It's not only allowed, but it's just what people recognize. And simple color coding that exist so player could easily understand which one is which makes it good too. Darksiders have same colored portals, iirc. But they look a little difference. Valve was and still is good at making games.
@@Netsuki Darksiders' portals are a direct reference to Valve's portals. If Vigil had never heard of Portal, they would have come up with a different design (or more likely, not have come up with the idea for the Voidwalker at all)
@@CrashSable Everything is inspired by something. If Doom didn't exist, Half-Life would have never been made either. But from mathematical point of view, there is no "what if". It's everything that You can easily calculate. Or maybe not easily, because You have to start to think with portals, but that's just a math. If one point of first portal corresponds with one specific point of the other one, it's all calculable, computable. And we know how these portals work, so anything we don't know, can be just simply calculated.
movable portals are actually possible, and are only used once in portal 2 the reason you dont see it more often is because the physics are completely broken when you enter a moving portal
@@dkskcjfjswwwwwws413 This has to do with the fact that portals in the portal games have temporary invisible platforms generated to prevent players from getting stuck, among other generated structures that you can't see and often only exist for a few seconds, if even 1.
I'm convinced Henry is making real, working Portals and is posting videos of him testing new features for people to point out so he can fix it. Very effective debugging process.
Doubtful, as he is thinking of them as objects, while they're literally non-objects. It's like saying, I'm going to pass this void through this other void... There's nothing there, a hole is not an object.
Several things to mention: 1. I loved the explanation, super clear and logical, every part made sense. 2. The animations are beyond my comprehension, this is absolutely fascinating to me how smooth and accurate they were. 3. I guess you're really into portal physics, huh.
@@xdrakken4710 They made: 3 games with teleporters 3 games with Ellen McLain 3 games with sentry guns 3 games with scientists of questionable sanity 3 games with secret underground bases 3 games where you can disintegrate your foes All in one box They love doing things in threes
1:48 well if you're talking in portal game terms, there IS an inside of a portal, hence why you can stand on a thin line between the exits of both portals
@@angulinhiduje6093 Honestly, I'm still stuck on Diablo 1 and 2 portals, since, while looking like portal's portals, come so much earlier stylistically that I wonder if some design queues weren't derived from them
@@witherschat I think a professor told me that Math and Science are alike in that Science qualitatively explains Math, and Math quantitively explains Science
@@swivel_z1371 yah but Math only tool and if dont use physic right math will not explains any. Actualy this vido explaonetion wrong. Autor does not take into account portal physics he make only Math and its looks right but its dosent.
@@НикитаШаврин-г9ы And that's what's nice about science, you can say it's wrong and maybe be right since it's theoretical. But the simplest explanation is almost always correct. The more you have to make exceptions and special rules, the less likely you are to be right.
@@swivel_z1371 Actualy no. Its easy to modulate Portals in real life. Physic of portals founded of 4 dementional space. 3D univers lockete in 4D demention and if you make 2 holes and connect them outside 3D in 4D you get portal. So now lets go to 2D univers in 3D demention and repirt . Tacke paper fold it and make 2 holes 1 near edge and enother right at edge. Firt will be illustrait 2 portals located next to each other (1 on one side of the sheet, the other on the other). Second its how this 2 holes will act when cross each others.
@@snerttt Still works, each character is blue and orange respectively and has portal colours reflecting the components of that Orange has red and yellow Blue has cyan and indigo
Well what is ironic about that is the one from the game don't even function like this. So if he were going off the portals and the rules from that world, then this entire video is much like the cake, a lie.
@@xradar8349 the portals from the game have a certain set of rules and laws in adherence with the world of portal. When one portal is placed with no link to the other side, it remains closed until the second portal is on a stationary surface. So it is impossible to fire one side of a portal link into the other. Therefore this video is not going off the rules of the portals in the game. So no, the man doesn't talk about portals in the game being the universal standard, because if he were doing that then the entire video would be incorrect. Which it is, if based on a fictional idea in a fictional realm with already well established (albeit also fictional) rules for how _those_ portals function. The more I think about it the more this entire video irritates me hahah.
@@ggmann13 true but he talks about them being orange and blue and being connected to each other and stuff. A portal could be anything if you just call it a portal with no further specification like he did. Could be the portals from Rick and Morty for example or just a normal door. He just starts talking based on the game and makes an "what if the portals from the game where actually like this?" out of it.
@@electricpaisy6045 yes exactly he could have used portals from rick and Morty or just fictional portals full stop lol. But when he immediately pulled the portals from _portal_ he fucked up by pigeon holing himself like he did.
Well, in a sense you are right. There are theories about how space emerges from tiny wormholes (ER = EPR). A portal is kind of a simplified wormhole, maybe 🙂
That might be less of a joke than you think- the hardest part of making any crazy sci-fi device is the raw amount of power you'd need to do it. If we had a generator of sufficient (read: near fukin infinite) power and materials which wouldn't evaporate instantly, we could build a Death Star laser or warp space-time as easily as we make small robots today. Battery, power generation, and material technology is the big barrier for us.
I remember in the game "superliminal", when you put a portal in a portal, the world will crash and that is actually how you proceed with the game (to free yourself from a self-iterating room). Now I learn that the action will not cause the universe to crash :)
Um… I thought this one out and what’s happening is you have a room that contains itself, so when you threw the room outside of itself it would’ve become an infinite amount of rooms in white space since there was nothing outside the room, or something like that. Hopefully Minute Physics makes a video on it, I would like to understand it more than just my drawings.
This was actually a plot point in Problem Sleuth, where portals inside window frames (powered by electric plugs) were a recurring device. If you put a window through its counterpart, the stuff in this video happens, but since the windows have the same physicality as what you'd get at the hardware store, they clunk up against themselves and prevent infinite recursion... unless forced together with sufficient force. Then they explode. Violently.
the portals would be pushed apart or get stuck with ur body. if appriote preasure is applied you would be squashed together (possibly die/expolode). If the portal is infinitly thin and you are next to the corners of the portal, you may be sliced however your own body would probably stop you from being sliced. edit: I get now that it'll be impossible to be sliced because there is no space within the portal. however you could still be crushed as long the portals move closer together while you're still stuck inside them. There is no need for high speeds for this to happen. simply applying enough force to move the portals while you are inside them are suffienct. I woudl think this force would be exactly the same as the force needed to crush you between two objects that are not portals
You would either climb through, or get stuck because you bumped into yourself or your portal and are forced to climb out. The portal wouldn't slice or crush you unless you went in at very high speeds and fell on yourself. The portal doesn't change shape, just location and so would you.
I feel like you would just end up unable to fit through until the intersection was resolved due to your own body being in the way unless it was a very large portal. I could be wrong though.
An important detail here is that each portal must have a backing that blocks entry such that entry is possible only through the coloured fronts of the portals. Changing that changes so much.
This is probably your best video in years. It helps solve one of those nagging annoying ideas in the back of your head that you can't visualise yourself but is definitely possible to investigate and find a conclusion to. I feel like years of a little nugget of stress in my mind has vanished. This video is a god damned public service.
I was having a hard time following why the blue portal "bent" along the surface of the orange portal, so I had to draw it out myself continuing the blue portal through the orange portal in a "virtual space" where I could see how the angle of the blue portal loops in on itself and thus comes out of the orange portal at that lower angle.
@@demonking5934 it cannot be. If so, they "break the rules", like how an object bigger than the smaller portal will behave if it passes through the bigger portal?
@@demonking5934 My guess is that the blue portal would become smaller as it's coming out of itself, if there were 2 portals one bigger and one smaller it would act like in the game superliminal where the object that enter the smaller portal would become bigger and bigger until it can't fit through the portal anymore and if the object enters the bigger portal it would get smaller and smaller until you can't physically see it anymore.
I think what I found to be the most unusual about this video is how intuitive it was once explained. I've often thought about this, myself, but could never mentally work out what kind of behavior we should expect from an interaction like this. Lo and behold, as soon as it's explained here, it becomes obvious but I just couldn't wrap my head around it until it was explained.
This was a thing in problem sleuth, where the windows were portals, and pushing a window through a window would cause a fractal-like exponential stacking of windows within windows until it lead to a huge explosion lol. It was later used as a way to help defeat the bad guy’s minions
“Placing a *portal* within a *portal* instantly destroys both items and opens a gate to the Astral Plane. The gate originates where the one item was placed inside the other. Any creature within 10 feet of the gate is sucked through it to a random Location on the Astral Plane. The gate then closes. The gate is one-way only and can't be reopened.”
@@josephkerr5018 It's the Dungeons and Dragons rule attached to some objects that involve demi-planes or inter-planar travel. Don't really care either way, but that's what their referencing.
Tbh if portals would exist like p2 this wouldnt work. As the portal wormhole is just relative distance. Blue and orange will always be a certain amount of units apart unless reopened at another position. Thats also why moving portals wouldnt work... idk about other fictional portals though so w/e lmao
If a blue portal comes through an orange portal, it then comes through itself. However, the new, rotated part of the blue portal must also have itself passing through. Krzyhau simulated this in Triple Laser, and the game crashed because the blue portal had to rendered through the orange portal infinitely many times.
My question is: are there any unique portal 'paradoxes' or thought experiments which involve movable "co-op portals" from the sequel? I.e., cyan-purple linked portals and yellow-red linked portals working together. It seems like it would be easy to put a nonlinked portal through a portal, but I'm wondering if there's any situations where Interesting Things Happen when you have two pairs of portals. What about more than two?
Cave Johnson would probably say "Psssh the only paradoxes we have in Aperture Science are the ones we use to dispatch the bad AI. In our R&D department, we give you our quality assurance that the testing chambers we provide are either working or broken."
There an independent sequel (Portal Reloaded) that shoots a third "time" portal. It actually connects 2 different worlds, one of which is a future aged/destroyed version of the "present" test facility. You have to jump between times to solve puzzles. Paradoxes can happen but the game deals with them by erasing specific changes you've made in the "future" when you modify the "present" (i.e. you can bring a cube from the future-side to the present-side and get away with two versions of the same cube, but if you move a cube originally from the present its future version would vanish -whenever it is- and pop-up in the future-side at the place you left it in the past).
Portal was based on Narbacular Drop, and you can shoot portals through other portals in that game. Valve hired the entire staff that made Narbacular Drop and they made Portal.
I played that before. Shooting new Portals thru an existing Portal sounds like a cool idea at first, but you realize after a while it's basically cheating. For example if you just stand in front of an orange Portal looking thru it, you can shoot new blue Portals thru that until it reaches the entire end of the map, then just walk thru it once and you're done.
Can you assign momentum to space itself? You can with radiation, but I don't know enough about general relativity to know whether one can assign momentum to a space wave, or gravitational wave, or a space topology thingy like a portal must be.
What is the edge of a portal? Like say you touch the red or blue ring, is it solid like touching the frame of a window? Or what? And what if you reached your hand in and wrap your arm around the edge and "behind" the portal?
“If you put them back to back you shouldn’t be able to tell there is a portal at all and they retain this behavior…” is one of the most physicist ways of describing something.
@@likebot. Haha yes, pleasure to meet you. I think I may have been shadowbanned on Reddit for suspected spamming (not by people but by actual bots, which is kind of ironic).
Interesting that it always maintains its total surface area. That makes sense, of course - I just never even would've thought of it if you asked me this out of the blue.
Warning ⚠️: Thinking with portals may blow your mind. Aperture Science would like to take this opportunity to stress it upon you that they are not responsible for any cranial mishaps due to rapid expansion of the brain. Thank you and good luck testing out there. I always love these portal paradox videos, although I guess this one isn't really a paradox like the others 🤔 still super interesting to see it fully rendered, you did a great job with that 👍 👏
@@seeker296 I had the same thought in the last video actually, I assumed the edges were solid like in the games because you can stand in the portals on their edge, and because they have a thickness they'd be unable to fully pass thru each other at any angle, this does work if you consider the edges to be infinitely thin but if you work with the game logic then it's a little less possible, you still get the wacky portal protrusions tho
At first it was really hard to imagine, but adding the numbers helps make it easier to understand. It definitely gets super trippy when you started changing the directions it could go through the other portal.
this is so cool. man. glad you had this idea to share- its really satisfying too when you see it all animated, like it just makes sense. very very cool.
at exactly 1:32, the below part of the blue portal where the star is directed towards right should not move downwards after it is generated by its own thickness. Just after its thickness generated which moves it downwards by the amount of its thickness, the second blue portal generated from it should move upwards passing the "very first" blue portal and moves upwards.
Also, by default the game only does 2 graphical recursions "for real". The 3rd onward are copy pasting from the previous video frame and definitely isn't designed to work with intersecting portals.
did see a screenshot once from the portal game where someone had managed to make the portals overlap a little bit. it looked like an infinite number of portals, I dont know how the game managed that without crashing, unless it all counts as the 2 original portals and what is seen is just visual effect and doesnt cause any strain on the engine.
Im guessing you're talking about portal 2 Portal 2 already runs pretty well But the infinite portal thing is 2d so it doesn create an infinite space It just makes you think there's one
portal has a flag which u can set to have moving portals. It's evident from the level where u disable the neurotoxin. Also there's a max reflection depth coded in and can be changed to a max of 64 if I remember.
@@spacebassist really I'm just happy that there's a link in a youtube comment and it isn't spam or a bot trying to fish clicks. Legit link to a legit video of getting crushed between 2 portals. Thank you.
I used to think about this a ton as a kid. Thought it would be possible if you slid the portal in at a shallow angle facing itself, but I couldn't have simulated it as well as this!
I like how we are still asking (and answering) questions related to impossible to represent in reality subjects, such as portals. This of course is not limited to portals, but I have mentioned it to stay on topic.
Portals are about as likely as black holes. Why should portals be science fiction if we accept worm holes, super black holes, dark matter, quantum entanglement, etc?
Back in elementary school, we had designated reading time where we had to use an app on our school computers to read books. The app also had videos, but only boring ones. You know, videos about learning. But I found some of your videos, and they were different. I absolutely loved them. And I think if it weren’t for your videos, my love for math never would have started.
this process may get even more chaotic in the face of attempting to pass solid objects or just to see Einstein cry, fluids, nutonian or otherwise for extra fun through said cascading portals. nonnutonian fluids may just be a messy idea.
Impressive. Most impressive. Mid-way through the vid, I imagined (in my own thought experiment) the portals could go crazy, flapping about trying to equalize, then spin along each other, eventually blowing up.
I'd love for you to make a similar video about a more general problem with so-called scaling portals, i.e. those that vary in size, and when something falls into one portal, it comes out of the other with a proportionally changed size. For example - the blue portal is 7 times bigger than the orange one, which means that if a 1.75 meter tall man entered the orange portal, a 12.25 meter tall giant would come out of the blue one. However, if the same 1.75 meter tall man entered the blue portal, a 0.25 meter tall dwarf would emerge from the orange portal. My question is - what would happen if you threw a smaller portal into a larger one, and would it be possible to throw a larger portal into a smaller one if they had the right shapes, and if so, what would be the effect. You will make me very happy if you make a film about it.
Someone else mentioned a game called Superliminal where this is a puzzle solution... because you're trapped in a recursive set and need to destroy reality to continue.
Wouldn't throwing one portal into the other equalize the sizes? If one portal is a ratio from another portal, say 2x, and you throw a 1m long portal into a 2m long portal in a way that fits, you'd have 2 2m portals after
@@dan.w.2432 Just the opposite. What comes out of the smaller portal should be smaller than what goes into the larger one. So if we insert a smaller portal into a larger one, an even smaller copy should come out of the smaller one, and from that copy an even smaller one, and from that an even smaller one, and so on ad infinitum. So, referring to your example - if we insert a 1 m portal into a 2 m portal, then a 0.5 m portal should come out of the 1 m portal, a 0.25 m portal comes out of it, a 0.125 m portal comes out of it, and so on ad infinitum. This is what I get from my calculations, although this answer makes me have even more questions. If I had infinitely many such increasingly smaller portals, what would happen if two different objects entered two different ones? Which of them would come out through the larger portal, or maybe both of them would come out at the same time (but how is that possible)? If I looked at a larger portal, which of the smaller portals would I see there? If I wanted to put the smaller portals back in, but only two of them, and leave the rest untouched indefinitely, what would happen? If a person entered a large portal, and infinitely many small copies of it emerged, which of them would contain the consciousness of the person who entered? If I hit one of his copies (but only one), would the original remember it after returning through the small portal and exiting through the large one (if returning was even possible)?
@@dan.w.2432the 1m is smaller than the 2m. since it goes into the 2m it must come out of the 1m, and as previously stated the thing going through is smaller than the portal, so actually it results in a 0.5m
It's a great artistic choice. They're opposites on the color wheel, making them complimentary. Complimentary colors almost always look good together and are known to attract attention.
I love how in the beginning MinutePhysics literally showed us what would happen if a portal went into a portal, and the rest of the video is him explaining what would happen, and giving another demonstration.
@@UncontrolledxXx its not a difficult thing to do. Portal like engine existed since 2004. There are many youtube videos how to make portals in unreal too
I remember watching this 2years ago, and then I wondered what happens when you place both of the portal face words, like l o l, and move both portals toward the object, where does the object go?
fictional science lab invents portal gun, random youtube commentor uses portal gun to create duplicates of themselves... quick someone write it as a plot device for Portal 3
You would just fold yourself or tear yourself apart. But if you're just jumping in, you'd collide with yourself or the portal edge and fall away from the portals, no worse for wear. The gravity would make you puke though.
ZenoTheRogue is an interesting channel that makes a lot of videos about portal and non-Euclidean geometries (note that these two things are separate - portals are not inherently non-Euclidean though they can of course exist in non-Euclidean spaces too). Some of their videos involve multiple intersecting (though stationary) portals. A lot of their videos are very interesting, even if they tend to go over the majority of people's (including mine) heads.
I did this in a DND campaign I was in. I was a conjuration wizard, and after getting a spell capable of creating portals like the one shown in the video, I got the idea of shoving one through the other, by shrinking one of the portals. The first time, it made a 500 ft radius force explosion (I had a wall of force between me and it so I didn’t get melted). The second time, it created two of the small portals, by which I could duplicate things. After running out of spell slots, I went home to sleep, and when I woke up, it turns out a deity who basically controlled the continuity of reality was pissed with me, and only didn’t delete me because Mystra (goddess of magic) liked me, and that’s why I couldn’t find any records of others doing this because they just get erased from reality. I was given one more time to use it, and used it to demolish a hobgoblin army. I guess none of us thought about what happened in the video, bc if so we would’ve definitely made this happen instead.
Can portals even move? Are they actually two separate entities, or are they just two sides of the same entity, forever locked to each other's relative position? I think this would explain why portals collapse as soon as the wall it is attached to moves...
Would be weirdly distorted. The pressure waves would be reflected and cut in half in weird ways, and would end up distorting depending on where you are relative to the portal.
Another portal paradox: What’s the electric field between two charges (arbitrary values) separated by portals? Should I use the shorter distance (passes through the portal or not) or both distances distance to evaluate the field?
gravity seems to be unable to pass through a portal, so id guess itd be the same with electric and magnetic fields. on the other hand, light is able to cross the portals, even though its an electromagnetic wave. in conclusion, no idea
This was great. It tackles geometry and physics rather than simple gamer problems. Personally I think how portal the videogame works, "shooting a portal through a portal" should be 100% possible, but not either for game balance or programming reasons, maybe both. In portal games, you have "a gun" that shoots portals, but they are formed from the shot, your shot does not shoot a flying hole that sticks to wall, it needs to travel, hit fitting material and form a portal. There should be nothing logically stopping you from shooting this portal forming force through two existing portals and have that force contact wall, which causes it to form a portal that also is what makes older iteration of the portal disappear. Almost same logic as "you can shoot a bullet that destroys the portal gun and likely it's portals (or the universe) through portals."
It would have been nice if you put numbers on the orange portal too, that way we can keep track of which part of the blue portal the blue portal should be coming out of.
Portals can also go from one frequency to another, without the frequencies necessarily being neighboring frequencies. And also bypassing the merging out and merging in, or passing through other frequencies that are between on the way. Portals are convenient as pockets.
@@clexo2155 it would be more likely that they can either see A) not the portal itself, but whats on the other end and B) the energy output of the portal itself, which would likely be VERY visible
I'm just an HVAC technician and pretty fluent with the way the world works mechanically and electrically but this is way out there and very understandable thanks to the graphics. great content
Why would it crash into itself? As in the orange portal would fit through the blue portal when the blue portal extends beyond the orange portal, such as 1:17. Definitely a lot more confusing, but the "it would stop when crashing into itself" seems like taking the easy way out.
I have a question, what happens if the portals pass through each other in a straight line, like a reflection after passing in front of a mirror, like a high five?
I love these small, scientific videos, even when they walk on the line between reality and sciencefiction I hope to see more fun videos like this in the future
Once the distance between two portals becomes of the order of a few nanometers but before they intersect each other, the Casimir force between them becomes significant and causes the portals to collapse.
The question then would be what kind of energy could they be made of which won't induce the Casimir effect? I guess that begs the question of what a portal could be made of at all, which is kinda moot because the only similar thing that could actually exist would be wormholes, which would most likely be spheroidal, or nearly so, and thus not at all flat surfaces. I guess if you made the distribution of negative energy that holds it open to flatten the surface of it, that could flatten the event horizon, but that's the kind of relativistic quantum inverse kinematics that asks for a PhD to proceed, so, oh well.
Hey man idk if you’ll see this comment or not but this video is FASCINATING; thank you so much for taking the time out of your day to make it, I hope you had fun and make more like it!!
2:20 But... It must be infinitely thin for there not to be an inside, otherwise the bit passing through MUST have some set of points that have coordinates in thickness of the portal... Also known as "inside" the portal. There not being an "inside the portal" implies the portal is infinitely thin, and even then one could argue there can be a 0 thickness surface like a flat disk that constitutes a set of points inside the portal. So I don't really get this objection, I always assumed the portals to either have an inside or to be 2 dimensional objects.
Since portals don't exist. We can only make assumptions how they operate. A portal just might be in an infinitely thin membrane connecting two parts of the universe. In the game Portal, the gun does shoot that membrane. So it makes sense for it to be infinitely thin. Other than that, an actual portal that we could ever come up with would need a housing support structure of some kind. Like a Stargate. Therefore it has thickness. So passing through itself, is impossible.
Something that interests me even more is if two portals are on the same plane, existing on top of each other. If you enter it, you also exit it but also the way you entered which so happens to also be the other portal which is in the same spot you enter the other one from. Would you even be able to go through it since you would collide with yourself, or would you end up somehow duplicating yourself, having two of you exist in the same place at the same time and what would this cause to happen? If the atoms exist in the same exact spots would this then cause you to turn into pretty much a nuclear bomb? Portals are very strange but cool
It would be a simple case of "you wouldn't fit", imagine being squished in a line, but the person in front of you happens to be your own back. There is no duplication happening in these portals. And all of this assumes that portals don't have an "inside" which is likely false if we assume portals to be wormholes or essentially space tunnels that connect two distant 3D points with a "shortcut". But this shortcut will still pass through all gravitational potential energy wells to obey conservation of energy. But this type of portal would need have an "inside", a place with some acceleration force such to "suck" or "give" the gravitational potential energy to objects passing though. 0 Length means infinite force (like hitting a brick wall) despite finite energy. And with portals now having an "inside", the concept of passing one end though the other suddenly becomes much more complicated.
Ok now pls answer these: -If you smash a portal on a static object, will it be launched off the other portal or will it still have zero momentum? -What will happen if you shut both portals facing each other on an object?
@@darkbrawwl Actually, it does: Imagine a stick only touching the portal by one end of it. Let's mark the end touching the portal as A. Now if we begin to move portal through the stick, point A will move away from the other portal, which remains stabile. In other words that end of the stick will gain momentum since it has a velocity and mass.
The second one: If 2 portals are close enough together to the point where you can put your hand in one and feel it on your back, that means if your arms were out horizontally, they would be stopped by your other hand. If the portals were getting closer together, your arms would be collapsing against themselves. It would eventually lead to you crushing your whole body until you stopped existing, which is a scary way to go out when you think about it. TL;DR the object would be evaporated, since it is constantly crushing itself until the portals are comepletely shut together.
1:41 i don't understand why the blue portal stick out from other than 1 of blue. at first, the blue portal came out from 1of blue. it's because the blue one went into the "1 of the red one". if the blue one doesn't go up or down, then it must come out from 1 of blue, not any other points.
It does keep coming out of 1, though. As it gets pushed further in, the already-portaled blue-0 and blue-1 stick gets pushed through the portal again parallel to the orange portal's surface at the orange-2 and orange-3. Thus, it emerges from the blue portal again at blue-2 and blue-3. However, now that this is happening, blue-2 & blue-3 etc are entering orange-1 and exiting blue-1- which, if you follow it through, enter various blue numbers where blue-1 comes out of in the same respective numbers in the red portal. This configuration makes a bit of an interesting case study for how moving each 'section' of the portal changes the behavior of the rest of them: moving one or both ends in 'lengthens' the in-between space, while pulling either out shortens it. Moving one end in and the other out keeps the middle length the same and just trades which part of the portal is in the middle. If you tried to push both ends in without lengthening the portal, you'd meet a force opposing you - that force is the middle section encountering itself on the other side, like a real version of that joke of being able to go through mirrors except that your reflection pushes you back every time you try. Similarly, if you tried to pull both ends out at the same time without squishing the middle length, you'd encounter resistance because you're pulling the ends apart - trying to lengthen or tear the portal. Let's both not try to imagine what happens if a portal edge gets torn.
I'm confused by the 1:30 mark. Wouldn't the rotated part of the blue portal that goes through the orange portal twice continue going into the orange portal a third time? Why does the blue portal end up going flat up against the orange one instead of continuing to come out of itself at alternating angles?
I love how it's just generally accepted now that Portal's Portals are the only things we're allowed to use for diagrams with portals.
I mean, it’s a good design :D
It's not only allowed, but it's just what people recognize. And simple color coding that exist so player could easily understand which one is which makes it good too. Darksiders have same colored portals, iirc. But they look a little difference. Valve was and still is good at making games.
GLaDoS was right: "Now you're thinking with Portals."
@@Netsuki Darksiders' portals are a direct reference to Valve's portals. If Vigil had never heard of Portal, they would have come up with a different design (or more likely, not have come up with the idea for the Voidwalker at all)
@@CrashSable Everything is inspired by something. If Doom didn't exist, Half-Life would have never been made either. But from mathematical point of view, there is no "what if". It's everything that You can easily calculate. Or maybe not easily, because You have to start to think with portals, but that's just a math. If one point of first portal corresponds with one specific point of the other one, it's all calculable, computable. And we know how these portals work, so anything we don't know, can be just simply calculated.
I can see why the game designers avoided dealing with this through the simple expedient of making the portal close if it's moved.
movable portals are actually possible, and are only used once in portal 2
the reason you dont see it more often is because the physics are completely broken when you enter a moving portal
@@dkskcjfjswwwwwws413 This has to do with the fact that portals in the portal games have temporary invisible platforms generated to prevent players from getting stuck, among other generated structures that you can't see and often only exist for a few seconds, if even 1.
Technically all portals are moving because motion is relative. The portal to the moon was orbiting the earth portal
@@dkskcjfjswwwwwws413 Chop those neurotoxin tubes.
@@Mrbananasgfan in portal those are perfectly still.
I'm convinced Henry is making real, working Portals and is posting videos of him testing new features for people to point out so he can fix it. Very effective debugging process.
Doubtful, as he is thinking of them as objects, while they're literally non-objects. It's like saying, I'm going to pass this void through this other void... There's nothing there, a hole is not an object.
@@livedandletdie when u r talking about passing portal through portal u have to assume them to be material
@@livedandletdie no he said they were on objects. The portal itself is not an object no shit it’s a wormhole
@@livedandletdie You can clearly see in the drawing that they are ontop of a metal plate
The blue portal is attached to the plate to the plate going through takes the portal with it
It’s shocking how well you explained such a trippy and abstract idea in such a short amount of time
"5 days ago" 💀💀💀💀
@@kavearn2 ... your point?
69th like
when you have crazy math and computer skills, stick figure animation ability.
I always think the thumbnail is the eye of sauron.
Several things to mention:
1. I loved the explanation, super clear and logical, every part made sense.
2. The animations are beyond my comprehension, this is absolutely fascinating to me how smooth and accurate they were.
3. I guess you're really into portal physics, huh.
Short, sweet, straight to the point. Also the BEST explanation of this question i've seen TO DATE.
@e Shut
number 1 is 100% confirmed, even a dumbass like me understood it
He's probably thinking with them
And it still is, two years later.
Portal physics must be the thing that keeps this guy up at night and he had to explain it or he would die from curiosity
😅
@@trout3685 ok trout.
You AGAIN ?
Your everywhere
@@Leptronium HIS everywhere?
Glad to see Portal and Portal 2 are still iconic enough to be the way portals are drawn in 2022
yet still not iconic enough for valve to get off their lazy asses and make us a portal 3 :c
@@reznovvazileski3193 valve can't count that high smh
@@xdrakken4710 They made:
3 games with teleporters
3 games with Ellen McLain
3 games with sentry guns
3 games with scientists of questionable sanity
3 games with secret underground bases
3 games where you can disintegrate your foes
All in one box
They love doing things in threes
@@reznovvazileski3193 apparently there was a portal 3 VR planned but it caused motion sickness
@@MelodiesFromTheStars Yea I can kinda imagine that lmao that sounds nauseating and I'm not easily motion sick :')
1:48 well if you're talking in portal game terms, there IS an inside of a portal, hence why you can stand on a thin line between the exits of both portals
i love how portal has completely changed how we interpret portals and we always see it as one orange and one blue one
Geometry dash portals also look like the Portal ones
Yeah
@@OLLGY69 and many many more, because of the game portal (which is way older than geometry dash)
@@angulinhiduje6093 Honestly, I'm still stuck on Diablo 1 and 2 portals, since, while looking like portal's portals, come so much earlier stylistically that I wonder if some design queues weren't derived from them
You're welcome. That is what we achieve at Aperture Laboratories. Making the impossible, possible.
Crazy how simple the explanation for this is, it really makes it feel like an actual science
It's non-euclidian space/plane study. Technically science, but in the Math department
@@witherschat I think a professor told me that Math and Science are alike in that Science qualitatively explains Math, and Math quantitively explains Science
@@swivel_z1371 yah but Math only tool and if dont use physic right math will not explains any. Actualy this vido explaonetion wrong. Autor
does not take into account portal physics he make only Math and its looks right but its dosent.
@@НикитаШаврин-г9ы And that's what's nice about science, you can say it's wrong and maybe be right since it's theoretical. But the simplest explanation is almost always correct. The more you have to make exceptions and special rules, the less likely you are to be right.
@@swivel_z1371 Actualy no. Its easy to modulate Portals in real life. Physic of portals founded of 4 dementional space. 3D univers lockete in 4D demention and if you make 2 holes and connect them outside 3D in 4D you get portal. So now lets go to 2D univers in 3D demention and repirt . Tacke paper fold it and make 2 holes 1 near edge and enother right at edge. Firt will be illustrait 2 portals located next to each other (1 on one side of the sheet, the other on the other). Second its how this 2 holes will act when cross each others.
I like the fact that if you're thinking with portals, they always will be blue and orange.
It's hard to imagine using other colors for em.
Ive always preferred purple for other reasons
Well They are really god fucking games
I mean, even in the game there's more than two colours. In co-op mode eventually there has to be 4 simultaneous portals.
@@snerttt Still works, each character is blue and orange respectively and has portal colours reflecting the components of that
Orange has red and yellow
Blue has cyan and indigo
@@tuser8 never thought of that!
0:12 R.I.P Bob 2022-2022
Roo
BOOOB NOOOOOOOOOOO
@@sirkittyyuhhh
@@chilliamlikeschillies LMAOOOOOO 😭😭😭😭💀💀
@@sirkittyy 1 less O and that would be something else
I like how he just talks about Portals like the ones from the game are the universal standard when we talk about Portals.
Well what is ironic about that is the one from the game don't even function like this. So if he were going off the portals and the rules from that world, then this entire video is much like the cake, a lie.
What is different about the ones from the game?
@@xradar8349 the portals from the game have a certain set of rules and laws in adherence with the world of portal. When one portal is placed with no link to the other side, it remains closed until the second portal is on a stationary surface. So it is impossible to fire one side of a portal link into the other. Therefore this video is not going off the rules of the portals in the game. So no, the man doesn't talk about portals in the game being the universal standard, because if he were doing that then the entire video would be incorrect. Which it is, if based on a fictional idea in a fictional realm with already well established (albeit also fictional) rules for how _those_ portals function.
The more I think about it the more this entire video irritates me hahah.
@@ggmann13 true but he talks about them being orange and blue and being connected to each other and stuff. A portal could be anything if you just call it a portal with no further specification like he did. Could be the portals from Rick and Morty for example or just a normal door. He just starts talking based on the game and makes an "what if the portals from the game where actually like this?" out of it.
@@electricpaisy6045 yes exactly he could have used portals from rick and Morty or just fictional portals full stop lol. But when he immediately pulled the portals from _portal_ he fucked up by pigeon holing himself like he did.
Portals actually are everywhere, the problem is they're all back to back, with no way to separate them
just like ninjas...
what if 3d space is the portals
doors.
It is the same problem with monopoles.
Well, in a sense you are right. There are theories about how space emerges from tiny wormholes (ER = EPR). A portal is kind of a simplified wormhole, maybe 🙂
Making this animation seems more difficult than making an actual portal. Very good job
That is what they did with programming...
@@jwonz2054 go make this animation with programming. If u dont do it you are fucking doomed
@@abhirupkundu2778 bet
mb dislike was accidental
That might be less of a joke than you think- the hardest part of making any crazy sci-fi device is the raw amount of power you'd need to do it.
If we had a generator of sufficient (read: near fukin infinite) power and materials which wouldn't evaporate instantly, we could build a Death Star laser or warp space-time as easily as we make small robots today. Battery, power generation, and material technology is the big barrier for us.
Great Videos, keep it up!!!
I remember in the game "superliminal", when you put a portal in a portal, the world will crash and that is actually how you proceed with the game (to free yourself from a self-iterating room). Now I learn that the action will not cause the universe to crash :)
yea but thats because the portal is small
@@commandocat7675 Oh I see. One of the portal was smaller than the other, which was a different scenario.
Not crashing the universe is no fun though :(
Yeah superliminal is such a trippy game
Um… I thought this one out and what’s happening is you have a room that contains itself, so when you threw the room outside of itself it would’ve become an infinite amount of rooms in white space since there was nothing outside the room, or something like that. Hopefully Minute Physics makes a video on it, I would like to understand it more than just my drawings.
Someone's been replaying Portal a lot haven't they?
I wonder who is that
Me, probably.
yep
Funny coincidence, I also just started back through the Portal series because I got my Steam Deck. Crazy timing.
Since Portal 2 will be given away for Xbox Live Gold users I'll go and play it one more time
This was actually a plot point in Problem Sleuth, where portals inside window frames (powered by electric plugs) were a recurring device. If you put a window through its counterpart, the stuff in this video happens, but since the windows have the same physicality as what you'd get at the hardware store, they clunk up against themselves and prevent infinite recursion... unless forced together with sufficient force. Then they explode. Violently.
did not think id see mspa here
@@chronocases9752 our brains dont like infinites so we have no idea what would hypothetically happen if you created infinite recursion
@@pirilon78 thats not true. All of calculus is infinite recursion.
@@e4Bc4Qf3Qf7 i said we dont know what would happen. Theres a difference between numbers and reality
@@pirilon78 Demonstrably incorrect. If your numbers aren’t an expression of reality, you’re doing them wrong.
1:06 blue portal getting freaky
I am an adult
I am an adult
I am an adult
@@TheSilverCanine_R3D-Hare you sure about that
@@TheSilverCanine_R3D-H Adults are just children with responsibilities.
@GodzillaMinusOneHimself We are all forever young.
I love it when someone adds complete science to science fiction. So intriguing.
Hello inception
Aperture Labs makes the impossible, possible.
like, dragon anatomy
@@wompwompwompwompwompwompalienz mind.
Blown
@SkeLLy The furnace?
Rest in Peace editor of this vid, the pain you went thru was not in vain. Good video.
oof
why is he dead?
@@Cornholio8787 just take a look at the visuals
@@Cornholio8787 he meant rip in a rhetorical sense, because the editor had to work so much
Dont worry, it was for the best. The editor was showing signs of intelligence and had to be placed into the emergency intelligence incinerator.
I would love to know what happens when you enter the portal that is half immersed in the other portal
the portals would be pushed apart or get stuck with ur body. if appriote preasure is applied you would be squashed together (possibly die/expolode). If the portal is infinitly thin and you are next to the corners of the portal, you may be sliced however your own body would probably stop you from being sliced.
edit: I get now that it'll be impossible to be sliced because there is no space within the portal. however you could still be crushed as long the portals move closer together while you're still stuck inside them. There is no need for high speeds for this to happen. simply applying enough force to move the portals while you are inside them are suffienct. I woudl think this force would be exactly the same as the force needed to crush you between two objects that are not portals
You would either climb through, or get stuck because you bumped into yourself or your portal and are forced to climb out. The portal wouldn't slice or crush you unless you went in at very high speeds and fell on yourself. The portal doesn't change shape, just location and so would you.
Might depend on the angles but I imagine you might try to reach your arm in and then get blocked by your own arm
Pain, that's what happens
I feel like you would just end up unable to fit through until the intersection was resolved due to your own body being in the way unless it was a very large portal. I could be wrong though.
An important detail here is that each portal must have a backing that blocks entry such that entry is possible only through the coloured fronts of the portals. Changing that changes so much.
This is probably your best video in years. It helps solve one of those nagging annoying ideas in the back of your head that you can't visualise yourself but is definitely possible to investigate and find a conclusion to. I feel like years of a little nugget of stress in my mind has vanished.
This video is a god damned public service.
lol so freaking true, well put into words!
I was having a hard time following why the blue portal "bent" along the surface of the orange portal, so I had to draw it out myself continuing the blue portal through the orange portal in a "virtual space" where I could see how the angle of the blue portal loops in on itself and thus comes out of the orange portal at that lower angle.
What will happen if the blue portal is smaller than the orange one?
@@demonking5934 it cannot be. If so, they "break the rules", like how an object bigger than the smaller portal will behave if it passes through the bigger portal?
@@demonking5934 My guess is that the blue portal would become smaller as it's coming out of itself, if there were 2 portals one bigger and one smaller it would act like in the game superliminal where the object that enter the smaller portal would become bigger and bigger until it can't fit through the portal anymore and if the object enters the bigger portal it would get smaller and smaller until you can't physically see it anymore.
🤓🤓
I think what I found to be the most unusual about this video is how intuitive it was once explained. I've often thought about this, myself, but could never mentally work out what kind of behavior we should expect from an interaction like this.
Lo and behold, as soon as it's explained here, it becomes obvious but I just couldn't wrap my head around it until it was explained.
This was a thing in problem sleuth, where the windows were portals, and pushing a window through a window would cause a fractal-like exponential stacking of windows within windows until it lead to a huge explosion lol. It was later used as a way to help defeat the bad guy’s minions
“Placing a *portal* within a *portal* instantly destroys both items and opens a gate to the Astral Plane. The gate originates where the one item was placed inside the other. Any creature within 10 feet of the gate is sucked through it to a random Location on the Astral Plane. The gate then closes. The gate is one-way only and can't be reopened.”
Finally, something I understand in the comments
Okay yeah this seems accurate
@@Tacid_Krios yeah cause it's complete mumbo jumbo garbage 🤣
@@josephkerr5018 What is complete mumbo jumbo garbage?
@@josephkerr5018 It's the Dungeons and Dragons rule attached to some objects that involve demi-planes or inter-planar travel. Don't really care either way, but that's what their referencing.
can't wait for real portals to be invented just for either this to happen something catastrophic that breaks all laws of physics
Quoting Dwayne Johnson from the movie Doom: I don’t do nano walls.
Portals as they exist in-game break the law of conservation of energy, so I wouldn't hold your breath waiting for them to be developed.
@@WUZLE And breaks relativity too
@@pain16tdn45 How so?
Tbh if portals would exist like p2 this wouldnt work. As the portal wormhole is just relative distance. Blue and orange will always be a certain amount of units apart unless reopened at another position. Thats also why moving portals wouldnt work... idk about other fictional portals though so w/e lmao
If a blue portal comes through an orange portal, it then comes through itself. However, the new, rotated part of the blue portal must also have itself passing through. Krzyhau simulated this in Triple Laser, and the game crashed because the blue portal had to rendered through the orange portal infinitely many times.
No, the portal only appears out of one place.
this is the question I need a professional physics answer to
it works, its just... yeah
a portal tunnel isint actually infinite, it's like pointing a camera towards it's feed where there's an infinite loop on the screen
Heck if this is how it is then irl it should be impossible to build portals at all.
2:56 The Perfect Corcle!,!
Click this->99:59:59
My question is: are there any unique portal 'paradoxes' or thought experiments which involve movable "co-op portals" from the sequel? I.e., cyan-purple linked portals and yellow-red linked portals working together. It seems like it would be easy to put a nonlinked portal through a portal, but I'm wondering if there's any situations where Interesting Things Happen when you have two pairs of portals. What about more than two?
Cave Johnson would probably say "Psssh the only paradoxes we have in Aperture Science are the ones we use to dispatch the bad AI. In our R&D department, we give you our quality assurance that the testing chambers we provide are either working or broken."
There an independent sequel (Portal Reloaded) that shoots a third "time" portal. It actually connects 2 different worlds, one of which is a future aged/destroyed version of the "present" test facility. You have to jump between times to solve puzzles. Paradoxes can happen but the game deals with them by erasing specific changes you've made in the "future" when you modify the "present" (i.e. you can bring a cube from the future-side to the present-side and get away with two versions of the same cube, but if you move a cube originally from the present its future version would vanish -whenever it is- and pop-up in the future-side at the place you left it in the past).
there's the thing of moving portals being weird (see youtu.be/watch?v=B19nlhbA7-E ) but that's pretty much the only other issue with portals.
There's also the second one (which you can watch at ua-cam.com/video/zDAE9A_1NA4/v-deo.html )
Portal was based on Narbacular Drop, and you can shoot portals through other portals in that game. Valve hired the entire staff that made Narbacular Drop and they made Portal.
Not staff, students. It was an amazing school project.
Shooting a portal creation projectile through another portal isnt the problem here at all
also everyone already knows that lol
I played that before. Shooting new Portals thru an existing Portal sounds like a cool idea at first, but you realize after a while it's basically cheating. For example if you just stand in front of an orange Portal looking thru it, you can shoot new blue Portals thru that until it reaches the entire end of the map, then just walk thru it once and you're done.
@@generaldirection5123 you'd have to design the puzzles differently, but it's not difficult to see how one could do so.
@@oldspicewhistle8191 i didnt know that already
Now for the real question: How would the momentum of a portal passing through itself affect its trajectory?
A portal does not have any mass I guess
Do portals have momentum?
do portals have mass?? Well they don't move with the speed of light.... hmmm
portals are not made of matter thus they have no mass thus they have no momentum
Can you assign momentum to space itself? You can with radiation, but I don't know enough about general relativity to know whether one can assign momentum to a space wave, or gravitational wave, or a space topology thingy like a portal must be.
What is the edge of a portal? Like say you touch the red or blue ring, is it solid like touching the frame of a window? Or what? And what if you reached your hand in and wrap your arm around the edge and "behind" the portal?
“If you put them back to back you shouldn’t be able to tell there is a portal at all and they retain this behavior…” is one of the most physicist ways of describing something.
I like how this question is easier to answer than the question about the trajectory of the cube.
Um... hi?
Does your handle get you shadowbanned in some places too? Maybe even banned?
@@likebot. Haha yes, pleasure to meet you. I think I may have been shadowbanned on Reddit for suspected spamming (not by people but by actual bots, which is kind of ironic).
Be honest. You guys are just saying Shadow banned because you think it sounds cool, right?
@@MrQuinnlord no being shadow banned is different
@@insertafunnyname478 this guy gets it
Interesting that it always maintains its total surface area. That makes sense, of course - I just never even would've thought of it if you asked me this out of the blue.
How about: Out of the orange?
@@My_initials_are_O.G.cuz_I_am How about: Into the orange?
@@MichaelDarrow-tr1mn
That's just: Out of the blue, with extra steps.
Out of the Blue sounds like a documentary of the making of Portal tbh
@@My_initials_are_O.G.cuz_I_am exactly.
This is one of the greatest videos I've ever watched.
Warning ⚠️: Thinking with portals may blow your mind. Aperture Science would like to take this opportunity to stress it upon you that they are not responsible for any cranial mishaps due to rapid expansion of the brain. Thank you and good luck testing out there.
I always love these portal paradox videos, although I guess this one isn't really a paradox like the others 🤔 still super interesting to see it fully rendered, you did a great job with that 👍 👏
🤣
After i read Aperture Science the voice in my head switched to glados xD
@@unluckypanda5448 Your brain doing it's job.
For it to pass all the way through requires squeezing or infinite thinness. So its a paradox unless the portals defy physics
@@seeker296 I had the same thought in the last video actually, I assumed the edges were solid like in the games because you can stand in the portals on their edge, and because they have a thickness they'd be unable to fully pass thru each other at any angle, this does work if you consider the edges to be infinitely thin but if you work with the game logic then it's a little less possible, you still get the wacky portal protrusions tho
I am so glad someone started doing the calculations on this question BEFORE i thought of asking it!
These portal videos are a triumph
I’m making a note here: huge success!
@@rpungello It’s hard to overstate my satisfaction
@@Asterism_Desmos Aperture Science
Portalception
@@ConfuSomu We do what we must because we can
I love that you used the Companion Cube! The Portal references are amazing!
This is a troubling thought that I had as a child ever since the release of Portal 2. Thank you so much for solving this 😊
At first it was really hard to imagine, but adding the numbers helps make it easier to understand. It definitely gets super trippy when you started changing the directions it could go through the other portal.
I know, right?
this is so cool. man. glad you had this idea to share- its really satisfying too when you see it all animated, like it just makes sense. very very cool.
He actually uses his account 😯
I saw a man that did earlier it on Unity engine that had almost 60k views. So it's probably not his idea.
Cool
I thought that mercury got you bro
at exactly 1:32, the below part of the blue portal where the star is directed towards right should not move downwards after it is generated by its own thickness. Just after its thickness generated which moves it downwards by the amount of its thickness, the second blue portal generated from it should move upwards passing the "very first" blue portal and moves upwards.
1:07 Blue Portal got a stiffy
😳
💀
LOL
Sniffy with the griddy?
Happy new year by the way!
I feel as though there will be some real world counterparts behind this logic and it could be useful.
So if you throw a smaller portal in a portal then it Infinitly comes out of itself?
Like portals don't actually EXIST. So yeah good luck explaining physics on imaginary objects.
@@katsu_xd_4823 How the hell would the same two ends of a portal be different sizes?
@@jd_kreeper I'm just saying what if
@@katsu_xd_4823 THat makes no sense though, even in-game. How would one opening be smaller than the other?
This explains the extremely recursive fractal effects and that video about being squished between two portals
Also, by default the game only does 2 graphical recursions "for real". The 3rd onward are copy pasting from the previous video frame and definitely isn't designed to work with intersecting portals.
Glad it's not only me who immediately recalled that video
0:36 yeah but the devs don’t know that 3D portals should look like spheres so they were 2D to begin with
did see a screenshot once from the portal game where someone had managed to make the portals overlap a little bit.
it looked like an infinite number of portals, I dont know how the game managed that without crashing, unless it all counts as the 2 original portals and what is seen is just visual effect and doesnt cause any strain on the engine.
Im guessing you're talking about portal 2
Portal 2 already runs pretty well
But the infinite portal thing is 2d so it doesn create an infinite space
It just makes you think there's one
portal has a flag which u can set to have moving portals. It's evident from the level where u disable the neurotoxin. Also there's a max reflection depth coded in and can be changed to a max of 64 if I remember.
Crowbcat did a video on that called "crushed between two portals"
ua-cam.com/video/0TZd95BCKMY/v-deo.html (link is separate to be safe)
@@spacebassist really I'm just happy that there's a link in a youtube comment and it isn't spam or a bot trying to fish clicks.
Legit link to a legit video of getting crushed between 2 portals. Thank you.
I used to think about this a ton as a kid. Thought it would be possible if you slid the portal in at a shallow angle facing itself, but I couldn't have simulated it as well as this!
I like how we are still asking (and answering) questions related to impossible to represent in reality subjects, such as portals. This of course is not limited to portals, but I have mentioned it to stay on topic.
What happens if u pass trought a portal passing trought itself
Portals are about as likely as black holes. Why should portals be science fiction if we accept worm holes, super black holes, dark matter, quantum entanglement, etc?
Back in elementary school, we had designated reading time where we had to use an app on our school computers to read books. The app also had videos, but only boring ones. You know, videos about learning. But I found some of your videos, and they were different. I absolutely loved them. And I think if it weren’t for your videos, my love for math never would have started.
this process may get even more chaotic in the face of attempting to pass solid objects or just to see Einstein cry, fluids, nutonian or otherwise for extra fun through said cascading portals. nonnutonian fluids may just be a messy idea.
I believe the word you're looking for is "newton"ian, as in Isaac Newton.
@@SomeRandomDevOpsGuy Don't be silly. It's "newt"onian because they're amphibious
😂😂😂@@telegenicdragon8045
Impressive. Most impressive.
Mid-way through the vid, I imagined (in my own thought experiment) the portals could go crazy, flapping about trying to equalize, then spin along each other, eventually blowing up.
Why? I don't see at all what would bring you to that conclusion
@@Maker0824 Just some fun.
I am pretty sure a portal would never explode.
@@Emanuele_Polisena They said the same thing about exploding lemons and look how that turned out.
Noice!
I'd love for you to make a similar video about a more general problem with so-called scaling portals, i.e. those that vary in size, and when something falls into one portal, it comes out of the other with a proportionally changed size. For example - the blue portal is 7 times bigger than the orange one, which means that if a 1.75 meter tall man entered the orange portal, a 12.25 meter tall giant would come out of the blue one. However, if the same 1.75 meter tall man entered the blue portal, a 0.25 meter tall dwarf would emerge from the orange portal. My question is - what would happen if you threw a smaller portal into a larger one, and would it be possible to throw a larger portal into a smaller one if they had the right shapes, and if so, what would be the effect. You will make me very happy if you make a film about it.
Someone else mentioned a game called Superliminal where this is a puzzle solution... because you're trapped in a recursive set and need to destroy reality to continue.
Wouldn't throwing one portal into the other equalize the sizes? If one portal is a ratio from another portal, say 2x, and you throw a 1m long portal into a 2m long portal in a way that fits, you'd have 2 2m portals after
@@dan.w.2432 Just the opposite. What comes out of the smaller portal should be smaller than what goes into the larger one. So if we insert a smaller portal into a larger one, an even smaller copy should come out of the smaller one, and from that copy an even smaller one, and from that an even smaller one, and so on ad infinitum. So, referring to your example - if we insert a 1 m portal into a 2 m portal, then a 0.5 m portal should come out of the 1 m portal, a 0.25 m portal comes out of it, a 0.125 m portal comes out of it, and so on ad infinitum. This is what I get from my calculations, although this answer makes me have even more questions. If I had infinitely many such increasingly smaller portals, what would happen if two different objects entered two different ones? Which of them would come out through the larger portal, or maybe both of them would come out at the same time (but how is that possible)? If I looked at a larger portal, which of the smaller portals would I see there? If I wanted to put the smaller portals back in, but only two of them, and leave the rest untouched indefinitely, what would happen? If a person entered a large portal, and infinitely many small copies of it emerged, which of them would contain the consciousness of the person who entered? If I hit one of his copies (but only one), would the original remember it after returning through the small portal and exiting through the large one (if returning was even possible)?
@@dan.w.2432the 1m is smaller than the 2m. since it goes into the 2m it must come out of the 1m, and as previously stated the thing going through is smaller than the portal, so actually it results in a 0.5m
you always deliver content that's both thought-provoking and enjoyable!
I like that Valve's Portals have just become the standard when animating/making portals. theyre always orange and blue ^^
It's a great artistic choice. They're opposites on the color wheel, making them complimentary. Complimentary colors almost always look good together and are known to attract attention.
I love how in the beginning MinutePhysics literally showed us what would happen if a portal went into a portal, and the rest of the video is him explaining what would happen, and giving another demonstration.
Yeah, any other video would talk about the entire universe before getting to the purpose of the video
Did this in unreal engine a few years ago and it was super trippy, exactly like this demonstration shows.
Video?
yeah and Elon Musk is my brother
@@UncontrolledxXx its not a difficult thing to do. Portal like engine existed since 2004. There are many youtube videos how to make portals in unreal too
@@duckmeat4674 he actually is Elon Musk's brother !!
I remember watching this 2years ago, and then I wondered what happens when you place both of the portal face words, like l o l, and move both portals toward the object, where does the object go?
Saw this video by Crowbcat years ago called "Crushed between two portals". Very therapeutic and psychedelic and somewhat related to this.
What would happen if the two portals were half-way intersected, then you went through at an angle such that you entered both portals simultaneously?
fictional science lab invents portal gun, random youtube commentor uses portal gun to create duplicates of themselves... quick someone write it as a plot device for Portal 3
You probably wouldn't be able to do so : your body parts would collide together and not let you in
@@gawkthimm6030 it would be called portal printer
(it prints you)
You would just fold yourself or tear yourself apart. But if you're just jumping in, you'd collide with yourself or the portal edge and fall away from the portals, no worse for wear. The gravity would make you puke though.
bad happens
ZenoTheRogue is an interesting channel that makes a lot of videos about portal and non-Euclidean geometries (note that these two things are separate - portals are not inherently non-Euclidean though they can of course exist in non-Euclidean spaces too).
Some of their videos involve multiple intersecting (though stationary) portals. A lot of their videos are very interesting, even if they tend to go over the majority of people's (including mine) heads.
While watching this video, I experienced clarity regarding why you literally have millions of subscribers. Cheers, mate.
I did this in a DND campaign I was in. I was a conjuration wizard, and after getting a spell capable of creating portals like the one shown in the video, I got the idea of shoving one through the other, by shrinking one of the portals. The first time, it made a 500 ft radius force explosion (I had a wall of force between me and it so I didn’t get melted). The second time, it created two of the small portals, by which I could duplicate things. After running out of spell slots, I went home to sleep, and when I woke up, it turns out a deity who basically controlled the continuity of reality was pissed with me, and only didn’t delete me because Mystra (goddess of magic) liked me, and that’s why I couldn’t find any records of others doing this because they just get erased from reality. I was given one more time to use it, and used it to demolish a hobgoblin army. I guess none of us thought about what happened in the video, bc if so we would’ve definitely made this happen instead.
Don't get me started on maximum possible feet per turn shenanigans.
I just realized I have absolutely no fucking clue how DND works…
@@experienceofchris1108 rules. Math. Imagination. Lots and lots of games never finishing
@@downtostandup how do you play DND? Is it a website or a game you can purchase or download. If so i wanna play help me how to get started .
@@divraj_doimari it's not a videogame, it's a physical game you have to buy. Like a boardgame, but extremely complicated
Can portals even move? Are they actually two separate entities, or are they just two sides of the same entity, forever locked to each other's relative position?
I think this would explain why portals collapse as soon as the wall it is attached to moves...
I think yes, but still, there can be a wall where the portal is located, and you can just move the wall
i like this theory!
then why do portals not dissolve instantly, they're constantly moving through space and the moon is drifting away...?
If they are two sides of the same entity, I think the concept "position" got broken...
It simply cannot "interact" with itself.
in portal 2 you place a portal on a moving wall to cut neurotoxin pipes with a laser
It's actually quite pleasing that this happens to be the answer, your physics-dives into portals is very fun.
I have a question, what would happen if we put a small portal into a larger portal (putting it face to face)
if you had a speaker in the middle of two portals what would it sound like playing music? Would there be an echo or would it be like surround sound?
Would be weirdly distorted. The pressure waves would be reflected and cut in half in weird ways, and would end up distorting depending on where you are relative to the portal.
And then a new genre of music was born.
@@TheMusicalFruit recursionwave
Another portal paradox: What’s the electric field between two charges (arbitrary values) separated by portals? Should I use the shorter distance (passes through the portal or not) or both distances distance to evaluate the field?
yes
gravity seems to be unable to pass through a portal, so id guess itd be the same with electric and magnetic fields. on the other hand, light is able to cross the portals, even though its an electromagnetic wave. in conclusion, no idea
@@paulamarina04 in conclusion, brain damage if thought about too much
it would cause overcycling.
the shorter one since the two ends of the portal are the same space
This was great. It tackles geometry and physics rather than simple gamer problems.
Personally I think how portal the videogame works, "shooting a portal through a portal" should be 100% possible, but not either for game balance or programming reasons, maybe both.
In portal games, you have "a gun" that shoots portals, but they are formed from the shot, your shot does not shoot a flying hole that sticks to wall, it needs to travel, hit fitting material and form a portal. There should be nothing logically stopping you from shooting this portal forming force through two existing portals and have that force contact wall, which causes it to form a portal that also is what makes older iteration of the portal disappear. Almost same logic as "you can shoot a bullet that destroys the portal gun and likely it's portals (or the universe) through portals."
if a portal goes through another portal it makes a back hole
It would have been nice if you put numbers on the orange portal too, that way we can keep track of which part of the blue portal the blue portal should be coming out of.
0:58 you're such a tease
LMAOO
LMFAOOO
Assuming your portal is based on wormhole theory, wouldn't passing the portal through itself just make a higher dimensional torus?
*your
I doubt this is a wormhole. There's no "inside" of a portal, anything passing into one automatically is outside the other.
Portals can also go from one frequency to another, without the frequencies necessarily being neighboring frequencies. And also bypassing the merging out and merging in, or passing through other frequencies that are between on the way. Portals are convenient as pockets.
@@clexo2155 it would be more likely that they can either see A) not the portal itself, but whats on the other end and
B) the energy output of the portal itself, which would likely be VERY visible
Nerd
I'm just an HVAC technician and pretty fluent with the way the world works mechanically and electrically but this is way out there and very understandable thanks to the graphics. great content
But what would happen if the entering portal is very small relatively to the other portal?
Why would it crash into itself? As in the orange portal would fit through the blue portal when the blue portal extends beyond the orange portal, such as 1:17. Definitely a lot more confusing, but the "it would stop when crashing into itself" seems like taking the easy way out.
Generally, portal portals have to be on a physical surface, so more accurately, the surface the portal is on(the grey lines) would collide
Well I mean if it doesn’t crash into itself then it would just cut the portal and the smaller part will emerge back out the blue
the back of the portal is hitting the top
@@OmniSyncbro why are you here too
The visual effect resulting from your animation is mind blowing! I cant wait to see how people find ways to express this artistically!
My mind was indeed blown when I saw what went into the animation at 3:18.
Straight to the point, and very comprehensive at that. Love it.
I have a question, what happens if the portals pass through each other in a straight line, like a reflection after passing in front of a mirror, like a high five?
The edges would hit each other. Just like how two rings of the same size can’t go through each other
2:09 if you pull too hard might get a tiny black hole
I love these small, scientific videos, even when they walk on the line between reality and sciencefiction
I hope to see more fun videos like this in the future
Now you're thinking with portals
This vid is sooo satisfying, to finally watch a thing u could barely imagine in your head and now its shown and visualised so outstanding well 😍
Once the distance between two portals becomes of the order of a few nanometers but before they intersect each other, the Casimir force between them becomes significant and causes the portals to collapse.
The Casimir force applies to physical objects made of matter though, but who says a portal needs to be made of matter?
The question then would be what kind of energy could they be made of which won't induce the Casimir effect?
I guess that begs the question of what a portal could be made of at all, which is kinda moot because the only similar thing that could actually exist would be wormholes, which would most likely be spheroidal, or nearly so, and thus not at all flat surfaces.
I guess if you made the distribution of negative energy that holds it open to flatten the surface of it, that could flatten the event horizon, but that's the kind of relativistic quantum inverse kinematics that asks for a PhD to proceed, so, oh well.
@@hermannbarbato well, afaik wormholes would need to be kept open by exotic matter, which is negative in mass
so we could start from there
Hey man idk if you’ll see this comment or not but this video is FASCINATING; thank you so much for taking the time out of your day to make it, I hope you had fun and make more like it!!
What's amazing is how easy it is you make it for us to understand and visualize using those animations!
This was extremely entertaining and hilarious! Great idea
2:20
But... It must be infinitely thin for there not to be an inside, otherwise the bit passing through MUST have some set of points that have coordinates in thickness of the portal... Also known as "inside" the portal.
There not being an "inside the portal" implies the portal is infinitely thin, and even then one could argue there can be a 0 thickness surface like a flat disk that constitutes a set of points inside the portal.
So I don't really get this objection, I always assumed the portals to either have an inside or to be 2 dimensional objects.
They're 4 dimensional tears in spacetime, the actual portals are the shadow projections of the hole.
I would argue that though portal themselves are 2d objects. The frame of a portal has a thickness and that's the thing getting stuck.
Since portals don't exist. We can only make assumptions how they operate. A portal just might be in an infinitely thin membrane connecting two parts of the universe. In the game Portal, the gun does shoot that membrane. So it makes sense for it to be infinitely thin. Other than that, an actual portal that we could ever come up with would need a housing support structure of some kind. Like a Stargate. Therefore it has thickness. So passing through itself, is impossible.
I feel like a gradient rather than a grid would make things more clear
Yeah, because numbers have specific orientations, whereas colors do not.
Something that interests me even more is if two portals are on the same plane, existing on top of each other. If you enter it, you also exit it but also the way you entered which so happens to also be the other portal which is in the same spot you enter the other one from. Would you even be able to go through it since you would collide with yourself, or would you end up somehow duplicating yourself, having two of you exist in the same place at the same time and what would this cause to happen? If the atoms exist in the same exact spots would this then cause you to turn into pretty much a nuclear bomb? Portals are very strange but cool
you would just press against yourself, thats all. if the the portals were aligned head to tails then your arm would push up out the opposite side.
It would be a simple case of "you wouldn't fit", imagine being squished in a line, but the person in front of you happens to be your own back. There is no duplication happening in these portals. And all of this assumes that portals don't have an "inside" which is likely false if we assume portals to be wormholes or essentially space tunnels that connect two distant 3D points with a "shortcut". But this shortcut will still pass through all gravitational potential energy wells to obey conservation of energy.
But this type of portal would need have an "inside", a place with some acceleration force such to "suck" or "give" the gravitational potential energy to objects passing though. 0 Length means infinite force (like hitting a brick wall) despite finite energy. And with portals now having an "inside", the concept of passing one end though the other suddenly becomes much more complicated.
It would be a mirror, think about it.
This was actually a really fun and portable explanation which completely makes sense. Thx
Ok now pls answer these:
-If you smash a portal on a static object, will it be launched off the other portal or will it still have zero momentum?
-What will happen if you shut both portals facing each other on an object?
For the second question: look up “crushed between two portals experiment”, its not a scientifical explanation but it shows what happens in game.
@@NeroduFx I read that the object/person would be crushed by itself until become a tiny drop of blood or, in case of objects, dust.
@@darkbrawwl Actually, it does:
Imagine a stick only touching the portal by one end of it. Let's mark the end touching the portal as A. Now if we begin to move portal through the stick, point A will move away from the other portal, which remains stabile. In other words that end of the stick will gain momentum since it has a velocity and mass.
The second one:
If 2 portals are close enough together to the point where you can put your hand in one and feel it on your back, that means if your arms were out horizontally, they would be stopped by your other hand. If the portals were getting closer together, your arms would be collapsing against themselves. It would eventually lead to you crushing your whole body until you stopped existing, which is a scary way to go out when you think about it.
TL;DR the object would be evaporated, since it is constantly crushing itself until the portals are comepletely shut together.
He made it, are ya happy now? Not in a mean tone btw
1:41 i don't understand why the blue portal stick out from other than 1 of blue. at first, the blue portal came out from 1of blue. it's because the blue one went into the "1 of the red one". if the blue one doesn't go up or down, then it must come out from 1 of blue, not any other points.
It does keep coming out of 1, though. As it gets pushed further in, the already-portaled blue-0 and blue-1 stick gets pushed through the portal again parallel to the orange portal's surface at the orange-2 and orange-3. Thus, it emerges from the blue portal again at blue-2 and blue-3. However, now that this is happening, blue-2 & blue-3 etc are entering orange-1 and exiting blue-1- which, if you follow it through, enter various blue numbers where blue-1 comes out of in the same respective numbers in the red portal.
This configuration makes a bit of an interesting case study for how moving each 'section' of the portal changes the behavior of the rest of them: moving one or both ends in 'lengthens' the in-between space, while pulling either out shortens it. Moving one end in and the other out keeps the middle length the same and just trades which part of the portal is in the middle. If you tried to push both ends in without lengthening the portal, you'd meet a force opposing you - that force is the middle section encountering itself on the other side, like a real version of that joke of being able to go through mirrors except that your reflection pushes you back every time you try. Similarly, if you tried to pull both ends out at the same time without squishing the middle length, you'd encounter resistance because you're pulling the ends apart - trying to lengthen or tear the portal. Let's both not try to imagine what happens if a portal edge gets torn.
@@aperson1 I don’t understand
E
I never thought this would be possible to understand. And here we are, so lucid and simple, clear. Thanks for this one!
I'm confused by the 1:30 mark. Wouldn't the rotated part of the blue portal that goes through the orange portal twice continue going into the orange portal a third time? Why does the blue portal end up going flat up against the orange one instead of continuing to come out of itself at alternating angles?