The German View on the Battle of the Caucasus (1942)
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- Опубліковано 21 жов 2022
- After Operation Fall Blau started Army Group South was divided: Army Group A would make its way towards the Caucasus and capture the oil fields of Maikop, Grozny and Baku. Army Group B would advance towards Stalingrad. The main reason why Germany lost WW2 was the lack of oil. The Germans were not victorious during the Battle of the Caucasus. The Caucasus Campaign ended when the Germans had to pull back due to the defeat at Stalingrad. In this video more about the German perspective on WW2: how the Germans viewed the Caucasus in 1942.
History Hustle presents: The German View on the Battle of the Caucasus (1942).
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SOURCES
- Oil and the Great Powers. Britain and Germany. 1914 to 1945 (Anand Toprani).
- The Battle for the Caucasus (Anthony Tucker-Jones).
- The German War. A Nation under Arms, 1939-45 (Nicholas Stargardt).
- Ostkrieg. Hitler's's War of Extermination in the East (Stephen G. Fritz).
- Death of the Wehrmacht. The German Campaigns of 1942 (Robert M. Citino).
- Brieven van de Wehrmacht. Duitse soldaten vertellen over hun oorlog (Marie Moutier).
- The Second World War (Antony Beevor).
- • Oil - Hitler's Only Ch... (04-10-2022).
IMAGES
Images from commons.wikimedia.org.
VIDEO
Video material from:
archive.org/details/1942-09-3...
1942-09-30 - Die Deutsche Wochenschau Nr. 630
archive.org/details/19420826D...
1942-08-26 - Die Deutsche Wochenschau Nr. 625 (19m 10s, 352x288)
• Gebirgsjäger - German...
Gebirgsjäger - German mountain troops in the Caucasus 1942 (Combat Footage)
• German summer offensiv...
German summer offensive of 1942 "Fall Blau" Dramatic World War II combat footage
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GERMAN PERSPECTIVE ON WW2 PLAYLIST:
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@@marcoskehl 👍
Great video, we study the world wars and try to get an idea of what happened but the suffering on all sides, military and civilian is truly unimaginable.
Harsh times yes.
By far the most interesting campaign of the war in my opinion and it's covered really well, espeically the info from those German magazines. The Fall Blau campaign is that strange period between German confidence and defeat.
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Good one Stefan Good topic . Back on track with fascinating subjects
Thanks Will.
Thanks for another great video. BZ
“If oil is a queen, Baku is her throne” Churchill.
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Great video, I don’t have much to add, you honestly laid this out exactly as I would have! The Caucasus Front in both WWI and WWII is one of the most important yet under-covered theaters of war.
Supposedly in June 1942, with the Italians and co. already in sight of Alexandria and threatening the Suez, the plan was for the Germans to meet the Italians in Basra, on the shores of the Persian Gulf. This would have put both Baku and Basra, two of the great oil cities of the world, in German and Italian hands, and it still looked possible by late 1942.
Interestingly, as part of their aid to the 1918 Ottoman-Azerbaijani Caspian Campaign, Germany made an alliance with newly-independent Georgia and sent advisors and equipment to Tbilisi. Of course Georgia would soon be conquered and annexed by the Soviet Union, setting the stage for the building up of a pro-German/anti-Communist guerrilla movement in Soviet Georgia, which then went into action on behalf of the Germans in 1941 to wreak havoc on the Soviets.
Thanks for sharing this.
Well-researched, clear and succinct. Another excellent history video.
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All that oil was useless unless it was refined. It was less costly for America to ship gasoline and other oil products from here to Russia, than send people to try repair and utilize primitive facility and zero logistics for transport , which General Motors provided. Russian soidiers transported by Ford, Chrysler, Willis, and others. Hell Stalin was driven around in a Packard . I believe if America had any idea what the American people could bring to bear on their enemy, if forced to do so, or the amount of blood it would shed to right this wrong. We might not have given UNC Joe near as much as we did. Knowing his intentions ,
This is by far the best summary I’ve seen on this widely discussed topic. I look forward to your presentations every week.
Awesome. Thanks for your reply!
Great video. Thank you.
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Sorry if this has been mentioned, didn't see it, but "Or." would be Vladikavkaz in North Ossetia-Alania, Russia. It was known as Ordzhonikidze in WW2. It's the northern end of the Georgian Military Road and was almost reached by the Germans during the campaign. Taking it would have largely cut off Tbilisi/Tiflis as the German soldier noted.
Thanks for sharing.
I thought of that town as well. Looking in the map, it is the furthest south advance the germans ever made into the caucasus. Also, there is a small memorial on such town where the engagements took place. They were really close, to be honest. Damn, I'd love to visit those places.
Thanks for the history lesson.
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Very much appreciate the summary nature and clarity of the presentation. I am studying German troop movements of WWII, and have detailed accounts from various sources that I am piecing together, but those seem too granular for me to fully understand the "big picture".....which this vid ( and several more of yours)...do. Thank you.
Thanks for watching Wil 👍
Its not really much known by many people that the Caucasus was so important in Ww2
True.
@@HistoryHustle ever been to the caucasus?
Loved the intro sir!
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I really enjoyed this episode, it seems like you put a lot of hard work into it Ty, And that beard is looking very well groomed 🧔♂️ Altho I think a Howie mustache would suit ur personality well too. 👍
Very glad you appreciate it. Cheers👍
There's an old video showing German troops reaching the great Manyisch (German sp) dam in 1942. This was near the Caspian Sea. That point was often considered the boundary between Europe & Asia. As Charles De Gaulle once grudgingly said when he visited the ruins of Stalingrad, 'what a people to have come so far'. No military force had marched that far since the days of Alexander the Great. I'm guessing the German soldiers were too busy trying to stay alive so they didn't appreciate the fact that they were making history.
Thanks for sharing this
@@HistoryHustle The video I alluded to is toward the end of 'Die Deutsche Wochenschau Nr. 623 -12. August 1942'. Would love to see you do a video on it, you're great at adding needed background & context to videos of this type.
Hi all. Sorry for the mistakes, I'm writing through a translator. I am from the North Caucasus, maybe someone will be interested in what is the attitude towards the Germans here. The elders say that the Germans treated the peoples very well. Many have tasted chocolate, sweets and other products from the Germans for the first time. They were allowed to carry weapons, pray, open mosques. But here they speak very badly about the Romanians, they killed a lot of people and generally behaved like animals. With the Germans, a lot of Caucasians left later during the retreat.
Thanks for sharing this.
I like that jacket, is it a remake or surplus? And could you let me know where you got it or similar please? Love the video as well 👍🏻
Remake. Got it from a friend. He got it in Germany somewhere..
Ahh ok thank you for replying 👍🏻
You should cover the british union of fascists.
Perhaps one day.
Would be interesting.
They should never have gone for Moscow in 1941, Franz Halder's great strategic mistake.
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Believe so too.
They was drinking their own Kool-Aid so to speak. Pretty sure the Wermacht was undefeated in the battlefield up to that point. I'm sure confidence was high!
They should have never invaded Russia
Well, the Germans have always had a penchant for getting into wars with everyone all at once
@@weirdshibainu the entire point of the war was to conquer the Baltic, Ukraine, Crimea, and the Caucasus, all of which Germany had been forced to withdraw from after the “stab in the back” armistice of 1918
America and the Soviets were two of the biggest producers of oil but I think Venezuela might have been bigger than the Soviets by a little bit. I know that sounds bizarre but they've been producing oil down there forever and we're pretty early in the game.
Venezuela is a big one as well. Not sure how it was back then.
@@HistoryHustle I was watching some other video a couple months back and if I remember it correctly they were number two or three. They were that big. The Middle Eastern Wells were pretty small at that point in comparison though large enough to probably have supported the German army but barely so. During the 60s and the seventies they would find a lot more oil in that region and it would become the dominant oil area which is still mostly is. The surprisingly the United States produces a massive amount of oil as well now.
Where can I get that Splittertarnjacke
Dunno. Google it. I got mine from a friend.
Thanks for covering this relatively unknown (in the West) yet important campaign.
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You sound very perceptive. Keep them coming.
Thank you.
On the other hand, just for your viewers info, the outmost Eastern tip of the entire Eastern Front reached by any of the Axis forces during the entire campaign of WWII it was of only 20 kms from down town Groznîi city (following the battle and capture of Nalcik city earlier).
And that was done by the Romanian 2nd Mountain Rangers Divison (Divizia a 2a Munte) the commander's name : General I. Dumitrache.
Peace from Romania.🕊
Отец моего мужа и тетя были арестованы румынами в это время за то, что брат и муж были в партизанах. Они сидели в каморке, которая заменяла тюрьму и слышали, как ночью румыны строили висилицу. Утром их ждала казнь, но к утру советские войска освободили село и приговоренных к казни. Вот такое воспоминание осталось в семье о пребывании румын на Кавказе. Но, конечно, у вас есть право гордиться своим соотечествеником - генералом. Кстати, отец моего мужа был тогда ребенком 13ти лет.
From Wikipedia: "The Fischer-Tropsch process is a collection of chemical reactions that converts a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen or water gas into liquid hydrocarbons. These reactions occur in the presence of metal catalysts, typically at temperatures of 150-300 °C (302-572 °F) and pressures of one to several tens of atmospheres. The process was first developed by Franz Fischer and Hans Tropsch at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Coal Research in Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, in 1925.[1]
As a premier example of C1 chemistry, the Fischer-Tropsch process is an important reaction in both coal liquefaction and gas to liquids technology for producing liquid hydrocarbons.[2] In the usual implementation, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the feedstocks for FT, are produced from coal, natural gas, or biomass in a process known as gasification. The process then converts these gases into synthetic lubrication oil and synthetic fuel.[3] This process has received intermittent attention as a source of low-sulfur diesel fuel and to address the supply or cost of petroleum-derived hydrocarbons. It is now receiving much renewed attention as a means of producing carbon-neutral liquid hydrocarbon fuels from atmospheric CO2 and hydrogen. "
Very energy intense, very expensive and very polluting process. If one is going to produce synthetic fuel ammonia is a better system but still rather nasty for the environment.
STEFAN- Just an "interesting" note on the subject of the DER ADLER Magazine! The very LAST issue was 12 September 1944, and the last few editions averaged around 12 pages- surely the Editors knew the end was near... but the German people were still being deceived!!💯
Thanks for sharing!
@@HistoryHustle My Great Uncle also fought liberating Holland, with Canadian Army- he fought in the Scheldt and then onward to Germany. He shared with us a horrible story where they were accepting the surrender of some very young Wehrmacht Volksgrenadiers who were then machine gunned by SS that were with them until the Canadians silenced the SS machine gun position...
Another great video, Stefan. Love the splinter camouflage. Love the channel. Cheers.
Many thanks Paul👍
Zieke baard!! Leuke vakantie gehad
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Amd all the italian and romanian mountain corps were used to guard the far left flank on the stalingrad platue, soldier wise they were very capable, but they didnt have armour, the steppe is where tanks shine and thats why they crumbled when the ussr counteroffensive came, they should of been sent down south imo
Ola, sou nipo- brasileira que mora no Japao e agradeceria a legenda em português ❤🇧🇷 🇯🇵
I am sorry but I don't have the knowledge nor time nor time for this.
Hello Stefan, great content ❤Thank you for sharing your research 👍✌️
Many thanks.
I think that the 1941 German offensive should have been centered on the south as the 1942 offensive was. I do not mean that Leningrad and Moscow did not have valuable objectives but the priority goals (oil and food) were in the south. This explains why the soviets had more and their better troops in that area since, if an attack occurred, they expected the main thrust there. But of course nothing guaranteed success due to the demolition policy of the oil fields. Thank you Stefan!
As long as Russia still had strength,they will never get oil. So they were not wrong,just failed. But then it's wrong to get oil, hindsight speaking, they didn't get them, but if they put those troops in Stalingrad, maybe they could take it.
Excellent introducing with informative coverage about Caucasus oil issue during WW2.allot thanks for (History hustle ) channel ...allot Respect for( Sir Stefan ) &appreciate for hard work preparing
Many thanks, Mo!
Germans tried to maintain resistance movement in North Caucasian region and in Kalmyk republic. The plan of Chechen rebels' support was named "Operation Shamil" (Imam Shamil was one of the top Chechen leaders during the Caucasian war in XIX century) and carryed out by Brandenburg-800 regiment and Sonderverband Bergmann (a special unit of Abwehr consisting of Soviet POW's from Nothern Caucasus, such as Chechens, Ingushes &c. and leading by Ober-Leutnant d.R. Rudolph Lange, later a recipient of the Knight's Cross for this action). The operation was failed of course (as well as Operation "Kranich" in Kalmykian republic).
I like that camo hoodie! AND THE CHANNEL
Great 😎
9:47 Jean Sibelius Finlandia, Germans apparently used Finnish classical music
Didnt know!
Eberhardt von Mackensen.
Son of old August?
Could be related. Not sure.
Interesting
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A very interesting topic. A great complement to TIK history ‘s Stalingrad series to find out what happened further South. Big thumbs up !
Thanks!
the capture of Stalingrad and the attack on Baku were essential - but the Germans were simply over-extended.. Hitler knew this, but was being told the Soviets did not have the strength for a major offensive late in 1942. Operation Uranus caught the Germans by surprise, not in it happening, but in its scale. cutting off Stalingrad, trapping the 6th Army and potentially cutting off the Army group in the Caucuses .. the house of cards Germans had thought USSR was turned out to be the German forces.
Due to you tip long ago, Stefan I subscribed to TIKhistory channel and saw his video about this topic "The MAIN Reason Why Germany Lost WW2 - OIL" You both are awesome.
Obrigado! (ʘ‿ʘ)ノ✿ 🇧🇷
ugh... TIK
@@Blunderbussy Maybe TIK is a little boring, but loves History like us... ㋛ Thank you!
@@marcoskehl TIKs history is pretty solid but way too much internet drama, I prefer Stefan who keeps it focused on historical analysis
@@scottabc72 I understand. Thank you!
TIK is awesome. More for those who love the extreme details and analyses.
Good video. Like the splinter pattern camo smock btw. Is that an original or a reproduction?
Thanks. I have a repro.
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Hi
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Hey Stefan where did you get that map behind you?
Old school map. From my school.
Also a interesting although completely forgotten aspect of the Caucasian front is the Local Collaboration Forces like the Georgian, Armenian, and Azeri Legions which you covered very well Stefan. Though there's also the Chechen Pro-German Guerillas under Hasan Israilov and the Cossack tribes who were amalgamated into the XV Cossack Cavalry Corps (which you also greatly covered).
Do check my two video's on the Eastern Legions:
ua-cam.com/video/TEhX9q7wtzo/v-deo.html
ua-cam.com/video/yEAPyIweGpg/v-deo.html
@@HistoryHustle oh I've seen them already but I will rewatch them again, I'd forgotten you'd covered the North Caucasian Legion which included circassians and Chechens. Thank you for the great content as per usual
I always wondered how the Germans viewed that front but never saw much about it
I forgot to mention, if you look for Medal "For the Defence of the Caucasus", if you look closer, you recognize 3 oil towers on the right half of the medal. Maybe this supports the theory of war for oil, which is in my opinion not a theory but a historical fact.
Good video. There's always the question of "what if" Hitler had stayed focused on the Caucasus and simply did what was necessary to lessen any threat from Stalingrad. Also, I didn't know about the Chechen revolt. Maybe you can do something on that one ding dong day. Take care.
The war in the Pacific was also driven by oil. The american capitalist class despite some sympathies found authoritarian governments poor stewards in trade and tolerated sanctions.
Yes, also played a huge part.
@@HistoryHustle nice to be back . Looking for and finding pre clovis at two sites in central texas. It is amazing what finding can do. I will haunt your content til summer I really enjoy it
Funding .... We don't "
Find we excavate
Hi Stefan - have you been watching the TIK series on "Battlestorm Stalingrad" and many other WW2 issues??
Ive seen it so far. Very impressive series! So much detail.
One of the more obscure campaigns, at least from a Western point of view but if they had seized the oilfields of the Caucasus intact it would have had a very real effect on the Wehrmacht's ability to wage war, since it would have solved the crippling fuel supply problems that they were such a handicap on their operations.
Well presented. Thankyou.
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Great topic! I learn so much here. In current events unfolding , it is timely to know the history and a glimps of Chechen history related to Russia.
Thanks for your reply.
Hitler stupid split his forces into 5 or more fronts. France, Moscow. North, Central, South, Africa Corps, etc. This resulted in splitting his forces & supply chain which wasn't very modern. A lot of supplies ran on Horse carts! He should have concentrated on the Moscow front & then took on the other fronts. The Africa Corps was always a dubious front. Germany didn't have a significant Blue Water navy, hence supply would always be a problem.
Omg Stephan has gone over to the Axis, we may lose the war! Great work as always mate. Thanks
Thanks for watching 👌
An interesting film Stefan ! A common view is Stalingrad or the Caucasus personally I think both were doomed, had not the attack on Stalingrad happened then the logistics for the Caucasus thrust would've been far greater although I think that was still wishful thinking. However had the Wehrmacht taken the fields there was a good chance they would've fuelled forces based there with the oil, it hardly made sense to send it back into Russia and back to Germany as there wasn't the logistic resources to do that. There is also the fact that the capture of the fields would've denied them to the Soviets which would've had a great effect, a case of if I can't have it then neither will you. Additionally there was also the last ditch option of hitting the fields from the air with a short and intense bombing attack which would've at least disrupted Russian operations for sometime. There are more than one 'what ifs ?' with the Caucasus campaign. There was also Operation Schamil which is worth looking at although there is not much available at least in English ! I look forward to your next film.
I feel sorry for the horses. People suck.
Many pack animals perished.
Hi Stefan, another great video! Finally somebody who created an own video about this subject. The German oilcampaign is only shortly mentioned in docus about the battle of the Caucasus. If ever. And therefore rarely discussed. Its interesting topic and I would appreciate if you would do another video about the German oil plans. I recommended 3 books in German language. First, Deutsches Kriegsziel Irak: Der deutsche Griff auf den Nahen Osten im Zweiten Weltkrieg: Über Kaukasus und Kairo zum Öl des Orients. Pläne und Wirklichkeit (Studien zur Zeitgeschichte) Second, Krieg um Öl: Ein Erdölimperium als deutsches Kriegsziel (1938-1943) and last, Ende mit Schrecken: Deutsche Ölpolitik und Ölwirtschaft nach Stalingrad. The second and third books were written by Dietrich Eichholtz. He wrote a book about the German oilplans till 1918 and another book about German oil between the world wars. But I haven’t read the last 2 books. Just the books I named here. 2 Aspects about this theme are the secret flights of the KG 200 into Syria and Irak, which are unknown or overlooked and the Persian corridor, keyword Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran, which is mostly ignored. At least this invasion doesn’t got the attention as ETO and PTO. And the supply of Irak and Syrian people did not got the archived goals the nazis hoped for. But I believe the Allies were fully aware about the nazi oilplans of ww2. The allied victory in Stalingrad and El Alamein, saved the allied powers of conquering nazis. This would be a what if episode, but an interesting one not many people are aware of.
Oil and other resources are incredibly important during a war (well outside wars too). During WWI the Germans ended up racing against their own allies the Ottoman Turks to get to the oilfields. And oil was one of the reason the Germans launched Op Barbarossa in the first place. I wonder what difference it would have made if the German advance didn’t take a little detour to Stalingrad for reasons of vanity
Also for the food in the Ukraine. Which is often overlooked
@@GeneraalAmsel Very true 👍👍
Lets say the germans focused on the oilfields rather then stalingrad and would have captured the oilfields. This would mean probably a overextension of the frontline, long supply lines and also keep in mind they still would need months to repair and run the fields. And the western allies could still make a bombing campaign from the south to hinder the germans to use the oilfields. I would say the soviet campaign was lost on day one for the germans because of the big lands of the soviet union and the willingnesss to fight to the death for the soviets because it was still a war of annhaliation, this combined with huge manpower numbers. Impossible to win. They would have never surrendered.
But what is also interesting to think about, what would have been the oil supply situation for the soviets if the germans would have conquered the oilfields? This could have been a huge blow maybee?!
Great history hustle episode loving the nazi news from the front always wished someone would add subtitles, keep up the great work Stefan 🫶🏻
Thanks for your reply!
And today, yet another interesting vid! Mein Herz, was willst du mehr :-)
Nice camo jacket!
Greets from the Netherlands 🌷🐟🧀🇳🇱, T.
an oil field too far for them to reach that battle for oil was doomed from the start
yepp and there were even nazi plans toi get to iraq and control the oilfields there. impossible.
An oil field too far. Nice title for a video.
Correction it's not Leningrad it's St Petersburg
Today it is, back in WW2 it was Leningrad.
What about the Germans in Ukraine
Hope to cover more on that in the future.
Army group center almost annihilated...when ???!!!! In June and July of 1944 ,by operation bagration. Only then,Army group center was annihilated.
From the 3 Army groups,Army group center was the one who was the dagger in the heart of the Soviet union until the summer of 1944.
By then,the other 2 Army groups were just retreating in good fashion.
True, Bagration annihilated AG Centre. But AG C ran the risk of being destroyed at the gates of Moscow. Yet, it didn't happen due to Hitler's orders to stand fast and dig in.
Chechens ? + Tatars, Kalmyks and many many others . + Chechens deportation had nothing to to with WW2. It was an old Moscow imperialist plan . it was only 2 full years without Chechens uprising in ussr
It occured during WW2 so I wanted to mention it. WW2 hastened it but anti-Chechen resentment in Moscow lingered before.
It would have also been a heavy blow to the Russians destroying the Baku oil wells
Think so yeah.
Mr S.
I Loved My Trips To Nederland..
Awesome People Who Will Take Take With Strangers To Inform Them On Local Topics.
One Day I Come, I Will Schedule Me A Chance To Feed You Good..
I Would Love To Have My Wife, A Cajun Cook, Right Off The Bayou, Feed You Good, Yeah ...
Glad you like NL.