Ortho-para directors I | Aromatic Compounds | Organic chemistry | Khan Academy

Regiochemistry. Created by Jay.
Watch the next lesson: www.khanacadem...
Missed the previous lesson? www.khanacadem...
Organic Chemistry on Khan Academy: Carbon can form covalent bonds with itself and other elements to create a mind-boggling array of structures. In organic chemistry, we will learn about the reactions chemists use to synthesize crazy carbon based structures, as well as the analytical methods to characterize them. We will also think about how those reactions are occurring on a molecular level with reaction mechanisms. Simply put, organic chemistry is like building with molecular Legos. Let's make some beautiful organic molecules!
About Khan Academy: Khan Academy offers practice exercises, instructional videos, and a personalized learning dashboard that empower learners to study at their own pace in and outside of the classroom. We tackle math, science, computer programming, history, art history, economics, and more. Our math missions guide learners from kindergarten to calculus using state-of-the-art, adaptive technology that identifies strengths and learning gaps. We've also partnered with institutions like NASA, The Museum of Modern Art, The California Academy of Sciences, and MIT to offer specialized content.
For free. For everyone. Forever. #YouCanLearnAnything
Subscribe to Khan Academy’s Organic Chemistry channel: / channel
Subscribe to Khan Academy: www.youtube.co...

[@kevinmiller2856]

You guys are awesome, from my notes in class, to my textbook, to the videos you share I really get a thorough understanding of the concepts being taught. Thanks, and keep up the great work.

[@snowstranger985]

Played at 1.5 speed, cramming-for-morning-final speed. Thanks!

[@Manojkumar61956]

That was great, Thanks 👍🏻

[@niranjan7457]

Sir at 09:05, can we give one Lone Pair from the Oxygen to the Carbon attached to oxygen, remove the Double bond from the Carbon attached to Oxygen and give a + to the Oxygen, add one Double Bond between the Ortho Carbon (to the immediate right of the Carbon bonded to oxygen) and the NO2 bonded Carbon, and remove one hydrogen atom from the Carbon bonded to NO2 (to make Carbon valency 4)? Isn't that possible, and thereby making a total of 4 Resonating Structures?

[@benYaakov]

Yeah , I am thinking same too as there is a conjugation of lone pair on oxygen and π - bond on carbon ?

[@GopalanRamaswamy]

Excellent teaching fir beginners highly recommended

[@slothifulliving6226]

in the meta structure, why couldn't you make a resonance structure in which the oxygen put one of its lone pairs into a p-orbital?

[@lukhanyomakhabane4238]

Thank u @ RSA

[@slothifulliving6226]

*the oxygen in the methoxy group puts its lone pair into a p-orbital and then a pi bond in the ring puts itself into a lone pair position... Why doesn't that count as a resonance structure?

[@danspitalnik]

I always get slightly sad when a Khan video starts and it isn't Sal talking. No offence to this guy.

[@DreamPink07]

I kinda like this guy better than khan in terms of chemistry (no offence to him). This guy gets straight to the point with none of the mumbling and commentary lmao

[@nosegrindv4951]

What! ive been in uni for 3 years and your telling me there are more than one guy!??

[@caseycape]

agreed, Sal is a tad more in detail and doesn't assume we already know a majority of what is being said.... :(

[@stargazer4023]

If you use a concentrated nitric/sulfuric acid mixture to nitrate anisole you will get dinitroanisole. If you want nitroanisole just nitric acid alone will do the trick.

[@narutouzumakix9201]

Clear and concise

[@djchawla555]

when resonance stabilised carbonium ion is formed,why positive formal charge is created instead of that there shod have been a neg charge on carbon atom at 3:55

[@greatsongs1326]

You are great teacher ,
Thank you very very much

[@SocksKr]

That was a fantastic video. Thank you so much for your help.

[@obaidaalbitar5737]

Thank you so much Jay bai

[@acceptinglife6491]

thanx so much 💜

[@zhlim8699]

THX YOU SIR! luv yr videos so much!

[@johnmandrake8829]

thank you good sir

[@darknebulae8037]

I am a little confused , in the second resonance there is a positive charge where the group and Benzene are attached to . So why didn't the group gave it's electron for the bonding instead of the benzene double bond giving it . Can someone pls explain it to me ?

[@secondbelarus]

I noticed it, too. The lecturer just combined the two electron shifts into one. More correctly, the fourth resonance structure should form from the preceding one, where the "+" sits next to the substituent.

[@juniordixie9489]

So how do you know if you add meta or ortho/para?

[@chixdighueyz]

It depends on what substituent is already on your benzene ring. The -OR group is an electron donating group, or strongly activating, and donates electrons into the ring. This would put the NO2 group in and ortho or para position. If you had a strongly deactivating substituent instead of the -OR group, (like a nitrile group), then your NO2 would be placed on the meta position. Hope that helps? (I'd go look up the different kinds of donating or withdrawing substituents)

[@rayeedahmed6034]

Jaclyn Petersen thanks :-)

[@sankalpmishra4132]

awsm

[@susanqaesari5956]

tankooooooooo

[@mesadib5054]

why more resonance group are more stabilised?

[@secondbelarus]

The more resonance structures, the more effective charge delocalization.
The more the delocalization, the lower potential energy of every single
charge (E=kq/er^2 by Coulomb). The lower energy, the higher stability.

[@mmaking8664]

too complicated

[@MiroslavIlias]

Thanks for the very good video !