GCSE Chemistry - States of Matter & Changing State #21
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- Опубліковано 27 тра 2024
- This video explains 'particle theory' and uses it to describe the 3 states of matter: solid, liquid and gas. It also covers how substances move between these states at the particle level.
This video is suitable for:
- All exam boards
- Triple and combined science
- Higher and Foundation tiers
The last part of the video on the limitations of particle theory is only relevant to higher tier students, but this is labelled with the usual "Higher Tier" box in the top left corner.
If you’d like to practise the material covered in this video, check out our platform at www.cognitoedu.org - it's totally free, and has been built to make learning and revision as easy as possible. The main features are:
- Lessons organised by topic, only the lessons relevant to your specific exam board and tier are shown.
- Automatic progress tracking. Progress bars tell you what you’re doing well at, and what you need to spend some time on.
- Practise quizzes so you can test your knowledge. You can quiz yourself on any combination of topics you like.
- A huge number of fully-hinted questions that take you step-by-step through some of the trickiest calculations & concepts.
- A comprehensive bank of past exam papers, organised both by year, and also by topic.
Amadeus & Tom
Oh how i love the amount of homework my teacher sets
No cap now i have to watch it 😭
@@VsyncBX Same LOL. She sets it for revision
@@ameliaweeb8235 almost as if that’s the point 😮
@@kianstephens5358 😂
Your profile pic says otherwise 😂
This is the best UA-cam channel if you are doing O'levels.
Yeah I am doing o level would you plzz tell what subject you had chose.
@@aliismail3380 O levels??
@@senjitsu it's like a the Asian version of GCSE's
Thanks you I had a 96 in the GCSE exam
particle theory helps us
explain how the party was in each state
behave by considering each particle as a
small solid inelastic sphere
in solids there are strong forces of
attraction between the particles where
it holds them all close together in a
fixed position to form a regular lattice
structure
and because the particles are fixed the
overall substance keeps a definite shape
and volume so can't flow like a liquid
the particles can vibrate in their
position though so if you imagine them
constantly adjusting against each other
now if we heat up a solid its particles
gain more energy and start to vibrate
even more which weakens the forces
between them
certain temperature which we call the
melting point the particles have enough
energy to break free of their bonds and
the solid melts into a liquid
in the liquids there are only weak
forces of attraction between the
particles so they're free to move around
and are arranged pretty randomly
however the weak forces of attraction do
you mean that the particles tend to
stick together and a fairly compact this
means that liquids have a definite
volume even though the overall shape can
change and so flow to fit a container
if we then heats up our liquid the
particles will gain more energy and this
will make the particles move around
faster which weakens the forces holding
the particles together
and once we reach the boiling point the
particles will have enough energy to
break the bonds altogether and so the
liquid boils or evaporates into a gas
in gases the force of attraction between
the different particles is of every week
so they're basically free to move around
by themselves
this means that gases don't keep a
definite shape or volume and instead
will always fill a container had they
spread out as much as possible
we normally say that gases are
constantly moving with a random motion
and this can be a bit confusing because
gas particles actually move in straight
lines they don't randomly swerve what we
actually mean by random motion is that
particles can travel in any direction
and they'll end up being deflected by
solid walls or other gas particles
randomly
when we heat up a gas and the particles
all get more energy and so travels
faster the gas will either expand if the
container it's in is expandable like a
balloon or if the container is fixed
then the pressure will just increase
on the other hand if we cool the gas
down enough then the particles weren't
have enough energy to overcome the
forces of attraction between them and so
bonds will start to form between the
particles condensing the gas into a
liquid
then as we call the liquid even further
the same thing happens the particles
won't have enough energy to overcome the
attraction between them and this time
even more bonds form fixing the
particles in place and freezing the
liquid into a solid
now the last thing we need to mention is
that the particle model were used for
explaining the states of matter isn't
perfect.
in reality particles aren't actually
solid in elastic or spheres instead
their atoms ions or molecules
another issue is that the model doesn't
include any details of the forces
between the particles for example it
doesn't consider how strong they are or
how many of them there are
that said models like theirs are still a
useful simplification that allow us to
understand a complicated concept.
Touch grass
same
Why so long
A simple topic made even simpler! Wonderful job as usual... Thanks Cognito!
This was really helpful! The pictures are great and so is the colour!🤩 Your explanations are clear! All in all amazing!
Hi feel free to check this video out! ua-cam.com/video/Z1Qvm_jbqRY/v-deo.html Thank you
made me forget even more and ur saying its helpful james?
Your revision stuff is clear from my science teacher thanks so much 😂😂😂😂
Hi Cognito! First of all, thanks alot for this video, it has helped me with my revision for my exam week. I was wondering if Plasma would also be considered a state of matter? I'm not sure about this, just wondering
Hi, yeah plasma is sometimes considered “the fourth state of matter,” but not always, and it's not covered in the GCSE course.
Ayo I have exam to
HOW DOES THIS CHANNEL HAVE LESS THAN 500K SUBS! SO UNDERATED!
Now 600kkkk
I learned more from watching videos of chemistry then in chemistry class
i just had a whole lot of science revision to o and i only used videos from this channel to revise! heard your videos were good from a friend and I have to agree.
it explains things ot easily and I understand straight away and the diagrams shown just make it even easier
thank you, thanks to you, i think i might to ok in my science test!
Ah thankyou, we're happy we can help!
do some practise tests as well to confirm your knowledge👍
thanks this helps me a lot especially because I'm doing exams.
How lovely another video to watch for homework!!
This video is super informative, and the diagrams help so much. Thanks!
This was such a useful video that explained everything I did in class. Helped me better understand. Good work!
This vid really helped with school thanks
Is oobleck a solid and liquid?
Hey cognito , I was wondering if you could add sublimation and decomposition as they are also in the GCSE specification
Thank you so much because of you i got an 84 in chem
84 aint good bud
@@Rostmeo1yes it is bud
B- is not good 😂@@mowful4223
@@Rostmeo1shut up bud
This was soo useful for my school work thank you soo much 👍
Thanks for the help i watched your many videos which helped me
Nice video, really helped me.
are these videos suitable for aqa science?
this was great help thank you ❤
thanks for the help-- this was really useful and i was able to take notes much more easily. thank you
Hi Mr.Cognito! I have a question: Force of attraction and energy between the particles are INVERSELY related right? Like in cooling, when the kinetic energy between the particles DECREASES, the attraction INCREASES to make the bonds closer. In heating, when the energy INCREASES, the force of attraction DECREASES because the bonds overcome more force that makes them apart.
yeah siuu
amazing as always
Thanks im revising for an exam on particles
Same
Wow sooooooooo nice your explaination is great
Finally A British Accent! :
Hello. I was wondering if bonds actually formed between particles when gas is cooled
It helped me a lot in my science project
Do you have links to download these notes?
Hi feel free to check this video out! ua-cam.com/video/Z1Qvm_jbqRY/v-deo.html
You can view the layout on Instagram too: instagram.com/p/CGHUYsXnuME/?
Thank you
brill thx
Do you have any tips on learning this such as condensation or solubility ?
are you gay ????????????????????????????????????
@@6ahnaf shut up
Theres a cambridge igcse book it has pretty much all you need in it id recommend you get it if you dont already have it from school or so
You earned a sub!
Hi cognito I really love your videos as I covered through all of the gcse content for biology in 3 weeks whereas I don’t learn anything in school, have you considered teaching A level biology and A level chemistry?
Thank you so much 🥰
great vid cheers
oh wow thank you so much! this really helped. btw I thought u guys only do math videos?
Happy to help Homaira! And nope, we do maths and the three sciences 👍
Hey, the state of matter video and kinetic theory video are exactly the same......and literally nobody here noticed that??????
yes really!
Yes I noticed 😙
ty very helpful
Bro, I had an exam like two days later and I’ll pass because of this like they make something super complicated into something super Duper simple like they should replace her teachers with this channel
so good defo
wa fi khata fe fill a he aslan fills a shukran
Thank you so much. This is really helpful
thank ya , love ya
oh i definitely don't have to watch this on force 💀 😭
I literally got 49/50 on my test without even studying
I love atching videos 😭i really do
respect
I’m a lot like gas, constantly moving with random motion 😂
Me finally finding out why gas tanks explode when shot
Thanksss bro 💯🔥💪👍🙌👏🏅🥇🏆🌟🙏👏💰💰💰😁🙏👏
Thanks
thank you soooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo mucccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccchhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
Jerico loves akeshia❤❤
i found it very interesting
Hi, feel free to check out a smilier video ua-cam.com/video/Z1Qvm_jbqRY/v-deo.html Thank you
I found it very boring
❤
Famous,very likes homework.
gas particles do not move in a straight line they mve in randm directions.
Hi, they only change direction when they hit something like a particle and a wall. In between they travel straight because there is no force present to change their direction (unless you consider gravity but that it negligible at this level).
Why is No one Talking about the three other states?
The three most important states of matter are: Solids, Liquids, Gases.
Yep I know it is just annoying cause I have been trying to find a vid that explains the other three but I can’t find anything
y don't my teacher jus teach like this
Real
why did you post this? our science teacher made it a quiz and IDFK what to do!!
DIO I CAN DINALLY BEAT YOUUU
bababoiii
🥶
Ash high?
yes hiya jj
@@Lucy-vx4fy you watch wilbursoot?
@@earthyjuice5593 yh i do i watch a load more do i know u ? :)
Jerry 3:12
Instead of an Indian guy we have a English guy what universe is this again.
Good vedio but please speak slowly
Fucking like 8th vid ive seen today. Bro 4 of the links my teachers supplied to some other site dont even have the material we need
ana mafi sowe bak biting ana fe sawe hoob
s5 compo anyone???????????
:D
y
Anyone here for TAFE work 🎉 :/
Omds
ya shabab who rabha khata lanaho showaya ghabi hal tafhamunany lianany showaya taban mafi mushkil ana fee sowe faces liana uhab tummy kabir wa slap oin faces lakinanu u hibukum waana mafi sowu mushkil mafhoom antom wala atom aahhaah yalla maasalama
Next day of doing homework
What the hell more homework 😡😡😡
Lol
Hi Cognito! First of all, thanks a lot for this video, it has helped me with my revision for my exam week. I was wondering if Plasma would also be considered a state of matter? I'm not sure about this, just wondering
thank ya , love ya