Protein Synthesis Initiation Complex Basics🩺
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- Опубліковано 7 січ 2024
- #medicaleducation #drnajeeblectures #medicallecture #proteinsynthesis #protein
Protein Synthesis Initiation Complex Basics🩺
This lecture is a clip from the Clindamycin Part 1 - Role of Ribosomes
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▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
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This amazing artwork (Figure 5.7.1) shows a process that takes place in the cells of all living things: the production of proteins. This process is called protein synthesis, and it actually consists of two processes - transcription and translation. In eukaryotic cells, transcription takes place in the nucleus. During transcription, DNA is used as a template to make a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). The molecule of mRNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. During translation, the genetic code in mRNA is read and used to make a polypeptide. These two processes are summed up by the central dogma of molecular biology: DNA → RNA → Protein.
TRANSCRIPTION
Transcription is the first part of the central dogma of molecular biology: DNA → RNA. It is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA. During transcription, a strand of mRNA is made to complement a strand of DNA. You can see how this happens in Figure 5.7.2.
Figure 5.7.2 Transcription uses the sequence of bases in a strand of DNA to make a complementary strand of mRNA. Triplets are groups of three successive nucleotide bases in DNA. Codons are complementary groups of bases in mRNA.
Transcription begins when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter sequence. This signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can “read” the bases of DNA. The two strands of DNA are named based on whether they will be used as a template for RNA or not. The strand that is used as a template is called the template strand, or can also be called the antisense strand. The sequence of bases on the opposite strand of DNA is called the non-coding or sense strand. Once the DNA has opened, and RNA polymerase has attached, the RNA polymerase moves along the DNA, adding RNA nucleotides to the growing mRNA strand. The template strand of DNA is used as to create mRNA through complementary base pairing. Once the mRNA strand is complete, and it detaches from DNA. The result is a strand of mRNA that is nearly identical to the coding strand DNA - the only difference being that DNA uses the base thymine, and the mRNA uses uracil in the place of thymine
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This lecture is a clip from the Clindamycin Part 1 - Role of Ribosomes
Complete lecture is available in the members area at: www.DrNajeebLectures.com
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