The Vardar Offensive (1918) - The Defeat of Bulgaria during World War One
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- Опубліковано 21 кві 2023
- How was Bulgaria defeat during the First World War? And what about Greece during WW1? During the First World War Greece was initially neutral, but it was not to last. The National Schism was caused by neutralists (led by pro-German king Constantine) and pro-Entente politicians led by Eleftherios Venizelos who believed in the Greek Grand Idea. He would set up an alternative government in Salonika (Thessaloniki) named the Provisional Government of National Defence. The Greek Army would fight against the Central Powers in 1917 on the Macedonian Front (Salonika Front). In 1918 the Allies launched the Vardar Offensive. Bulgaria sued for peace and the Armistice of Salonica was signed.
History Hustle presents: The Vardar Offensive (1918) - The Defeat of Bulgaria during World War One.
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SOURCES
- The Vanquished, Why the First World War Failed to End, 1917-1923 (Robert Gerwarth).
- Greece. Biography of a Modern Nation (Roderick Beaton).
- The Balkans. Nationalism, War and the Great Powers, 1804-2012 (Misha Glenny).
- Armies in the Balkans 1914-18 [Men-at-Arms 356] (Nigel Thomas, Dusan Babac).
IMAGES
Images from commons.wikimedia.org and Museum French War Cemetery (Samoilova, Skopje).
MUSIC
"Crusade" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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"Constancy Part One" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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Freesound.org.
E-MAIL
historyhustle[at]gmail.com
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Learn about WHAT caused WORLD WAR ONE:
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Check out the WORLD WAR ONE OVERVIEW:
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Learn about the END of the EASTERN FRONT:
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Learn about how the GREAT WAR ENDED:
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BTW Stefan is a Kings title amongst the Serbs. If you invastigate you will see that all Srbian kings are named Stefan Dušan, Stefan Nemanja, Stefan Uroš, Stefan Milutin, Stefan Dragutin.
Obrigado, Stefan! 🍀 🇧🇷
I enjoy your lectures. Would you consider that when you show maps, if you started zoomed out to better grasp where you are when zooming in to show fine details. Pausing might help but I have trouble seeing the country borders without seeing the big picture.
Thanks for doing these videos!
🙂🙃 smilies for the algorythm
provisions and supplies to the front are stopped by the bzns political party in Bulgaria to cause mutinies in the army they win at Doiran and Italuancire in another battle in a good field there is only one breakthrough which can be stopped by a strike on the flanks or the organization of a new defense but this is not happening because of the military rebellion and the betrayal of Daskalov and Stamboliyski, who were sent to the front to stop the rebellion and to continue the war, the USA supported the Kingdom of Bulgaria, then the rebellion was paid for by France, that's all, they signed an armistice because they could not stop the rebellion
As a Greek i must admit that the common Bulgarian soldier was a really tough motherf
Thanks for the honesty. I kinda wish to say something nice to return the favour, I like the relations we have today. Have a good day.
the military rebellion in the first world war in a good field was paid for by France bzns organized it and Daskalov and Stamboliyski continued it they were sent to stop it and to continue the war we can stop you instantly with a strike on the flanks or organizing a new defense this is not possible because of Daskalov and Stamboliyski who were killed after the war because of this betrayal
I have a French bayonet used by my great grandfather in the Serbian army in the Vardar Offensive or the Salonika front in general. It’s a very humble piece of history.
I can imagine!
WE have many french and serb trophys from wwi
I want tell you something
Please Text
@@atanasdimitrov5046 Maniac
Love how you shed a light on the largely unknown events.
👍👍👍
@@HistoryHustle this Video is füll of Propaganda
Great vídeo, I knew nothing about the macedonian front in WW1, perhaps you filming in the frech cemetry examplifies perfect the scenario of a coalition (led by the french) against the underdeveloped bulgarian army. Thanks for sharing the vídeo, from brasil 🇧🇷 !!
Thank you Thiago!
Great history of a lesser known front in WWI. Thanks.
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On the WW1 Central Powers side, both Bulgaria and Turkey performed reasonably well. Austria Hungary was the much weaker link.
If Austria-Hungary had defeated Serbia quickly, WW1 could have been very different.
Ottoman Empire***
Bulgaria was the country who mobilized the highest % of population to fight in WW1 than any country
A-H wasn't great in WW1 either.
Another excellent video Stefan - thanks for posting :)
😁👍
When you go to some of these places. A wider view of the areas in modern times to contrast to original photos your using. Would be awesome to see the changes
Stefan, great 👍 tour and update of history forgotten ✌️💚
Many thanks Jesse!
I love this channel! We get to learn about parts of the WWars that barely get mentioned by others. Thanks Stefan!
Thank you Joe!
Another great video about a virtually unknown episode of history. As a historian your videos always show me how much I do not know. I’m a little bit smarter today thanks to you!
Thanks Major!
Thanks Stefan, very interesting.It's seems to be a fact everywhere in ww1 that brave soldiers are let down by their leaders
Yeah, there is definetely a bit of truth in the saying "lions led by donkeys"...
British and Greeks were defeated at Dorjan but Serbs and French broke trough and Serb infantry and French cavalry were so fast that it prevented Bulgarians from forming a defense, it was like a Blitzkrieg but on foot and horse.
good job bro
👍👍👍
Why did you not mention the role of the Serbian Army in the breakthrough of the Thessaloniki front? (Obscure British Politics)
Believe the Serbs are mentioned.
As always a great presentation of not well know subject material. Thanks
Thanks for you response.
Duidelijk een vergeten deel van WW1.
Ben redelijk geinformeerd over WW1 en 2, maar heb hier nog nooit iets (in detail) over gehoord.
Bedankt !
Dank voor de reactie!
I am Bulgarian. Thank you for your attention...
Thanks for your reply!
Very interesting 👍
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Another great video sir. A forgotten campaign.
Thanks Stuart.
thanks for this! knowing how active the Balkans were in WW1 helps us understand Churchill's focus on this region through much of WW2.
Thanks for you response.
Greek army of the Salonika government had already seen action since May 1917, however that was before the reunification of Greece in late June 1917
the military rebellion in the first world war in a good field was paid for by France bzns organized it and Daskalov and Stamboliyski continued it they were sent to stop it and to continue the war we can stop you instantly with a strike on the flanks or organizing a new defense this is not possible because of Daskalov and Stamboliyski who were killed after the war because of this betrayal
Thanks for sharing.
God video, as all others of yours, BUT speak of Thesaloniki front and Dobro Polje fighting with no mentioning of Serbian army that achieved that breach is unthinkable. German Emperor Wilhelm II, in his telegram to Bulgarian Tsar Ferdinand I, stated: "Disgraceful! 62,000 Serbs decided the war!"
first look at the losses and capitulation by us and then write the first world war the Bulgarian army wins all the good field is a military rebellion paid by France because they lose the war and the USA then supports us and recognizes our lands Woodrow Wilson the American president
😂 God joke Kidd..Bulgarian Army finght vs 4 or 6 army.In Dorno pole my grand father is Hero amd survivor living for 1988 death 98 years.And talking abaut for wars snd battle in Dobro pole 6000 Bulgarian with small artilery and amonicion lost vs 30000 French Serbian army haves more artillery.And los is 2500vs 3500.But one is death 1/2 army it,s different 1/10 😉 .So take it easy on the heroic 😀
"Huge thanks" to the governments of Macedonia for the destruction of all military monuments and military cemeteries of the Bulgarian soldiers who died in the fighting.
The North Macedonian government didn't control former Bulgarian territory as far as I believe... Feel free to fill me in on which Bulgarian monuments / cemeteries in which cities you mean.
@@HistoryHustle The military cemeteries are on the territory of North Macedonia. Where the fighting was.
What do you expect ? The Bulgars were the Nazi enemy.
@@RU-AussieThis is WW1 неписмен.
@@RU-Aussie Какъв нацистки враг,става въпрос за Първата световна война,образовай се?!
Realy loved your video have you make something on Albania in world war 1
Thanks. A good video on a lesser spoken about front in The Cousins' War. Take care.
Thanks for watching.
For all interested, Bertrand Tavernier made a historical film on the army of the East entitled "Captain Conan". The story shows the last battles of the year 1918 forcing the Bulgarians to capitulate.
Thank you Hustle for talking about those forgotten fronts !
You capitulation
This is millitary Rebellion lier
@@atanasdimitrov5046 French army won ww1 cope harder.
@@petaincoud671 In macedonia you have Only lose Battles of US dobro Pole ist Rebellion pay for france
@@atanasdimitrov5046 The Battle of Dobro Polje was won by Serbian and French troops.
The Bulgarians got crushed.
Bulgaria not losing a war challenge. Difficulty: Impossible
Well never heard of this. Very interesting!
Thanks for watching!
great story mate keep it up i hope you do the Angels of Mons soon
👍👍👍
My great-grandad was on the Salonica Front, he caught malaria pretty early on and was out of action for so long, he was invalided back to Britain, before actign as a training instructor and then rotating out to Italy and the the Western Front. Considering how disastrous the battles of Doiran were, that mosquito bite probably saved his life.
I enjoy learning about important campaigns that are rarely taught in the U.S.
Great 👍
The best dutchman is here yall
🇳🇱🫡
Stephan, your English is much improved!
😁👍
Stefan, I know this is out of place but I have a question. I particularly enjoyed your video s about the Dutch SS .Did Dutch SS ever fight Free Dutch Forces?
Yes, in Belgium. See my video about Landstorm Nederland for that.
Another wonderful documentary coverage video about Bulgarian 🇧🇬 intervened WW1 beside (central power's ) and its suited for peace in 1918...history Hustle channel always introduces an excellence history matters
the military rebellion in the first world war in a good field was paid for by France bzns organized it and Daskalov and Stamboliyski continued it they were sent to stop it and to continue the war we can stop you instantly with a strike on the flanks or organizing a new defense this is not possible because of Daskalov and Stamboliyski who were killed after the war because of this betrayal
Bulgaria bit of a lot more than they could chew but lasted a lot longer than you would assume
Probably but we could fight then and had good reasons to do so.
@@vasil.kamdzhalov if you stayed neutral or just joined the entente you and the whole world would have been better off. Imagine how much more successful the brusilov offensive would have been with Serbia still tying down troops, you would get no Bolsheviks
@@williamthebonquerer9181 If Serbia honoured its deal. Serbia held territory that was full with Bulgarians some ancestors of mine included. National unification was the sole goal of the nation and the people. Neutrality wasnt possible but Bulgaria negotiated with the Entente in WW1 but what they promised was half-assed and offered territories from the Ottoman empire which we didnt want, compared to other states we didnt want just land but people. Greece agreed to give up territory but Serbia ignored any requests from France and Great Britian. Serbia being ally after Serbo-Bulgarian war and then Balkans wars was not possible. They expired their trust from us and war was the way. Bolsheviks for us came in WW2 when Central Powers lost either way, Hitler would have been in power any way, his tactics would have been similar, Hitler would have threatened invasion of Bulgaria and to avoid it Bulgaria probably would have joined again the Axis to play as an ally but invasion by the USSR probably would have happened again, Stalin used stupid reasons to do it. We didnt give him reasons whatsoever but he still did it as it was his plan.
I have to give Bulgaria a lot of respect for their performance in WW1. A small country, and yet they fought very well against a coalition of powerful enemies.
Serbia held superpowers for two years,Bulgaria is a joke compared to Serbia
Respect? for being a gang of bandits invading other countries ..I bet you love Putin.
Bulgaria like usually attacking when having support from Germany .Serbia was only one against Austrhungary,Germany, Bulgaria .Bulgaria lost every single war against Serbia.
@@63Vaso you fought most off your wars with help. serbk bulgarian war you got oushed fat into serbia with us annexing land for a little.bit. second balkan war you fell first luckily the romanians helped you
@@southamptonfan3460 Bulgarian have always helped by Germany,AustroHungari.Always stabbing Serbs in the back.Bulgarian support Nazi Germany Hittler,.Russian liberation of your land.Now you are supporting NATO against Russia.You are guys losers always.Serbs always 🥇
They were lucky to get out of the war and not lose more people, unlike the other countries involved.
Indeed.
xSome points. With Venizelos there were people from Thessaly and Macedonia. But not Ipirus which was one of the new lands. Also one of the divisions were from Greeks from the Eastern Aegean islands that were liberated during the Balkan was (Chios, Mitilini etc).
Doirani is a lake not a city. It is in the boarders between Greece and NMK. The closest cities are Kilkis and Serres from Greece and Strumnica from NMK.
Are you sure because Epirus voted for Venizelos in 1920... even though he lost the overall election he scored a comfortable victory there.
By the way- on Dobro Polje was 2nd Serbian army with two French's colonilal divisions 17th and 122nd (Senegalies)
Thanks for you response.
Bror, support you. We need to teach.
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Is it interesting to live/grow up on territories with a lot of war traces, OR is it better to grow up on territories, which never experienced World Wars and didn't have real military conflicts for a very long time? 🇨🇭🤔🇨🇭
Depends on how long the war was ago. I would not wanna grow up in the years after a war just ended.
I am pleased to hear the war cemetery was well maintained. The Bulgarian people were suffering very badly by the time they were defeated . 3 wars in the space of a few short years was devastating . Especially as ways to the civilian population including children. The Bulgarians were also said to have committed atrocities aginst the Serbs 😶
Not "said to have commited attrocities", but they COMMITED A REAL GENOCIDE, killing about 100 000 Serb civilians, many of them in the concentration camps, as well Greeks, Romanians (in Dobrugea) and Albanians! Please, find on the net articles about the Toplica Uprising 1917 in Serbia & bulgarian occupation of Dobrugea 1916-18. The bulgarian souveregne "Tzar" Ferdinand von SachSSe Coburg Gotha were a devoted Roman Catholic and former officer of Austro-Hungarian Army and a megalomaniac who hated all Ortodox Christians.
first look at the losses and capitulation by us and then write the first world war the Bulgarian army wins all the good field is a military rebellion paid by France because they lose the war and the USA then supports us and recognizes our lands Woodrow Wilson the American president
We defeated 3 wars ? Serbian defeated 3 wars 3 capitulates Reed history
You lose every war bulgarian Army Beat three wars serbo Bulgarian war ww1 and First Balkan war ww2 WE stay neutral saved 50 000 jews
Not a word of serbian actions
Feel free to share words.
@@HistoryHustle serbs broke the back of bulgarians,had 2 be stopped by the French 4 retaliation.
Once Bulgaria was out, the Central Powers were done. The Ottomans, Austrian-Hungarians and finally Germans soon followed.
True.
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Battle of Crna bend 1916 is a Pyrrhic victory for the Allies who suffered tremendous casualties ! And didnt have a muscle to continue, later every offensive of theirs was stopped.
Thanks for sharing.
Serbians kept fighting after their country was gone💪
Huge respect.
But respect to all balkan countries who even went into the war after the balkan wars.
Hope to cover more on Serbia during WW1 this summer.
@@HistoryHustle I hope every balkan country gets their recognition, I just saw the montenegro documentary. You talk about everything unbiased and good. Keep it up!
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Serbians had a lot of support and help.
It's not fair match.
@Aleks K that's war, why didn't the Bulgarians go with the entente? It was their decision.
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the offensive that decided WW1
Please explain.
Battlle for Monastery -1916
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Salonica and After: The sideshow that ended the war.
Wouldn't say it ended WW1, but it did for Bulgaria and sure is an overlooked theatre.
2:33 Serbia was beaten but not defeated.
Remnants of the Serbian army left to fight another day yes. But the Serbian territory was under occupation.
@@HistoryHustle Under occupation but not capitulated.
And Bulgaria was defeated but not beaten
Did the Greeks fight any battles against the Turks?
During WW1 no. After it yes.
The salonika front where none of the allies wanted to start it.only the serbs wanted to go for it.
Ok.
@@HistoryHustle what did the keiser say to the King of Bulgaria...
Uncle Bulgaria, the Wombles.
?
Do video about verdun
ua-cam.com/video/tTBVA2g9O5g/v-deo.html
Thanks. BZ.
Any truth to the Kaiser sending Tsar Ferdinand a telegram furious about the outcome of the battle of Dobro Pole to the effect of; 60,000 Serbs just decided the war?
the military rebellion in the first world war in a good field was paid for by France bzns organized it and Daskalov and Stamboliyski continued it they were sent to stop it and to continue the war we can stop you instantly with a strike on the flanks or organizing a new defense this is not possible because of Daskalov and Stamboliyski who were killed after the war because of this betrayal
@@atanasdimitrov5046 who loses a battle always blames a higher power for it, never his own incompetence. Evry loser will tell the same.
@@goranboromisab7767 buhaha this is Military Rebellion we are Not lose you lose all Battles from us
@@goranboromisab7767 first look at the losses and capitulation by us and then write the first world war the Bulgarian army wins all the good field is a military rebellion paid by France because they lose the war and the USA then supports us and recognizes our lands Woodrow Wilson the American president
@@atanasdimitrov5046 Really? Thank you very much for keeping us informed about the real truth.
North Macedonia is a fake name. Macedonia is GREECE. This country is out of Macedonian region.
Dunno bro. It looks like a pretty real name to me. Even your own government recognizes it lol.
Yeah..
Macedonia is to all nations. So better chill. Go fight Erdogan
@@space.junk101 after Erdogan is your turn
@@danieltemelkovski9828 u are wrong. Our nation doesnt regognize the Monkeydonians. Macedonia original is until Kilkis and Florina. According to archaeologists. Sorry Slavs, it s the truth
🙂🙂🙂🙂
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Again I need to put critic on your video. Bulgaria lost couple of fierce battles way before 1918, the most notable "Battle of the Crna Bend" 1916 where they were forced to retreat from Bitola that was important strategic spot which after in 1918 enabled front breakthrough. Serbs and Bulgarians during this period clashed heavily on the mountain Kaimaktsalan taking a huge loses on the both sides but at the end Serbs re-captured the mountain top. Also you made huge mistake by mentioning Doiran battle as the main reason of armistice besides poor soldiers condition. The main attack and front breakthrough happened at Dobro Pole from the side of Second Serbian army under the command of Field Marshal Stepa Stepanović supported by French colonial division. Right after this front collapsed Serbian First and Second army advanced all the way to Skopje while Brits and Greeks were still stocked at Doiran. By the way again mistake that it was the end of fighting, from Skopje Serbian army advanced to north clashing with Germans at Niš, although small it was still battle and together with couple of other towns on the way to Belgrade where Germans tried to make town defenses before evacuation or even traps but they were overwhelmed by Serbian troops.
Actually Bulgaria beat so hard the French and Russians at Crna bend. Serbians also took enormous losses and Bulgarians were outnumbered .
If it's by any reasonable measure an Ally victory it definitely is a PYRRHIC one!!!
The Allies captured only a tiny little few meters of shit land and couldn't continue cause they suffered too much.
This is Pyrrhic
Stefan you didn't mantion bigest Serbian roll in cruching of Thesalonyky front...and stop until half of Bulgaria!?
Please explain.
Crying Central Powers noises
You crying WE Go outside of the war whit Rebellion Not lose this Battle
They sure weren't happy.
Well Skopje Macedonia ( Skopska Makedonija) was established in 1974, til then it was known as Old Serbia, so those French soldiers were buried whit honors by Serbs in Old Serbia.
@V V VMRO is a terrorist organization, but when you dont have promenent people you glorify terrorists. So you a Bulgar or a Bulgarian?
1974? Lol. I hope for your sake that was a typo.
One in every 4 Bulgarian is a descendant of refugees from Macedonia. Hundreds of thousands of people fled Serbian occupied Macedonia to Bulgaria because they loved being ruled by Serbia so much?
@@user_ghost34 if they didn't join the axis commiting war crimes, they would not have to flee. But the Serbs are the only side in the wars who buried enemy soldiers. The austrians and bulgars left civilians to rot. Because they couldnt figtht soldires only civilians. So you Šop, Bulgar, Bulgarian?
@@milansimonovic8267
Do you have reading comprehension issues? 600,000 Bulgarians fled the region of Macedonia (both Greek occupied Aegean and Serbian occupied vardar) to Bulgaria between 1913-1918. I wasn’t even talking about WW2, but a Serb lecturing anyone about alleged war crimes against civilians is just rich. I am at fault for thinking I could even have a constructive dialogue with a Serb. But you people reap what you sow, long live USA occupied Kosovo;)
Bulgaria has almost always been on the wrong side of history, although this was not always of their own choosing. Every country wants to be "proud" of their history, but this is not what history is about. It is a science--a pursuit of truth, knowledge and meaning, which is completely undercut by nationalism and this idiotic pride nonsense.
Bulgaria was on the wrong side because of Macedonia, and today the brainwashed people in North Macedonia use this against us because they have been taught by their Communist Serbian and Russian overlords that they are not Bulgarians, therefore teaching them to hate themselves by hating on Bulgaria.
Since 1842 historians or other started making maps of the ethnic make up of the Balkans and other places but 1842 was the first by a Czech guy and maybe a Swiss one. I have heard of at least 50 maps from around the world of people coming to collect data. The Ottoman records of the time showed similar data. The biggest groups in Macedonia and the time were bulgarians, then greeks, then turks. San Stefano was a treaty that was made for some in "maximalistic borders" to include all bulgarians with significant minority or majority mostly. If it wasnt meant for Bulgaria to have them then dont give them at all in the first place. What data was takne supported the borders, then came the politics. Greece wanted Megali idea to be achieved but was far fethched but they didnt care. Serbia decided it wont let Bulgaria be dominant even if Bulgaria really didnt care for that, it wanted to be the dominant slavic nation in the Balkans and went on any lenghts to achieve it, we gave them 2 chances before we gave up and just entered in wars against them. Apart of those two nations who desired just land and people it seems, Bulgaria fought we the intent to include the biggest proven group of people which was in Macedonia. It became a national ideal, a right goal. If it succeded Bulgaria would have probably moved more into isolation after than, expansion without any reason wasnt a thing. So what was the nonsense then and stupid nationalism, you look it through modern lens and its naive. Half of my family would have died maybe in another future if they stayed in Macedonia and I probably would be a thing.
Bulgaria lost in the end all wars, the victors write the history and Bulgaria remained mostly as a militaristic aggressor. Even if data was mostly on our side, we talk about Russian, British, French, Austrian, Italian, Swiss, US and other making maps, one of the was from a Greek and as expected had more greeks in places compared to the rest.
All this was said for the later part of your comment and with no anger.