Natapos na ang Bar! Eto na ang Suggested Answers sa Civil Law Bar Exam 2023

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  • Опубліковано 2 жов 2024
  • Natapos na ang 2023 Bar Exam! Here are the Suggested Answers to the Civil Law Bar Exam 2023! Let me know if parehas tayo ng mga sagot! 😊
    #hernandobar #civillaw #suggestedanswers

КОМЕНТАРІ • 139

  • @EJSantos-fm2yb
    @EJSantos-fm2yb 4 місяці тому +10

    Q #2 Atty. Isn't it that Mikael is Nina's Nephew by blood, since Nida (Mikael's biological Mother) is Nina's sister? Therefore Mikael and and Maricel are cousins by blood. Cousins are in fourth civil degree. Sec 1 art. 8 of the Family Code prohibits marriage of relatives up to the fourth civil degree. medyo nalito ako Atty. tama po ba?

    • @Arawnasumikat123
      @Arawnasumikat123 4 місяці тому +1

      I agree with you 100% kasi yan din and sagot ko na hindi pwede kasi prohibited pala sila under the law kasi 1st cousin.

    • @josephespina2453
      @josephespina2453 3 місяці тому

      I was thinking the same answer, collateral relatives whether legitimate or illegitimate up to the 4th civil degree cannot marry each other.

  • @marianotengco1407
    @marianotengco1407 8 місяців тому +1

    Hello Atty. Q#2 hindi po ba applicable ang article 38 of FC? Thank you po!

  • @raguelfaura3753
    @raguelfaura3753 9 місяців тому +4

    Atty, i was one of ur reviewees... I made it!!!! I will take my oath and sign the roll next week...Civil law was my highest... Thank u❤❤❤❤❤❤

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  5 місяців тому

      Wow! Congratulations pañero! 😊

  • @vandiesel3828
    @vandiesel3828 10 днів тому

    Q#2 Under art 38(1), marriage between collateral blood relatives, whether legitimate or illegitimate , up to fourth civil degree are viod ab initio by reason of public policy.

  • @siribniilokanochannel2769
    @siribniilokanochannel2769 2 місяці тому +1

    Very helpful to me Atty. God bless you po.

  • @levendies123
    @levendies123 9 місяців тому +1

    Hello Atty, thank you so much for your suggested answers and the amazing content that you provide. May I ask some advice for a fresh BAR passer on whether or not it is possible to start teaching in law schools around Manila especially like FEU, UE, Arellano and many more? What would be the best approach to start teaching in law schools? Thank you so much everything.
    P.S. I also was in jurist review and loved your reviews.

  • @Malamala02
    @Malamala02 Рік тому +3

    Pwede rin po kaya Atty. on question no. 11 void assuming that the value of painting exceeds 5k?

    • @rioporto9290
      @rioporto9290 Рік тому

      atty pwede po kay dito ang donation propter nuptias?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      @rioporto9290 It was a donation propter nuptias. Ang tanong, void ba yun?

  • @dyggiegeorge6698
    @dyggiegeorge6698 10 місяців тому +1

    Thank you Atty. The Civil Law Subject is my highest score in 2023 Bar Examinations, which significantly affects my general weighted average. God Bless you Atty.

  • @eliseobedania3658
    @eliseobedania3658 Рік тому +1

    If the bar examinees prepared 80?% passed the civil law
    .

  • @larryibanez9049
    @larryibanez9049 9 місяців тому +1

    Atty. Al Jumrani, I really enjoy your lecture especially on the way you express the suggested answers, is really brief, concise, and responsive. Maraming salamat sa pag share ng mga lessons mo. I really need in my review hopefully this year.

  • @floramaebagaforo4046
    @floramaebagaforo4046 Рік тому +1

    Atty. Baka meron din po kayo suggested answers for corporation 😊

  • @zenaton2747
    @zenaton2747 Рік тому +2

    Follow up po, under RA 11642, the effect on adoption, the adoptee will the legitimate son of the adopter for all intent and purposes. In relation to the question no. 2, di ba relative na so art. 37 fc will apply na, di ba?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      Yes, this is correct! Make sure you cite the change introduced by the new adoption law 😊

  • @andrespalma8906
    @andrespalma8906 Рік тому +2

    Thank you atty. for sharing your suggested answers. More power and God bless.

  • @mariamakiling3976
    @mariamakiling3976 Рік тому +1

    No 7. Atty, if spotted issues by the the examinee is that the guy based he’s claim in support which is not the same as parental authority. Where parental authority will basically exclusively under PA of the mother unless exceptional in character which is not in the facts. Not mentioned the 7 years old. Would you think it can get 3/4 points ? Base on arguments 😢

  • @josephespina2453
    @josephespina2453 3 місяці тому

    Question number 2 sir. Hindi po ba void dahil collateral relatives sila mikael, being nephew of nina and maricel being daughter of nina? Cousins po sila mikael and maricel dba?

  • @MiraCorporal
    @MiraCorporal 7 місяців тому

    Atty ano po yung sinasabi nila na ang small claims daw po ay started from 5,000 up pls explain po thank you

  • @ajaj9689
    @ajaj9689 11 місяців тому

    Ang incest pa din. Kase mag pinsan sila, first cousin by blood. Anak sila ng magkapatid na Nina at nida. NAKAKA DIRI

  • @LeoniloOracoyBiadnes
    @LeoniloOracoyBiadnes 8 місяців тому

    No sounds

  • @mariajanejuarez5626
    @mariajanejuarez5626 Рік тому

    Atty, good evening. Paano yan magfirst cousin din sina Mikael at Maricel. Si Mikael anak sa kapatid Ni Ninasi Nida. question number 2., Atty.

  • @christopherdizon1721
    @christopherdizon1721 Рік тому

    Atty. In #3 is it safe provide article 4, inrel to art.8 of NCC citing the exemption that whenever it is favorable to the accused. Since this is a criminal action, the decision of the court can be use as a defense since it is favorable to him. 😊

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +2

      Yes. The SC actually reasoned that any defense favorable to the accused should be considered. That’s why he was allowed to prove the nullity of the marriage as defense even without a prior judicial declaration

  • @leusmaximusx
    @leusmaximusx 6 місяців тому

    in #1, it should be stressed that Amado is a filipino citizen protected by Philippine law, it has force upon Chris even though as a foreigner he may refuse but as a father , the Philippine law strictly applies and superior to foreign laws in this case.

  • @lhjarq
    @lhjarq 5 місяців тому

    Attorney, good morning..saan po office ninyo, in case i need your help.. salamat po..God bless you..praise God.

  • @TheMrfritzoi
    @TheMrfritzoi Рік тому

    Thank you, Atty. Up to the last minute, yung boses at dance steps niyo sa lmt ang na rerecall ko po. Praying magpapa picture po ako sa inyo na abogado na sa Dec.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      Yes. Looking forward to seeing you all sa oath taking 🙏

  • @ChristianDaveAngeles
    @ChristianDaveAngeles 9 місяців тому

    III. Under the doctrine of immunity from suit, the State cannot be sued without its consent. How may the consent be given by the State? Explain your answer.

  • @MaryamRameso
    @MaryamRameso 9 місяців тому

    Hello po!Atty.ask ko lng need po ba nakapag aral sa college bago maka pasok sa law school?

  • @romjohnprado5066
    @romjohnprado5066 10 місяців тому

    ngayon lang ako nagka courage mag check ng suggested answers kasi nka pass na ako. i'm a mentee from jurist po

  • @lexrider2056
    @lexrider2056 Рік тому

    Good day Atty. Al, on question no.7 po, what if I am in favor of Billy, would the Examiner consider- the argument is against public moral ang job ng mother?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      If you stated the rule first na sa mother dapat yung bata unless unfit sya on moral grounds, may credit pa din yun. 😊

  • @JazeBlaze8
    @JazeBlaze8 Рік тому +2

    On Question number 9 po Atty. Lani and Rufino left "4" children when they died yet ang naghati lang ng estate after nung sale nung 1/2 is Arturo & Bugoy only. How about the two other heirs po?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      I am wondering the same thing. Pero hindi naman issue yung dalawang nawawalang kapatid. Ang issue is between Bienvenido and Spouses Cruz. Kaya yan ang sagot ko. Kung ikaw ang sasagot, how would you answer Question No. 9?

    • @JazeBlaze8
      @JazeBlaze8 Рік тому

      ​@@TheHowsofLaw hmm.. I see, copy po Atty., Thank you! kung ako po siguro, hmmm... Bienvinido's complaint will prosper but only to his proportionate share of the property. Settled is the rule that a co-owner has the right to alienate his pro-indiviso share in a co-owned property. Hence, bugoy has the right to sell his pro-indiviso share to sps cruz. However, he cannot assert claim or claim title to any specific portion of the property owned in common without an actual partition of the property being first done either by agreement between the 4 heirs or by judicial decree. Jurisprudence provides that the sale of a specific or definite portion of unpartitioned land is null & void with respect to co-owners who did not give their consent to the sale. (try lang po, diko din sure,hehe)

    • @craftyboy0071
      @craftyboy0071 Рік тому

      same po kami ni sir jason. may credit po kaya answers namin? 😢

    • @jjpalermo721
      @jjpalermo721 Місяць тому

      @@JazeBlaze8 agree to this one. Bugoy's property right is limited to the 1/4 of the 1/2 of the whole property or to aliquot share of 1/8. As such, only the 1/8 is valid sale, the other 1/8 is null and void

  • @attytowowo3116
    @attytowowo3116 10 місяців тому

    Atty, sa #12 po, hindi po ba applicable ang Art. 900 of the Civil Code where it states that only ½ is the free portion that may be given by will and the widow is entitled to ½ as legitime? Even if it's not preterition, wouldn't it result in partial annulment of the institution of heirs instead to the extent that his legitime is prejudiced?

  • @bykenmangelen1419
    @bykenmangelen1419 Рік тому +1

    Salam po sir…an avid subscriber here🤗

  • @mariamakiling3976
    @mariamakiling3976 Рік тому

    No.8 , void partnership created hence co-ownership resulted. 3-4 points what you think not perfect but ?

  • @mariamakiling3976
    @mariamakiling3976 Рік тому

    No.9 , pro indiviso share without the partition. Hence sale is subject To subrogarion of right where the buyer steps into the shoes of the obliges. How much your points 3 or 4 ?

  • @ahmeedsoong461
    @ahmeedsoong461 Рік тому

    Tanong ko lang po.... legal po ba na ipagtanggol ng mga ABOGADO ang isang KRIMINAL o mamamatay tao o isang RAPIST na kahit mas malamang ay isa syang KRIMINAL?

  • @zenaton2747
    @zenaton2747 Рік тому +3

    Attorney, sa question no 2. You suggested that they can marry each other. However, in the facts given, they were first cousins because the boy is the son of the sister who died, eventually the surviving sis adopted him. Her own daughter and pamangkin adopted son will marry each other. My question now is allowed na ba sa Phil law Ang marriage between first cousins?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      At the time of marriage, hindi na sila mag pinsan. Inadopt na si boy. So half siblings sila. Adopted and illegitimate child of the same adopter

    • @impenetrablelegalese2410
      @impenetrablelegalese2410 Рік тому

      ​@@TheHowsofLaw naku atty sagot ko jan bawal sila ikasal kasi mag pinsan sila at dahil ngayon nirerecognize n ng batas na ung adopted child ay same as legitimate child... mali pla sagot ko.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      @impenetrablelegalese2410 May tama ka naman 😊

    • @impenetrablelegalese2410
      @impenetrablelegalese2410 Рік тому

      @@TheHowsofLaw salamat atty. Fav ko talaga civil law tas pag ikaw nag lelecture hindi ako masyado nabobore makinig at manood. Thank you!

    • @impenetrablelegalese2410
      @impenetrablelegalese2410 10 місяців тому

      ​@@TheHowsofLawatty salamat naka pasa ako sa 2023 bar exam 😭

  • @MiggieMontefalco-fs2qx
    @MiggieMontefalco-fs2qx 11 місяців тому

    Sir can we legally reason that Mikael and Maricel cannot marry for lack of parental advice due to no marriage license issued? Ang tanong is if they can get married

  • @ljrplaylist6708
    @ljrplaylist6708 Рік тому +2

    sa question no. 2 atty, dba sister si nina at the deceased mother of mikael? so 1st cousin sila dba po?

    • @Critiko1219
      @Critiko1219 Рік тому

      Same po tayo ng napansin.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      When Nina adopted Mikael, hindi na sya pamangkin. Anak na sya ni Nina 😊

    • @ErnieMillomeda
      @ErnieMillomeda Рік тому

      @@TheHowsofLaw Atty if anak na sya ni Nina so di na mag first cousin si Maricel at Mikael? magkapatid na? please enlighten me Atty.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      @user-iv4tj7lt2c Tama. Magkapatid na sila dahil adopted si Mikael. Pwede ang sagot incestuous marriage dahil between legitimate and illegitimate siblings dahil an adopted child is a legitimate child

    • @ErnieMillomeda
      @ErnieMillomeda Рік тому

      @@TheHowsofLaw so void po sya Atty?

  • @johndestacamento7090
    @johndestacamento7090 Рік тому

    Hello, Atty. On Q8, pwede po ba iinvoke ang Parol Evidence Rule since the contract was reduced in writing?

  • @Paul-yh3cu
    @Paul-yh3cu Рік тому

    Sir may i ask lang po sa No. 2 question.
    Hindi po sila mag pinsan sila Mikael at Maricel? So under our law they can't get married because it is incestuous marriage.
    Ps. Legal management graduate lang po ako at planning to enter law school next year.

  • @joseemmanuelmasangya2049
    @joseemmanuelmasangya2049 Рік тому +4

    Hello Atty,
    On number 2 can i invoke paragraph 1 of art 38 of the family code, because it is within the 4th civil degree of consanguinity? Thank you Sir!

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +6

      Magpinsan sila nung una pero nung inadopt na si boy, naging half sibling na sila. Hindi na sila magpinsan. 😊

    • @Makstalds143
      @Makstalds143 Рік тому +3

      same question, so the blood relation is not based really on blood but on law? since inadapt na si boy?

    • @joseemmanuelmasangya2049
      @joseemmanuelmasangya2049 Рік тому

      @@TheHowsofLaw question again sir will this not cicumvent the law? Thank you sir 🙏🙏🙏

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      Yes, the prohibition is based on law. That’s why it’s called void for reasons of public policy.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +4

      @joseemanuel The law does not make sense. Bawal ang adopted at legitimate child of the adopter adopter. Pero pwede ang adopted at illegitimate child of the adopter.

  • @Tonette926
    @Tonette926 Рік тому +1

    Hello Atty, in question #2, can I argue otherwise that, notwithstanding he is an adopted child of Nina, Mikael is first and foremost a first cousin of Maricel, a collateral blood relative in the 3rd degree which is prohibited by Article 38(1) of the Family Code?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +2

      That argument can be given credit. This question can elicit at least three answers, yours included

    • @Tonette926
      @Tonette926 Рік тому

      @@TheHowsofLaw Thank you po Attorney. ❤️

    • @ely7189
      @ely7189 11 місяців тому +1

      SC: Law Cannot Alter Blood Relationships. They are still related by blood. They cannot deny that.

    • @perryblanco1446
      @perryblanco1446 День тому

      Sa tingin ko po ang sagot lang ninyo ang tama. Kung sabit na sila sa pinakauna sa listahan sa Art 38 ng FC, hindi na talaga sila pwedeng mag-asawa.

  • @cramwellbanogon3199
    @cramwellbanogon3199 11 місяців тому +2

    Hi Atty. Thank you very much for your suggested answers. It was very informative indeed. May I just respectfully clarify the answer to Question No. 2? In this problem, is it not that Mikael, notwithstanding his adoption by his mother's sister Nina is still the 1st cousin of Maricel, her being the latter's daughter? As such, Mikael and Maricel are collateral blood relatives of the 4th civil degree. Under the Family Code, marriages are void from the beginning for reasons of public policy between collateral blood relatives whether legitimate or illegitimate up to the fourth civil degree. Therefore, Maricel and Mikael cannot validly get married. Please enlighten me.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  11 місяців тому

      The marriage is void applying the new Adoption Law, making the adopted child a legitimate child of the adopter. They are considered brothers and sisters of the half blood. Hence, the marriage is incestuous.

  • @maryjanesison1950
    @maryjanesison1950 Рік тому

    Nasa bahay po... back to work

  • @kaizenshinichi
    @kaizenshinichi Рік тому

    Atty., ang sakit naman yung binitawan mo na word sa question no. 6.. "BASIC"

  • @primmabelle14
    @primmabelle14 Рік тому

    I just started viewing your channel Attorney. Thank you po. Sakto maaral ko po to para sa Civ Rev namin.

  • @ChesfromtheAcc1
    @ChesfromtheAcc1 Рік тому

    Thank you Atty.!
    Nasa bundok po 😅

  • @feebleminded4689
    @feebleminded4689 Рік тому

    more questions and answers lodi!

  • @bonmayverickbernal1923
    @bonmayverickbernal1923 Рік тому

    Q8 Po Atty. Cant the law on partnership be used po in the sharing of profits and expenses. Thanks po atty.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      No. There was no partnership. Co-ownership lang. Apply Art. 485 of the Civil Code.

  • @anaportiabanalcarza
    @anaportiabanalcarza 5 місяців тому

    Salamat po.

  • @hjon9119
    @hjon9119 Рік тому

    Tama ang sagot ko

  • @larryibanez9049
    @larryibanez9049 Рік тому +1

    Indeed you have been a blessing to me in my review.. Thank you very much.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      Thank you! It is my honor and pleasure. God bless! 🙏

    • @larryibanez9049
      @larryibanez9049 2 місяці тому

      @@TheHowsofLaw Thank you for your reply.

  • @karlminglana5526
    @karlminglana5526 Рік тому

    Atty. Pwedi po pala mag inherit ang illegitimate child sa relatives nang parent sa number 13?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      So far, based on Art 982 of the Civil Code and the Amadea Aquino jurisprudence, from the grandparents lang.

    • @karlminglana5526
      @karlminglana5526 Рік тому +1

      salamat po Atty.@@TheHowsofLaw

  • @Critiko1219
    @Critiko1219 Рік тому

    Hope you don't mind po Sir Atty ba. Just asking lang po.
    Sa Question No. 2 po kasi. Ginagamitan ko po ng Logic.
    Di ba po. Mag-first cousin sila ni Mikael at ni Maricel?
    Kasi magkapatid po yung mga Biological Mother nila eh.
    Magkapatid po si Nida na Biological Mother ni Mikael at yung si Nina naman na Biological Mother ni Maricel.

    • @Paul-yh3cu
      @Paul-yh3cu Рік тому

      Same thoughts dito ako nalito since technically mag first cousin sila. 😔 Need enlightenment sa issue na to.

    • @perryblanco1446
      @perryblanco1446 День тому

      Tama kayo. Art 38 of FC prohibits them from getting married due to consanguinity. Blood relatives sila within the 4th degree.
      Sa palagay ko, mali si Atty sa sagot niya.

  • @clairegerero7874
    @clairegerero7874 Рік тому

    Thank you, thank you, Atty. Jumrani.

  • @kerokero-t5p
    @kerokero-t5p Рік тому

    Hello po Atty. Di po ba 16yrs older dapat si adopter kay adoptee?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      Yes. 16 years older than the adoptee. May exceptions but not applicable here

  • @chinita3471
    @chinita3471 Рік тому

    Great videos po Atty!

  • @ThakorBhaput
    @ThakorBhaput 11 місяців тому

    Sir nabar send mi

  • @lucybutron8322
    @lucybutron8322 Рік тому

    Thank you atty ❤️

  • @napoleonmozar7936
    @napoleonmozar7936 Рік тому

    Thank you Atty

  • @JasonLerryTorio-mt5xn
    @JasonLerryTorio-mt5xn Рік тому

    No.2 Incestuous marriage

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      I agree. The suggested answer is based only on the strict interpretation of Art. 38, FC

  • @rainierjohnbernardo233
    @rainierjohnbernardo233 Рік тому

    Good evening Atty.
    Atty sa question no. 8 po, pede ba natin i apply ang obligatory force of contract under Art 1159 of NCC which states that Obligations arising from contracts has a force of law between the parties and should be complied in good faith. Furthermore, contracting parties may stipulate clause, terms and conditions as they may deemed convenient provided that it is not contrary to law , morals and public policy.
    In the given case, Niccolo and Meann agreed in writing that the benefits as well as the charges affecting the property would be equal hence the proceeds of the fruits / rent should be 50%.
    Thank you po.

    • @markangelotorres5440
      @markangelotorres5440 Рік тому +1

      Stipulation is void (period)

    • @moweeds4209
      @moweeds4209 Рік тому +2

      Contrary to law on partnership kaya naging void law on partnership will govern

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      Apply Art. 485 of the Civil Code

    • @rainierjohnbernardo233
      @rainierjohnbernardo233 Рік тому

      @@TheHowsofLaw Thank you po atty. Salamat sa mga videos nyo po.

    • @Mixed_Tape
      @Mixed_Tape 11 місяців тому

      sir, art. 485 is a provision on co-ownership. Is this not fall within the purview of partnership? kc under partnership law, sharing of profit and loss is based on agreement. if none, pro rata. asking lng po. im curious kc unfair ung agreement ng sharing. but under the law on partnership, the agreement shall prevail bec. that is their intention. intention matters.

  • @julsjedy5581
    @julsjedy5581 Рік тому

    Sino po yung nag tuturo ng remedial law? Para po ma follow po hehe

  • @moweeds4209
    @moweeds4209 Рік тому

    Hay kala ko magpinsan

  • @kent028
    @kent028 Рік тому

    Atty. for #2 is it possible to invoke a voide marraige between brothers and sisters, whether legitimate and illegitimate under Art 37 of FC and relate it to the new Administrative Adoption Law that the adopted children are legitimate children of the adopter?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      This is also correct! You have to cite the new adoption law in the answer 😊

    • @kent028
      @kent028 Рік тому

      ​@@TheHowsofLawThank you Atty. pati na rin po sa LMT nyo and sa mahiwagang fishbowl. Random po kasi sequence ng questions sa Bar and magkasunod ang question sa adoption and yung sa marriage kaya nagamit ko agad sa both questions ang new adoption law.

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      @kent028 Sa galing mo mag-analyze ng problem, deserved mo pumasa. Praying for you! See you sa MCLE! 😊

    • @aleeyasmile
      @aleeyasmile Рік тому

      This is also my answer Atty. I cited the new adoption law, wherein Mikael and Nina are now considered siblings after Nina adopted Mikael. :) I hope I will still get points with this answer 🙏

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому +1

      @aleeyasmile Actually, good thinking on your part! Your answer should be given full credit. 😊

  • @mariamakiling3976
    @mariamakiling3976 Рік тому

    Para kang si chiz escudero mag salita atty! God speed helping Filipinos to become a great lawyer! ❤

  • @Ztib
    @Ztib Рік тому

    Hi Atty. hindi po ba applicable yung case ng Masbate v Relucio sa Q7?

    • @TheHowsofLaw
      @TheHowsofLaw  Рік тому

      You can use the doctrines in Relucio like the mother has exclusive parental authority and custody over the illegitimate child and that a child of tender years cannot be separated from the mother. But note that in Relucio, the mother allegedly abandoned the child and the father had prior actual custody of the child. Magkaiba ang facts. Therefore, different outcomes 😊