Author's note: Since it seems to be bugging many folks, the kilogram is a stupid 'basic' unit because 'kilo-', basic units shouldn't have prefixes, it's nothing to do with metric vs imperial :) I generally feel the same way about 'centi'-grade, but you never hear someone say it's .2 Celsius today, or that a stars core is X Kilograde hot, so it bugs me less. Plus 'gram' has some other oddities, but you can look those up, actually a rather interesting history on the name.
My physics professor's reasoning was that the gram as a base unit was "too small". Here we are talking about black hole mass where if you are afraid to write those kilograms in scientific notation, you will be spending a lot of your precious time writing zeroes anyway. What would three more matter?
lol... I lost all ability to think at that moment, just laughing at the massive iron star wrapped in a carpet of tsar bombs and watching it go :) there is no gleefully evil mad scientist or 6 year old boys laugh that can fit this moment in time well enough!
*_"Even if you took iron (which cannot fuse) and packed it all into one place..."_* 5:21 Iron certainly CAN fuse. It just doesn't give off energy when it's fused. It takes more to fuse iron nuclei than is given off by the process (this is actually true of all nuclei starting with iron). This is actually what causes some types of supernovae. When a star reaches the point where its core is full of iron, it cools and contracts. Eventually the pressure is enough to crush iron nuclei together, fusing them. Unlike with lighter elements (which propped the star up with the heat of their fusion), iron fusion robs the star of its heat, accelerating the collapse.
Hello Isaac arthur . I watched several videos of you a while ago but stoped following you because I am not a native English speaker and it was hard to understand your accent, I just started watching this episode and I am very impressed the way you changed and improved your narrative speech making it crystal clear to understand now even for me. So congratulations in this improvement ,your content is really amazing.
@@cluckeryduckery261 Only here on Earth. On Uranus where all Uranians use that pronunciation there's increasing ruckus about him deliberately worsening his affliction making one of their most popular shows harder and harder to understand. TLDR careful not to neglect the anger and pain his 'treatment' causes on Uranus.
Isaac, you are among the best, not just on UA-cam, but anywhere. Thank you to you and your crew (who you kindly credit at the end of your episodes... few people seem to do that) for all your hard work over the years, and for all you’ll do in the future. Cheers!
And it reaches light speed in 5 mins? So, only about a 5 min warning for ~750 MT weapon (15 times the largest nuclear detonation, but 30,000 times lower than the K-T impact). Not planet ending, but very scary still.
@@onlypranavA 10kt black hole would give off the equivalent of an 851 MT weapon *every second*. If it were somehow used to propel a spaceship at 100,000G the ship would still never reach the speed of light, but it would reach relativistic velocities very quickly. At that point, from the perspective of someone riding the ship, the ride will last ~1 day, but from an outsider's perspective, as the ship approaches c, its evaporation rate will slow almost to a stop and the ship would travel for much much longer than 1 day. It's hard to calculate because the rate of acceleration and time-dilation both change. I think it's pretty safe to say that from a stationary perspective, the ship would appear to travel for many years, maybe someone more knowledgable than myself can take a crack at that calculation. As for the total amount of damage such a projectile could inflict: Hawking radiation is essentially a 100% efficient "conversion" of mass to energy. Assuming whatever mechanism converts the radiation into thrust is also 100% efficient, you're talking about 10,000,000 kg * c^2 total energy delivered which is about 215 Trillion tons of TNT. Surprisingly in the same order of magnitude as the K-Y impact.
Someone did. math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/Rocket/rocket.html At one G, it would take 20 years to the center of our galaxy. That is accelerate and decelerate. On earth tho, 30000 years would pass.
@@AbeDillon You are right. I messed up the energy calculation. It should actually be around 10 times the K-T impact. But the time dilation happens to the stuff moving at relativistic speeds. From a stationary point of view the object will be traveling very close to the speed of light, but from the perspective of someone on the ship the journey will be much shorter as Rok pointed out.
yup me too.After watching about 3 of Isaac's videos, I just started smashing the like button before watching the weekly uploads. I've yet to be disappointed.
Even though in typical light sci-fi fashion they do little more than pay lip service to the actual science before mutilating the concept beyond recognition.
Even though in typical light sci-fi fashion they do little more than pay lip service to the actual science before mutilating the concept beyond recognition.
@@crazyahhkmed .... Depends on how you qualify Sci-Fi! It is certainly fiction at the moment and it is also science, so .... If you want to invent new sub-sets of Sci-fi maybe you could re-coin Psycohistory? It certainly seems to fit what we are talking about in a non mathematical way!
Hey Isaac, I wanted to thank you so much for putting in the effort of including the subtitles. I love your channel but I have a hearing impairment and between that and your speed impediment it can be hard to catch what you're saying without them. Thanks for all your wonderful and hard work :)
With all the numbers that are functions of other numbers, I think a graph would've been an awesome way to get the point across. The concepts themselves were understandable, but I got a little lost in the barrage of numbers. That said, I'm a sucker for graphs so I'm pretty biased towards them. If there was a graph I missed I'd be happy to be corrected
Flying around having to refuel your blackhole drive with literally any matter sounds like a great game mechanic. And perhaps upgradeable to larger/smaller size as you change/modify your ship body, and it's the same black hole you started with. So it's kind of like a pet!
Dunno if your gonna see this, but I just had a thought: what if for laser beam drives both the emitter and ship had focused mirrors to bounce the light back and forth, in order to gain as much energy as possible from it?
That’s called photon recycling :) There are several proposed configurations that should be able to achieve it to some degree. I think it only works for lightsail propulsion though? As opposed to methods that use the laser to energise a thruster or propellant already on the ship (but I’m not an expert so I might be wrong about that).
Everytime I hear Isaac say "feed a black hole" I picture the hand of god spoon feeding a black hole while saying "Open wide for the Airplane Vrrrrroooomm Yum Yum"
Most mainstream sci-fi: Hey look, we have moon-sized fortresses and mobile planets! Other sci-fi: we have ringworlds! Issac Arthur: Hi, let's talk about the science and practicality of living on Black Holes! Mainstream sci-fi: surprised Pikachu face
@Aleksandr Ivanov Considering that don't violate physics and are mostly engineering challenges. This may be possible, not us not now but maybe someone in the future sure.
It's not practical because we know extremely little about black holes and gravity. As I'm sure we are all aware we just recently received confirmation that black holes do exist, before this we had no proof they where even real. The math suggested very heavily that yes the concept was certainly possible and it would make sense but nothing to actually show they where real. Not acting stupid here a lot of evidence showed they could and it was widely adopted as very much possible folks just accepted it as true. Beyond just now this year getting 100% confirmation that they are a thing we know nothing else, science has a funny way of always being wrong folks accept it as fact until it's proven beyond a doubt to be false and we have a very basic understanding which in all honesty could very much be wrong. On top of this we also know very little about gravity, we experience and we can all agree it's a thing but we know next to nothing about it and have nothing to even prove it's real. This may seem pointless but gravity is weird it is not consistent it is very much situation. Gravity does not effect everything the same on the sense of 1 to 1 consider this for a moment the gravity of out planet is enough to hold us it's a solid and constant force to us but how it treats other things is not constant. The same force which keeps us here is enough to hold down a building of significantly more mass, folks will assume well more mass so gravity has more to effect but at a 1 to 1 rate the building should have enough mass to break the Earth's gravity sending it into space. For some reason gravity chooses to put more force on object with more mass (I get this sounds extremely basic but we do not understand why) this same force that holds us to the surface without crushing us has enough energy to hold buildings. This is also the same amount of energy used to hold the moon in our orbit. If tomorrow gravity decided it will pull us at the same force it does a building or even the moon it would kill us (I know it can't do this) but if we where to put a circle around everything including our planet we can say this circle is the sphere at which anything inside it will be effected by it's gravitational pull. The closer you are the stronger the pull the further the weaker yet gravity chooses to effect us as if we where very far away but than act upon the moon as if it was extremely close. We have absolutely no understand how or why it does this but it does, than throw a black hole into the equations and your on the fast track to unpredictable outcomes. Everything in this video is about as "practical" as me deciding to use the singularity of a black hole for a garden. When you know nothing about a object it's not really practical and in all honesty for this to even be remotely practical we would need to be able to terraform planets and stars into resources on a galactic level.
Hey Isaac, have you talked yet about the effect of an interplanetary-scale apocalyptic event, like what happened in Orion's Arm or what almost happened several times in The Expanse?
Big thumbs up for Orion's Arm and Expanse shoutouts!! Personally I've always found the OA Project to be quite amusing and inspired as it is quite different in its approaches to storytelling and presentation, space propulsion technologies in particular...
As someone who has used metric their entire life and who utterly despises the evolved mess that is Imperial measurements, I agree that the kilogram is a stupid choice for a basic unit. Just rename it to something without a prefix! It was originally going to be called a "grav". Same root as "gravity". Then the French Revolution happened and some people didn't like how similar it sounded to the French for "Count", so we got grams and kilograms instead. Why they went for a different size instead of just a name change, I have no idea. Would have been a lot simpler. If we renamed the kilogram to the grav, I think it would be pretty easy for everyone to get used to buying 250 milligrav packets of whatever at the supermarket.
@@Rico-oz4ct no, it is true that the "-gramme" suffix is used in nouns of things that quantify others things, like "électro-encéphalogramme", which literraly means "quantification of electricity in the brain". But it's as French as it is English...
This channel really makes my world a better place. Every video is fascinating and satisfies my curiosity while at the same time expanding the scope of it. It's an endless cycle of learning in which I'm completely, hopelessly, and very happily imprisoned. So, very sincerely: Thank you, Isaac, for all that you do.
The D'deridex class Romulan Warbird has always been my favorite ship in Star Trek partly because it is powered by an artificial black hole. Besides, its the best looking ship in Trek IMHO.
I wouldn't pay too much attention to stated levels of technology in Star Trek. Spaceships always have exactly the capabilities the plot requires them to and only name-drop real futuristic concepts.
@@Nethan2000 : thats not the point....scifi is to further your imagination ( and by all love for good science in fiction ^^ ) not " only " to recite the textbooks on known real science..... and it is one of the best looking old tng models with one of the most interesting engines.....! ;)
I've missed your videos. You bring scientific information to a level where I have a chance of understanding. By the way, there are only 2 sites I will watch the sponsor ads on. Yours is one. Thank you and your volunteers for a wonderful look into the unknown.
Thank you for disseminating scientific future probabilities as someone who left school decades ago it gives me great pleasure to sit after work and watch. Thank you for the blessing professor, he who professes.
I've always loved that about his "ads", they feel like part of the video because they're actually relevant to either the topic or the production of the video. In general I'm allergic to advertising but his I [mostly] willingly watch.
"We had the industrial revolution, the atomic revolution, the information revolution, and some others. Now we're in the black hole revolution" -circa. 5720
Hey Isaac, nice video. I don't have any science background but I was thinking about something but I can't find any research on this topic because I don't know what to look for: (forgive my English) I've read something about quantum particles and that you can entangle them or something? If this is possible, isn't there a way in which one can build a device that contains a certain amount of one -paired particles stable enough to pass the event horizon of a blackhole in order to see the changes that take place with the pairs we can observe on our side?
I love your videos, this is a sci-fi sci-fantasy writers gold mine in addition to people curious about the strange and wonderful world of possibilities that may lie in humanities future. Keep up the good work, big fan!
So once your ship is going fast enough, you could funnel interstellar or intergalactic gas through the front of your ship to feed the black hole and fire the resulting energy out the back like a space ramjet. Meaning your really don't need to keep much matter on board your ship and you can accelerate basically indefinitely. Although I'm still not really sure how you make a black hole move with your ship.
The "Orion's Arm" Sci-fi project has an interesting entry for a technology called a "Hawking's Knot". They talk about tuning the mass of a black hole such that the majority of gamma rays given off as hawking radiation have so much energy that they spontaneously transmute into matter/anti-mater pairs of fermions. They speculate some fanciful field that separates the pairs and collects the anti-matter while feeding the matter back into the black hole. That way you have a means of mass-producing anti-mater. I would take that further and have fusion reactors that fuse the antimatter all the way to anti-iron. You could fabricate large spools of anti-iron cable that you use for fuel.
Just finished watching the episode. Jaw dropping. I forgot to eat my snack. Isaak once again nailed it. I am calm now because at least we know that when he becomes a president, humankind's problems will be solved and we will be at least type 2 civilization :P
That's what I get for watching when I'm tired. Apparently, I got confused about everything, or maybe the other thing happened. Sorry to bug you. Best channel.
Though he usually stays away from the implications of any given subject and more focuses on the science and practical applications of the subject matter rather than the implications so, you won't find much in depth discussion of it in the videos. The comment section is usually better for that :) get some discussions going
Like in The Odyssey One Books. There the ships use 2 Micro singularities that are just kinda stable to create the ships Artificial Gravity and are manipulated to create Warpdrives by shifting the Fields and the make good Reactionless drives (in the books). Funny enough that makes them Type one civilizations in their own right, as the Mass of fuel needed to keep a microsingularity up is in the planitary scale.
Polkamon I’ve watched every episode at least four times. UA-cam cut off my auto- play because I just let Isaac’s videos play all of the time, even to fall asleep.
With time dilation being one of the major concerns regarding interstellar travel would it be possible to use the gravitational time dilation of the black hole powering the ship to offset or cancel out the time dilation factor caused by achieving relativistic speeds?
4:50 For those struggling to see the relevance of the image presented, remember that cats are legendary as black holes for your affection. Sure, if they want something from you, or they feel like it, you'll get a leg rub, but for the most part, it'll be an iron star's age before you get real affection from that cat. 😀
Because 1000 kg is a megagram [Mg] (not a kilokilogram [kkg]), and 0.001 kg is a gram [g], not a milikilogram [mkg]. Basically, the wording is as if gram is the basic unit.
@@ariaden The kilogram unit did almost end up being called the gram. And IMO it would be nice if milligram felt like a similar size unit to a millimeter.
danstormer Pro tip: Start with the first episode and watch every single one. This is brain food that you don’t want to miss. And you can observe Isaac’s speech issue disappear, which greatly impresses me. Doing that as an adult is Clark Tech.
Hej Isaac, What do you think of This new Chinese Movie (The Wandering Earth 2019) where they made the Earth move out of the Solar System to the Alpha Centauri with huge fusion powered thrusters.
I wondered upon your channel a few weeks ago and have caught myself wacthing at least 2 videos from you a day. I love thinking about all these things very interesting discussions and topics helps keep my mind hungry thank you aurthur! Subbed and liked sharing with my colleagues *edit keep up the great work I look forward to the next upload!
Hey Isaac, have you talked yet about the possibility of colonising planetary rings, such as those around Saturn? I imagine it'd be easier to build an orbital ring there since all the raw material is already there.
Something tells me he's gonna mention it in the black hole colonizing episode. I personally watched videos by other people explaining the concept, so don't care about hearing it again from IA.
Nethan2000 everything Isaac talks about is covered by various other places. None of it is new. Issac’s perspective on these concepts is what makes listening to them interesting. There’s nothing really “new” in any of the videos. But I don’t think most people that watch, are here to learn something new. I’d like to think most of his viewer have a pretty good grasp on these topics already. I understand your point, but if he avoided all content that hasn’t been covered before, he would have no content.
You mentioned using bosons when making black holes because they are not affected by the pauli exclusion principle. Isn't Helium 4 a boson? That's why it can form a superfluid at relatively high temperatures. Would that help the process? A boson that we can get a lot of and that also doesn't travel at light speed.
Yes, the kilogram is a stupid basic unit. It is by definition a multiple of grams, yet somehow it's not the gram but the kilogram that's supposed to be the base unit. It makes no sense.
Remember: Black Holes Don't Suck. You have to _fall_ into the hole. They're actually a bottomless-pit. Are long as you don't jump over the edge - the event horizon - you can just walk right past it and away from it.
I don't know for sure why but Black Holes are Terrifying to me. That they have an area, the Event Horizon, that if once reached can never be escaped. At least as far as I know, may have something to do with it or it could just be my ignorance on the subject...
In James P. Hogan's Giants series, they used black holes as an artificial gravity well to continually "fall" towards as a means of infinite acceleration.
Author's note: Since it seems to be bugging many folks, the kilogram is a stupid 'basic' unit because 'kilo-', basic units shouldn't have prefixes, it's nothing to do with metric vs imperial :) I generally feel the same way about 'centi'-grade, but you never hear someone say it's .2 Celsius today, or that a stars core is X Kilograde hot, so it bugs me less. Plus 'gram' has some other oddities, but you can look those up, actually a rather interesting history on the name.
Calling something a basic unit, when it has a prefix is silly, as it implies the unit without the prefix should be the basic one!
My physics professor's reasoning was that the gram as a base unit was "too small". Here we are talking about black hole mass where if you are afraid to write those kilograms in scientific notation, you will be spending a lot of your precious time writing zeroes anyway. What would three more matter?
gram is the basic unit... if you do chemistry
Isaac Arthur: kilogram isn’t the base unit. That is a gram!
@@NGCAnderopolis the basic unit is actually the gram; not the kilogram. Does it make sense now?
*Making a black hole*
"Gather a massive ball of iron, wrap that sucker in H-bombs and implode it."
This is the quality content I come here for.
lol... I lost all ability to think at that moment, just laughing at the massive iron star wrapped in a carpet of tsar bombs and watching it go :) there is no gleefully evil mad scientist or 6 year old boys laugh that can fit this moment in time well enough!
reverse trinity
@J Potter - Sounds like the name of a really good band.
Well said, lol!
SCIENCE !! 😳😧🤪🧪 💥
What do you call an attack using weaponized black holes? A kugelblitzkrieg. :D
Now that's what I call a quality comment
ha ha
A Larry Niven story had a character do that:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Borderland_of_Sol
Doom
@Mr Purple Funnel the kugelblitz through one or multiple exits and boom...
Instant propulsion or a devastating weapon
Even after watching so many of these videos, the sheer audacity of the topics discussed still stuns me.
the cynical reply is obvious: easy(ier) to talk about it. harder to do it. -_-
Like Relativistic Kill Staples
Go big or stay home
*_"Even if you took iron (which cannot fuse) and packed it all into one place..."_* 5:21
Iron certainly CAN fuse. It just doesn't give off energy when it's fused. It takes more to fuse iron nuclei than is given off by the process (this is actually true of all nuclei starting with iron). This is actually what causes some types of supernovae. When a star reaches the point where its core is full of iron, it cools and contracts. Eventually the pressure is enough to crush iron nuclei together, fusing them. Unlike with lighter elements (which propped the star up with the heat of their fusion), iron fusion robs the star of its heat, accelerating the collapse.
A black hole as a battery. Wow, that really lured me in. Can you imagine changing your black hole so you can drill more holes?
dont think youd need to unless you just drilled a solar system away lol
Oh shoot my drill has broken and now i got powerful gamma ray bursts evaporating my house, what do i do? I can't see it it's smaller than an atom
I thought you drilled holes to charge your black hole.
Hello Isaac arthur . I watched several videos of you a while ago but stoped following you because I am not a native English speaker and it was hard to understand your accent, I just started watching this episode and I am very impressed the way you changed and improved your narrative speech making it crystal clear to understand now even for me.
So congratulations in this improvement ,your content is really amazing.
there's always subtitles to help you!
It's not an accent. It's a speech impediment. And yes, he has greatly improved on it 👍
@@cluckeryduckery261 Only here on Earth. On Uranus where all Uranians use that pronunciation there's increasing ruckus about him deliberately worsening his affliction making one of their most popular shows harder and harder to understand.
TLDR careful not to neglect the anger and pain his 'treatment' causes on Uranus.
@@nommy8599 Around Uranus, all they think about is black holes and dirty terrestrial planet jokes.
@@cadkls You're being immature.
"not to mention power a civilization, or vaporize one nearby"
Ah the decisions I would make if I were in charge eh Isaac?
🤣
That moment when lasers are considered old school.
What about it?
@@nommy8599 you know that you are living in some hardcore sci fi
The first laser was in 1960... For many people, that's old school.
@Jonathan Stiles like when Cmdr. Riker said, "L-lasers?", as if saying, "Oh, how cute."
@@chrisschembari2486
Commander, lower our shields, in case we decided to surrender.
Isaac, you are among the best, not just on UA-cam, but anywhere. Thank you to you and your crew (who you kindly credit at the end of your episodes... few people seem to do that) for all your hard work over the years, and for all you’ll do in the future. Cheers!
100,000G acceleration on a 10kt mass black hole that'll survive a day.
Sounds like a very effective planet killing missile.
Not by itself i think.
And it reaches light speed in 5 mins? So, only about a 5 min warning for ~750 MT weapon (15 times the largest nuclear detonation, but 30,000 times lower than the K-T impact).
Not planet ending, but very scary still.
@@onlypranavA 10kt black hole would give off the equivalent of an 851 MT weapon *every second*. If it were somehow used to propel a spaceship at 100,000G the ship would still never reach the speed of light, but it would reach relativistic velocities very quickly. At that point, from the perspective of someone riding the ship, the ride will last ~1 day, but from an outsider's perspective, as the ship approaches c, its evaporation rate will slow almost to a stop and the ship would travel for much much longer than 1 day. It's hard to calculate because the rate of acceleration and time-dilation both change. I think it's pretty safe to say that from a stationary perspective, the ship would appear to travel for many years, maybe someone more knowledgable than myself can take a crack at that calculation.
As for the total amount of damage such a projectile could inflict: Hawking radiation is essentially a 100% efficient "conversion" of mass to energy. Assuming whatever mechanism converts the radiation into thrust is also 100% efficient, you're talking about 10,000,000 kg * c^2 total energy delivered which is about 215 Trillion tons of TNT. Surprisingly in the same order of magnitude as the K-Y impact.
Someone did.
math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/Rocket/rocket.html
At one G, it would take 20 years to the center of our galaxy. That is accelerate and decelerate. On earth tho, 30000 years would pass.
@@AbeDillon You are right. I messed up the energy calculation. It should actually be around 10 times the K-T impact.
But the time dilation happens to the stuff moving at relativistic speeds. From a stationary point of view the object will be traveling very close to the speed of light, but from the perspective of someone on the ship the journey will be much shorter as Rok pointed out.
love that every human being has an event horizon, even if it's less than a neutrino across
12 Views, 12 likes. Yes, we all like before even watching.
In the extremely unlikely event that an Isaac Arthur episode disappoints I can always remove my like, I have not had to do that yet tho.
Yep guilty of that haha...before ive even read the title sometimes
This is the only channel I do that on because I KNOW for a fact that I will like it.
yup me too.After watching about 3 of Isaac's videos, I just started smashing the like button before watching the weekly uploads.
I've yet to be disappointed.
Remember when History Channel used to have quality content like this? It's been ages. You're the hero we don't deserve...
The Romulans from Star Trek and the Minbari from Babylon 5 liked this video
Even though in typical light sci-fi fashion they do little more than pay lip service to the actual science before mutilating the concept beyond recognition.
Even though in typical light sci-fi fashion they do little more than pay lip service to the actual science before mutilating the concept beyond recognition.
@@DrewLSsix You can say that again. ;)
I thought the Minbari used fusion.
And Alicia DeVries and Megaera approve.
You are freaking killing it isaac. Seems like higher volume of videos but probably still one a week. Killing it. Love ya man
8.3k views in 2 hours on a Thursday morning. I think SFIA's accretion disk is growing.
"Weaponising black holes"
Can't imagine why. Pretty sure there some OGA views in the video lol
Hot darn. My brother-in-law recommended that I check your channel out. First few minutes, I was hooked. Thank you for being here.
I just pulled over to watch this video that's how much I appreciate this channel
I just got pulled over by cops while watching this video, now they're watching it too
dainos 7_';0;'_1 Dude you made my day ! 😂
Wow! I was online when this dropped! (I don't live in America so I'm in a different time zone) Hello from Australia!
Same here! Kia Ora from New Zealand...
Hola from Sydney
I was online too altought I’am from Finland
G’day from Brisbane
me too Lismore NSW
It is always a treat to hear an adult discussion on Sci-fi! Helps streatch the Grey Stuff. Thanks!
It's not sci fi. It's science and futurism. At most it approaches the edge of known science.
@@crazyahhkmed .... Depends on how you qualify Sci-Fi! It is certainly fiction at the moment and it is also science, so ....
If you want to invent new sub-sets of Sci-fi maybe you could re-coin Psycohistory? It certainly seems to fit what we are talking about in a non mathematical way!
13:20 I love how Isaac is famous enough to basically just go: "I dub thee, quasar drive" And everyone is just like "Yep, that is it's name now".
Hey Isaac, I wanted to thank you so much for putting in the effort of including the subtitles. I love your channel but I have a hearing impairment and between that and your speed impediment it can be hard to catch what you're saying without them. Thanks for all your wonderful and hard work :)
Holy cow it’s Arthusday already ‽ where has the week gone!
I would highly recommend checking your house for any hidden black holes. Sounds like you experienced time dilation.
🕳
With all the numbers that are functions of other numbers, I think a graph would've been an awesome way to get the point across.
The concepts themselves were understandable, but I got a little lost in the barrage of numbers.
That said, I'm a sucker for graphs so I'm pretty biased towards them. If there was a graph I missed I'd be happy to be corrected
Flying around having to refuel your blackhole drive with literally any matter sounds like a great game mechanic. And perhaps upgradeable to larger/smaller size as you change/modify your ship body, and it's the same black hole you started with. So it's kind of like a pet!
To bad physics just shot the whole concept down.
Dunno if your gonna see this, but I just had a thought: what if for laser beam drives both the emitter and ship had focused mirrors to bounce the light back and forth, in order to gain as much energy as possible from it?
That’s called photon recycling :) There are several proposed configurations that should be able to achieve it to some degree. I think it only works for lightsail propulsion though? As opposed to methods that use the laser to energise a thruster or propellant already on the ship (but I’m not an expert so I might be wrong about that).
Everytime I hear Isaac say "feed a black hole" I picture the hand of god spoon feeding a black hole while saying "Open wide for the Airplane Vrrrrroooomm Yum Yum"
Most mainstream sci-fi: Hey look, we have moon-sized fortresses and mobile planets!
Other sci-fi: we have ringworlds!
Issac Arthur: Hi, let's talk about the science and practicality of living on Black Holes!
Mainstream sci-fi: surprised Pikachu face
You forgot about mega-dyson swarm made out of stars, and blowing up stars cause it's fun.
@@megumin6548 And the relocation of superclusters because we'd be too lazy to deal with the expansion of the universe
@Aleksandr Ivanov indeed, it's fiction that is closer to real physics, which makes it more interesting to us who watch these
@Aleksandr Ivanov Considering that don't violate physics and are mostly engineering challenges. This may be possible, not us not now but maybe someone in the future sure.
It's not practical because we know extremely little about black holes and gravity. As I'm sure we are all aware we just recently received confirmation that black holes do exist, before this we had no proof they where even real. The math suggested very heavily that yes the concept was certainly possible and it would make sense but nothing to actually show they where real.
Not acting stupid here a lot of evidence showed they could and it was widely adopted as very much possible folks just accepted it as true. Beyond just now this year getting 100% confirmation that they are a thing we know nothing else, science has a funny way of always being wrong folks accept it as fact until it's proven beyond a doubt to be false and we have a very basic understanding which in all honesty could very much be wrong.
On top of this we also know very little about gravity, we experience and we can all agree it's a thing but we know next to nothing about it and have nothing to even prove it's real. This may seem pointless but gravity is weird it is not consistent it is very much situation. Gravity does not effect everything the same on the sense of 1 to 1 consider this for a moment the gravity of out planet is enough to hold us it's a solid and constant force to us but how it treats other things is not constant. The same force which keeps us here is enough to hold down a building of significantly more mass, folks will assume well more mass so gravity has more to effect but at a 1 to 1 rate the building should have enough mass to break the Earth's gravity sending it into space.
For some reason gravity chooses to put more force on object with more mass (I get this sounds extremely basic but we do not understand why) this same force that holds us to the surface without crushing us has enough energy to hold buildings. This is also the same amount of energy used to hold the moon in our orbit.
If tomorrow gravity decided it will pull us at the same force it does a building or even the moon it would kill us (I know it can't do this) but if we where to put a circle around everything including our planet we can say this circle is the sphere at which anything inside it will be effected by it's gravitational pull. The closer you are the stronger the pull the further the weaker yet gravity chooses to effect us as if we where very far away but than act upon the moon as if it was extremely close.
We have absolutely no understand how or why it does this but it does, than throw a black hole into the equations and your on the fast track to unpredictable outcomes.
Everything in this video is about as "practical" as me deciding to use the singularity of a black hole for a garden. When you know nothing about a object it's not really practical and in all honesty for this to even be remotely practical we would need to be able to terraform planets and stars into resources on a galactic level.
the spherical implosion of an iron body by H bomb would be awesome to watch (from a safe distance), even if it failed and didn't make a black hole.
I can barely fix an automotive engine, and he's talking about being able to 'throttle" a black hole. I'm in awe.
Hey Isaac, have you talked yet about the effect of an interplanetary-scale apocalyptic event, like what happened in Orion's Arm or what almost happened several times in The Expanse?
Chris Gaming bastard, I’m on the second book right now
@@SolSystemDiplomat the third is the best IMO
Volcryn Darkstar I watch about half the first season and was like... this gotta be a good read... and put down the tv show
@@SolSystemDiplomat Both are excellent. But yes, a great read.
Big thumbs up for Orion's Arm and Expanse shoutouts!!
Personally I've always found the OA Project to be quite amusing and inspired as it is quite different in its approaches to storytelling and presentation, space propulsion technologies in particular...
Daaaaaaamn Isaac throwing shade on the kilogram.
The last video on saturday left me thinking it was thursday!
You're going to show me how to weaponize a black hole on my birthday? Best. Present. Ever. Of all time.
*BLACK HOLE SHIP, WON'T YOU COME*
my favorite soundgarden song :)
@@isaacarthurSFIA so it has a... singularly strong pull on you?
Peter Frampton as guest guitarist :-)
I like black hole ship more than black hole sun, makes more sense now.
As someone who has used metric their entire life and who utterly despises the evolved mess that is Imperial measurements, I agree that the kilogram is a stupid choice for a basic unit. Just rename it to something without a prefix!
It was originally going to be called a "grav". Same root as "gravity". Then the French Revolution happened and some people didn't like how similar it sounded to the French for "Count", so we got grams and kilograms instead. Why they went for a different size instead of just a name change, I have no idea. Would have been a lot simpler.
If we renamed the kilogram to the grav, I think it would be pretty easy for everyone to get used to buying 250 milligrav packets of whatever at the supermarket.
Lmao where do you learn this stuff 😭
Now I have more history digging to get through :) LOL gotta love those little bits and pieces of the uncommon knowledge, fun stuff, fun stuff
The French for "count" is "compte". What was the original name ?
@@Hepad_ maybe he means german „Graf“ = Count
@@Rico-oz4ct no, it is true that the "-gramme" suffix is used in nouns of things that quantify others things, like "électro-encéphalogramme", which literraly means "quantification of electricity in the brain". But it's as French as it is English...
This channel really makes my world a better place. Every video is fascinating and satisfies my curiosity while at the same time expanding the scope of it. It's an endless cycle of learning in which I'm completely, hopelessly, and very happily imprisoned. So, very sincerely: Thank you, Isaac, for all that you do.
The D'deridex class Romulan Warbird has always been my favorite ship in Star Trek partly because it is powered by an artificial black hole. Besides, its the best looking ship in Trek IMHO.
I looks pretty good, but I personally prefer the Defiant
I wouldn't pay too much attention to stated levels of technology in Star Trek. Spaceships always have exactly the capabilities the plot requires them to and only name-drop real futuristic concepts.
rotaryfreak3
“Forced Quantum Singularity”.
Probably a Kugelblitz (sp?).
@@Nethan2000 : thats not the point....scifi is to further your imagination ( and by all love for good science in fiction ^^ )
not " only " to recite the textbooks on known real science.....
and it is one of the best looking old tng models with one of the most interesting engines.....! ;)
I've missed your videos. You bring scientific information to a level where I have a chance of understanding.
By the way, there are only 2 sites I will watch the sponsor ads on. Yours is one. Thank you and your volunteers for a wonderful look into the unknown.
I ought to tell my physics teacher to have a look at your channel, he'd definitely love this kind of stuff!
Thank you for disseminating scientific future probabilities as someone who left school decades ago it gives me great pleasure to sit after work and watch. Thank you for the blessing professor, he who professes.
Best use of time to pass my lunch break today
Happy Arthur's Day!
I always found it fascinating how the TARDIS has "star frozen forever collapsing into a blackhole" as it's engine and heart.
Always amazing, mind blowing-content. Excited for the next video.
Perfect content to listen to on the way to work!
Super slick thank you shout out to sponsor message transition, your videos just keep getting better. 👍👏👏
I've always loved that about his "ads", they feel like part of the video because they're actually relevant to either the topic or the production of the video. In general I'm allergic to advertising but his I [mostly] willingly watch.
Can’t describe how amazing this channel is
It’s a bless to find you
problem?
"We had the industrial revolution, the atomic revolution, the information revolution, and some others. Now we're in the black hole revolution"
-circa. 5720
Hey Isaac, nice video. I don't have any science background but I was thinking about something but I can't find any research on this topic because I don't know what to look for: (forgive my English)
I've read something about quantum particles and that you can entangle them or something? If this is possible, isn't there a way in which one can build a device that contains a certain amount of one -paired particles stable enough to pass the event horizon of a blackhole in order to see the changes that take place with the pairs we can observe on our side?
I love your videos, this is a sci-fi sci-fantasy writers gold mine in addition to people curious about the strange and wonderful world of possibilities that may lie in humanities future. Keep up the good work, big fan!
So once your ship is going fast enough, you could funnel interstellar or intergalactic gas through the front of your ship to feed the black hole and fire the resulting energy out the back like a space ramjet. Meaning your really don't need to keep much matter on board your ship and you can accelerate basically indefinitely. Although I'm still not really sure how you make a black hole move with your ship.
Trap the black hole in magnets.
The "Orion's Arm" Sci-fi project has an interesting entry for a technology called a "Hawking's Knot". They talk about tuning the mass of a black hole such that the majority of gamma rays given off as hawking radiation have so much energy that they spontaneously transmute into matter/anti-mater pairs of fermions. They speculate some fanciful field that separates the pairs and collects the anti-matter while feeding the matter back into the black hole. That way you have a means of mass-producing anti-mater.
I would take that further and have fusion reactors that fuse the antimatter all the way to anti-iron. You could fabricate large spools of anti-iron cable that you use for fuel.
Wait a week and, as always, Isaac shall deliver amazing content :)
And sometimes, you don't even have to wait a whole week. :D
Today with Isaac Arthur: All the fun things you can do with the scariest things in the universe.
The scariest thing in the universe is someone from the government intent on "helping" you.
@@calvingreene90 Yep
Just finished watching the episode. Jaw dropping. I forgot to eat my snack. Isaak once again nailed it. I am calm now because at least we know that when he becomes a president, humankind's problems will be solved and we will be at least type 2 civilization :P
That's what I get for watching when I'm tired. Apparently, I got confused about everything, or maybe the other thing happened. Sorry to bug you. Best channel.
Getting my snacks ASAP!
Hey Isaac, have you talked about the implications of genetically-engineered humans or human-animal hybrids?
Yeah, he has, in genetic engineering and bio forming
Yes he has. The uplifting series
Though he usually stays away from the implications of any given subject and more focuses on the science and practical applications of the subject matter rather than the implications so, you won't find much in depth discussion of it in the videos. The comment section is usually better for that :) get some discussions going
Ah, yes. The Internet holds its thumbs for genetically engineered catgirls.
Like in The Odyssey One Books. There the ships use 2 Micro singularities that are just kinda stable to create the ships Artificial Gravity and are manipulated to create Warpdrives by shifting the Fields and the make good Reactionless drives (in the books).
Funny enough that makes them Type one civilizations in their own right, as the Mass of fuel needed to keep a microsingularity up is in the planitary scale.
A ping woke me up. Usually they are to be ignored, but it's good to be reminded that it's Thursday. Thanks, Isaac Arthur. :)
I was really moved by "it's really energy, not mass, that matters for gravity"
I''m so glad I stumbled onto this channel a while ago. Please keep up the good work!
another nice episode as always bro
My current a favorite channel on UA-cam.
Polkamon
I’ve watched every episode at least four times. UA-cam cut off my auto- play because I just let Isaac’s videos play all of the time, even to fall asleep.
With time dilation being one of the major concerns regarding interstellar travel would it be possible to use the gravitational time dilation of the black hole powering the ship to offset or cancel out the time dilation factor caused by achieving relativistic speeds?
uhh don't strong gravitational curvature and relativistic speeds have the same effect? Wouldn't they stack?
Why would reduced subjective time be a bad thing for the crew?
4:50 For those struggling to see the relevance of the image presented, remember that cats are legendary as black holes for your affection. Sure, if they want something from you, or they feel like it, you'll get a leg rub, but for the most part, it'll be an iron star's age before you get real affection from that cat. 😀
18:14 Boy, that escalated quickly...
After hours and hours and hours of watching your videos, today when you insulted the kilogram was the first time I've been upset.
nice video! greetings from germany and one question: why do you think, kilogram is a bad basic unit? just curious :-)
Because 1000 kg is a megagram [Mg] (not a kilokilogram [kkg]), and 0.001 kg is a gram [g], not a milikilogram [mkg].
Basically, the wording is as if gram is the basic unit.
@@ariaden the gram is the basic UOM for weight though, same as the meter. 1000 meters = 1 kilometer, 1000 grams = 1 kilogram
@@ariaden The kilogram unit did almost end up being called the gram. And IMO it would be nice if milligram felt like a similar size unit to a millimeter.
Just discovered this channel and I'm absolutely enthralled. Brilliant 👏
danstormer
Pro tip: Start with the first episode and watch every single one. This is brain food that you don’t want to miss.
And you can observe Isaac’s speech issue disappear, which greatly impresses me. Doing that as an adult is Clark Tech.
@@makeracistsafraidagain Thanks. I've been through a fair few already, but many more to go!
Hej Isaac, What do you think of This new Chinese Movie (The Wandering Earth 2019) where they made the Earth move out of the Solar System to the Alpha Centauri with huge fusion powered thrusters.
I wish they'd called it The Wandering Planet, because planet is the Greek word for wanderer.
@@jg5qy312 * ...and not all who wander are lost...*
@@jimivory669 ... The old that is strong does not wither, deep roots are not reached by the frost...
I wondered upon your channel a few weeks ago and have caught myself wacthing at least 2 videos from you a day. I love thinking about all these things very interesting discussions and topics helps keep my mind hungry thank you aurthur! Subbed and liked sharing with my colleagues *edit keep up the great work I look forward to the next upload!
Hey Isaac, have you talked yet about the possibility of colonising planetary rings, such as those around Saturn? I imagine it'd be easier to build an orbital ring there since all the raw material is already there.
It will be coming up in a couple months, though from a different angle
Loved the shoutout to PBS Spacetime
If a black hole ship would crash into a planet or star, would it not eat the evidence?
This dude just made me smarter just by listening to him explain something to me in a different way.
"double the mass, double the width...……. *looks around*……. double the FUN! DOUBLE MINT BUBBLE GUM!!!!!"
lol
Just by remembering that we are showing our age ya know? lol
"Double the gun,
Double the fun"
-Sam "Serious" Stone
Smoothest transition to sponsor endorsement I’ve seen in a long time.
I’d like to see a vid containing your thoughts on the halo drive.
Something tells me he's gonna mention it in the black hole colonizing episode. I personally watched videos by other people explaining the concept, so don't care about hearing it again from IA.
Nethan2000 everything Isaac talks about is covered by various other places. None of it is new. Issac’s perspective on these concepts is what makes listening to them interesting. There’s nothing really “new” in any of the videos. But I don’t think most people that watch, are here to learn something new. I’d like to think most of his viewer have a pretty good grasp on these topics already. I understand your point, but if he avoided all content that hasn’t been covered before, he would have no content.
You mentioned using bosons when making black holes because they are not affected by the pauli exclusion principle. Isn't Helium 4 a boson? That's why it can form a superfluid at relatively high temperatures. Would that help the process? A boson that we can get a lot of and that also doesn't travel at light speed.
Yes, the kilogram is a stupid basic unit. It is by definition a multiple of grams, yet somehow it's not the gram but the kilogram that's supposed to be the base unit. It makes no sense.
Let it be noted, that some quotes in this video CAN be taken out of context and they CAN be hella funny.
Happy Arthursday!
Homeboy shouts out his editors. Need more UA-camrs like this. Please send now.
25:50: "Plus, I think the kilogram is a stupid basic unit" Lol, favorite Isaac quote so far
Mike Jones funny, because the basic unit is clearly the gram, since kilo-gram is a thousand grams...
Remember: Black Holes Don't Suck. You have to _fall_ into the hole.
They're actually a bottomless-pit. Are long as you don't jump over the edge - the event horizon - you can just walk right past it and away from it.
A spinning ingot of black hole supermaterial could be thrust-athon
Your intros never fail to give me goose bumps.
The first black hole ship should be called the "Thumbnail Pending”.
:) UA-cam and various social media that embed it tend to be really slow and bizarre about updating those sometimes
I don't know for sure why but Black Holes are Terrifying to me.
That they have an area, the Event Horizon, that if once reached can never be escaped.
At least as far as I know, may have something to do with it or it could just be my ignorance on the subject...
Small black holes sound like what ”space racers” would use to go faster, their own nitro.
Iron *_can_* fuse, it just takes more energy to do so than the reaction gives off, which is why it is the end of the road for massive stars.
what are your thoughts on strange/exotic matter engines
Luke Connor isn't strange matter absurdly dangerous? Like even more so than antimatter.
Yes, effectively it is extraordinarily dangerous, but theoretically it could be contained within a strong enough energy field.
Wow i never realised all these graphics were done in house, i always thought it was just generic stock footage that looked unusually high quality.
So does this mean there is the possibility of building The Event Horizon? Can we get Sam Neil on board?
Gotta figure out how to avoid bringing demons from another dimension back after the warp travel!
@@NefariousKoel They're called Gellar Fields.
Ah yes the black hole ships! I just love these videos where we explore theories that end up with you not needing eyes to see your destination.
This is why we use Gellar Fields, ladies and gentlemen.
You are forgetting to mention that little problem with singularities. A GRB that comes with it every now and then.
By which mechanism?
@@Lakrinir I am so not in the mood to explain, here read this en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-ray_burst
@@itslivefromdc That results from the hypernova during the natural collapse of a massive star to a black hole, not from a normal black hole.
In James P. Hogan's Giants series, they used black holes as an artificial gravity well to continually "fall" towards as a means of infinite acceleration.