfortunately we are losing more and more good musicians. I grew up with The Associates. What remains? Good memories and to know...... What a loss.... ♥

  • @geoffjoffy
    @geoffjoffy 2 роки тому +25

    Never forget the first hearing of Party Fears in 1982. So different from anything I'd heard before. Thanks for this documenttary.

    • @ginakelly2462
      @ginakelly2462 2 роки тому +1

      I agree with you that documentry is great billy deserved that it's such a loss but he will always be remembered. I watch that documentry over an over an 18 carrot love affair was my Late partner Ian's song . He used to sing to me.

  • @riggstwenty2
    @riggstwenty2 11 місяців тому +6

    The song “Say” by the Creatures is Siouxsie’s response to Billy’s death. Very very good song.

  • @glasgowgallus247
    @glasgowgallus247 25 днів тому

    I'm blessed to have Billy and Allan nudge me through adolescence... I even framed the cover of my 12" 18 Carat Love Affair... What a loss...😔👍🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

  • @dbjbtambtb
    @dbjbtambtb Рік тому +5

    So very sadly missed, saw the Associates in Leeds in the mid 1980's, without doubt one of my finest gigs ever. RIP Billy xx

  • @thomasdoran2363
    @thomasdoran2363 2 роки тому +22

    "Party fears two" and Billy's voice are iconic of a moment in time for me, i will never forget - i can even tell you where i was when i first heard it . . . . not many tracks have that pronounced an effect
    Thank you for this upload - it made quite teary, if i'm honest

    • @hunkhk
      @hunkhk Рік тому +1

      I hear you, billy was such a star what a loss

    • @dlamiss
      @dlamiss Рік тому

      Brilliant song with an amazing intro Only IMHO no more heroes beats it

  • @pottytime1
    @pottytime1 3 роки тому +13

    Absolutely one of the most amazing vocal ranges and talent of that period. I'm so glad I was a teen of these times.

  • @StrawberrySunday212
    @StrawberrySunday212 6 місяців тому +3

    Billy was incredibly beautiful. I mind watching this docu when it was on the telly. His family had so much terrible tragedy. 1st Billy's mum died, then Billy, his brother Jimmy from an overdose, His dad from cancer, his brother Johnny in a fire, then his sister Lizzie, who fell from a window, then his nephew who was only 24 died suddenly.

  • @davidellis5141
    @davidellis5141 Рік тому +7

    No is one of the greatest vocals ever from Sulk. What an album !

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  Рік тому +4

      Thanks for watching and commenting David🙂

  • @stellaVista
    @stellaVista 3 роки тому +16

    If you´re not reduced to a puddle of tears during the last minute, when Billy evaporates during Nocturne VII, you should reclaim your SOUL!
    It´s the only song I can not hear while driving a car, because it hits me like nothing else.

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  3 роки тому +1

      Thanks for watching until the very end

    • @nedthestaffieegan3452
      @nedthestaffieegan3452 2 роки тому +2

      Oh wow I had never heard it before, it is sublime! Thank you for bringing such an incredible piece of music to my attention. I can't stop playing it

  • @duncanparsons
    @duncanparsons Рік тому +10

    I like how there's a whippet in pretty much every shot!

  • @lordlockdown64
    @lordlockdown64 2 роки тому +8

    Sulk was an important part of my life, RIP Billy thank you for your music!

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  Рік тому +2

      Thanks for watching and commenting

    • @lordlockdown64
      @lordlockdown64 Рік тому +1

      Just recently heard the news that Alan Rankine has now sadly passed away, RIP..

  • @melthebell33
    @melthebell33 Рік тому +10

    R.I.P Billy and now Alan Rankine

  • @williamhastie5056
    @williamhastie5056 3 роки тому +16

    Brilliant piece of film. Thanks for posting. I was 16 years old when ‘Party Fears Two’ came out. It totally blew me away the first time I heard it. I have a 12 inch promo version of it. I remember seeing the video for ‘Baby’ on a programme called NB Bands on STV. It’s one of my favourites of Billy’s solo work. I was totally devastated when I heard he had died. An absolute one of a kind with a totally unique and beautiful voice. R.I.P. Billy MacKenzie.

  • @hauntological
    @hauntological 3 роки тому +5

    I miss Billy a great deal. He certainly was a once in a lifetime singer.
    There'll never be another like him. RIP.

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  3 роки тому

      Agreed. Thanks for watching and taking the time to comment

  • @presleyslave
    @presleyslave 2 роки тому +19

    His voice was incredibly beautiful.

  • @anthonyrichardson8677
    @anthonyrichardson8677 10 місяців тому +2

    Billy Mackenzie was a unique singer, the voice is unmistakable, may you rest in peace, you truly have a place in music history and genius. X

  • @leguybond
    @leguybond 2 роки тому +9

    Thanks for uploading this documentary, I'm from Argentina, and next Saturday I'll be talking about Billy on a radio show. I would be very grateful if you could activate the subtitles of this documentary. A big hug for you.

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  2 роки тому +2

      I have added subtitles, I hope this if Ok for you now. Good luck with your radio interview.

    • @leguybond
      @leguybond 2 роки тому +2

      @@ScottishTeeVee Thank you very very much!! Greetings from La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina!

  • @darinpaterson4403
    @darinpaterson4403 Рік тому +7

    RIP Alan and Billy

  • @stephenreie9847
    @stephenreie9847 2 роки тому +8

    My favourite two singers; BILLY MCKENZIE 🖤 RIP JEFF BUCKLEY 🖤 RIP

  • @nervo6321
    @nervo6321 3 роки тому +5

    Beautiful guy...and for a very short time in 1982 had the world at his feet...

  • @GangstersLair-tm6xt
    @GangstersLair-tm6xt 4 місяці тому

    heartbreaking, not just for Billy, a talented pop star, but the thousands of every day people who suffer and end the same way

  • @stuartmorley3836
    @stuartmorley3836 Місяць тому

    Brilliant documentary..
    R.I.P. BILLY

  • @niallfraser1420
    @niallfraser1420 2 роки тому +12

    Magic. Thankyou Billy. Rest in Eternal Peace.

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  2 роки тому +2

      Thanks for watching and commenting Niall

  • @kazking4519
    @kazking4519 2 роки тому +7

    He lived a full life and loved his dogs to the end ,great singer.

    • @ginakelly2462
      @ginakelly2462 2 роки тому +1

      My late partner Ian malone an I loved Billy's music our song was 18carrot love affair.ian knew Billy's .family grew up with them.Ian I will love you forever those were the days Ian listening to billy getting pissed.. rest in peace my beautiful Ian also to billy rest in peace billyx

  • @stermindelves4251
    @stermindelves4251 Рік тому +6

    “Cut Here” by The Cure dedicated to Billie M worth a listen. Acoustic version is the best IMO

  • @paulreid1711
    @paulreid1711 3 роки тому +5

    A lady called Samantha Meah used to present a Sunday evening show on BBC radio West Midlands in the late
    80s / early 90s. One Sunday evening she played party fears two; this was my introduction to the associates and
    I'll never forget the effect it had on me. Inspired and utterly brilliant.

  • @porkpiepilgrim5302
    @porkpiepilgrim5302 7 місяців тому +3

    I’m glad that this film exists ❤

  • @VeggieBackGarden
    @VeggieBackGarden 3 роки тому +14

    Thank you so much for this.
    A big hero of mine when I was younger - I still listen to his music nowadays.
    I was lucky enough to meet his brother shortly after Billy's death down in London - another top, top guy. He used to lend me some cassettes of Billy's, with some of the stuff he never got a chance to release - I wish I/we could listen to them now.
    Again, thank you for this.... Kevin

    • @barrypotter5751
      @barrypotter5751 3 роки тому +2

      Which brother did you meet John Jimmy or Alex I remember his brother John buying me and my mates a round in a pub in the stobswell area in 2007 a great bloke and great sense of humour

    • @VeggieBackGarden
      @VeggieBackGarden 3 роки тому +1

      @@barrypotter5751
      Sorry for taking so long to reply to you - Yeah, it was John.
      Real top bloke. 👍

  • @1961Blanchflower
    @1961Blanchflower 2 роки тому +6

    Thanks for posting this. Loved Associates from first seeing Party Fears Two on ToTP, and Sulk was one of the albums I listened to constantly on my first Walkman. He carried on making wonderful music until his untimely death. Love the fact that every interviewee has the same whippet statue (and how revered he was by his peers)!

  • @caeserromero3013
    @caeserromero3013 7 місяців тому +1

    The kind of voice that could read the phone directory and make it sound entertaining. Huge talent, sadly missed....

  • @choicekat
    @choicekat 10 місяців тому +2

    Party fears two is amazing but the kiss is stunning he was stunning and such has been stunned sickening

  • @lilmouseybrown
    @lilmouseybrown Рік тому +1

    Watched today on Gloomy Sunday😢 I loved Billy so much, still do❤❤❤

  • @FastTrack-1
    @FastTrack-1 Місяць тому

    How sad....reminds me of Elvis and the the connection with his mother.
    I remmebr the band in the 80's but only got reminded of this band since
    Steve Wright passed away.

  • @professorpodcast3029
    @professorpodcast3029 3 роки тому +7

    My Gran knew Billy, theres a picture of him in her close in Douglas, Dundee. Never Met him myself, but She said he was a beautiful man, it was a tragedy what happened to him. One of his Cousins or I think his Brothers owned a Kilt Hire on the Arbroath Road, that Kilt Hire was where me, my brother and my Dad got kilts for my Parents wedding...

  • @simonharrison1874
    @simonharrison1874 2 роки тому +3

    Such a shame. Some of the greatest songs I remember from my youth. RIP, Billy. Thanks for the upload.

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  2 роки тому +1

      Thanks for watching and commenting Simon

  • @sjwillis1137
    @sjwillis1137 Рік тому +2

    One of those amazing one offs . When you get moved and triggered by a sound with total attitude. Brilliant . Brilliant.. I lived them , and still do . But I can understand his boredom . I really can.

  • @gdmcv343
    @gdmcv343 3 роки тому +6

    Thanks for posting. My wife loved Billy and has not seen this before

  • @lynnedanieli2537
    @lynnedanieli2537 10 місяців тому +1

    Such a beautiful voice. Taken way too early. R.I.P Billy. Xxx❤

  • @jm252
    @jm252 Рік тому +3

    R.I.P Alan! Another massive loss! 😞

  • @johnleighdesigns
    @johnleighdesigns Рік тому +2

    wow appreciate you taking the time and effort to put this together and post for the world to see. Amazing voice and talent and part of the background of my youth

  • @SarahTheMiddleEarthling
    @SarahTheMiddleEarthling 3 місяці тому

    Billy is forever a legend. His sing shrieking of "AAAAHRAYBIA" on BEF's extended/backtracking version of Bowie's "The Secret Life of Arabia" is amazing!

  • @jasmineblack9778
    @jasmineblack9778 3 роки тому +3

    Thanks best quality yet.Miss Billy also on Yello albums,his additional vocals added another dimension

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  3 роки тому +1

      Thanks for watching and commenting Jasmine

  • @richardmcgowan6383
    @richardmcgowan6383 2 роки тому +3

    What a beautiful and talented young man. What a shame.

  • @fritillarymeleagris6778
    @fritillarymeleagris6778 5 місяців тому

    Thanks so much for uploading this. What a loss. My two favourite tracks of Billy's are Gloomy Sunday, but above all, The Secret Life of Arabia. Happy to hear a smidge of it played here.

  • @thomasdoran2363
    @thomasdoran2363 2 роки тому +4

    Man, WHAT a voice !

  • @Thunderpuddle
    @Thunderpuddle 6 місяців тому

    Thank you for uploading this. Great documentary.

  • @futurescalling
    @futurescalling Рік тому +3

    RIP Alan Rankine

  • @QueenAmethyst55
    @QueenAmethyst55 5 місяців тому

    My goodness if you could have bottled the charisma of Billy Mackenzie you would be a billionaire. My friend and i were crazy about him & that cute smile he had and his wonderful style of dress. And that's before he even opened his mouth to sing! Two singers in my life reached into my soul and left me profound. Billy & Mark Hollis RIP both of them. Wonderful men both in touch with the sacred and divine. Thanks for your video and the memories. ❤

  • @stephenclay2400
    @stephenclay2400 Рік тому +1

    Great documentary on a brilliant band

  • @natashank3847
    @natashank3847 Місяць тому +1

    Took a taxi all the way back to Dundee 😂 #legend

  • @pussycats456
    @pussycats456 Рік тому +2

    Depression is a killer. Talking can heal if you can find a friendly ear!

  • @mickharrison9004
    @mickharrison9004 9 місяців тому +1

    Strange how these amazing artists went way too soon ,and equally very sad loss on top.of billy was Ian Curtis joy division very young ,imagine how much of a loss to music both were 😢

  • @lindastanley229
    @lindastanley229 2 роки тому +2

    Beautiful Billy thankyou for the songs x

  • @noelnasty
    @noelnasty Рік тому +3

    Love the Associates! Big big fan of William, always makes me cry when I hear his voice! Must of seen this documentary a hundred times, also saw your other video on the Levellers at Glastonbury at 1992, also love Marc Almond!

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  Рік тому +1

      Hi Alfie. Glad you have found a few videos that you enjoyed on this channel. I have already uploaded many videos from Soft Cell,see some via this link. ua-cam.com/users/ScottishTeeVeesearch?query=soft%20cell

  • @tednorton5150
    @tednorton5150 Рік тому +1

    I found Billy through Yello. When I heard Moon on Ice and Goldrush i could have sworn he was a castratto (I) Decades later I'm still discovering him. Empires of Your Heart astonishes me . Look for it !! Billy liked "angular": sounds. That's a hard term to define ,k but the bassline on Empires gives you a clue. Last night i heard out ": Nocturne vii "and it's just gutting

  • @TECHNOIR
    @TECHNOIR 2 роки тому +7

    His mother being so young in her 50s as observed by his sister is key - '13 Feelings' is about being 13, really, truly young, written when Billy was 26, which is 13 twice, 'Feel 13 twice, feel 13 feelings all again' - But it's also the Elvis thing, once their mothers left, they left. There is a moving passage in Tom Doyle's biography 'from this point Billy began to fade away' - from a chance meeting at at tube station. People don't fade away, least of all a funny, enormous person like Billy - they choose to go, it seems, this is still upsetting to watch to be fair

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  2 роки тому +1

      Thanks for watching and commenting.

    • @TECHNOIR
      @TECHNOIR 2 роки тому +2

      @@ScottishTeeVee Thanks for uploading this excellent doc. Cheers

  • @martinfitzgerald1605
    @martinfitzgerald1605 3 роки тому +3

    Excellent👏🏻👏🏻

  • @rosemarie-karma
    @rosemarie-karma Рік тому +1

    Sulk, best album ever!

  • @celiahouse9255
    @celiahouse9255 Рік тому +1

    Absolutely brilliant r i p love celia billy lives ❤

    • @celiahouse9255
      @celiahouse9255 Рік тому

      Its marvelous how i have been exepted as a fan of billys its not hard quite easy now i got a few things of his i love his voice its haunting and stays with you so r i p to billy and alan they both live here love celia xxxxxx

  • @sjwillis1137
    @sjwillis1137 Рік тому +1

    Billy . So handsome

  • @JANXDPDX
    @JANXDPDX Рік тому +4

    it's never mentioned he was gay, and probably lonely from not being able to be a fully "out" person? This seems weird in 2023, with a yawn when someone is gay, but it's more complicated than that, even today....especially with "show-biz"

  • @TECHNOIR
    @TECHNOIR 2 роки тому +2

    Thanks so so much from a Welshman to a fellow Celt ScottishTeeVee, Associates and Billy fans quietly confess to one another that Billy did Bowie better than Bowie. This of course will only make sense to fans, who brook no disrespect to Dame Dave - My Associates records are forever filed next to Roxy Music/Sparks/Bowie but Billy is still an 'other' even in that company for me

  • @sjwillis1137
    @sjwillis1137 Рік тому +1

    Brilliant 🤩🤣🖖

  • @roccostarbuck8069
    @roccostarbuck8069 2 роки тому +1

    What a wonderful video,

  • @mickharrison9004
    @mickharrison9004 9 місяців тому +1

    No billy ,no party 💯

  • @ziggypop79
    @ziggypop79 2 роки тому

    What an amazing voice

  • @franciscocarvalho172
    @franciscocarvalho172 8 місяців тому +1

    Grande vocalista, grande Banda !

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  8 місяців тому +1

      Thank you for watching and commenting

  • @ginakelly2462
    @ginakelly2462 2 роки тому +3

    Im gonna bump taxi to London Fae Dundee haha . Brillant pure nuts.why do best folk die young. Rest in peace billy Mackenzie'x

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  2 роки тому +1

      Thanks for watching and commenting Gina

    • @ginakelly2462
      @ginakelly2462 2 роки тому +1

      @@ScottishTeeVee I can watch glamore chase over an over but I'm gonna go to doc street an see if that meat market is on haha fancy billy saying that about doc street on Scottish tube it was so funny that Lesley didn't Ken what he was on about. Hahahax

  • @keithrose6931
    @keithrose6931 Рік тому +3

    His poor dad .

  • @GO-mg7ft
    @GO-mg7ft 7 місяців тому +1

    Great voice,hardly fits in any cliches and money making in music industry!

  • @markpearce5075
    @markpearce5075 6 місяців тому +2

    Was there anything true about him and Morrissey?

  • @carlosfandango2419
    @carlosfandango2419 3 роки тому +3

    Why no mention of Sulk, a glorious album!

  • @kennymac6376
    @kennymac6376 2 роки тому +3

    Important

  • @apostolosannis198
    @apostolosannis198 3 роки тому +2

    what a gem! thanks!

  • @diggerthegroundhog8799
    @diggerthegroundhog8799 Рік тому +1

    Just listened to the new re-release of the Associates Sulk outtakes etc. Amazing. Does anyone know what song that is at the end of this doc?

  • @thesexychameleon37
    @thesexychameleon37 2 роки тому +2

    7:20 uh oh

  • @mickharrison9004
    @mickharrison9004 9 місяців тому +2

    Always a shame when we see savvile.

  • @chriswareham
    @chriswareham 3 роки тому +1

    Mackenzie and Rankine, absolutely talented geniuses. I wish they had continued together even if it was just as a studio project.

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  3 роки тому

      Yup totally agree. Thanks for watching and commenting

  • @mikelitoris1391
    @mikelitoris1391 Рік тому +1

    god bless

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  Рік тому +2

      Thanks for watching and commenting Mike

    • @mikelitoris1391
      @mikelitoris1391 Рік тому +1

      @@ScottishTeeVee very talented, very well liked and highly spoken of in the music industry, evidently in this touching documentary, awful to hear the mental torment he went through towards the end, after losing his mother and where he was found, i hope he found peace and at rest with his mum who he couldn't be without......and thanks for making a grown man of 57 cry

  • @barrypotter5751
    @barrypotter5751 3 роки тому

    This must be an edited version I remember seeing the full length version at the dca in dundee after the film they had a q and a session with Alan Rankine I also remember Billy sloan being there with members of Billy's family in the audience this was in the summer of 2009

    • @ScottishTeeVee
      @ScottishTeeVee  3 роки тому +1

      Its possible a longer version was made, but never broadcast, it does happen. Its worth asking Alan, as he may well have a copy of any alternate versions

  • @sjwillis1137
    @sjwillis1137 Рік тому +2

    Shame you dropped him . To put it mildly.

  • @jasonladd6400
    @jasonladd6400 Рік тому +1

    Just get the feeling he blew what could have been a much bigger career but you have to strike the iron while it's hot.

  • @MinshullFamilyArchive
    @MinshullFamilyArchive 2 роки тому +3

    I miss Jimmy savile

    • @southsidejohnny5624
      @southsidejohnny5624 10 місяців тому +1

      Has anybody ever told you you’re hilarious? No? I wonder why?

  • @StevieZero
    @StevieZero Рік тому +1

    Mark Almond trying to make it about him...Right pain in the arse narcissist

  • @alistairlawson7514
    @alistairlawson7514 Рік тому +2

    I hope they reform.