What is a "HEAD OF STATE"?
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- Опубліковано 23 бер 2018
- What does it mean to call someone the "head of state" of a country? It might not mean what you think it does.
Photos care of Shutterstock and Zimbio. Video care of BBC and the Associated Press.
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So in reality, the head of state is just a fancy mascot
Jack Challenge
Not really. For example, in Israel in 2009 Netanyahu lost to Tzipi Livni but President Shimon Peres made him Prime Minister anyhow... so it would seem to me that it's more of a way to guarantee that the political establishment stays in charge. Like, if their guy gets elected, good! We are so free and democratic! If not... tough shit! Pick the "right guy" next time, you plebs!!
Just this summer, the Queen's representative in British Columbia had the problem of calling new elections just weeks after a hung legislature was elected or invite the opposition to form a stable government.
It wasn't like she came up with her own idea out of thin air. She just agreed with what John Horgan and Andrew Weaver asked for.
I think a more apt term would be like Earth-chan the head of state is supposed to be the country head waifu
GSTQ
The Government is only a part of The State.
horgan and weaver may have asked for new elections, but it's only the Head of State that has the authority to make it happen.
Russia also has a similar system the main difference is the purely ceremonial position switches to whichever position Putin is not holding at the moment.
schrodingers cat, lol yeah one of my russian friends said that Medvedev is just Putin's puppet
lmao this could not be explained better
Russia’s system is just Putin then government to make his wishes actually tangible smh 🤦♂️
I live in saudi arabia we dont have any heads here
Nothing To be said .... King Salman is the Absolute Monarch of KSA
Y'all were beheaded?
As an absolute monarchy, the king is both the head of state and head of government.
🤣🤣🤣
Arabs have the driest humour in the world oml... I mean oma
04:55
The Queen is head of state, the Governor General is just a representative for her.
Him: Who is the head of state of Germany, Canada and Israel. Easy right?
Me: What?
DBarationX ikr
DBarationX seriously
Israel might be a curveball for anyone who's not well-versed but Germany and Canada are G7 members. It's pretty hard NOT to know about them. I get news about them all the time even from my local channels.
Head of state in my country (Norway) is His Majesty King Harald V. 82% in 2017 favoured our constituional monarchy. He is well known and loved by his people🇳🇴🇳🇴
I live in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Here everything is soooo weird. We actually have 3 presidents (1 Bosniak, 1 Croat and 1 Serb). They can't do anything without all 3 of them agreeing. Love the episode btw 😃
DžemsGames yeah I’ve watched Paul Barby’s episode on Bosnia it was really weird
Why can't Bosnian just get along?
@@georgedoty-williams2085 war
So I'm guessing nothing gets done in Bosnia?
I think bosnia have a parliamentary system and the 3 president is just a symbolic position. The real power is in the hand of the prime minister
I must say that as a Brit, if I ever met the Queen I would probably count it as one of the most significant moments in my life, if I met Boris Johnson my skin would crawl and I'd desperately try to forget about it.
My mother has met the queen and while being honoured it wasn't really significant
really? honestly i have more respect for boris even tho i may disagree with him. atleast he worked hard to get where he is now whereas that old hag was just born into everything
I wish to know more regarding the policies of the Pepperoni Party.
Less pepperoni consumption as this is cannibalism.
More Pizza, Less Pasta
They want to do what America did and appropriate Italy's food into something unrecognizable but equally as iconic. The party's primary objective is to develop the country's food culture, which will bolster Belgium's name recognition worldwide. Currently, they are known only as that country with the waffles, and they find this unacceptable. They wish to be a cultural exporter, which is ironic, given their name; I'd describe it more as cultural retail.
You have More than enough PIZZA shoppes in Toronto than You do Timmy Ho's!
Here in Finland we have a President and a Prime minister, and the President is mostly a symbol, with some exceptions in foreign relations and some military things, kinda like a mix of the French and the German systems, but because our President used to be so powerful up until our new revised constitution came into force in 2000, most people still seem to think that the President is really powerful and important, so he is very well known too...
Kekkonen, Kekkonen, Kekkonen, Kekkonen..
here in japan we have the emperor and also the prime minister. I'd say the PM is more well known overseas but not by so much compared to a country like canada.
I'm Italian and that "Watch this space" next to President Mattarella got me dead. Love your humor :')
Benvenuto nel club
As a non Italian however I don't get it
after the recent election we don`t have prime minister (the two coalition and the biggest party can`t select a prime minister)
Andrej Corrias Isn't Gentiloni still prime minister until a new government has been formed?
Jorrit Heijma yeah, of course Gentiloni is still our PM, but J.J. was making fun of the result of the Italian general election
Have you considered doing a series on comparative political systems? For instance, on hybrid systems, like France's semi-presidential system or Iran's theocracy/democracy, which I find absolutely fascinating
Tomorrow We Live That’s a good idea!
Iran is just a theocracy, the so called legislator just rubber stamps whatever the "Supreme Leader" says just like the parliaments in China or the former USSR.
American here: So, one thing I like about the idea of having a ceremonial head of state and a head of government be separate is that the head of state can open a hospital in, say, a politically controversial area and no one sees it as making a political statement or "campaigning." It separates the role of a state as a union of people from the political function of a government. Likewise, when your head of state and head of government are the same, as in the United States, the head of government is invested with this full ceremonial of loyalty and respect that can confuse ordinary people about where their true loyalties should lie. So, although the divisiveness of American politics these days has undercut this a little, it has become popular for politicians and public speakers to talk about the need to rally around the new President as the head of the United States, rather than separating his leadership role from his role in developing national policy.
The President is also a true head of state in the American constitution, which is something that confuses a lot of foreign people, and when he exercises those "state" powers, he becomes much less beholden to the legislative function of the United States government. So, for example, the President has the sole power to negotiate and conclude treaties, which must be ratified by 2/3 of the Senate, but when he does this he actually has the power to enact federal legislation in areas that are generally restricted to the state governments. In other words, this is the President's legislative power as head of state. He also grants pardons and reprieves, which can actually cause someone to be considered legally "not guilty." This is, more or less, the President's judicial power as head of state. Likewise, although the power to declare war is a legislative function, the President is generally considered to have the power to make war even without a declaration.
Also, an idea that is current in Canada is that the President somehow has less power towards the U.S. than the PM does towards Canada. That is legally true, but the separation of powers ironically causes the opposite effect: Because the Congress is unable to force the President to execute the law in a particular way without impeachment or lawsuit, the President essentially creates "quasi-law" through executive orders, federal regulations, and signing statements to legislation. Also, because Congress works as a political deliberative chamber for hashing out policy, rather than an administrative body, it is pretty much the tradition of American legislation to either include provisions that one knows the President won't follow as an invasion of executive power or to leave substantive legislative decisions vague and let the President's cabinet members work them out. So, the President has more absolute discretionary power than the PM, because even if both parties disagreed with his policies (or both houses of Congress, as with Obama), there is not much that the two houses can do about it. (You can't go to court about everything....it would be too expensive with American lawyers!)
I live in Jordan and my country has a king and prime minister, but similiar to france both could be considered as heads of states and heads of government so it's pretty complicated
YMJ Gaming so does the king sometimes intervene in politics? How is that seen by the population?
Both could be considered as heads of govt. but the head of state in jordan is the king, not the prime minister
A bit like a monarchical version of a semi-presidential system like France or Russia.
In that both the King and PM still hold some power.
Morocco is similar.
Head of State: His Imperial Majesty the Emperor
Head of Government: Prime Minister Shinzo Abe
Banzai
No longer
Head of Government = Mark Rutte
Head of State = King Willem Alexander
Bob in Engels is het wiliam
Willy! bitterballen!
I guess you're from Norway?
@@matthewdale7 Netherlands
The Head of State of Canada is Queen Elizabeth 2.
I think the other woman is her representative
KMTForChina False, the queen is represented by Julie Payet meaning that she is the head of state
@@xandermacdonald6062 like yes but The Queen is most Well knlw
Noah Achorner she a regent basically
Xander MacDonald I consider the general governor a regret
I'm from Australia... we are just like you Canadians when it comes to our head of government.
In Malaysia, we have Yang DiPertuan Agong as the head of state, and the Prime Minister as the head of government. Here's how the Yang DiPertuan Agong elected.
Malaysia has 13 states, and 3 Federal Territories. Each state except Penang, Melaka, Sabah have their own kings (kinda weird right?). So, every six years, The Royal Council (sort-off) will elect a Yang DiPertuan Agong from these states.
How the Prime Minister got elected? Well, we'll see in the incoming GE.
桜ノ宮シャフィク Do Malaysians care about their head of state?
J.J. McCullough yes we do. Yang DiPertuan Agong is the symbol of pride in Malaysia. That's why the British failed to flop the monarchy system in the country.
Besides, we always display the Yang DiPertuan Agong's picture in the office. We even have all of out notes printed out the potrait of the first Yang DiPertuan Agong.
But tbh, most of us didn't even know what he does as the head of the state.
桜ノ宮シャフィク The only thing that i know about the king are he have the power to legalize a law (with P.Minister advise), elect and deprive governor bank ( eg: Zeti Aziz) and also declaring an emergency
Do you have a Yang DiPertuan Agong picture in your home?
J.J. McCullough lol no. He's important but not well known. dont get me wrong tho, i love my king. But i just dont know him. I just know which state he is from, (n i think now its kelantanese king) and that's it. So yeah, you actually right about the symbolic thing, Because most of malaysian only know their PM, Even Queen Elizabeth II is well known than him. So In conclusion, YOU'RE RIGHT.
Wakanda is an absolute monarchy
GAMEINFORMER404 I don’t support their political system.
Bahahahahahahaha
J.J. McCullough 😀😂
@@JJMcCullough who are you to say u dont like wakandan political systems?
Here in Aruba, we have almost the same system as Canada. Our Head of State is Dutch King Willem Alexander, but there is an appointed Governor General or 'gouverneur' as we call him here. I don't know much about what he actually does but I beleive he oversees the ceremonial stuff like acting as the royal representative of the King for the constituent country of Aruba. He does I gues some important stuff like being the last to sign a law or something. The prime minister and her cabinet are more popular figures than the actual Head of State, but that's because they are closer to the locals than the figures located far away way in the Netherlands. Anyways nice analysis... I'd vote for Pepperoni 🍕
that bursting feeling is the Governor a white Dutch man or an Aruban person?
J.J. McCullough Aruban
As a Canadian, I say sincerely, God Save the Queen
In Romania, there are 2 people, just like you've explained: the President (Klaus Iohannis) is the head of state, and the Prime Minister (Viorica Dăncilă) is the head of govt. However, our semi-presidential system is similar to that of France. The President is the Supreme Commander of the armed forces, and he represents Romania in all international contexts (he can delegate that power to the pm, but only if he so chooses). For example, the President always represents Romania at the European Council (just as Merkel or Kurz do from the position of head of govt.), so that can give you a clue about his powers. Moreover, the President is allowed to attend meetings of the Government (he presides the sessions that he attends).
However, the President mostly deals with forreign affairs. He cannot veto laws (he can only send them back to Parliament once, and if they send them back to him, he is forced to sign them. Or he can send the respective law to the Constitutional Court in case he believes it is unconstitutional). He also cannot dismiss the Prime Minister or individual ministers. He can, in theory, dissolve the Parliament, but the procedure is very complicated and it has never been used.
Over the years, the President's powers have declined (the ruling coalition is currently working on a bill that would exclude the President from the procedure of appointment of several head prosecutors, a very important prerogative of the President).
The powers of the President depend on whether his or her party has a majority in Parliament (and can thus give the Prime Minister) as was the case between 1992-1996, 1996-2000, 2000-2004.
So, to summarize, the Romanian system of government is based on the French one, but with a weaker President. The authors of the 1991 Constitution didn't want all the power to be taken by a single individual, because we had just come out of 42 years of communist dictatorship, out of which 24 were spent under the brutal Nicolae Ceaușescu.
Also, great content, as always!
It sounds very much like America as well. The US Speaker of the House is very much like a prime minister in other "semi-presidential" countries. It is only because he doesn't have that title that political scientists insist on putting the US into some other category, which I think is unfair and unhelpful.
+J.J. McCullough for the HR Speaker to truly be a PM, he would need to nominate cabinet himself, and have executive powers. Would also need to be able to be confidence voted out.
J.J. McCullough
The Speaker isn't a prime minster though.
And the prime minester of Romania is also the one de facto in charge of moldova, because our government depends a lot what Romania does or say. Obviously talking as an observation of how it looks.pretty much moldova is useless without romania
Your videos are great fun and I like them very much. However, according to my college political science texts and my own reading, The U.S. President is both Head of State and Head of Government. Most unfortunately, Trump is both the representative of the U.S., he appoints the cabinet and judges [which need Senatorial approval], he can make executive orders, and he needs to sign bills into laws [to override the presidential veto, majorities are needed in both the House and the Senate [that is why the Republicans are terrified by the polls that indicate a coming Blue--Democratic Wave this year.] The Speaker of the house can't be compared to a P.M. because he is elected by the House and can be a member of a party opposite to that of the Senate. At one time in the early 18th century Congress, the Supreme Court and the President were of 3 different parties. Unlike a P.M. the Speaker has no power outside the House of Representatives.
I love your use of Mario sound effects in all your videos.
4:25 wow i don't think iv'e ever heard the queens voice before!
J.J your video is ABSOLUTELY AMAZING keep doing what you doing
Here in Spain it's:
Head of State: Felipe VI
Head of goverment: Pedro Sánchez (Since June 2018)
Ice breaker here.
The Philippine head of state AND government is one: the President, according to the latest 1987 Constitution written after the Martial Law era. This model is similar to the American system but adds a million complex tweaks into it.
Current it's President Rodrigo R. Duterte.
What's different is that since PH is a unitary system, the division of government power is more of a "continuum" between the National and Local Governments.
National > Provincial > City/Municipality > Barangay (understood more like a District or Parish)
Which means that local policy is often seen as national policy. Hence when Filipinos protest and demand the President to resign, they're actually are just displased with local policies.
Also another quirk is that the political division adds Regions between the National and Provincial levels. There are, however, no fixed regional-levels of government EXCEPT for Development Authorities concentrated in the metropolitan regions (this is also NOT officially designated).
Finally the National Capital Region (NCR) that comprises of Manila and its surrounding cities are not subdivided into provinces; rather each city acts on a provincial-level while still maintaning its city-level priorities.
awpdog before the 1987 constitution, the president was the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government, the problem is that the president sometimes acts as the prime minister.
Just for everybody's information, the 1987 set-up is not entirely new. The President was always Head-of-State and Head-of-Government since Philippine independence was universally recognized in 1946, and before that, during the First Philippine Republic (1899-1901) the President was still more-or-less both, despite having a President of the Council of Government which kind of serves as a Prime Minister figure.
In Belgium, it didn't take four months to form a government, it took 589 days (roughly 1 year, 7.5 months)!
Yet the country still held together, with only the king at its head and 2 communities who despise each other. That wouldn't have been possible in a republic, something that JJ seems to not understand.
@@trlacr1781 You are right. JJ has no respect for tradition or symbolism. I suppose he thinks Americans pledge allegiance to a piece of cloth.
Absolutely love your videos, from a Brit who’s family are from Kitchener, Ontario
in Australia, we have the same system as Canada, Queen Elizabeth II as the Queen of Australia, the Governor-General of Australia and the prime minister. Queen Elizabeth II served as the ACTUAL Head of State of the Country while the Governor-General, Sir Peter Cosgrove served as the REPRESENTATIVE Head of the States and have ceremonial roles similar to that of the Queen.
Isnt the head of State of Australia and Canada is Queen Elizabeth? Im just asking.
In Australia at least there is a massive disagreement over whether the Queen or the Governor General is actually the Head of State. I think the general consensus is that the Queen is the “real” Head of State, but that the Governor General is the “actual” Head of State. Unless the Queen is in Australia. Then she is definitely the Head of State.
@@danielgrey5754 the Queen is head of state always. The GG is an appointed acting head of state. The GG in accordance with the constitution has all rights and powers as the queen of Australia except for firing the GG (because one cannot fire oneself) and appoint the next GG (because you cannot appoint one untill the previous one is no longer GG and therefore that person no longer hold legal power too appoint the next anyway). This is also true with the other countries. For instance a few years ago the queen went too Canada and the GG held her as she went over a hump too get into parliament. There was initial concern by some people because you are not allowed to touch the queen, however in Canada she is the queen of Canada and under Canadian law the GG has all rights as she does (except for two) and since the queen is allowed too hold her arm the GG can hold her arm. And thus it doesn't go against protocol.
It would go against protocol if the GG went to England and met the queen of the United Kingdom (who is the same person).
@Andrew C what you say is accepted by the mainstream (and I agree completely). However there are many legal and constitutional lawyers, scholars and commentators who would disagree. Mainly from the anti Republican side who push the idea (not entirely without merit) that the Australian head of state is the GG, and is Australian, and therefore that the Republican argument that it is wrong to have a foreign head of state does not stand.
Hey there, I subbed yesterday, love the vids, keep them up! And i'm Canadian.
J J you keep coming up with a lot of amazing and informative videos. Keep up the great work 👍
I like how all your videos have Mario Bros sound fx.
As you said, living in a parlamentary monarchy makes the distinction between head of state and head of government a lot easier. In my nation, Spain, our head of state is the king Felipe VI and the head of government is our president Pedro Sánchez.
Here in Norway we have the king and queen that does the fancy ceremonial stuff, but the prime minster also appears sometimes at these ceremonies
Ilari ungefär som i Sverige
Here in Portugal, the President is usually a place reserved for old, almost retired, politicians (usually former prime ministers or former party leaders). He does however have the power to choose the prime minister (after the parliament elections), to dissolve the government and to veto any law proposed by the government.
Usually the prime minister is the just the leader of the most voted party, but just last election, it was actually the leader of the 2nd most voted party because of the left-right divide in the parliament, as chosen by the president, after weeks of negotiations mediated by him.
Recently we also had our president dissolve the government after only a few months in office.
He has also been vetoing some ridiculous laws that the government try to pass recently.
This is fascinating! If Julie came to visit me at the hospital I’d be HIGHLY disappointed
Elizabeth usually does that.
4:34 that’s not the case with the World Cup. Usually it is someone who has a high prestige in the government such as the President (but they’re not required) or a very famous celebrity the country is known for. Same goes with the Trophy handing. In 1994 it was actually Al Gore who handed the Brazilians the World Cup instead of President Clinton
Now that last fact is something that very few people know (or remember).
Interestingly, Google Home’s answer to “Hey Google, who is the head of state of_____” is in the plural: “heads of state are: ______ (two people)”. E.g. for Canada, the two were Justin Trudeau and Elizabeth II. For countries with only one head do state, it still answers with the plural “heads” but only person is given, E.g.: Switzerland: Alain Berset
His head while talking : ⬆↗↙⬇↘➡↕↕⬅⬇↪↩↔⬇↘
I think a good way to describe Canada (and other commonwealth realm countries) would be saying that Elizabeth is the de jure head of state and Julie Payette is de facto head of state
Yes. I know my king. His name is Karl XVI Gustav.
Noah Wallner i Sverige är det ju också så att talmannen tar upp vissa roller som statschefen brukar göra i andra länder, till exempel att utse statsministern
Hey JJ , as a Irish Republican I like how you don’t have the St Patrick’s saltier in the Union Flag. Is this for political reasons?
SeanIsNotCool Ireland isn’t part of the union anymore. That would be like the Union Jack replacing the 50 stars on the American flag.
I’m not salty.
J.J. McCullough how do you not have a million subscribers?😂
Qrpo - That would kinda be a good look though...
But my personal favorite is putting a Jolly Roger in place of the stars ☠😎
Qrpo The saltire represents Northern Ireland though
Fun fact: The former President of my country Iceland actually thrice refused to sign a law into effect. The first one was related to a law regarding the media in 2004 and the two others were the IceSave deals in 2011 which were super unpopular among the public so he put both bills to a public referendum.
The idea of queen Elizabeth opening a Walmart is way funnier to me then it should be
4:08 hey dats my country
I voted for my head of state, President Higgins, affectionately known as Michael D. He does have some political powers, and not only in emergency situations.
J.J., your videos are some of the most stunning I've ever seen, and the graphics are especially artistic and unique. Do you mind telling me what software you use?
Oh, you are too kind. I just use Premire. I should learn to use After Effects.
In Australia there was an incident known as the constitutional crisis of 1975 where the governor general of Australia for the first and pretty much only time in Australian history exerted the power vested in him and dissolved parliament. This event caused a significant discussion around whether Australia even needs to be a constitutional monarchy and if it should become a republic. The current prime minister Malcolm Turnbull has stated that he is a proponent of Australia becoming a republic but hasn't really acted on this.
Is Northern Ireland not part of the UK now? Your Union Jack flag is wrong 😂 Also, isn't the head of state in Canada is Queen Elizabeth? The Governor General been her representative.
Head of government: Theresa May Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II
In Romania we have a president and a prime minister (we had like 5 PMs in the last year) and the president is Klaus Werner Iohannis and the PM is Viorica Vasilica Dancila
In Ireland we have a president and a prime minister (or taoiseach). Like you said the president does most of the ceremonial stuff while the prime minister does the government stuff.
In Mexico we have a President, which is both Head of State and Head of Government, but in a way similar to the US, our President does not have as much power as it might look outside since the actual government is divided into three branches, Executive, Legislative and Judicial, so the president might be the head of the Executive Branch but in the Legislative Branch we have the Congress of the Union, which has a Senate, a Chamber of Deputies and their respective presidents, and as head of the Judicial Branch we have the Supreme Court.
Emilio Guardado yeah this is I think called the presidential system. While the president is not connected to Congress like Prime Minister, he is only the head of the Executive Branch. Or 1/3 of the government. But undoubtedly he is the single most powerful person in all 3 branches and thus kind of has to take the role of Head of State and Government.
Here in the USA, (and guessing in Mexico) the President of the Executive Branch is the most powerful (which happens to be the president of USA) and the second (symbolically powerful) is the Vice President of Executive (VP of USA). Then goes to Speaker of the Lower Chamber of the Congress, then the president of the Upper house of the Congress. Then I’d imagine are the justice Supreme Court.
Same as Brazil.
Yes. Brazil has this system either.
I am from India 🇮🇳. Our head of Government is Prime minister Narendra Modi but our head of state is President Ramnath Kovind. There are students in my class who confuse the two (i.e. if you ask who is the President of India most won't answer at all and some would go Narendra Modi 😂) Politically I stand opposite to the party both of them are from, so it's so funny for me to see the supporters of their party stating the wrong facts or being uninformed while they boast about being Nationalists or Patriotic more than any other party. 😂😂
Yash Jani What are the titles for those jobs in your language?
J.J. McCullough Hey J J thanks so much for replying. And about the question, it's like we have too many official language I think if I remember it correctly we at least have 15 on back of our currency notes. But I can try to answer with 2 languages in that I know :
Hindi & Gujarati :
President = Rashtrapati ( written in Gujarati as રાષ્ટ્રપતિ )
Prime Minister = Pradhan Mantri ( written in Gujarati as પ્રધાનમંત્રી )
Fun fact : Mahatma Gandhi was from state of Gujarat as well as the current Prime minister so they both have Gujarati as their native language .
that is interesting! And are these the same words used to describe the prime ministers and presidents of other countries too? Or are they only used to describe the Indian ones?
Well as long as they are called Prime Minister and President in English, it does not matter which country they are from. Especially for Prime Minister as it has literal translation from English. પ્રધાનમંત્રી(Prime Minister) = પ્રધાન(Prime or the most important of all) + મંત્રી(Minister in some form of Government)
and for President (રાષ્ટ્રપતિ) = રાષ્ટ્ર (Nation)+ પતિ(The one who rules it)
but પતિ also means Husband 🤣😂
There are specifically 22 official languages in India. But infact there are 122 major languages and 780 languages with many more dialects (varies from source to source).
English and Hindi remain the most important and used for all Government purposes.
Most Indians are multi-lingual. I know 3 for example - English , Hindi and Odia.
So in France the roles of the PM and the President vary depending on if it's internal policy or foreign policy. In the former both the president and PM do a similar amount of work, since the PM "commands" most of the other ministers who are in charge of economics, public health, education... In foreign policy however, the PM has little to do and it's much more about the president.
I'm from Peru and our current Head of State is President Martin Vizcarra, former ambassador to Canada, and He is soon to pick the Primer Minister as the Head of Government. Until yesterday the Head of State was Pedro Pablo Kuczinsky and the Head of Government was Mercedes Aráoz.
Parlamentarism works this way, I guess
Except in South Africa and Botswana where the Parliament elects a person who acts both in the role of head of state and prime minister, and can dismiss them just like any prime minister.
Head of state: Julie Payette
Prime Minister: Justin Trudeau
yeah I live in Canada too, the capital to be precise
Elizabeth is Head of State, since she is in a higher office that appoints Julie Payette
The governor general is the acting head of state.
I noticed you forgot to mention this in your "How Canada's Government Works" video. But the Canadian Governor General suspended parliament at PM Harper's request in 2009.
Here in South Africa, the government is a parliamentary system with an executive presidency.
Our President is both the Head of State and Head of Government, elected by the National Assembly(each MP normally votes for their party's leader).
When South Africa became a republic in 1961, the Head of State was the State President and the Prime Minister was the Head of Government. This remained the order of the day until 1984, after the adoption of the 1983 Constitution. The position of Prime Minister was abolished and its powers were transferred to the State President.
The first State President was the last Governor-general, C.R. Swart.
The first executive State President was the last Prime Minister, P.W. Botha.
South Africa is a good combination of Presidential and parliamentary forms of government
As an Israeli I approve of the pronunciation of the name Reuven Rivlin
Shpilbass What is the correct way?
In "Reuven" it's 3 syllables: re, u, ven. The emphasis is on the ven.
In "Rivlin" the I's are pronounced more like the word Reed or Beach in English.
The R's are also different in hebrew, more like the German or French R. But as a person whose mother tongue is English, you pronounced it better as I'd expect.
Well Reuven is a Biblical name, I know. I actually had a friend in elementary school whose name was Reuven and we all pronounced it "roo-vin." But I know the Israelis have the more "authentic" pronunciations so I defer to you ;)
J.J. McCullough yeah, a lot of the names given in the west are actually biblical names (with anglocized pronunciation), some of which have been kind of forgotten in Israel and are not given anymore.
Such as Noah (which in hebrew instead of the h has a sound similar to the ch in Scottish "loch", or John which is Yochanan (with the same ch sound) and many more
Shpilbass Really? How many Israelis actually pronounce the shva under the ר? I feel like saying roo-VEIN is closer to what Israelis say, even though re-oo-VEIN is technically correct.
The head of state and head of government for my country is the Same person. Yes I know him well, yes he is well known. Do people like him? No. Do people care about him, No. Who is he? Trump.
Johnny Caergo lol people all over the world cares about him. He's in the news in my country all the time too
In Australia, the governer general fired the prime minister is 1975 and made the opposition leader the prime minister because the previous prime minister’s bills were often blocked by the oppostion controlled upper house. The power that the governer general used was controversial and was called the 1975 Australian constituional crisis.
"a nobody whose only job it is to fake-liking strangers"
I think you nailed it there
First
First!, Bet JJ won't see this :D
BearCalvalry you would lose that bet.
Damn, You Found Me!
What just went on here?
It gets weirder when you remember that in America the Vice President is also President of the Senate, and the Chief Justice is head of the Supreme Court. And Mitch McConnell was only the Senate majority leader, not President Pro-Tempre of the Senate, which was Senator Chuck Grassley. So there are 6 people with power, the President, the Vice President/President of the Senate, the President Pro-Tempore, the Chief Justice, the Senate Majority Leader, and the Speaker of the House.
Idk how it is is other countries but in Germany the president (Bundespräsident) is also able to stop things decided by the parliament (Bundestag)
In Algeria, we don't even know if our President Bouteflika is still alive lol. He didn't appear since 2013 and the one who rules the country is his brother and sometimes the Prime Minister Ouyahia.
(I subscribed btw, love your channel)
1:07 Walmart is rare in UK we mostly have asda (which is a company owned by Walmart)
In RF president is a head of state and commander in chief, he also has a veto right after the parlament`s decisions. And also we have a head of the goverment (prime minister) who appoints ministers and runs the executive branch of the state. President does more ceremonial things and serves as intermidiate between the branches. Also, he can not be a member of any party (but party can support him during the elections). It is all about balancing things.
We don't have Walmarts in the UK
Idk why I like this guys face, his facial expressions are satisfying to look at idk why 😂😂
In Finland we have prime minister who is the Head of government, and the president who is the Head of state. Our president doesn't have any real power, but he acts like as our foreign minister. He is on charge of foreign policy etc.
3:15 it does... just not in the Westminster system and not in monarchies. In parliamentary republics the president is kinda expected to actually mediate, after all it is one of the things they are elected to do. I’d say if you want to see examples of where a ceremonial president is head of state and doesn’t really have political policies yet actually does have a role in government you can have a look at Slovakia, Czechia, Portugal, Poland and Finland, it is really interesting to see how the prime minister leads the government, the parliament makes laws and supervises the government, but the president is able to take decisions on dissolving Parliament in some cases and even vetoing laws in Poland or sending them to a court in some other nations, as well as appointing certain judges. If the balance of power is done well a parliamentary republic or a semi presidential republic (without a really strong president though, I’m thinking more of Poland and Portugal than of France and Russia) can be one of the best systems we have for governing a country.
Hi JJ, Canada’s head of state is Queen Elizabeth II, not Julie Payette (same with Australia, New Zealand and the other “commonwealth realms”).
Here in Scotland, due to having a devolved parliament, we have a First Minister, who is currently Nicola Sturgeon of the Scottish Nationalists (SNP), and has limited powers, next we have the Prime Minister who is currently Theresa May of the Conservatives, and due to being the head of the Westminster Parliament, she has authority over the regional parliaments, then we have the Queen, who is symbolic.
Wales and Northern Ireland also have regional parliaments, but I'm not sure to what extent they have devolved powers.
Also tangent: The parties that campaign for Westminster also tend to have Scottish variants/districts, which confuses me a bit. (See Scottish Labour, Scottish Conservatives and Scottish Greens). There's a shadow cabinet in Westminster that contains members of the Opposition party (currently Labour).
Indonesia also has the US style with a president taking both heads, a bicameral govt, and the 3 seperation of powers
I like the idea of the division of head of state and head of government. In the US it can be hard for folks to appreciate national honors if they hate the president, which is usually about half the country. I also think there's a kind of soft power in a position like that which can help with a sense of national cohesion.
Hi! Portugal is actually a semi-presidential, with the head of state being able to veto bills from the parliament, as well as dissolve it. It is intended to be part of the constitutional checks and balances. Here the President is generally regarded as a moderator od the political debate, as well as a kind of political judge... it is a little bit strange, because he is basically a moderator with a (limited) veto power (he can also send bills to the constitutional court which can effectively block legislation) and also the power to drop an "atomic bomb" and dissolve government and parliament (which is usual practice after a resignation of the prime-minister, but can and did happen at the president's discretion).
Cheers!
Finland's President has been mostly ceremonial since the 1990s, but before that former presidents would regularly dissolve governments that couldn't get along (especially in the 1920s-30s). Our eighth president Urho Kekkonen sort of ran a pseudo-dictatorship from the early 1960s up to his resignation in the early 1980s. Though he was elected four times (Finland's presidents were elected by the parliament after a general election until the 1990s), he'd very frequently force ministers or entire governments to resign if they threatened his authority.
I live in Ireland. And the government has a Prime Minister but we call it the Taoiseach (pronounced TEE-shuk) who is currently Micheál (pronounced MEE-hol) Martin since 2020 and the government has a president who is currently Michael D Higgins since 2011
Well, I live in one of your introductory example countries, Germany. And yes, I know who my head of state is (still Frank-Walter Steinmeier). The Federal President doesn't really do much - the constitution does grant them a bit of emergency power, especially in a situation where parliament can't decide on a new Chancellor. The President also signs every new bill into law, and unlike the UK, where that is a pure formality, it has actually happened a few times that the President took his job in this case (make sure the law doesn't contain any obvious errors, basically serving as another pair of eyes to look it over) so seriously that he refused to sign it. In the seventy-one years that Germany has had this system, this has happened a grand total of eight times, plus another nine where the President did sign the law, but stated constitutional issues at the same time.
As a swede our head of state is just the King and the head of government is the prime minister(or directly translated the state minister). Our King has just mainly one duty and that is being the representative of Sweden. So in like international conferences is not the prime minister who is there but the king which I think is quite different than other countries.
Well those reserve powers do sometimes get used, such as when the Governor General of Australia fired the Prime Minister in 1975. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1975_Australian_constitutional_crisis
4:34 Hey, the World Cup is just as important!
Here in Ireland we have a president and a taoiseach, The President does all the symbolic stuff- the only real political power he has if he can refuse to sign any bill and send it to the supreme court who review if it is constitutional , he can also dissolve/summon the Dáil (parliament) if he chooses . The current president is Michael D Higgins and is he fairly well known and liked since we have to elect the president, he has drawn some criticism most notably after he praised Castro following his death. He is known for being a short, old man
In the 3rd minute you said you never seen any head of state show their emergency power. Well i know it's way old video, but just in the end of February 2020, Malaysian head of state used his power to elect the Prime Minister after the previous old resigned. Hope you can say something about this?
I'm french and I bring just a little precision in the french system. The president choose the prime minister in the majority in the national assembly. When the president and the prime minister are in same party, they lead the governement together. But when the majority in national assembly from to different party than the president, the prime minister lead the governement and the president is a ceremonial president. (I'm not sure of my english).
Nice video!
There are 9 head of state in Malaysia and each take turn/elected by conference of rulers to become the federal head of state or Yang Di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
Correct me if I’m wrong, but is the Governor General not just basically a delegate of the queen who does things in her absence? So technically the queen is Canada’s HoS but the Governor General basically does all her duties because she’s away, like a permanent stand in?
Please make a video on America's Canada counterfeit, Minnesota
I live Minnesota!
The head of the government here in Ireland is currently Michael Martin / Leo Varadkar (Power sharing coalition), and the Head of State is the the President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins
JJ- I'm curious. What do you think about the BC NDP and their plan to implement Proportional Representation?
2:27 Is there a joke here that I’m not understanding or did he forget to put a picture there? I’m confused.