Why do Polynesians say "wai' / "vai", Malays say "air" and some Filipinos say "tubig"?
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- Опубліковано 23 тра 2022
- The words for "water" in many Austronesian languages usually come from either "daNum or "wahiR. These are reconstructed Proto-Austronesian words meaning "fresh water" or "stream / river". Howevers a few languages have other words for example "tubig" in some Philippine languages and "banyu" in Javanese and Balinese. Let's trace the origins of these fascinating words.
How do you say "water" in your language?
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Also, do check out my video from the Polyglot Gathering where I ask speakers of Malagasy, Malay, Bisaya and New Zealand Maori to guess the meanings of words in their respective languages.
• Echoes of Ancestral Vo...
In Tagalog, wahig means water coming from a fresh water stream. But this word is not known anymore, and i just found this word in my grandfather's century old dictionary. I guess this word is now replaced by bukal or batis.
Edit: The dictionary is not the "Vocabulario de la lengua Tagala" the dictionary I have here has no cover, it is handwritten and some words are written in ancient Tagalog script called baybayin, I don't know where it came from, I just found it inside a chest box of my grandfather.
I wonder where Tagalog "ILOG" came... I'm trying to connect it to other Austronesian words for river, but it's elusive...has it something to do with "Iwahig"...both begins with "I"and wahig and Ilog is water or river.
@@rodenreyes6320 , "wahig" in Malay is "bah", with the "ig" deleted, its meaning is related to the overflow of water in a river, the closest and almost similar pronunciation to "wah", to distinguish and isolate (Separatist Network) . "Loji" in Malay means related to storage or water storage/tank (loji air), related to the Tagalog "wahig" and "Ilog". Further research is needed on functional and linguistic unification as well as global or international unification of languages similar to Mandarin and English or larger empires. Segregated networks like the Republic of Singapore are replaced by English and Mandarin, a global presence that values education and economic creation. So, do further research and improvise for a better journey of unity or separation, replacing all ancestors with peaceful solutions instead of war (self-destruction).
Waig in Ilocano means stream. Old Tagalog “Wahig”
@@romliahmadabdulnadzir1607
Maybe i-log is Air-loj. Water storage?
@@rodenreyes6320 The word ILOG clearly came from another different word I guess, though it might not be impossible that it's related to WAHIG or any other words for river. Because ILOG is not the only one word for river in Tagalog language. There are "suba", "sapa", "pilapil" and many more.
“Lau ranu na inu mu”
(I’m drinking water)
Lau: Me/I
Ranu: Water
Inu: Drink
River: SinaVai
Salt Water: Tadi
Sea or ocean: Davara
Low tide: Komada
High Tide: Utu
Eye: Mata
Hand: Ima
Leg: Ae
Hair: Hui
Lice: Utu
Ear: Taia
House: Ruma
That’s how I speak it in my language (Hiri Motu/Motu. I am a motuan, my village is approx. 20 kilometres outside Port Moresby, South coast of Papua New Guinea 🇵🇬)
We use mata for eyes
Tenga for ears
Kutu or kuto for lice
Inom for drink
In Tagalog
I see the similar sounding names from your language. Greetings fom Philippines
@@dianaverano7878 "Tainga" or "taynga" is the formal word for ear.
"Inu" in Malay is "m-inu-m" and drink in English.
"Ruma" in Malay is "rumah" and in English is "house." "Utu" in Malay is "K-utu" and lice in English.
Old Javanese has "air", "er", "har", "her" for water. An example: the name of a javanese king Airlangga (ruled XI century AD), means literally "jumping (the) water" -> "he who crosses water".
Makan (eat) = ma (suffix means "to do") + ikan (fish)
Minum (drink) = ma + inum (water)
Maju (go forward) = ma + aju (go forward)
Mundur (go backward) = ma + undur (go backward)
The -kan in makan is derived from the Proto-Austronesian Kaən.
similar to Javanese, their word for eat is Mangan but the root word is Pangan ←pang + kan.
Kuman ( kan + -um- infix ) in Minahasa languages
Kaan/ Mongaan in Mongondow language.
Fun fact about Sundanese: while "cai" is the regular word for "water", the prefixed form "ci-" seems to preserve the original meaning of "stream, river". "Cikarang" like you mentioned literally means "river of rock/coral". Another example is "Citarum" which means "river of indigo plant".
i just read minutes ago that indigo plant in tagalog is tayum.
there's a place near manil which literally means, river of rock, or lake of rock. it's called lawang bato. and idk why it was called that way.
@@esperanzacorazon9686 when I heard “lawang bato,” I think about “stone gate” 🤣
I have wondered about this a long time, I did think maybe ‘Ci’ is a prefix considering how common it is and the way it’s used.
@@esperanzacorazon9686 this sounds like rawa batu which means swamp of rock
This is mind blowing! Goes to show how deep the connections Austronesians shared just by words. Now I understand where 'Danumsigwasan' comes from which is the Filipino scientific word for 'Hydraulics'. The 'Danum' part is water and 'sigwasan' is physics. So basically, it is the physics of water!
we are also connected genetically, we have similar dna's.
That's so cool. I love how Austronesian languages make compound words: sigwasan = isig (force) + lawas (body) + -an (locational/reciprocal affix (?)).
It is related to fluid mechanics, which in large part provides its theoretical foundation. Hydraulics deals with such matters as the flow of liquids in pipes, rivers, and channels and their confinement by dams and tanks. Some of its principles apply also to gases, usually in cases in which variations in density are relatively small. Consequently, the scope of hydraulics extends to such mechanical devices as fans and gas turbines and to pneumatic control systems.
In Malagasy, we also use "mino" which means "to drink"; and "ako" meaning "I"
Is this standard Malagasy or one of the other major "Dialects" of Malagasy? If you don't mind me asking.
@@ANTSEMUT1 "mino" is used especially in western and southern Madagascar, but not by the Merina people, whereas "ako" or "aako" is used by the Merina people. In official Malagasy it is "aho"
@@randriaH ooooh ok, I've noticed that at least the southern dialect especially holds on to more archaic vocabulary and by extension more recognisable austronesian cognates.
in malay language drink is "minum"
@@ANTSEMUT1 Maybe that's true. They are believed to have come to Madagascar before the Merina.
In Māori there are no Ds, they are transliterated to Rs. So RANU makes complete sense. Thanks for the great video
Ranu means lake in javanese.
Rano means water in Minahasan!
In Yapese (Micronesia) water is Ræn, and to drink is Unum.
I think it’s funny that when we say to drink water, we’re basically saying water water-if my understanding of the video is correct. 😂
In Bicolano like everyone in the Philippines we say "tubig" for water
but when we use "tamongot" (angry register) we call water "katbag"
so in normal Bicolano we'd say
inomon mo an tubig (drink the water)
using "tamongot"
ti'labon mo na an katbag (drink the water)
A Quora thread has an answer that mention there is 'wahir' remnant in Javanese. The word 'wedang' (hot beverage) comes from words 'we' and 'dang'. 'dang' means to serve while 'we' - you guess it - means water. The answer cites a book by Bernd Nothofer, The Reconstruction of Proto-Malayo Javanic, in case you want to check it.
Thank you! I've read about this before, it makes sense. Also, thanks for the recommendation!
@@languagestolearn8155 anytime, buddy
In Toba Batak the word 'I' is ahu (for written language), but we usually say 'au'. water is aek (other sub, Batak like Simalungun, they say 'bah' and for Pak-pak they say 'lau'. But the word of 'aek' is understable for kinds of Batak.
In Basa Maguindanao, Minum akuORsaki sa aig/ig(I drink water), Minum(drink), saki(I) Aig/Ig(water). Udang(shrimp), Pēgu(take a bath), mamanao/bamanao(to wash/rinse), lēmpai/lūmampai(overflow/flood), lagat/laut(sea/ocean), lanao/danao(lake), bituun/bintang bērikor/bērasab(Comet)
Piring(saucer).
It’s so nice to hear other language connection and similar words being discussed in this way
Similar with Bahasa Sug as well
There are many words for water in javanese: banyu, toya, warih, her, we, ranu, tirta.
I noticed that "ig" in Tagalog has connotations of water - tubig (water), igib (to draw water), pasig (sandy riverbank or a river nearing the sea). It be related to wahig or vahig.
"pasig" in Malay is "pasir" meaning sand in English.
"wahig or vahig" removing ig and in Malay is "bah" and is related to overflow of water from the river. Interesting Malay in a very strong connection if further research. However, we also feature alikes and mostly look alike Obama USA, Joko indon, Marcos filipina etc globally.
In southwestern Philippines, we use the word "Air" for ablution, a ceremonial act of washing parts of the body before prayer.
Very interesting, In PNG (Rigo Language)
- Wai: River/Sea/Ocean
- Vai: Rinse with water
- Nanu: Water
- Niu: Drink
- Au: Me
- Gaku: Mine
Can see some similarities here.💯
Interesting how your sea/ocean is Wai.
In Yapese (just north of PNG in Micronesia) the sea/ocean is Dāy.
@@JTLI90 The so called Melanesia and Micronesia are just one big family spread across the pacific ocean with ancient ties and relationships.🙏
@@EsUzasi Micronesia is basically populated by descendants of the original people (ancestors of most Melanesians) and the settlers (Austronesians).
The only exception are the CHamoru of the Mariana Islands, who have no Melanesian blood (but closely related to the first Austronesians of SEA).
We are all siblings, but Melanesians are the eldest.
Javanese have some words for water:
- er, air (found in some old literatures)
- banyu
- toya
- warih (close to waih or wai)
- tirta
"ranu" as you said to be "water" in Malagassy, in Javanese "ranu" means "small lake"
In Old Javanese:
• Water = wway, wwe, we
• Lake/ pond = ranu
The word "water" is pronounced almost the same as the word "day". Day in Old Javanese is wai/ we. But they are came from different words:
• Water = *waHiR > wai/ wway > we
• Day = *waRi > wai > we
@@user-cj4ws7mk3w It's amazing..! As a Javanese myself, I just realized that "we" really means "water" as well in Javanese. That's why, in Java we call "hot drink" as "wedang". It comes from words "we = water" and "dang = boil/steam"
Thanks so much! 👍
@@user-cj4ws7mk3w it reminds me of Ranu Kumbolo! Now this is very interesting
@@1nadjmi1 Yes, ranu means lake/ pond, but in Old Javanese lakes also called "talaga" (tlaga/ telaga in Modern Javanese), derived from Sanskrit word "taḍaka"
In Kaili Language :
Uwe/Uve = Water
Rano = Lake
Tasi = Sea
Binangga = River
Uja/Uda = Rain
Javanese. Udan = rain
Malay = hujan = rain
😱
14:57 River in Tagalog is Ilog. This is where the Tagalog people got its name as they were known to reside by the rivers and were called 'Taga Ilog' which means river people or people living by the river. This eventually evolved to what we know today as "Tagalog" haha. From "Taga Ilog" to "Tagalog"
Specifically, this must be Pasig River, because civilization grew around other rivers in Philippines but they were not called "TAGA-ILOG".
Tagalog region people may have dispersed around Manila/Pasig River area.
Thank you! You are the first person who has made Austronesian historical linguistics as interesting to me as Indo-European historical linguistics :)
I'm binging your videos at the moment.
(Native Danish speaker, pure Danish roots, only been outside of Europe once.)
I AM LOVING THIS! Greetings from the Philippines. We have so much in common and I hope more of us realise this precious connection.
I love your passion in understanding Austronesian langauge. Respect 🙏
So interesting ! I was wondering myself if "misotro" would came from sudu (spoon) and you've confirmed what I thought so thank you
So, it basically means "menyudu" in Malay. Mi-sotro, Me-(N)-sudu.
Verb" inom" in Filipino means drink, as a root word.
" umiinom" means the person is drinking present tense.
Modern Tagalog speakers, still use root word inom, informally. As a short cut of umiinom word.
Let's compare:
Inom to inu ( Hawaiian), to minum (Malay). Words sounds like each other.
If I change order of subject-predicate in Tagalog sentence (grammatically incorrect in modern Tagalog)
Just to follow the Malay pattern:
Tagalog: Ako, inom ng tubig.
Malay: aku, minum air.
(similarity is undeniable)
With similar pattern Hawaiian & Tagalog subject - predicate order:
Tagalog: inom ako ng tubig
Hawaiian: inu au ka wai
( similarity is found. We modern Tagalog speakers use that exact sentence, where inom, shortened version is used)
Still wondering why Tagalog uses the word "tubig" instead of "wai", "ai" or "air" like other austronesian languages.
@@Emsyaz i wish I know the answer. I guess Tagalogs created their own word for water.
But the " ako" to " aku" in malay and
Inom and " minum" is similar 😊
2 opinions. "TUBIG" may have come from "tubir"(cliff) because of clean water from spring from a high source...
"TUBIG", from VAIG, WAIG, WAI, VAI,etc...sort of like (TU)VAIG...
@@rodenreyes6320 cool. Its nice to see how words are derived
@@Emsyaz"ig" is the only cognate we have😂.... tubig, wahig, waig, wai..
In Malagasy next to the word "misotro" we also say in some regions "mino".
In kedah Malay variety
Lapaq ayaq =thirsty
Makan ayaq =drink water.
Old people Say makan for drink but now people Say minun because johor-riau Malay influence.
This is interesting, as a native Bisaya speaker whenever I saw or heard Hawaiian I felt like they were just speaking the same language but cutting off certain words, and this is when I didn't realize there was as Austronesian connection or even knew what that was
In Javanese: "we-edang",is expression of hot water . "We" or way means : water and Edang means boiled. So boiled water in Javanese is "wedang"..
While in Sumatra especially Lampung "wey" or "way" means river.
While word of lake in Java and Sumatra is : danau, Danu, Ranau ,Ranu.
in Bahasa Indonesia there is word "Ranau" to describe a body of water stream.
"rano" in Madagascar
In my language Ranau = paddy field.
In the philippines, Danao and Ranao refers to lakes or ponds in Maguindanao, Maranao and Cebuano. Fairly related to danum and ranau.
@@catayloprince4772 well, we said danau for the lake in Indonesian.
Bahaa Indonesia doesn't exist. it's just Malay, you just don't wanna called it that way. Ranau literally mean the same thing in Malay so it's not exclusively Indonesia
New Zealand :
-Waikato
-Waiheke
-Waitomo
-Waitangi
Hawai :
-Waikiki
-Waipahu
Papua, Indonesia
-Waisai
-Waigeo
Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
-Wairebo
-Waikabubak
In Fijian I drink water is 'au ngunu wai'. Lake is Drano, fear is mataku, bird is manu.
In Javanese..
I drink water = aku ngombe banyu.
Ranu means small lake..big lake is danau.
Mataku in my language means my eyes.
Bird is manuk.
In Chamorro
I drink water: Hu gimen hånom
Bird: Paluma
Chicken: Månnok
Javanese mataku eyes. In Fijian my eyes matanngu or mataku depending on which dialect you speak. Mataku my eyes, matamu your eyes, matana his/her eyes, matadra their eyes.
The same with Indonesian “Aku minum air” mean I drink water. “Danau” means lake, “Takut” means fear. And in Javanese “manuk” is bird.
it's really interesting while in Jawa a Lake or water pond are called "Ranu", i believe it's old language, while newer version are "banyu" - drinking water, and in Bahasa Indonesia a lake is "Danau"
In Samoan, "Lano" is a lake
Maranao:
Water - Ig
Lake - Ranaw
River - Lawasa’ig
Wet - Wasa
I drink water - Piginom ako sa ig
So from ‘Wahig’ it got shortened to ‘Ig’.
Willing to learn Maranao and Maguindanao here. I’m very interested to the heavy influence of hindubuddhism to the ethnolinguisitc groups in Mindanao before Islam came.
Interesting. My language as the folowing;
Water = Vaig
Lake = Botung
River = Bavang
Wet = Ozopos
Tinum oku vaig = i want to drink water.
@@sumaranggg well, sometime w and h assimilated to the following vocal as these are semivowels.
Hence the Tagalog word IGIB. Meaning to gather or fill a bucket with water.
I have to admit, this channel is different. Others mainly go on general topics rather than focused on one like this one. It allows us to go deeper. One suggestion if I may, please add more visual illustration so we could have a better grasp and memorize the topic better. And one request if I may, please make a video about directions in Austronesian. Like, in Malay, why northeast is "Timur laut" (literally "East" "sea"), Northwest is "barat laut" (literally "West" "sea"), etc. I'm sure this phenomenon isn't unique to Malay
In Tagalog, Laot means sea. Timog = South,
North is Hilaga
East is Silangan
West is Kanluran
In old Tagalog, the word for northwest is "balaklaot" (spelled as "balaclaot" in Spanish-era dictionaries). But nowadays we only use "hilagang kanluran" (lit. north west).
Other obsolete terms for directions in Tagalog are "salatan" for southwest and "sabalas/sablas" for northeast.
Interesting that you had "balaklaot" back then. Is it a cognate? Or is it a borrowing?
@@mochardiansah7452 likely a rewording for Balik Laot...meaning returning to the sea. Laot is also archaic word for sea. In Ilocano it means both the sea and the west since the Language is spoken in Northwestern Luzon.
@@khust2993 i would love to know more about obsolete tagalog. can you share some more? better, can you share me your sources?
Wway ꦮ꧀ꦮꦻ in Old Javanese means "water". It retains in wé part of "wédang" ꦮꦺꦢꦁ (boiled water containing herbs).
Yéh ᬬᬾᬄ in Balinese also means "stream" and "river". And so do tukad ᬢᬸᬓᬤ᭄ and toya ᬢᭀᬬ. But, as far as I know, tukad can't be used for "water".
Cai ᮎᮄ in Sundanese cognates with cair in Malay. And "bah" in one group in Batak tribes cognates with flashflood or big flood in Malay too.
Danau perhaps was descended from *DaNum. And that *num part in *inum and *DaNum sounds interesting. Perhaps "ranum" in Malay may come from *DaNum also?
Tukad is used for river in Balinese, eg Tukad Badung. Toya means water in Balinese and Javanese, which a loanword from Sanskrit.
big flood in Sundanese is "caah", the consonant b in Malay becoming c in Sundanese, like "beringin" becomes "caringin" (Banyan Tree), in Old Sundanese, trunk is "catang" (Malay: batang).
no Cai is not cognate with cair, because there is no word for liquid (Adj.) in proto austronesian, and when i see to wiktionary cair related term is air which could mean that cair itself come from the word air (though idk), other than that there is other sundanese word that has "c/nc" in the word where it would otherwise be "b/w" in malay, Sanca=sawa, Catang=Batang, Ca'ah=Bah
and *DaNum doesn't have the same as *inum because they are a different consonant
I've got mind blown when you said "udang" and "uhang". I'm from the Philippines and we have "umang"(hermit crab) and "uang"(beetle), maybe in our dialect.
damn maphilindo literally one country we also say 'uang' in indonesia but it means money
Nuang in ilocano means buffalo or carabao
Udang is freshwater shrimp
Pasayan is the brookewater shrimp
Kappi is freshwater crab
Umang is the shellcrab/hermit
Arimbuken is seacrab
English: “I’m drinking water”
Kapampangan: “Miminum kung danúm”
Straight Translation: “Drinking me water”
yeah, the author did say in one of his videos that in many austronesian groups, unlike in the western languages, the verb is mentioned first in the sentence instead of the subject.
The relationship of a word in Austronesian languages is really interesting! It is full of unexpected etymology. By the way, I wonder why Modern Malay tends to use SVO arrangement compared to VSO which is kinda commonly used in classical Malay literature and other Austronesian languages as in the video?
Thank you so much for creating this channel. Wishing you all the best for your future videos.
Yes. Why is that? I mean most of Philippine Languages are VSO or Modifier first too. When did Modern Malay diverged from VSO?
Heavy influences from Arabic?
old Sundanese are VSO too
@@catayloprince4772 VSO is quite confusing to be honest
Austroasiatic influence.
There are a number of Malay words that are inline with Khmer. Javanese, Balinese, Sundanese, melayu Peninsular and parts of Borneo and Sumatra and Sulawesi linger ancient Austroasiatic genes (Sundaland)
Before the assimilations by Austronesians.
Can check DNA videos yourself
so basically, the words we use now evolved from where we source it or how we consume it like using a ladle. then over time, simplification to hasten communication by shortening syllables has helped mutate the words. also, the original pronunciation has been affected by preferred sounds, pronunciation and culture itself.
I am lampungnese from Sumatra Indonesia and water we call (way)
Fa'a-lano means to wash with freshwater in the Samoan language. Actually this word is only used to refer to washing of seawater from your body. That's the only link I can find with the word "Rano".
You know, the quarry hill on Easter Island is called Rano Raraku. There is a rain-fed lake on top, one of the only water sources for the island. So could be the word rano also made it all the way east?
I know in Kiribati, water is “ran”. In some of the outer islands of Chuuk, water is “rhan”.
Entirely possible, that's one hell of trip though.
in very Low level or Rude Sundanese, there is the word "ngowér" which means "to pee" (Formal Sundanese: ki'ih, High Sundanese: kahampangan), and I believe the root word is "owér" or "wér" plus the prefix "ng-", and maybe "wér" is related to *waHiR.
NEw subscriber here!! -- awesome to find something talking about SE asian and pacific languages! -- keep up the great work!
Wow!! Im so glad i discovered your channel!!
Welcome!!
Actually in Cebuano, people will say "sapa" for stream and "suba" for river. "Wahig" is used by Manobo speakers.
Your knowledge on the subject matter is so impressive, Brian! Keep up the good works 🙂
In Kawi (old Javanese) is very similar too.
Uminum ta aku ikang we/har/hèr
I drink the water
Angaras kami apuy/agnī/latu
We touch the fire.
Old Javanese has so many synonyms, so actually there are words I have mentioned above.
Orang jawa itu serumpun dengan Filipina
Old Javanese is very close to Philippine languages. It had the complex "focus" system.
agni/ geni is a loan word from sanskrit meaning fire. but apuy is austronesian.
@@dickyadhadyanto4986 correct
Dano, rano, danau are also word for lake in some places.
👍
Danau/Dano = lake
Ranu = small lake...
Danau Kota is a place in Malaysia
Don't forget tasik.
Funny, "banaw" in Cebuano can mean "spill over" and mostly used with any liquid. It can also mean "flooding" or a "flood". All still are connected to water.
is there any relation between the word 'danau' (lake) with *daNum? In Indonesia the malay word 'tasik' is less popular.
Also I remember the Balinese have a water goddess named Dewi Danu, said to reside in Lake Batur, the biggest lake in Bali. Perhaps her name is also related to *daNum?
in balinese danu mean lake. interestingly in height balinese tasik mean salt.
Malay used two words to describe large pool of natural water. Danau or Tasik.
Thank you so much for the very detailed explanation and connecting all these languages. That was very impressive and very good research on your part.
well researched topic, very informative. thank you
In Banjarese, we also use "banyu" for water
Salah satu kata pinjaman dari Jawa klo kada salah
Tambahan: Ada ulun suah membaca bahari, jaman bahari urang kita menyambat banyu tuh "aing" kalo kada salah
@@mrfuntastico4749 bahasa Bukit masih menyebut "ayying" untuk air.
I really enjoy these videos, please keep it up
This is sooooo interesting. Keep up the good work sir.
In Indonesia
Lampung
way = air
Rejang lebong bengkulu
Bio (biyau) = air
Sunda
ci = (water/river)
Curug = air terjun (water fall)
Melayu (kepulauan riau)
sei = sungai/river
Jawa/javanes
Ranu = danau/lake (volcanic lake)
I think as nation/tribe who was live as sea men, the malay Australian have a specific name for every form of water, just like inuit Eskimo who has 50 word for snow or arab who has many word to describe camel...
Awesome I’m Palauan and I appreciate your videos and am looking forward to the palau epsiode
Hello from Madagascar!
Hello from Malaysia
daNum evolved into inum and inum is to drink in Waray-Waray:
Nainum ak hin tubig. (I drink water)
However, there are words such as "mairinum", "irimnun" which mean a drink:
Tagi daw ak hin mairinum.
Tagi ak hin irimnun.
(Give me a drink)
Super interesting! Have you looked into the Minahasan dialect and it's similarities to Tagalog? Since we are near Davao there tends to be alot of overlap in the way both peoples speak
In southern part of Mindanao particularly maranao, water is 'ig' and i also observed similarities in the word 'tasik' to maranao word 't'sik' which means sprinkle.
Nice man, i learned alot. Subscribed
6:30 in Sarawakian Malay we used Aek for water as well. For Bah, we usually say it's for rising tide. But we will only say Aek bah to refer to the rising tide.
Wow very interesting. I've been wondering for a long time about the etymology for banyu.
Wai in leo Hawai'i is pronounced vai, river is kahawai or mulivai. Wahi means place. Lau means leaf it can also mean page, or it can mean many. 'ai means food, or eat. Fanau means children in Sāmoan amd in Hawaiian its hanau. Sea is kai but the open sea is moana. And sea water is also kai. But one thing, is that in old Hawaiian t and k are interchangeable in certain dialects, especially in niihau, and others only t is used instead of k especially in vheifly talk and with certain chants.
But i love that you pronounced Hawaiian words perfectly. Most people do not!
In Sāmoan wahi is changed to fasi which also means place
The root word for "umiinom" is "inom".
Umiinom ako ng tubig. (I am drinking water.)
Inom (drink)
Great talk as always.. It's really helpful that you use pictures, diagram, and map.
Is the variety of words for water related to the major source or use of water in each area?
Btw Sulawesi linguistics is very interesting since there are 5 separate branches of Malayo-polynesian languages in 1 island (Celebic, Philippines, South Sulawesi, west MP, and central MP)
Water in Balinese: Yeh
Some Malay dialect in Malaysia used ayo/ayor for water
Thank you so much for making this video.
Ranu in Javanese is lake
ranu, rano, danao, danau, danu, vano, banu, banyu, etc. all the words has one common root and it means freshwater (non sea water)
Southern Philippines ( Cebuano ) has similar word to Danum which is "Salom" meaning " to swim"
"Salom" is "Selam" in Malay, which means diving into the water. Wow, there is overwhelming commonality across the region, and besides Obama (USA) and Joko Widodo (Indonesia)’s respective Polynesian traits, it’s fun to share more of what we have in common.
In waray, our word for river or creek is 'salog' and to swim is 'langoy'
@@Kadayao-telaranrhiodBlogspotin Hiligaynon, salog is floor.
@@Kadayao-telaranrhiodBlogspotswim is also langoy but salom is dive which I think OP was confused about.
@@joshrillo yeah salug is also floor for waray 😅
I'm Javanese.
Water = banyu. Also "air" (Javanese ancient word).
Name of king Airlangga mean The water drinker. (Mean not an alcohol drinker)
Ancient Javanese has so much similarities to Melayu.
It seems like they used to be of the same tribe but eventually diverged.
In Philippines
Water = is Tubig
But in Northern Philippines water is Danum/Ranum
And in Northern Philippines ( Kapampangan Ethnic )
Banyu = is Toilet
Langgah is Northern Malay dialect meaning 'drinking water hastily due to thirst'
@@djambu so interested.... Air langgah means... Minum air cepat2..😀
In Batangueño (Tagalog dialect), the word "banaw" means to mix something with water. Mostly used when talking about drinks. Example:
"ipagbanaw mo nga akong kape" = make me some coffee
"nagbanaw siya ng kape" = he/she made coffee
sa cavite kanaw
Water is Tubig in Tagalog, while word “Igib” means to fetch fresh water.
"Tubig" is too big in English, the Malays of Kelantan or Pattani pronounce it as "tubik", which means something huge coming out of a small hole or something, also related to water.
Agsakdo in ilocano
Water in various Indonesian local languages (Austronesian only):
Indonesian: Air
Javanese:
- Ngoko > Banyu
- Kråmå > Toyå
- Kråmå Inggil > Tirtå
Sundanese: Cai
Balinese: Yéh
Madurese: Aéng
Acehnese: i
Gayo: Wih
Batak: Aek
Nias: idanö
Minang: Aia
Mentawai: Oinan
Anak Dalam: Aek
Kerinci: Aye
Rejang: Bioa
Enggano: Be
Ogan: Ayakh
Lampung: Wai
Sasak: Aiq
Bima: Oi
Manggarai: Waé
Rote: Oe
Dayak: Danum
Banjar: Banyu
Tidung: Timug
Bugis: Wae
Makassar: Je'ne
Mandar: Way
Toraja: Wai
Wolio: Uwe
Tolaki: iwoi
Kaili: Ue
Gorontalo: Taluhe
Minahasa: Dano
Bugis: Wae and wai
Old Javanese : 'We' or 'weh'
Yeah in old Tagalog, suro (spelled soro in Spanish-era Tagalog dictionaries) is the word for small spoon (cuchara pequeña). Although nowadays we just often use kutsara.
Isn't it kutsarita then?
@@thisisgin16 Maybe it’s used for both, regardless of size. If you want to refer to ‘kutsarita’, you can use ‘sorong maliit’.
In Malay is sudu
@@2557carla Oh that makes sense, cognates. Better I start using soro form now on
@@thisisgin16 yes kutsarita if we're basing from the defintion in Noceda and Sanlucar's Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala. I forgot to mention in Laktaw's Diccionario Tagalog-Hispano, it is both "chucharada" (tablespoon) and "cuchara" (spoon).
Danau, another word for Lake in Malay most probably came from *DaNum also
Very informative. Apart from misotro, we, Malagasy also use the word "minono" [minunu] but rather in the context of sucking a liquid out of something, e.g: anaka minono amin-dreniny = A child that is breastfed from her mom
And in spoken language, we sometimes still use "ako" or "akony" too, mostly when the pronoun is after the verb. e.g: "Maty ako" = I'm dead
Mati aku = in malay
is anaka ako = my child ?
really similiar to anak aku
@@Maman-Setrum Yes it is! anak ako/zanako = my child. ☺️
Tagalog counterpart is "Namatay na Ako" or "Patay na Ako."
very informative video. thanks
Spoon in the Philippines is 'kutsara', but it's a borrowed word from the Spanish language, so you might be referring to 'sandok', the Tagalog word for ladle.
In archaic tagalog, spoon is called "suro"
Wow.. in Indonesian "sendok" means spoon
@@misskonaxia I think 'suro' has the same origin in Malay and Javanese language 'sudu' which means to scoop
malay in peninsula malaysia
sendok - ladle
sudu - spoon
and I'll just add this
pinggan - plate
piring - saucer
this is fascinating .. thank you for sharing
Aklanon speaker here, we say "palibanaw" more for "washing one's hands" and "banlaw" is also used to say "to rinse". Very interesting video btw!
If you go to Western Philippines like Palawan Islands and further down South to Sulu Archipelago you will find several words sounds/similar to Bahasa Malay.
To name a few:
Indigenous Palawan:
Benar(True)
Danum(Water)
Karaja(Work/Job)
Jama Mapun/Bajau Kegayan:
Buat/Buatan(Work/Job/Product)
Boheh(Water)
Air(Water for ablution)
Lanau(Stream)
Song(River)
Masi(Still)
Separti/Sepantun(As usual/Same as)
Jatah(Above)
Bau(Smell)
Lumah(House)
Nginum(Drink)
Aku(I)
Kau(You)
Manis(Sweet)
Badjuh(Clothes)
Awan(Sky)
Langit(Sky/Heaven)
Tuhan(God)
Karetah(Car)
Bañaw - to wash can also be traced to Spanish bañarse (baño - i wash myself). Probably this austronesian word iss also related to proto indo-european word
In the languages I speak, for water
Motu: Ranu
Balawaia: Nanu
Both generally refer to rivers, creeks as vai or wai depending on the dialect. Motu ‘drink’ is inu. Balawaia to drink is ginu (guttural sound for ‘g’).
Impressive video as always!
Pelelahuki: Ta numi eo awa. (I am drinking water.)
I think the original meaning of banyu or banaw is 'water that is not intended for drinking'. In Madurese language, the word 'bano' even means 'urine'.
The Old Javanese language did had word 'we' or 'weh' to describe water, but this word is mostly replaced by 'banyu'. There are remnants of 'we' or 'weh' in Javanese language such as 'wedhang' (hot beverage), riwe (tears), ngombe (drinking)
Here in the Philippines, banio or ban-yo means toilet. Interesting.
yeah, i think banyu or banaw is water for washing and cleaning, and that definitely should not be used for drinking.
Ngomwe
@@catayloprince4772 But that's from spanish baño.
Not related
@@Iaszund Disagree.
Banyo in Philippines means bathroom from Spanish baño
Very nice content as always, looking forward to learn about languages of Palau
very interesting. Lampung languages: nginom wai/way = minum air
Wow the word for "water" in Lampung language is similar to Polynesian language.
Regarding DANUM: it is probably the root word of MADALUM, the Hiligaynon (Ilonggo) word for deep. "MA" denotes "having a lot of"; so madalum is simply "having a lot of water". Water is mostly tubig, and, in some areas, tubi.
"Having a lot of water"----"Too big amount of water".Did you notice the pun?...TOO BIG and TUBIG...hehehe
@@rodenreyes6320 Good one! I cannot overlook the pun now.
"DALUM" is "DALAM" in malay.
@@romliahmadabdulnadzir1607Dalam bahasa Dusun perkataan"dalam" kitaorang panggil "aralom" (kawasan sungai yang airnya dalam)
In Sulawesi, Buginese and Mandarese, and some other tribes also use the word Wai for water.
This has been a very interested dive into the languages of Austronesia
Interesting video! I love it
Amazing videos, i consider myself as Lampung tribe. After watching some of your videos, Lampung language similar to Batak, Sundanese, Malaysia, Malagasy, Hawai, and Maori. Lampung is part of Sumatra island. I hope it can help you solve the puzzle. Amazing videos!!!
Im Cebuano and I havent heard of wahig as river. We use sapa (with glottal stop) for small rivers and suba (glottal stop) for big rivers.
In Cebuano,
I frequently/always drink water : Nagainom ko ug tubig (Naga for frequency)
I will drink water : Muinom/Mag-inom ko ug tubig (Mu/Mag for future; will)
I drank water : Nag-inom/Ning-inom ko ug tubig (Nag/Ning for past)
I can drink water : Makainom ko ug tubig (Maka for can)
Anyways, I appreciate the effort in making these contents.
Bay. We also have the word TUBIL.
@@catayloprince4772 yes, thank you for this. Since tubig (water) is the fuel of the human body, Tubil (fuel) is the "water" of engines, cars, machines, etc.
in tagalog,
lagi ako umiinom ng tubig. (lagi for often, frequent, always)
iinom ako ng tubig. (future tense, for water.)
mag-iinom ako. (future tense, for alcoholic drinks.)
uminom ako ng tubig. (past tense.)
nag-inom ako. (for alcoholic bev. singular.) nag-inuman kami. (same. plural. first person.)
maka in tagalog is, when you feel like doing it, or when it makes you do it. or when you are pro something.
@@esperanzacorazon9686 "mag-iinom ako","nag-inom ako" are not good Tagalog,they are bastardizations only,I think.
@@rodenreyes6320 It's not bastardization, they just lost the original word for drinking (alcohol) so they say mag-inom, mag-iinom, nag-iinom for drinking (alcohol), but when drinking any drinks they use the word umiinom, uminom, iinom.
The original tagalog for drinking alcohol is magbarek
Very interesting. Thanks for including ilokano, a language that seems to have maintained much of its austronesian origins (ex waig is stream or river). Maybe because the people are in northern Luzon which has the the first austronesians tribes of the philippines
21:05 I know this is unrelated, but I find it interesting to notice how the word "bagnare" in Italian sounds very similar and has a very similar meaning. It means "to bathe", "to get wet" or "to wash".