How atoms REALLY make molecules!
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- Опубліковано 15 лис 2023
- What is molecular orbital theory and how does it work? Are you confused about frontier orbitals, HOMO and LUMOs? These essential concepts in chemistry and science are explained with examples and 3D animations.
How three oxygen atoms come together to make ozone: butane.chem.uiuc.edu/pshapley/...
For a detailed academic lesson on molecular orbital theory, I recommend Chad’s Prep:
• 9.5 Molecular Orbital ...
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Three Twentysix Project Leader: Dr Andrew Robertson
3D animations/production assistant: Es Hiranpakorn
Graphic Design: Maria Sucianto
This video was produced at Kyushu University and supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21K02904. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Kyushu University, JSPS or MEXT.
Loved your engaging presentation Dr Robertson! And already more views than mine on the topic in 6 days!!! Really well done. Thank you so much for the referral...truly a surprise!
Thanks Chad, I really appreciate that. Our videos are for different purposes but yours are great and well worth watching for a properly academic explanation.
@@ThreeTwentysix This is so great! Just as i commented before, because of you i'm getting a different view angle on chemistry, one closer to my heart - physics perspective. And your examples like not sitting next to a stranger in the bus, if there are other seats available, is just brilliant. Goes straight to imagination and makes it all "click" together much nicer.
My only hope is that UA-cam will not destroy this lovely science and makers community...
Thank you for your effort. There are many people hungry for knowledge, waiting for your explanations. 🥰
@@ThreeTwentysixsir please make a video on organic chemistry
Chad and Dr Robertson! Two of the best creators of chemistry podcasts! I follow you both. I'm a volunteer tutor for AP and General chemistry and I'm always seeking to be better at making chemistry more clear and interesting. Both of you are instrumental in that task!
You should really focus on quality of video like thumbnails and stuff to increase viewer attraction just like this channel
Yes, please cover more topics like aromaticity please! I've always had a feeling that textbooks simplify topics for introductory purposes, but I've hardly felt that way towards aromaticity until you've mentioned it, and now my interest has been piqued!
P.S. The way you cover topics are so clear and the visuals are fun :)
If aryls are aromatic, esters must be called aroma-ey.
Regarding textbooks simplifying things, look up the concept of "lies to children". 😻
Hell yes! And I would _love_ a video about making catalysts as well!
Count me in!!!!!!!!!!!
Definitely would watch your explanation on catalyst design! P.s your teaching rocks, leaving my curiousity vibrating
110% this
Oh yes, so hungry for that precious knoledge
Holy moly. This is it. I’m a microbiologist and I could never understand why uni textbooks didn’t dedicate too much paper on this fundamental theory. Even the exercises where very mechanical and didn’t go beyond biatomic molecules scenarios. Of course, as a microbiologist, i’am more interested in linking chemistry theories with the unique molecular world of the cell, that is very messy.
I mean this theory it’s crazy difficult but it’s immensely powerful.
I must say that if I had you as my chemistry teacher I would be a chemist now, the energy, the passion and the amount of knowledge you put in is immensely inspiring.
Thank you so much.
Finally a good and not superficial chemistry youtube channel
My friend, you could fill the entire UA-cam library with 'stuff they don't teach in school' 😂😂😂
They do talk about this at school tho...
A bit of a self-own, really... "I didn't get in the school that talked about this."
in a real university chem class they DO tell you about it. LOL
@@triple_gem_shining I suppose he means high school
@@triple_gem_shiningI got told this in high school when I was 16
Would love that catalyst video! Aromaticity would be great, too. Awesome work!
I have a first class in Engineering from UCL and a PhD in physics, UMIST, and a lifetime of learning - I’m 66. Your work is incredible!
UMIST? Then we have something in common.
Yes, I did my EngD there after leaving the Army, 1996-2000. I was quite old 😅.
A video on the catalytic mechanisms would be very interesting
This one video essentially summed up multiple years worth of my chemistry course... in a better, more concise and interesting way (losing essentially no detail!) Your videos are seriously amazing!
Am 18 years old and Always try to find concepts on UA-cam which i have difficult and finally find best video on Chemistry of bonding, orbitals ...and so on
😆
I would definitely like a deeper dive on aromatics, catalyst design, and other applied MO topics than some textbooks give us.
I just want to say keep making these videos. You fill a niche on UA-cam that no one else has done, you are personable and have good camerawork, you are going to explode upwards! Thanks to your passion of chemistry and education you are helping a lot of young people learn what they don’t exactly teach in school.
Having just been introduced to crystal field theory in class today, I’d love a video on the design of catalysts and even how molecular orbital theory and crystal field theory are related.
I love your videos by the way. You explain concepts in a really engaging manner :D
Even though it's not entirely about what you commented, he does have a great about chemical crystal structure!
I never studied chemistry beyond A Level, I like your method of explanation, we can listen to what you're saying, while allowing our brains to run ahead a little, that allows us to feel somewhat clever that we've worked out the next step, when in fact it's your very carefully laid-out path of breadcrumbs that guides us there.
I've taken several years of university chemistry courses and this connected some ideas that I hadn't connected before. Thanks! A video on catalyst design and aromaticity would be great! I think they might even go together. At least when designing orbital energies the molecules usually have an aromatic part somewhere. 🤔
Learning chemistry without any visual imagery ability sucks
that's why i learnt nothing properly in school . neither this or nor physics ... teachers made it only worse😢😂
Man...this video made my day...I was struggling to understand how everything works this video covers it all...please keep up..
I’d really like to know how this relates to energy bands in solids! Thanks for the great video!
Every single topic you mentioned is one i want video for! I love these videos because these topics are covered very sparsely and in short in my high school course but seem very interesting to me! Please continue this, and thank you!
You quickly became one of my favorite chemistry UA-camrs!!! You do a great job explaining complex topics and I genuinely appreciate it!
I’m so grateful for your channel. Was so pumped when I saw your teaser on instagram and have been waiting since then for this vid. If I had a professor like you in university, I would have kept going in chemistry without a doubt. Got really turned off to it in my orgo class and made my way over to pure math and electrical engineering instead, but it really is such a pleasure learning from you and seeing your perspective on the field. The world needs more scientists and science educators like you. 😊
Yes, please more on aromaticity and catalysists.
Yes please! All of those video ideas sounds so interesting.
Thank you for the great content. we want more because you explain concepts in a really intriguing manner.
Wow. I’m incredibly impressed once again. This is one of the best videos on MOs I’ve watched so far! Kudos
One of the best videos I have watched on youtube, great explanations, intuitive, in depth and inspiring communication of the subject. Being a chemist with a background in theoretical chemistry myself, can't help but feel like a student again and be excited to learn (and relearn) more. Thank you, I wish I had found your channel earlier 😂
Yes! Cover aromaticity please.
Good stuff man. I don't fully have my head around this aspect yet but with explanations like this, it can't be long
Dr Robertson, this is the BEST FREE content available online on molecular orbital theory. Your explanations were easy enough for a sophomore to understand this.
I would recommend you change the title of the video to something like 'Molecular Orbital Theory explanation' or something similar because that would help you with getting your target audience, and enhance view count.
D
Otherwise people are going to click the video and leave because its too complex of a topic for them to watch at dinner.
This video is criminally underrated. Just subscribed.❤
Another great video. I simply love your explanations. Excellent job sir! Keep enlightening us!
UA-cam only recommended you to me the other day, I studied science up to college but work in IT, I've always loved the subject and maintain a keen interest, loving your work. In answer to all of your 'let me know if I should make a video' questions - yes to all of them, your explanations are engaging and superb, thank you for the time you put in.
This was great! Seems to be the clearest explanation of the molecular orbital theory i've heard so far.
This is interesting, a video about designing catalysts would be really interesting 😊
Yes! Catalyst design as well please
I’m a PhD chemist. Great video, I always loved MO theory
This video clarified so much for me, it's ridiculous; you're an incredibly fine educator sir :D
I've subscribed, and I would love to see a full on knock-out video on topics like aromaticity and catalytic chemistry. Also would love to hear what you have to say on coordination complexes in organometallic chemistry.
Just mindblowing stuff. Amazing explanations! Thank you!
Fantastic presentation! It sounds like pretty fascinating stuff!
Thank you for the great content. Yes, please. Video on designing catalysts.
I absolutely love your teaching!
What an *excellent* explanation for molecular orbital theory. I love how you explain how the oscillations giving a visual representation of the quantum mechanical states of MOs - and about chemical reactivity between HOMOs and LUMOs - makes much more sense and explains the link in terms of energy differences. 😁👍
Your videos are awesome, it really helps provide an easy to understand visual representation to molecular bonds using illustrations. I always wondered after reading up on quantum field theory, electron clouds, probability densities translated into atoms bonding and forming various molecules, seeing how phases/constructive or destructive interference determines their bonds and energy states really helped solidify my understanding of it all. QFT, molecular bonds, science in general fascinates me to no end, I can't imagine a life not knowing nor having the desire to know how our fundamental reality works to our best understanding
I discovered this channel today after getting this video recommended to me. Recently I've found a new interest in biochemistry and next year I'm starting a masters degree in biomedical engineering specialised in bioengineering and applied cell biology. One of my most anticipated courses is Advanced Organic Chemistry and videos like these are making me even more excited for what's to come :). Keep making videos, you are a great explainer and I find this way of explaining + your way of talking very nice and relaxing to follow! +1 sub :D
The 3d animations make the whole difference. This channel is gold.
Thank you so much for this video! Please talk more about electron orbitals, this is great.
The previous comment I left roughly in the middle of the video. I just finished watching and I have to say thank you sooo much, great explanation, great topic.
A discussion of aromaticity in Molecular Orbital Theory would be very welcome.
I remember seeing the molecular orbitals of molecules like methane (very interesting in itself) and the HOMOs and LUMOs of more complex linear organic molecules, but don't think I've seen much surrounding aromatic rings.
This was great! I for one would like a video describing the theoretical development of a catalyst.
Catalyst design sounds fascinating! I particularly appreciated the explanation of how OLED's work, this framework allows understanding of the idea better than any other I've encountered, thanks!
great video aromaticity and catalysts videos would be enjoyed.
Thanks for this inspiring video! It closes a gap hurting in my head since I finished studying sciences. Lectures with orbitals and binding theories have always been a warrant for boredom. But there is a way for an understandable explication.
Definitely interested by the catalyst effect.
Thank you very much for the video. It's so clear I feel I understood everything.
I absolutely love the way you explain chemistry!!! And yes, I would like a video on aromaticity very much...
I have a couple of questions for your next episode of the series.
1. What is Secular Equilibrium in nuclear chemistry?
2. Why are f orbitals not yet fully understood? What is the inherent reason behind why computers and software such as DFT and HF can’t properly model molecules containing f orbitals?
3. What is the size of “limit” for a molecule? Could you theoretically have an individual molecule the size of an entire planet? Why or why not?
4. How does the Jan-Teller effect know which ligands are axial and which are equitorial? Isn’t that just a matter of perspective (assuming all the ligands are equivalent)?
5. Can dark matter exist in the nucleus of an atom? What about in it’s orbitals?
6. Can the electrons of an atom go inside the nucleus? Why or why not?
7. What are Brillouin Zones?
8. The half life of a population of radioactive atoms is estimated well with statistical analysis, yet, how come there is nothing we can do to extend or shorten this half life?
Thanks for your videos, they are an invaluable resource to youtube!
Thank you for the excellent work and sharing !
I would like to see the topic of light interaction with molecules. You’ve done UV; how about IR (bending and stretching) and MW (rotational entropy).
Very good video. I often share your videos in my fb business groups for their learnings.
Brilliant video. You sum up really well how quantum mechanics causes bonding. That video on designing catalysts sounds super interesting!
Excellent lesson. Thank you.
you're great at what you do.
I loved this. Its new to me but very enlightening.
Just subscribed, really great videos! Excited to see what other topics you cover
Doctor Robertson, it has been a great experience listening to this presentation by you, I am a Chemical Eng., for my profession, the Lewis explanation and counting electrons in atomic orbitals had been enough up to this day. Congratulations
A video about designing Catalysts would be greatly appreciated!!! Absolutely amazing content!!!
this is a better explanation than any professor has ever given me. thank you!!!
Great video, and yes, I would like to hear about catalyst making ;)
Yes really like your take on aromaticity and catalysis design as it relates to theoretical and synthetic chemist views
This is good stuff, I learned molecular orbital theory, but it was like twenty years ago. And we did not get into the quantum mechanics of it. As I went through other classes and learned on my own, I definitely realized I wasn't getting the full picture. Bond theory was the one we studied and practiced using. I had to drop out before getting to take organic😢, so I lost a ton of useful stuff because of it. I'm too out of date to try again, but I love chemistry so much! It really was my first love. It's hard to find good YT chemistry, or at least it historically has been. That seems to be changing slowly. You definitely help with that...
It's never too late. I changed discipline from physics to robotics 15 years ago and mostly did some engineering related stuff from this point onwards. But I went back to learning theoretical physics a few years ago in my spare time just for fun. A lot of concepts I was struggling with back then appear almost trivial to me now, and I can tell I have a more profound and mature understanding of this field. I must admit that I never stopped doing maths so that helped quite a bit, but having a more "seasoned" brain makes learning difficult stuff easier. If you have the time for it, definitely do what you love.
@@tzimmermann I like learning, I thrive in university settings... I'm bankrupt from school and medical debt. I can't go back because they won't let me not the other way around... Being born poor, autistic, and without support... Doesn't lend itself well to the US _"education"_ system.
@@Robert_McGarry_Poems I feel you, mate. I had the chance to be born in France where university fees are dirt cheap and I feel sorry for you guys who have to deal with this absolute BS of a system.
Now, you can absolutely learn stuff by yourself with free online resources, and books (that you can also find for "free" in pdf format, or really cheap on sites like abebooks), and papers on scihub. I learned way more by myself than I ever did at the uni while spending very little money. But I learned how to learn there (and you certainly did too).
You seem to be a passionate guy, don't let this die out.
You are the best at this! Keep it up!
Maravillosa explicación.
A really outstanding presentation:
- Interesting topic? Check!
- Headline fits the content? Check!
- Visuals support the narrative? Double check!
- Distracting visual eye-candy detected anywhere? Uncheck! (That has become a rare feat on UA-cam)
- Engaging presentation? Check!
- A pinch of humor? Check!
- Didactic path finding through the maze? Check!
- Creative analogies? Check!
- Viewing time well invested? Check! Definitely!
This is the 2nd video I watch on the channel and they both have that outstanding quality!
Subscribed? Check!
What a reply! Thank you!
Just discovered your channel. Life is good. Would definitely watch a video about catalysts ! You made my day. Best
I'd of course love a dedicated video of aromaticity as well on on catalysts for sure! Just love your work! I think your channel has the potential to become to theoretical chemistry what is PBS Space Time to theoretical physics and 3blue1brown to math.
Another topic I would like to see is the Atomic radius, but it even would be better if you would make videos on reactions like the Thermodynamic vs. Kinematic control of reactions, etc.
Keep up the good work! :)
Being mentioned with @PBSspacetime and @3blue1brown is high praise indeed, thank you. You'll be happy to hear kinetics is on the board for our upcoming second or third video. Thermodynamics is going to be some way off because it's going to be a series, but it's slated for some time next year.
I really want your collaboration with PBS. If it were something like PBS Space Time but about chemistry, that would be fantastic!
Great video, first time watching your content. More molectual orbitals please
Thanks for the great video! A video on designing catalysts would be very appreciated. Could you also briefly touch on the use of high-entropy mixed metal alloys as catalysts? These were so hyped a few years ago, but I haven't heard much about them since.
Wonderful videos. I'm very very grateful that You take time to educate. And hell yeah to video about designing catalyst. This channel is scrumptious.
Wow, that was a really great introduction, thanks.
PLEASE MORE VIDEOS ON THESE.
There's intelligent life on UA-cam ! This guy explained the subject better than my ChemE instructor from years ago....
I think a video dedicated to aromaticity would be a great learning experience for students, and a logical next step in the explanation of Molecular Orbital Theory. Even though I have retired from teaching High School Physics and AP Chemistry, I would be interested in seeing how you teach the topic.
Speaking of Theoretical Chemists, I was actually a wet Chemist for almost nine years before becoming primarily a Physics Teacher (there is more need for Physics Teachers), so I have a bias against theoretical Chemists as well as Theoretical Physicists. LOL I still remember this old crochety professor who was a whiz-bang analytical Chemist who called the Freshman Chemistry textbook titled, "Concepts of Chemistry," Contraceptive Chemistry, because the book was all theory with no practical applications. I learned more practical lab techniques from him than in all my other lab classes combined.
This was a great video to touch up on my inorganic chemistry. Thank you
Aromaticity and designing catalysts would be so helpful! Thank you
Great video! I Would love to watch more videos on chemistry.
Very cool explanation!
Great explanation to this. I think this theory is something missed by many material scientists and physicists as well as they mostly focus at the periodic scale of the wave functions. I think starting at the molecular orbitals and then bridging to the solid phase gives great depth for developing intuition especially at solid interfaces.
B.S. in Chemistry and Molecular Biology, here. I loved this. In predictablity the use of AI is going to change everything. We can take a combined approach and use the data and rule sets...comparing measured results and energy levels and iteratively feed it to the computer to get better predictability. This is going to help accelerate chemistry into places we've never seen before. This is important for isolating new drugs and discovering new materials for use in electronics, coatings, pharmaceuticals, and new chemicals for detection. Bravo. You do an exceptional job in making this probabilistic universe more understandable to the layman. No, it isn't intuitive, but matter does not play the same games we do. Matter and space and time live in the realm of probability.
It is going to be a paradigm shift when we discover and can prove that particles are just space folded back on itself...and are not entities...but events that happen to the fabric of space.
That was great, thank you! Yes, please make one on aromaticity. Also, on designing catalysts.
I would love another video like this on aromaticity!!
Yes, a video on designing catalyst plz. Ik all this stuff but I love the way you present it.
Probably for a similar reason that we start with Newtonian gravitational models instead of jumping straight to General Relativity. It's a good approximation for simple cases, and the cases where it breaks help develop an understanding of the more complicated model. (Referring to 21:39 about why don't we just use molecular orbital theory instead of the simpler valence bond theory.)
YES please do aromaticity. I really wished I found your channel while I was taking organic chemistry but I finished orgo 2 already (Im a cellular biology major) but I still find chemistry fascinating and this video made it so much clearer.
Thank you for clearing my doubts richard hammond
Liked before watching!
That was fast!
Great video as always. Keep them coming!@@ThreeTwentysix
Im a big fan of the conception of electrons as the entire orbital, like theyre smeared out across the orbital region, but permeable, such that the protons/nuclei of the atoms can "sink into" the lowest energy position within their "cloud." The molecular orbital theory meshes with that amazingly well. So to speak, the electrons can share space with each other, but only in so far as their orbitals merge in a stable configuration, one which accounts for the mass and probability density of their sum total while also maintaining a stable spin configuration or phase as you put it. Thanks! Id never heard of this theory till now and i greatly appreciate it!
Yes, please make all the videos you stated.
Wow that’s a last from the past.
I now remember doing MO theory 40+ years ago at University. Great video
I just started working towards my PhD in chemistry (I have my bachelors in chemistry). And I have to say that this video is TREMENDOUS. I wish they would provide such a concise, easy to understand picture in school of molecular orbital theory. Watching this video now improved my understanding of MO theory and I’ve been through inorganic class😅 Thank you for posting
Man, you explain things the way i and everyone else likes. Of course, i want a video about designing catalysts and a continuation for the atomic orbitals series. I did like the video 👍
Thank you so much for making thus extremely useful and helpful video
yes please.... more videos on the things you talked about in this one