Fermi Paradox Great Filters: Rare Earth
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- Опубліковано 8 лют 2025
- As we discover thousands upon thousands of Exoplanets, will we also discover that Earth represents a rare blue jewel on which intelligent life could develop?
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Cover Art by Jakub Grygier: www.artstation...
Graphics Team:
Edward Nardella
Jarred Eagley
Justin Dixon
Katie Byrne
Misho Yordanov
Murat Mamkegh
Pierre Demet
Sergio Botero
Stefan Blandin
Script Editing:
Andy Popescu
Connor Hogan
Edward Nardella
Eustratius Graham
Gregory Leal
Jefferson Eagley
Luca de Rosa
Michael Gusevsky
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MolbOrg
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Music:
Lombus, "Cosmic Soup"
Markus Junnikkala, "A Memory of Earth"
AJ Prasad, "Aether"
Lombus, "Hydrogen Sonata"
Dan McLeod, NeptuneUK, "Mysterious Universe"
Kevin MacLeod, "Spacial Winds"
One of the best, most compelling episodes yet. It really hammers home how rare the conditions for intelligence to arise are. Bravo.
Thanks John!
For intelligent life leading to technological civilizations.
Meaning that on most habitable planets one would find
some kind of life. Maybe one full of dinosaurs
+ John
Absolutely, the conditions for development of intelligent life are awsome over here. Maybe one day it actually will develop.
John Michael Godier haha awesome! Two of my fav sci-fi guys!
Hello!
Earth IS very special and unique. No other planet has Isaac Arthur :D
Prince Hans
A Planet'll must have an Alien Isaac
Prince Hans there's quantum isaac somewhere
Steven Utter in an infinite universe there would be infinite copies of us. :)
If infinite improbability is true, then there are infinite Isaac's appearing out of nowhere into various and inconvenient situations throughout the universe.
Unless the universe is of infinite extent, in which case there would be guaranteed an infinite quantity of him.
Issac, you've already became my favorite UA-camr. I'm a 15 year old, going into sophomore year of high school, and you teach better than most, if not all of my teachers.
You're 21 now, unless you died eating a tide pod.
@@jimboscooter432tide pod death confirmed!!
Earth will always be special because it is our home. It is our small blue oasis in the vast universe.
Scientists give us a 1 in 5 chance (20%) of NOT making it to the year 2100, just 80 some years away...
Earth probably isn't the only planet of it's kind in the Galaxy let alone the Universe. Even if worlds like Earth are rare, there should be at least two dozen planets like Earth, the number should get higher when you count possible Earth like moons. Earth and the rest of the solar system my be special to us but it's probably not very unique
The Utopiano Utopioan Should be?? According to what??
All I've heard from this video and commentors, is speculation of a pre determined THEORY!! Your sitting here THEORIZING over a damn fantasy land written by some sci fi maniac. I apologise for being so blunt , but it hurts me to see so many intelligent t minds being deceived by the lies set in place. Capernacus came with a deception that has allowed tyranny to take TRILLIONS FROM US!! TRILLIONS of dollars!ars to write you a fantasy land story to fuel your brainwashing.
Think about it, did you ever research the planet theory before you began accepting that you live on a spinning ball?? No. You like me, were probably in kindergarten when you began being force fed this doctrine. We didn't have the necessary tools to investigate this, so do yourself a favor and research it NOW!
I pray that you do, because the facts aren't on the side of capernacus and NASA. It's a fact that the horizon is eye level to the observer when one reaches altitude of 3000ft or higher. It would not be so if the earth were a globe, because it would appear significantly lower in perspective.
@@ryanseitz1970 Wow, those scientists do not know what they are talking about. Than may be true for civilization, but humanity is almost guaranteed to survive to 2100 by greenhouse technology. You have to be trying very hard to make greenhouses not be capable of saving humanity in an extinction scenario
@@live4christ295 don't wanna get whoooshed so is he being sarcastic or is he super dumb
Isaac, your work is super valuable. Comparing it to those so-called documentaries one could find hosting by Tyson and the like is apples to oranges. You're contributing to the general public's awareness in a real and substantive way. I'm grateful.
Dude I absolutely love your videos. Before I found this channel (which was the day after this video was uploaded) I always got frustrated with all the various science related channels who's longest videos were 10 minutes. I love how in-depth you go into the various topics you cover and the fact that you're much more credible than most of the people teaching science on UA-cam. You're channel is a gift to the truly scientifically curious people of this site.
I absolutely love these topics, it's so in depth and deep and I would like for more people to get into it
The moon is a major filter, The only way to explain Earth's inexplicable density is the scenario in which is collided with Earth thereby dumping a lot of nickle and iron necessary for our magnetosphere.
Venus us about the same size however a bit less dense spite being "deeper in the well", and lacks a magnetosphere.
Not to mention the rarity of circular orbits and the sheer number stars that have close and often elliptical orbiting gas giants to sterilize any possible habitable zone.
Also, the moon is a helping factor in driving ocean life to become land life. Shorelines are rich in resources, creatures get trapped in rockpools and stagnant mangroves, needing to breathe air etc. Sure the sun produces tides but the moon has a stronger effect and a different period. Combining sun and moon leads to varying tide size over a predictable near monthly cycle.
Im curious if moon creation deposited some heavy elements on the land plates. Gold and other elements needed for technological civilization.
@@volkhen0 gold is nice to have but probably not necessary for high technology, other metals are about the same as conductors. The main nice thing about gold is it's both a good conductor and almost immune to corrosion. It's good for money because it's nearly impossible to fake gold because all the metals denser that gold are more expensive (with the possible exception of tungsten)
Venus probably under went large impact events of it's own. For all we know it could have had a Moon that fell back in as its orbit decayed. I think one reason for Venus's lack of magnetosphere is it's slow rotation rate.
I highly recommend creating a planet the size of earth in Universe Sandbox by throwing small rocks at big rocks. Once you're finished throwing Cereses at Moons and Ganymedes at Plutos etc, you should win some sort of prize if your test subject has an appropriate spin, density, atmo pressure, comp and orbit for life to be even slightly possible. Not sure if you can make a moon accidentally by doing this, but it's never happened to me. You can place one in orbit manually, of course, but that's cheating.
Another interesting activity in that program is to fill a solar system up with thousands of asteroids and then watch how they randomly collide to create extremely not-earths. When you've watched that simulation run for a few minutes, you immediately get how random it all is. You have no control at all beyond putting all the asteroids in there to begin with.
Just mechanically speaking the earth seems to me like a highly improbable place, and now I have "experimental data" to back it up:)
Awesome! I love your Fermi Paradox series, it's what drew me to your channel in 2015! At the time, i couldn't understand why you only had a few hundred subscribers. The quality of your work has only increased as a function of time.
You changed my views on the Fermi paradox with this video. I was so sat in it having to be one after us that I didn't take the time to see how far we've come, and all the filters we've already likely passed. It's still up in the air -- that technological barrier particularly urks me -- but combined with the feasibility of all the projects you've shown me, I think you've changed my mind. I literally cried at this video because the future of humanity is tantamount to my own personal religion: call me weird if you'd like, but that's what matters most to me, and you changing my views on what is likely has opened up a much grander future in my eyes. So thank you.
May I ask you to elaborate a little more, especially on the religion aspect?
My favorite 30 min of TV use to be Big Bang Theory , now it is Isaac Arthur, just think how much better the world would be if more people traded the few cheap laughs of a sitcom for the knowledge expansion Isaac provides us each week. Thank you Isaac and keep them coming , Mega THUMBS UP
The fact that Earthlike worlds are so rare makes me all the more grateful to share one with this channel, its contributors, and fan community.
And one more stunning impressive challenging mind boggling episode.
Good editing, perfect music at the prefect time, narration on top.
Thank you so much Isaac Arthur!!!
How does this channel not have a million subs? So much work, research, and knowledge in these videos... we appreciate it.
Awesome, just in time for me to go to bed. You tell the best bedtime stories.....or "bedtime science" I suppose you could say.
No joke i listen to his videos like every 2nd night. Even thou i can talk along some of them already haha
Judge Lazar i love when Isaccs videos come out, it means an interesting night time watch. I have binge watched all the early ones i missed, ages ago. Ive got to wait on each new one coming..... cmon Isaac. Lol
Judge Lazar Exactly this.
I totally agree. I often listen while going to sleep.
Yeah, Just think if you wake up to a bunch of Gray aliens levitating you out of bed. How astronomically improbable odds would that be! Not only that they exist, but traveled to earth and pick you to probe! Odds like that are like winning the lottery every day for a year... though I doubt it would feel as rewarding. :)
Why isn't this featured and on the front page of UA-cam? This is quality! Isaac; keep doing what you're doing! You tackle these topics and explain them so well that a lot of people can understand these subjects. I can't give you another like, so instead i'll give you a digital handshake. You are doing a tremendous job :D
Truly beautiful episode, great job as always Isaac
I can't believe this channel has been around for 2 years before I discovered it. Watched a couple of videos back-to -back and subscribed. I've come home.
Thanks Isaac, it was the Fermi paradox that originally brought me to this channel. I wanted to see how the Kepler data was effecting the paradox. So happy to have found this channel, it covers so many of the subjects I am interested in.
Happy Arthursday everyone.
I drive hundreds of miles every week. Since I discovered this channel I haven’t listened to anything else. Just all around brilliant presentation. Thank you!
Boy oh boy, this episode was great as is the norm for this channel, I was really satisfied after watching it, but then Isaac Arthur manages to hype me up a lot by announcing that next episode will feature FORCE FIELDS :)
I'm anticipating these videos even more than I anticipate weekly releases of series. This channel was the best addition to my subscription box
Here's some proposals to expand the possible number of habitable worlds for a hypothetical sentient alien species.
1). Earth-like planet with a high amount of greenhouse gases. Earth benefits from a minor greenhouse effects. Without it, the average global temperature would be below freezing. A rocky planet that might be outside the recognized habitable zone could be warmer with higher percentages of CO2, methane, and water vapor.
2). Gaian moons orbiting a large Jupiter-like world wouldn't have a problem with being tidally locked to a small red dwarf star if it was tidally-locked to its parent planet. Also, its atmosphere could be protected from solar winds by the magnetosphere of its parent planet.
I like the thinking for the second one.
Nice way to circumvent tidal locking for any world.
But the parent planet ought to be truly massive to host an at least Mars-sized object or even bigger (just to hold onto an atmophere/hydrosphere for a few ga's).
Also, that gravity well might be worse for that satellite than Juipter is for Io in terms of volcanism.
@California Atheist Titan's current thick atmosphere is more a symptom of it being rich in volatiles and rather cold.
Meaning, atmo loss rates are low and there's lots of methane/nitrogen to replenish it.
Overall, it's too cold for interesting, complex life forms to arise within a reasonable timeframe,
if the time life took on Earth is anything to go by.
Simple, maybe; intelligent, unlikely.
@California Atheist Oh, I see now.
Yeah, smaller moons will be more plentiful than bigger ones, and possibly even habitable in many regards. But still for somewhat short time, sadly.
Mars is a dead world not because of solar winds but because it's too small to stay geologically active long enough.
Even if you have a sweet spot where your parent planet rejuvinates that by tidal forces, that might be too much already.
Overall, they could work as life-harbouring worlds, but probably fail; not because of themselves, but due to other contextual things
(stellar lifetime, variability of parent star, strong solar winds stripping away volatiles, too strongly interfered with by parent planet, etc).
tl;dr Earth-like moons could work, but have no advantage over solitary planets to potentially host life in the long run.
I've had a miserable cold for the past few days, and as interesting as this topic is, the video knocked me out and gave me about half an hour of the most restful sleep I've had all week. Mr Arthur, your voice is insanely soothing. Add that to a warm puppy on a soft couch, and you've got the perfect recipe for a nap.
New Isaac Arthur video... yes!
Fermi Paradox series... double yes.
I love this channel. Lot of effort appreciate the time you must put in to bringing this to us and your unique speech has grown on me I find it soothing at night when I'm in bed drifting off to sleep. Keep it up my friend. Great job.
just finished the dystopia series you recommended. thanks allot
Wait what is the series called?
I'm also curious, which author was that?
Dantess26 same
I didn't think it was possible, but this channel is getting MORE interesting as time goes by. I was afraid Isaac would run out of material. It turns out revisiting some old topics is a recipe for success.
Happy ArThursday!
Yaya yaya! Thanks in advance for anther great vid and all your hard work in making it!!!
I can't get enough of your content. Thank you so much for your time and effort!
9:52 that noble gases illustration is some serious next-level design stuff lol
I'm a simple man. I see a Issac Arthur video I give it a like (:
Fun to see i'm not the only one :P
I am also a simple man and when I see comments about liking Isaac Arthur videos I like them.
120K... Very nice. I shared your stuff a few times with my IG family. Hope that bumped you up a bit. You've rocketed past me now. Keep up the great content.
Me and my partner watch your content together. We love the channel and she adores your voice. She looked you up on Facebook and you may want to consider a preemptive restraining order against her.
Hi. This is Isaacs lawyer. Papers are on their way!
.
.
.
.
.
(just kidding)
Ein sehr passender Name für einen Anwalt!
LMAO.. Does this not bother you, if she wants another man?
i gonne risk all and say there are even men who want him. lol
Jeffery Williams At first, I thought it was completely innocent but she printed out a bunch of pictures from his Facebook, framed them and placed them next to the doll with a cutout of his face stuck on it. I am witnessing the creation of a shrine of sorts. I've hidden her passport but it only a matter of time until she clocks on to me.
Best analysis of this subject I've ever come across. Very well done, maestro!
Best part of my week!
your clarity on each subject, is world class, understanding how things work is really easy under your tutelage 😃
2:25 Do the Orks count as "inteligent and civilised" as far as lichen goes?
Only if they form a large enough waaagh.
I don't know if I'm lichen this conversation.
I always enjoyed hiking of the Orks as a colony organism
Now we know why we havent met or heard about other aliens yet, Orks beat them lookin for a good battle.
WAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGHHH The real great filter
I rarely like videos. I especially don't simply like videos just because of my fondness of a specific UA-camr. The only way I'll like a video is if it holds my interest the entire time and I thoroughly enjoy them. In my opinion the video has to be truly outstanding to deserve a like.
That being said, I find myself hitting the like button at the end of every single one of your videos. Your videos are phenomenal and very clearly professionally made. That is why your channel is my go-to for science and futurism recommendations because your channel is the best channel for science and futurism on UA-cam. Thank you for taking the time to make these videos and please never stop making them.
This is by no means a criticism, just something which got me thinking. Would aliens living on worlds a little different from our own have a few different ideas for filters which directly contradict some assumptions you or me might draw which could leave them considering Earth as an unlikely candidate for life?
For example if an alien Issac Arthur lived on a tidally locked planet would he be saying "Whilst a non-locked planet could support life the temperature fluctuations between night and day could make it very hard for life to survive so we'll treat this as a minor filter."?
Jim Giant well, probably you're right. But then i think that Isaac assumes that our biologies are fairly similar, so his reasonin'still holds .. Of course an Arsenic-based life form would have totally different logic concerning filters
Although I think on tidally locked planets, the permanent extreme differences in temperature between night and day sides would create mega-hurricane force winds, no?
+Jim Giant yes, it's possible, but we do not assume such things because we don't know much about anything other than carbon-based life
+Yas Oum In my example the aliens could still be humanoid.
+Mike Horn Honestly I don't know. My guess would be some areas would have extremely strong winds while others would have winds no more severe than Earths. On such a planet perhaps the strong winds could have played a huge role in mixing minerals to form life though giving the aliens even more reason to assume life on a non tidally locked world is very unlikely. Maybe they're right too! I highly doubt it's the case but perhaps a planet being tidally locked makes it 50x more likely to develop life and Earth is an anomaly.
The filters Issac listed all seem valid though with the possible exception of the large moon which he addresses. When a large moon is mentioned along side an asteroid belt, jovian planet, magnetosphere, etc it all seems a bit too speculative. Every solar system will have it's interesting features and when you don't know of other life it's going to be very easy to rationalise why these interesting features must be necessities whereas aliens might draw the opposite conclusion.
+Raoul Eb silicon-based life, on the other hand, seems quite possible from what i've heard
You are some kind of genius Isaac. The world needs more people like you.
Happy Arthursday everyone!
Thanks :)
Doug Barlow too much r
We celebrate Arthamadan here please think of others before expressing your own merriment.
Hi Isaac! Just wanted to tell you how visually awesome the videos have now become. It probably costs as much as the channel now makes, so I can't thank you enough for the decision. It will help the channel to grow very quickly. Greetings from Vienna!
Would it be too disrespectful if I started referring to you as Elmer Sagan? You have a way with words that really reminds me of Carl Sagan.
I don't mean to be disrespectful. I love everything about your videos. Keep up the good work!
lol, "Elmer Sagan" :)
I just ran out of series to watch on your channel Isaac, really loving the content so far :D.
Thanks Isaac.
Every year that goes by we find earth (and us for that matter) more and more unique and un-probable. I remember Carl Segan's theory a while ago that all you needed was (1) the right size sun and (2) the right distance from that sun, and physics will take it from there. But the Earth is the easy part as far as odds go. Life, now, that's a different story.
Stephen Meyer showed a while ago that the chance assembly of just a simple 150 amino-acid protein is 1 in 10exp164 which pales in front of the available probabilistic resources of our universe 10exp139 which is the maximum number of events that could have occurred since the big bang. In other words, we are stopped dead in our tracks by a probabilistic impasse of the highest order before we have even begun assessing the geological plausibility of competing origin of life scenarios.
Personally, I prefer being special to Bill Nye's statement " we are a speck on a speck on a peck...."
BTW Discover magazine recently published an article stating that "Earth May Be a 1-in-700-Quintillion Kind of Place" That's fascinating since that's the number of planets estimated in our Universe. Discovermagazine.com By Nathaniel Scharping | February 22, 2016
Personally I think there if other life out there somewhere, I just don't think its formed by chance.
Sooooooo looking forward to the day we stumble upon some bacteria on Europa or Io. But I'm quite sure Creationists will quickly find another excuse to neglect science.
Heck, how can someone possibly be content with worshipping the god of the gaps? And mind you, I'm not even an atheist, I'm an agnostic catholic (if that is a thing). I only believe that *if* there is a god, he (or she) must be much, much greater than that.
;-) Isaac, thank you for all the work you have done and continue to do. Your series could easily be used for educational purposes in high schools for education, and even universities as teasers.
Mr Isaac Arthur; could you make an episode about the Zoo theory ?
Yes, it's in queue but not till later this year
Isaac Arthur
That's Awesome to hear !
Is it the one where we're alien overlord's big brother/love island/reality show locking participants up ?
Syfer Polski, It could be like a reality TV show. But it could also be like the corner of a compost heap. You might want nutrients for your garden but not be interested in the detailed lives of worms.
It could also be like a beer vat. If you open the vat before the yeast flavor the beer you can contaminate it and ruin the batch. Brewers sterilize their equipment before adding grains and a culture. The yeast's universe is strangely devoid of bacteria and other fungi except the ones that originated in the same corner. Most brewers do not sing to the yeast or attempt other forms of communication.
Now i want beer !
Thank you once again Mr. Arthur for all your hard work. It's so very much appreciated. Happy Arthursday!!
Everyone should watch this series once in their lives. The conversation surrounding possible alien civilizations has become so polluted with nonsense.
"Have you tried turning your sun off and on again?" Thanks for melting my brain as usual Issac! *salutes*
awesome stuff Isaac as usual, thank you for your contribution into making America Smart Again...
Trumptard Terrorizer Let's make America smart by pushing emasculation of men! Zionist agenda! Socialism! Yeah! Death of western society!
Mythic also, ain't you lost boy?? Infowars is thatta way, shill.
Thanks for blowing my mind every week!!
I would disagree the collision theory is a minor factor. If the Thea planet would not have hit Earth with a glancing blow and hit head on, earth would have broken up completely. Also this collision titled the Earth on its axis allowing seasons, without this collision earths axis would be at a 90 degree angle making seasons limited if non exsistant at all. Also the added magma and energy increased the heat and size of our core for a larger magnetic field. Also the angle of the debris allowed the moon to form and was in a extremely closer orbit causing 20-50 foot tides, this allowed plant life to form from the ocean drastically mixing with the land. No tides and the ocean would not have any or little effect on starting life on land. Also our large moon keep the seasons stable. This collision would be a major factor.
It's still hard to evaluate how useful or not it was.
However, it would be odd for the only intelligent life we know to emerge only on such a special-case while it would not have been a factor.
And the more we study this problem, the more we discover we had this AND that AND etc. going for us.
Jay Wiegs . With the exception of the axial tilt, this assumes that a planet couldn't form on its own with the necessities you outlined.
Thank you Isaac for making the incomprehensible a little easier to understand. Sure wish you'd been an instructor when I was in college.
Issac you know something... I did't notice that issue in your "r" like in your older videos, also I think a typo slipped through in your video lol
Brilliant quantitative analysis of seemingly qualitative concepts! 👍
My gf just broke up with me. This stuff cheers me up, always. Thanks Isaac.
Did she leave you for another woman?
Another great video. Can't wait for the next one. Thank you for all the time and effort you put into this.
great video as usual! but I miss some kind of intro. just a "welcome, todays topic is [whatever]" would suffice. Keep doing what you're doing, you're awesome at it.
Yeah I feel I should have dwelled longer at the beginning but I've been get poked about making those too long to, and the new habit of doing that one-to-two sentence opening then intro music has kind of changed my normal introductory style.
Hah! I loved the graphics for the different elements! Another Top Notch video!!!
It's Arthursday!
As always Isaac Very good video I enjoyed it and found it very informative! Thank you
What you do is a service. Where is your Nobel Peace prize?
What a beautiful explanation Isaac I appreciate you and your whole team as well 🤗🤗
At 15:55 there is an very incorrect animation which shows a very densely populated asteroid field. Sure looks nice, but I feel it is unfitting for such an accurate channel. Nasa does not even try to avoid asteroid belts, because the chance of a collision is so low.
An accurately portrayed asteroid field is pretty much indistinguishable from a shot of a single asteroid, or alternatively, and empty chunk of space :) Galaxies are about the only astronomical objects that you can display as more than a dot, have multiple of them in the same shot, and not be wildly inaccurate.
Isaac Arthur Not so! Ringlets around Saturn are so closely spaced that the total density of the B ring exceeds that of common houshold materials like snow or styrofoam. In fact, it probably exceeds the density of houses and buildings and most of the megastructures you talk about on this channel. The B ring is for practical purposes less like a cloud or sci-fi asteroid thicket, and more like a huge rubble pile glacier meters thin and a million kilometers long. There are larger moonlets around the edge that form a near-continuous "mountain range" kilometers tall and in direct physical contact.
With planetary rings, it is not a matter of avoiding debris. You have to avoid the entire ring. There is no armor thick enough to survive running head on into an ice sheet at mach 40, even if you hit a thinner section of ice sheet.
Peter Smythe + "There is no armour thick enough"
Do asteroids count as armour? :)
The Xeelee called from their Photinobirdless universe and they're asking why you're not just using supermassive black holes as armour.
Great video! Definitely one of my favorite topics.
You talking about plausible features of habitable Earth-like planets reminded me a bit of Artifexian. He approaches it from a worldbuilding and storytelling perspective, it's pretty interesting!
225th view. This is the square of 15. The next square should be 16 X 16, which is 256. There are 31 numbers from 225 to 256. The next square should be 17 X 17, which is 289. There are 33 numbers from 256 to 289. The next square is 18 X 18, which is 324. There are 35 numbers from 289 to 324. We are plotting n^2 - (n-1)^2 from n= 1 to infinity. We are plotting n^2 -n^2 + 2n - 1. We are plotting 2n - 1. Square will be come further and further apart until for very high numbers there will be near infinite numbers between squares. Now consider Fermat's Last Theorem a^n + b^n = c^n cannot be satisfied for n > 2. 😑😑😑😑😑😑
😵😵😵
Wat.
So the more viewers Isaac attracts, proportionately less will be "squares" Daddio ? :3
John Doe :o
Fantastic! My favorite of your works so far.
Planets have been shown to form stable orbits around binary star systems, so it's not impossible for life to form there
mbanana23456 yes. Either around both at great distance, or around one very close. It is still possible that the habitable zones don't intersect the stable regions though.
It depends a lot on distance. Some argue that the solar system is a binary system (I mean, sensible people, not the Niburu tinfoil hats), but if it is, our companion star must be very far away. In this case it's perfectly possible.
Another possibility would be a brown dwarf and a K- or G-class star, where the brown dwarf orbits the sun at a distance beyond pluto. Don't know if this would classify as a binary system, though.
What about stable habitable zone? I would imagine that habitable zones are moving in such systems.
OMG I did it! I managed to push off watching a new episode until Friday!!! time to jump down the rabbit hole!
THE SUN IS A DEADLY LASER
AlHoresmi not anymore there's a blanket
pokesearch Rare Blanket
Not any more there’s a blanket!
Happy Arthursday everyone! I can't wait till force fields next week, been looking forward to that episode since it was announced :D
i thought it was crazy to make 20 to 40 minute videos in the way you do, then I realized you use clips several times in an episode and in most episodes. you reuse them alot, which is okay if it means you can still talk for half an hour with some visuals.
Yeah, the available inventory has risen a lot in size and quality but it still tends to require reusing stuff regularly, otherwise we would need a budgets of tens of thousands of bucks per episode
Isaac, I wanted to say you should have your own TV show but that would be an insult to your content considering what TV has become.
This series is the best bit of Fermi paradox related information and discussion to date. Kudos to you my friend.
can an aqautic civilizatin become spacefaring? you have, lets call them, mermaids. they are as smart as us, build cities, have a strong society that questions the universe, but they live in the water. would it be possible for them to develope space travel? after all, even surviving on land for them, would be like surviving in the ocean for us, plus, rockets would be so much heavier, cause they would need to bring water with them and so on.
what do you think? possible?
Metallurgy would be a lot harder underwater
Justin Okraski unless it's a bi-species planet. Such as Quarren and Mon Calamari in SW. Both live on same planet
and how exactly these mermaids build tech civilization without fire?
+Dmyto Lysak You don't need fire, just source of heat, like geothermal energy. Also random breakthroughs can happen, humans discovered smelting without knowing about chemistry or the physics making it possible.
living underwater means no atmospheric oxygen, which means nobody would discover combustion, which means nobody would figure out rocket propulsion, let alone be able to implement it without being able to survive on land, let alone make all of the technological developments in between.
I just discovered your channel and I’m a bit socked! Thank you for shearing those ideas with us!!! Keep UP!!!
Surely Wave-particle duality is clear evidence of a power save mode, which points to a Simulation Hypothesis.
Kind of like draw-distance in video games?
Possibly, but an even better power-saver would be to not allow glass to be polished well enough to allow microscopes and telescopes.
Isaac Arthur Perhaps. But you don't actually have to simulate small scale events if nobody is looking at them, and conveniently, what is visible through such lenses tends to be very constrained.
Still, if anything at all points to simulation it would be the observer effect in quantum mechanics.
If the state of the universe is indeterminate when nobody is looking, then it inplies you don't have to maintain or calculate any such state for any part of the universe which isn't being observed by anyone.
That would probably save a great deal of memory and processing time, since in effect you have reduced your calculations from being proportional to scale and complexity of the universe as a whole, to being proportional to scale and complexity of what can be observed by whatever qualifies as an observer.
We cannot routinely observe even bacterial scale effects, so would they need to even exist if we are not looking at them? would we notice the difference?
Nah. The amount of information a quantum system can contain is mind-boggling.
The trouble though is that "simulation theories" are cock-loaded with assumptions about the medium the simulation runs in. There's literally no way of knowing what this might be or how the simulation's designers think, thus you can assume it has whatever characteristics you need to simulate the universe in exactly the way you observe, making it a totally unfalsifiable hypothesis. For what it's worth so too is the alternative that it's a "natural" universe: we can assume similarly about "nature" as well, what does "nature" "like" to produce versus not? What preexisting concept of "nature" are we using to compare against that's not some mental construct?
These kind of questions thus really shouldn't belong in science, they are more for philosophy and religion. Science is an empirical study, it is limited to that which is empirically given. _Specific_ "simulation" or "nature" models might be able to be tested but the general ideas, no, it cannot be ruled out because assumptions, nor can it be ruled in.
IMO simulated universe as a general idea is no better/worse than religion. Though at least nobody has figured out a way to make a violent terrorist sect out of it ... _yet yet yet_ :)
Still, the logic arguments that Nick Bostrom and Elon Musk bring up about ancestor simulations are pretty intriguing: the idea that it's cheaper to simulate a Universe than create a real one, so chances are we're living in a simulated one.
Great job on the huge upgrade to the visuals!
mercy, I have other things to do... well, they'll have to wait
Just thank you Isaac Arthur.
What a depressing notion... No one out there in our galaxy but us.
Hope we have some company out there.
I mean, I'll bet they have good wifi. Maybe they're just misunderstood!
WE have enough company of shitty people on Earth to deal with.....I dont want to have to deal with shitty aliens as well...
Derek, you never heard of Mork?
Best extraterrestrial ever!
Aren't we company enough? You act like differentiation only exists on the level of relations between entire species.
I like to think of it this way. If civilasations are extreamly rare that means we probably have all greate filters behind us. If however the rize of civilasation is very common, and still we find none, then most likely a greate filter awaits us down the road.
So in a way, the silence boads well for our future as a species.
My, , , For me Isaac, this one is particularly good. It falls in line with my area of study. Fascinating work. Thank you.
I'm curious, what do you study?
Thank you for asking! Rather than go into my spiel, I hope you don't mind me giving a few links from Wiki.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumstellar_habitable_zone
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothetical_types_of_biochemistry#Alternative-chirality_biomolecules
This is the kind of thing I think about before sleeping at night. (probably what happens to all persons that start reading SciFi at 8 years old) ;-)
"Earth, not special or unique"
*Its like a billion snowflakes cried out in terrror, and then were Triggered*
Today you won the Internet, kind Sir.
yeah... we call that an avalanche. idiot
I senced a disturbance in the religious community.
Religious people, who watch and understand Arthur, are not going to be upset.
It's like saying your car is special....Just like all the other ones on the road.
Strettger when did snowflake become an insult? It's not even a good retort "Oh, you think your unique". Even if you think they're wrong, being wrong about something isn't an insult.
Isaac Arthur gets more love from his viewers than any other channel i watch.
The audience here is pretty awesome :)
Arthursday! I'm first and I don't know what to put here. Someone do it for me?
How about: जब आप भारत को आउटसोर्स करते हैं तो आप क्या उम्मीद करते हैं?
How bout u can't b a porn star comeing that quickly
Thank you again, Arthur!
Ihr macht es euch immer zu kompliziert...
...die Chance das es leben auf einem Planeten ist 50/50,es gibt welches oder oderes keins ;)...
Aber nur in binären Sternsystemen ;P
Höhöhö.
Nimm dir 'n Internet.
Deswegen
--> intelligentes, technologisch weit fortgeschrittenes Leben
Nimm dir ' n internet???
My german has really decayed so I probably misread that, but no I don't aim to make it overly complicated, and I tend to use 50/50 because it keeps the math portion of the episode very simple.
Great analysis. I am sure that we are among the first technological civilizations emerging in the universe right now, and most likely just one of few, or even the only one in our galaxy.
excellent intro music. this channel is always evolving
This is a great video! I am an instant fan! Thank you so much for making this simple for me to get! I sometimes get lost in science but this one was really easy for me to follow. Subscribed for life, keep the amazing videos coming 🙋🏼👍
Thank you Issac for another great video!
Another video of surprises where I learn something new :)
I love your videos. Its like Home Star Runner is teaching me about space.
Just found your channel, been watching so much of your videos. Very well made! :)
ETA of the life expectancy of an civilization filter , i've been wondering for years abouth that one.
+ this is turning into the best program ever of all
hey YOU yeah you. Number the damn episodes! too many to just randomly watch!
.....and too great to miss one!
Yay, forcefields are coming! Also a great video, I believe that if we add up all the other filters out there to this, we might be able to solve the fermi paradox. But this also includes a number of great filters before us so we as a civilisation are far from safe yet. At least that is my opinion.
Nice work Isaac!
Great episode, thanks again for thurissacsday!
Great video as always.