Here's one more trick.....if the central atom of the attached group has a lone pair it is ortho para directing but if it has a pi bond then it is a meta directing 😅 hope it helps 😊
I have my final exam this week for Organic Chemistry II, and this saved me . I usually need a reason why things happen in order to learn them correctly or for it to stick, and this clicked for me pretty fast! Certainly easier to remember than 15+ substituents.
I was unable to understand these things before watching this video... And you made it such a way... Wow i don't have words to express how i feel now!!! Thank you so much!!!❤
OMG thank you so much!!! This helped me so much. 5 minutes ago I was so lost on how to do this, you made it so simple and easy to understand. TY for just helping me save my exam today lol
I am so glad this ortho-meta-para trick works every time for you! It is something I figured out while helping DAT and MCAT students, recognizing that memorizing doesn't always help us remember things... haha..., and since it helped them every time, I thought I'd share it on UA-cam. Thanks for watching!
Simply brilliant! Ive seen many Chemistry Olympiad/ IIT JEE coaches in India actually give a more circuitous explanation on this. Thank you for your insights, I hope you keep sharing them with us!
Thank you for your much appreciated feedback!! I am working on sharing more insights... your feedback encourages me you work faster at it... lol. Thank You! 💟
My professor never taught me this. I have my final exam tomorrow and I have tons of things to study, this made me way easier to learn this topic since I don't have so much time to memorise and remember so many things. Thank you so much!
I am so glad this helped you! What's worse about trying to memorize all these molecules is that we can still have blank-out moments on tests. Thank You for watching!
Thank You for pointing that out. I forgot to dash-out one bond on each of the O atoms to show resonance in the nitro, and there's not way of editing it now. I did include the correction in the description. Thank You for watching! And thanks for the feedback!
The more electronegative a substituent is, the more of an inductive effect it will have, meaning the more powerful it is as an electron-withdrawing group and the more likely it will be to determine where another substituent will substitute on to the benzene ring. So, rank them among each other based on electronegativity/inductive effect. For example, a -NO2 (nitro) has a greater electronegativity and inductive effect than a -COOH group, because even though both have two oxygens, nitrogen is more electronegative than carbon. For another example involving electron-donating groups, an -OH group versus a -NH2 group, the -OH group is more electronegative than the -NH2 group because oxygen is more electronegative and there’s only one H on the oxygen versus two on the nitrogen. Also, know that if there are already two substituents on a benzene ring-one more electronegative than the other OR one electron-withdrawing and the other electron-donating-substitute a third group meta to the more electronegative substituent OR meta to the electron-withdrawing group. For example, in the case of -OH versus -NH2 whereby -OH is more electronegative than -NH2, the -OH will have a greater electron-withdrawing inductive effect causing meta attachment from -OH of a third substituent. I hope this addresses your question and helps!
Great video. But I have a question, NH3 is considered deactivating and NH2 is considered activating. But why is that since the Nitrogen is more electronegative than the hydrogens?
First--thank you! Second--excellent question! When an NH3 group is attached to the benzene ring, it will obtain a formal positive charge (N with 4 bonds is positive 1 charged) and is void of lone pairs (void of e-, essentially)); the positively charged N will then be super attractive to electrons, drawing electrons toward it, withdrawing electrons away from the ring (EWG, meta-directing, deactivating); in this case the positive charge on the N outweighs the effect of the electron donating groups attached to the N (this is even true for NR3+ groups). Formal charges are powerful! When an NH2 is attached to the ring, it'll only have 3 bonds keeping it at zero charge, maintaining its lone pair and usual electronegativity to pull electrons away from the Hs, become "electron-rich", and donate electrons to the ring.
To help make this more clear, it helps to think about NH2 to NH- groups attached, both are electron-donating-groups and both are activating, but the NH- groups is a stronger activator because it has a -1 charge and is more electron rich, so it donates electrons to the ring.
So, simply think of a group whereby if the alpha atom [to the ring] is negative, it will be electron-rich and donate to the ring. And a group whereby if the alpha atom [to the ring] is positive, it will be void of electrons and withdraw from the ring. Kind of like if you have no cash on you, you withdraw cash from the bank.
Here's one more trick.....if the central atom of the attached group has a lone pair it is ortho para directing but if it has a pi bond then it is a meta directing 😅 hope it helps 😊
Thank You so much for sharing this! This will of course be helpful!!
sis just saved my medical career , arguably the most educative video ive seen on organic chemistry
Thank You so much! I am glad it helped! I truly appreciate your feedback!
This is the best explanation I have seen. My prof couldn't explain it in an hour but you did it so wonderfully in 6 minutes. Thank you so much!!
Thank You so much for your much appreciated feedback! I am so glad this helped in a shorter amount of time!
I have my final exam this week for Organic Chemistry II, and this saved me . I usually need a reason why things happen in order to learn them correctly or for it to stick, and this clicked for me pretty fast! Certainly easier to remember than 15+ substituents.
I am so glad this helped you for your final and you didn't have to memorize a ton of stuff! Thank You for watching. I hope finals went well for you!
Wow sis, Thanks. You're really a life saver.
I have been thinking for many weeks about this confused theory.
NOW I GET THE THING. THANKS AGAIN.
I'm glad it makes sense now! Thank You for watching!
This is perfect for me, exactly what i was lacking in abilities.
I was unable to understand these things before watching this video... And you made it such a way... Wow i don't have words to express how i feel now!!! Thank you so much!!!❤
I am glad this helped!
Thanks for watching!
Just the kind of explanation I needed to clear my concept. It's just wonderful how you made it so easy to understand. Thank you so much😊
Thank You! I am so glad this made it more clear and easier to understand EAS! Thanks for watching!
OMG thank you so much!!! This helped me so much. 5 minutes ago I was so lost on how to do this, you made it so simple and easy to understand. TY for just helping me save my exam today lol
I am so glad this helped you... orgo is totally a foreign language sometimes. Thank You for watching!
Wow, on point. Thank you so much on the tutorial on how to determine a compound is a deactivator or activator
I am glad this helped! Thank You for watching!
Thank you so much!! You saved me hours of excruciating and painful memorizing ❤️❤️❤️
This trick works so well each time I've used it 🔥🔥🔥
I am so glad this ortho-meta-para trick works every time for you! It is something I figured out while helping DAT and MCAT students, recognizing that memorizing doesn't always help us remember things... haha..., and since it helped them every time, I thought I'd share it on UA-cam. Thanks for watching!
Thank you for your tutorials and making it easy to determine whether a substituent will be ortho-para or meta directing.
You're welcome! We aim to make orgo easier!
Thank you so much for making me to understand this
I am glad this helped you understand EAS directing better!
this right here is high level explanation,
never thought ochem could be that much fun
thanks mrs
Thank You! I'm happy you see orgo as fun after this!
That could be a game-changer for me, I've always struggled with memorizing stuff.
I'm glad this helps with hard organic chemistry problems.
Simply brilliant! Ive seen many Chemistry Olympiad/ IIT JEE coaches in India actually give a more circuitous explanation on this. Thank you for your insights, I hope you keep sharing them with us!
Thank you for your much appreciated feedback!! I am working on sharing more insights... your feedback encourages me you work faster at it... lol. Thank You! 💟
Fantastic explanation
Thank You so much!
Thank you soo much ma’am. Your pace was wonderful, the explanations very clear and straight to the point. I really enjoyed the video ❤
Thank You for your feedback! I am glad this helped you! And thank You for watching!
I will follow your advice from now on guys, you convinced me 😁😁
The best video… I really appreciate it🎉
My professor never taught me this. I have my final exam tomorrow and I have tons of things to study, this made me way easier to learn this topic since I don't have so much time to memorise and remember so many things. Thank you so much!
I am so glad this made it easier for EAS. I hope your final went well!
wonderful explanation
Tysmmmmmm you're the best !!
I am glad this helped! Thank You for watching!
Thank you so much for this!!!!
You're Welcome! Thank You for watching!
A great way to improve yourself like this, awesome. 🥳
thank you so much for this video! you saved me so much time, i was worried i was gonna have to memorize things but this video was extremely helpful
I am so glad this helped you! What's worse about trying to memorize all these molecules is that we can still have blank-out moments on tests. Thank You for watching!
I love you tysm😊🎉❤
The NO2 has 5 connections to the nitrogen where it usually prefers 3 and one lone pair
Thank You for pointing that out. I forgot to dash-out one bond on each of the O atoms to show resonance in the nitro, and there's not way of editing it now. I did include the correction in the description. Thank You for watching! And thanks for the feedback!
Thank you so much for the explanation
I am glad it helped! Thank You for watching!
JEDI MIND TRICK RIGHT THERE! 💪
helped me a lot for jee examination
I'm so glad this helped on an exam! Thanks for watching!
Thanks for this wisdom
Perfect explanation, thanks
I'm glad it was helpful! And thank you!
Spectacular explanation mam :)
I love it and Thanks for your efforts
Thank You for watching!! I appreciate your feedback!
Thank you!
Thank You for watching!
I wish i could like this several times
Awww... that's so sweet of you! I appreciate you liking it!
never heard of that before, but glad I did now before it's too late :)
excellent! Thank you!
Thanks for watching!
Wonderful lecture as suits your channel name
Thank You! I appreciate your feedback, and thank you for watching!
Wow this is a good mind-trick!
THANK YOU SO MUCHHHHHHH
How to know which has more priority O or H ?
Send help SOS 😢
that's the perfect method, I owe you one guys Lol 😁
I am glad this helps!
Thx ❤ , but i guess halogens are ewg , aren't they?
Very good Explain
Thank You!
Thank you so much ma'am. It will help me understanding organic chem very well.
And yes, SUBSCRIBED for more from you ❤❤❤
I am glad this helped! And thank you for subscribing!
Brilliant!
Thank You! I hope it helps in orgo!
I love this 😊
Thank You for watching!
I wonder how I made it through school, wish I had know this sooner argh. 😋
amazing !
thank you SO much... my exam is tomorrow 😅
Thank You for watching and using my trick. I hope the exam went well!
How can we then rank them to each other? Do we have to memorize it then?
The more electronegative a substituent is, the more of an inductive effect it will have, meaning the more powerful it is as an electron-withdrawing group and the more likely it will be to determine where another substituent will substitute on to the benzene ring. So, rank them among each other based on electronegativity/inductive effect. For example, a -NO2 (nitro) has a greater electronegativity and inductive effect than a -COOH group, because even though both have two oxygens, nitrogen is more electronegative than carbon. For another example involving electron-donating groups, an -OH group versus a -NH2 group, the -OH group is more electronegative than the -NH2 group because oxygen is more electronegative and there’s only one H on the oxygen versus two on the nitrogen.
Also, know that if there are already two substituents on a benzene ring-one more electronegative than the other OR one electron-withdrawing and the other electron-donating-substitute a third group meta to the more electronegative substituent OR meta to the electron-withdrawing group. For example, in the case of -OH versus -NH2 whereby -OH is more electronegative than -NH2, the -OH will have a greater electron-withdrawing inductive effect causing meta attachment from -OH of a third substituent.
I hope this addresses your question and helps!
Great video. But I have a question, NH3 is considered deactivating and NH2 is considered activating. But why is that since the Nitrogen is more electronegative than the hydrogens?
First--thank you! Second--excellent question! When an NH3 group is attached to the benzene ring, it will obtain a formal positive charge (N with 4 bonds is positive 1 charged) and is void of lone pairs (void of e-, essentially)); the positively charged N will then be super attractive to electrons, drawing electrons toward it, withdrawing electrons away from the ring (EWG, meta-directing, deactivating); in this case the positive charge on the N outweighs the effect of the electron donating groups attached to the N (this is even true for NR3+ groups). Formal charges are powerful! When an NH2 is attached to the ring, it'll only have 3 bonds keeping it at zero charge, maintaining its lone pair and usual electronegativity to pull electrons away from the Hs, become "electron-rich", and donate electrons to the ring.
To help make this more clear, it helps to think about NH2 to NH- groups attached, both are electron-donating-groups and both are activating, but the NH- groups is a stronger activator because it has a -1 charge and is more electron rich, so it donates electrons to the ring.
It's like the OH and O- groups; both are electron-donating-groups and activating.
So, simply think of a group whereby if the alpha atom [to the ring] is negative, it will be electron-rich and donate to the ring. And a group whereby if the alpha atom [to the ring] is positive, it will be void of electrons and withdraw from the ring. Kind of like if you have no cash on you, you withdraw cash from the bank.
I hope this helps further understand how to identify EDGs and EWGs!
Waw excellent 👏
maybe thats also good for seniors to keep their brain active!
hello???😭😭😭
I am not good at memorizing anyway hahaha
I don't know none of that that's why am here
cute voice
Aw... thank you!
please do not make 5 bonds of nitrogen 💀
Just seeing if anyone is paying attention... JK... I meant to dash those out to show resonance, but missed it in editing. 😬
Thank you!
You're welcome!