As a seasoned and retired doctor, USA can be confronted with the possibility of remaining without any president due to a sudden demise of his body. And Vance is a ridicolous substitution.
Fukuyama at 10 min mark: "Reading my old stuff is really dangerous". Does Foreign Affairs realize that Fukuyama is largely considered to be discredited among those who follow geopolitics but aren't associated with academia or think tanks? Some of his "old stuff" was so outrageously wrong
So much of the discontent comes from the ever growing income inequality. One small group lives in a grotesque world of Uber wealth while the other lives much like the serfs of the Russian past did. This is a global issue and continues to grow. People are angry. Hopeless people with nothing to lose are dangerous.
Global inequality is historically low. Income inequality in the US specifically has been decreasing since 2015. You don’t see this on social media at all since cynicism and negativity is incentivized for engagement.
As a son of a former Methodist minister from South Korea, I think the world just needs to get used to the fact that the whole world is experiencing post-western civilization.
As a European I must admit I'm very surprised that Americans talk so little about the enormous effect the 2 party system has, in my opinion. There is just so little choice! Either you vote for the extremist, or the grey, boring 'inoffensive to appeal to as many people as possible' candidate, seemingly pushed by party elites that have been at the top seemingly for ever. The fact the political system is a duopoly has not only given potential authoritarians a big wave of tribalism to ride on, it has also allowed to other side to become so complacent, they seemingly didn't feel they needed to really change their ways after Biden was elected.
But is the election of Trump not the democratic process unfolding? People were not happy so they voted in an agent of change. If that doesn't work they will vote in a new candidate... We see similar things happening across Europe. People are not very happy and are looking for change but that doesn't mean they find it with one election...its a process.
He missed a huge exogenous shock in the ongoing adjustment to how and where the public gets info/disinfo. With ML and all the access and targeting of individuals given by social media we are not learning fast enough. The western world is on the leading edge of learning how to deal with this, but politicians and the public are not equipped. Very few are.
My own country is just inches away from becoming Fascist! The land that I grew up believing was a refuge for the broken and dispossessed of the world is now comparable to the oppressive regimes that once drove people to our shores.
The Budapest Memorandum was to secure Ukraine's territorial and political sovereignty and was principally addressed to cosignatory Russia to whom Ukraine ceded its post-Soviet nuclear arsenal as the quid pro quo for reaching that agreement. Any presumption that Russia will respect any remnant of Ukraine after another "accord" is the definition of insanity: doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results. Russian aggression against Ukraine epitomizes Napoleon's observation: "“In the present state of affairs, every peace treaty means no more than a brief armistice"
29:00 Kissinger made the case in his book On Leadership that moving away from the written word as the main means of taking in information has steadily damaged the capacity for people to have convictions- thus making for poor leaders
I would have expected an academic to know that San Marino rather than the United States is the oldest democracy in the world. It has been a republic continuously since 310 AD.
Mr. Fukuyama’s description of the “illiberal” populists bears a striking resemblance to the demonstrated practice of the so-called liberal democrats in power across the west for the past 20+ years. Amazing he could be so blind during the explicit repression on display by the British PM.
Excellent short interview. 30 minutes is barely sufficient to provide details that support all of Dr. Fukuyama’s profound conclusions, but having followed his career for 3 decades, I see the validity of his opinions. The future of America’s Democratic system is at risk. Dr. Fukuyama hasn’t quite declared American democracy to be critically ill, but he is trying to set the stage for a resurgent nationally unifying pro-democracy leader to quickly emerge on the American political scene to restore confidence in American institutions and in America’s role to support emerging and endangered polity-led democracies against all anti-democratic autocracies here and globally. PS: It would be interesting if the Council on Foreign Relations hosted a panel discussion with Francis Fukuyama of Stanford and John Mearsheimer of Chicago on this topic. (I have a feeling that Dr. Mearsheimer would need to do a lot of backtracking.)
12:20 Analyses of politics today make generic "lack of trust in government and institutions" comments without realizing that the distrust is directed towards the people running those institutions, not the institutions themselves. As an example, if 2024 was about distrust in the institutions, there would be no wholesale replacement of the people within those institutions. Trust is being restored. At least from the POV of the current majority.
That is pretty much a universal experience. Ask any Canadian if they trust the Federal authorities in Ottawa, under the control of Trudeau. Like, Nobody.
merit requirements for the promotion of individuals in the federal bureaucracy. if he can say that and believe it, he has no experience in the real world and people should stop paying attention to him.
People around the world more and more hate the US and Americans. I am a retired expat in Russia. I resettled there when there were nice relationships because I couldn’t survive on my retirement paycheck within the US. All of the sudden the notice appeared in the site of the Embassy that all Americans should leave Russia and then Social Security cut off my retirement benefits. I am too old to resettle again and I have no money for that. I can only go to the street begging in a foreign country. What kind of country is it, which doesn’t honor its obligations to the citizens abusing the most vulnerable class? Trump promised to dismiss all Biden’s executive orders, but I don’t believe him. Each following president has been more evil than previous one. Evil country indeed. No wonder people in the world hate it.
Oh look, it's Francis Fukuyama, I guess he really has nothing to say at this stage? Given history ended decades ago, and the world is simply moving towards an enlightened ideal/ordeal?
Well, Putin didn’t read his book! Jokes aside, right or wrong humanity needs the likes of him for ideas which bring discussion and free-thinking, that is how we, humans, progress. Otherwise we would still be living in caves or worse.
He's wrong in saying that the US could easily push Russia back (out of Ukraine). It would take nothing less than 1-2 million experienced troops and a grinding two year war of attrition. The only solution at this point is Ukraine cedes some territory in exchange for western security guarantees.
I'm concerned about Mr. Fukuyama's analysis. He seems not to realize that in terms of "liberal democracy", democracy follows from liberalism, not the other way around. Hence his view that it is liberalism under attack and not democracy seems backwards to me. Leaving aside the details of the philosophical and historical antecedents to contemporary liberal democracy, the dependence of democracy on liberalism can be illustrated in a brutally simplified formula: one man (or citizen), one vote. The attack on liberalism in the United States is clear and nowhere better demonstrated than in the denial of women's right to abortion. This amounts to a literal denial of self-ownership, in which the bodies of women become effectively the property of the state, and thus repudiates the most essential component of (Locke's) liberalism. Charlie Kirk (if irc) recently launched a project called "Your Body, My Choice", showing the explicit aggression the movement has towards women. If one no longer "owns" oneself, what defense have we against the denial of voting rights? I think too Mr. Fukuyama seems somewhat blind to the threat of "brownshirts". He's right, I think, to point out the simplistic comparison of Trump and his cult to NAZIs is inexact at best. However, while not organized into a nationalized front, the cult clearly uses and relies on militia groups to advance its social and political goals. Mass deportation was mentioned, and as a "for instance" this is instructive: MAGA militia are already organizing to aid in identifying, rounding up, and shipping out so-called "illegals". And of course it's rather surprising that Mr. Fukuyama should fail to mention January 6th in this regard. While inexact, there is far more substance to this comparison than many otherwise careful thinkers seem to allow for.
It’s time we redefine liberalism to rename it practical realism, or practicalism, ideologies have moved over to the far extreme right ya think? Neoliberalism policies ba bye…as you defined it anyway regarding economic models. Do conventional models of Capitalism even work today? Fraternity of corrupters cower when we query such things on the web they weave. Especially when we can say, “Yes we Kahn!”, but for how much longer. “Infor turbulent times in the next four years”.
As a seasoned and retired doctor, USA can be confronted with the possibility of remaining without any president due to a sudden demise of his body. And Vance is a ridicolous substitution.
Thank you for your report.
Fukuyama at 10 min mark: "Reading my old stuff is really dangerous". Does Foreign Affairs realize that Fukuyama is largely considered to be discredited among those who follow geopolitics but aren't associated with academia or think tanks? Some of his "old stuff" was so outrageously wrong
So much of the discontent comes from the ever growing income inequality. One small group lives in a grotesque world of Uber wealth while the other lives much like the serfs of the Russian past did. This is a global issue and continues to grow. People are angry. Hopeless people with nothing to lose are dangerous.
dangerous how?
Global inequality is historically low. Income inequality in the US specifically has been decreasing since 2015. You don’t see this on social media at all since cynicism and negativity is incentivized for engagement.
Oh, global poverty is at all time lows so no, the vast majority of people are not living like the “serfs of the Russian past”.
Mavis,
Do you have any sound numbers supporting that admittedly plausible farrago of accusations?
Thoughtful and timely commentary as always. Thanks, Dan, for what you and your team do and thank you to professor Fukuyama for his insights.
history did end - - with democracy!
As a son of a former Methodist minister from South Korea, I think the world just needs to get used to the fact that the whole world is experiencing post-western civilization.
As a European I must admit I'm very surprised that Americans talk so little about the enormous effect the 2 party system has, in my opinion.
There is just so little choice! Either you vote for the extremist, or the grey, boring 'inoffensive to appeal to as many people as possible' candidate, seemingly pushed by party elites that have been at the top seemingly for ever.
The fact the political system is a duopoly has not only given potential authoritarians a big wave of tribalism to ride on, it has also allowed to other side to become so complacent, they seemingly didn't feel they needed to really change their ways after Biden was elected.
But is the election of Trump not the democratic process unfolding? People were not happy so they voted in an agent of change. If that doesn't work they will vote in a new candidate...
We see similar things happening across Europe. People are not very happy and are looking for change but that doesn't mean they find it with one election...its a process.
He missed a huge exogenous shock in the ongoing adjustment to how and where the public gets info/disinfo. With ML and all the access and targeting of individuals given by social media we are not learning fast enough. The western world is on the leading edge of learning how to deal with this, but politicians and the public are not equipped. Very few are.
So much for the end of history.
My own country is just inches away from becoming Fascist!
The land that I grew up believing was a refuge for the broken and dispossessed of the world is now comparable to the oppressive regimes that once drove people to our shores.
You're British?
France wants a refund for the Statue of Liberty!
Narcissism.
The kind of people who can’t blame hamas for perpetual war, or crushing regulations for the housing shortage always have scapegoats
Wait a minute why not fascism? What will you call it when he pardons the Jan 6 folk and they become his muscle in the social war?
The Budapest Memorandum was to secure Ukraine's territorial and political sovereignty and was principally addressed to cosignatory Russia to whom Ukraine ceded its post-Soviet nuclear arsenal as the quid pro quo for reaching that agreement. Any presumption that Russia will respect any remnant of Ukraine after another "accord" is the definition of insanity: doing the same thing over and over and expecting different results.
Russian aggression against Ukraine epitomizes Napoleon's observation: "“In the present state of affairs, every peace treaty means no more than a brief armistice"
My favorite quote from this interview is "politicians need to pay more attention to their voters"!!
Tell it like it is... lmao
Eric Fromm said it all in, "Escape From Freedom".
There was a Mussolini style "March on Rome" by trump, it was Jan 06th. "Going to be wild!" His words about the day.
Great episode, valuabe insights!
29:00 Kissinger made the case in his book On Leadership that moving away from the written word as the main means of taking in information has steadily damaged the capacity for people to have convictions- thus making for poor leaders
Dr. Fukuyama, as a Chinese I solute you
29:01 the dominance of special interests works to remove the candidates who put the country first
The United States think they want something different, but, I don’t think Trump is what they really want and time will tell…🥴
A very good interview.Thank you for your program.
I would have expected an academic to know that San Marino rather than the United States is the oldest democracy in the world. It has been a republic continuously since 310 AD.
Thanks Dr. Fukuyama for your latest analyses. I am somewhat of a fan collecting your books after having met you at Borders Books while working there.
Excellent. Thank you
RS. Canada
Thanks for this.
History didn’t end with Fukuyama, liberalism as a defendable project did.
Mr. Fukuyama’s description of the “illiberal” populists bears a striking resemblance to the demonstrated practice of the so-called liberal democrats in power across the west for the past 20+ years. Amazing he could be so blind during the explicit repression on display by the British PM.
Excellent!
EU will have to step up. Budapest memorandum failed, making agreements with Putin is a big mistake.
Putin just protect Russian interest
Just like the west has no problem attack country in the Middle East
Great interview!
always nice to Listen Prof.
Excellent short interview. 30 minutes is barely sufficient to provide details that support all of Dr. Fukuyama’s profound conclusions, but having followed his career for 3 decades, I see the validity of his opinions.
The future of America’s Democratic system is at risk. Dr. Fukuyama hasn’t quite declared American democracy to be critically ill, but he is trying to set the stage for a resurgent nationally unifying pro-democracy leader to quickly emerge on the American political scene to restore confidence in American institutions and in America’s role to support emerging and endangered polity-led democracies against all anti-democratic autocracies here and globally.
PS: It would be interesting if the Council on Foreign Relations hosted a panel discussion with Francis Fukuyama of Stanford and John Mearsheimer of Chicago on this topic.
(I have a feeling that Dr. Mearsheimer would need to do a lot of backtracking.)
🌎👍❤
Great interview. Fukuyama is underestimated, by fools mostly.
12:20 Analyses of politics today make generic "lack of trust in government and institutions" comments without realizing that the distrust is directed towards the people running those institutions, not the institutions themselves. As an example, if 2024 was about distrust in the institutions, there would be no wholesale replacement of the people within those institutions. Trust is being restored. At least from the POV of the current majority.
11:20 he describes people not trusting the government as “trumpian” I was born in 1999 and I never once trusted the government.
That is pretty much a universal experience. Ask any Canadian if they trust the Federal authorities in Ottawa, under the control of Trudeau. Like, Nobody.
big upps to frank
merit requirements for the promotion of individuals in the federal bureaucracy.
if he can say that and believe it, he has no experience in the real world and people should stop paying attention to him.
People around the world more and more hate the US and Americans. I am a retired expat in Russia. I resettled there when there were nice relationships because I couldn’t survive on my retirement paycheck within the US. All of the sudden the notice appeared in the site of the Embassy that all Americans should leave Russia and then Social Security cut off my retirement benefits. I am too old to resettle again and I have no money for that. I can only go to the street begging in a foreign country. What kind of country is it, which doesn’t honor its obligations to the citizens abusing the most vulnerable class? Trump promised to dismiss all Biden’s executive orders, but I don’t believe him. Each following president has been more evil than previous one. Evil country indeed. No wonder people in the world hate it.
Oh look, it's Francis Fukuyama, I guess he really has nothing to say at this stage? Given history ended decades ago, and the world is simply moving towards an enlightened ideal/ordeal?
Well, Putin didn’t read his book! Jokes aside, right or wrong humanity needs the likes of him for ideas which bring discussion and free-thinking, that is how we, humans, progress. Otherwise we would still be living in caves or worse.
Based on your comment, I am quite confident that your only understanding of that book is limited to its title, and you have never actually read it.
@@nzi2036sad, isn't it? I haven't read it either, but I've heard him enough that I believe I have the Cliff's Notes version understanding.
@@nzi2036 ive read the book and he's pretty spot on
we're all here listening to what he has to say.
He's wrong in saying that the US could easily push Russia back (out of Ukraine). It would take nothing less than 1-2 million experienced troops and a grinding two year war of attrition.
The only solution at this point is Ukraine cedes some territory in exchange for western security guarantees.
I'm concerned about Mr. Fukuyama's analysis. He seems not to realize that in terms of "liberal democracy", democracy follows from liberalism, not the other way around. Hence his view that it is liberalism under attack and not democracy seems backwards to me. Leaving aside the details of the philosophical and historical antecedents to contemporary liberal democracy, the dependence of democracy on liberalism can be illustrated in a brutally simplified formula: one man (or citizen), one vote. The attack on liberalism in the United States is clear and nowhere better demonstrated than in the denial of women's right to abortion. This amounts to a literal denial of self-ownership, in which the bodies of women become effectively the property of the state, and thus repudiates the most essential component of (Locke's) liberalism. Charlie Kirk (if irc) recently launched a project called "Your Body, My Choice", showing the explicit aggression the movement has towards women. If one no longer "owns" oneself, what defense have we against the denial of voting rights?
I think too Mr. Fukuyama seems somewhat blind to the threat of "brownshirts". He's right, I think, to point out the simplistic comparison of Trump and his cult to NAZIs is inexact at best. However, while not organized into a nationalized front, the cult clearly uses and relies on militia groups to advance its social and political goals. Mass deportation was mentioned, and as a "for instance" this is instructive: MAGA militia are already organizing to aid in identifying, rounding up, and shipping out so-called "illegals". And of course it's rather surprising that Mr. Fukuyama should fail to mention January 6th in this regard. While inexact, there is far more substance to this comparison than many otherwise careful thinkers seem to allow for.
surprised by the power of economic discontent to overpower support for global democracy? Seriously?
Dems really just do not get it. Keep doing what they are doing and GOP is going to run the table for 12+ years.
It’s time we redefine liberalism to rename it practical realism, or practicalism, ideologies have moved over to the far extreme right ya think?
Neoliberalism policies ba bye…as you defined it anyway regarding economic models. Do conventional models of Capitalism even work today?
Fraternity of corrupters cower when we query such things on the web they weave. Especially when we can say, “Yes we Kahn!”, but for how much longer.
“Infor turbulent times in the next four years”.
Is this mr fukyrmama