Primitive Technology: One-Way Blower Iron Smelt & Forging Experiment
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- Опубліковано 28 лют 2024
- Primitive Technology: One-Way Blower Iron Smelt & Forging Experiment
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About This Video:
I tested the one-way spinning blower in an iron smelt and it is more effective than the previous both way spinning blower. Using the same amount of ore and charcoal, the original blower yielded 30 g of iron where as the new blower yielded 51 g. The previous all time record was 41 g from several years ago but the new blower it beat that by 10 g on its first run. The energy saved by having the fan spin constantly in one direction no doubt contributes to the better performance of the blower. As with the old blower, the new one produces high carbon iron prills (cast iron blobs) in slag. The brittle slag crushes easily while the iron prills remain intact to be picked out by hand or gravity separated with panning. The iron prills were also quite large and more numerous than smelts done with the old blower.
Also in this video is a forging experiment. Using iron from previous smelts, a crude bar of iron was melted together into in a mold. The iron prills were placed in a clay mold, put into a forge and heated with charcoal using a flat nozzle tuyere. The process produced a 8cm long, 2.5cm wide bar. This bar was then heated to a red heat with wood for a while to anneal it, making it malleable in theory. However, when I tried to forge it, it crumbled apart. The waste iron was set aside in a pot for re-smelting so as not to lose it.
About Primitive Technology:
Primitive technology is a hobby where you build things in the wild completely from scratch using no modern tools or materials. These are the strict rules: If you want a fire, use a fire stick - An axe, pick up a stone and shape it - A hut, build one from trees, mud, rocks etc. The challenge is seeing how far you can go without utilizing modern technology. I do not live in the wild, but enjoy building shelter, tools, and more, only utilizing natural materials. To find specific videos, visit my playlist tab for building videos focused on pyrotechnology, shelter, weapons, food & agriculture, tools & machines, and weaving & fiber.
#PrimitiveTechnology #IronSmelt #Forging - Наука та технологія
The new blower produces more iron than the previous one. Using the same amount of ore and charcoal, a similar sized furnace and the same bloom processing method it makes 51g as opposed to 31 g of the previous design. The continuous blower is a big improvement over the intermittent spinning design (and this was only the first try). It's the most iron I've made in a single smelt yet.
The attempt to form a forgeable bar was disappointing although it was a better than expected casting. In the past I had successfully made forgeable iron by melting the prills in front of a blast rather than making a casting first. I will probably follow this method of decarburization rather than low temperature annealing in future.
The waste iron isn't lost however, I should be able to recycle it in future smelts as I've got a small pot of it. The waste iron from experiments could be re-smelted alone or added to future smelts to increase the yield.
İm waiting for
Why no lid on the mold when smelting?
🔹 google search: The Blast Furnace: 800 Years of Technology Improvement
PULLEY IS AWESOME!
Magnet or lodestone can help separate iron.
📍 Consider making a gearing mechanism or flywheel. 3-step gears? 1st gear to 2nd, to 3rd gear to increase fan rotations? Then a gravity drive to the first gear (water wheel or stones).
Gears, gear steps, LOG axle flywheel:
🔹 wooden cage gear + a peg gear. UA-cam search - Robert Murray-Smith peg gears
🔹 stone: Consider a basalt rotary quern-stone.
📍 log as axle creates greater stability (less wobble) and flywheel. Think of a gym bench press, but the weights at only one side. Two or three big plates with a few smaller/thin plates sandwiched between. These become different gear ratios and a flywheel. Lay across 3 or 4 sawhorses. Be sure to enclose or secure the empty side of the axel where your fan is located. Or integrate with the peg gears for different uses. Basically a waterwheel on land.
📍 Hydropower? Already made the water hammer. Perhaps the water isn’t regularly flowing? Attach the crank handle to a water wheel. You’ll probably want an air diverter to “shut off” the air more easily for blower control. I’ve been looking forward to more use of hydropower (blower, sawing, mixing, milling, drilling, da Vinci hammer, etc.).
Eventually you would be able to create an entire workshop based on hydropower. Clear the area near a stream/fall, flagstone or gravel floor, dry stack stone walls, and your brick for buildings. If water flow is inconsistent, perhaps build a reservoir and use the stored gravity potential of the water as your “battery” for when you need both working potential and as a drinking water resource. Extra water function for panning/sluicing, fine clay sediment separation, mashing fiber/pulp, etc.
How does the charcoal making method at the start of the video work? Do you not cover the top? I thought that you need to greatly reduce oxygen access.
Nice, Ive been wondering what would the first iron tool be, when made, would make forging all the other tools easier?
Jesus, with all this work for not even a single decent Iron tool yet, No wonder why it took so long for us to reach the iron age. Mad respect for all that dedication.
One of the problems is the source of iron, in the iron age the ore could be mined in huge quantities of very high purity iron (compared to picking a bunch of bacteria and trying to burn them away from the iron at least, also the bacteria is not a very efficient source even in terms of quantity)
It's also why some areas were heavily held back technologically, because there was no available source of iron ores for them to mine.
If there was copper there they could just bang it into tools, its one of the few naturally forming metals so people could just take chunks of natural copper to make stuff with before iron.
At this point I want to see him give up on iron and start making bronze.
He has a decently sharp cutting tool
I mean he is skipping a few ages and metals, they would bring their challenges but also some other tools useful for iron
The dramatic arc from "It crumbles" to "The iron can be recycled by adding it to future smelts" is phenomenal.
It's not like it can go bad
Just like all lifes failures, its necessary for building future success 🥹
"its so over" >> "we're so back"
What arc bro they were like 30 seconds apart lmao
It's not Owen......
I have a fair ammount of blacksmithing experience under my belt and forge welding different steel types together and I can't help but think that when you placed the iron balls into the clay form that using a form of flux to keep the oxygen off of the iron balls could help it keep from braking apart after you puddled it. Sand works as a decent flux because it will melt down I to a crude form of glass and even with extreme heat, won't allow the oxygen to it causing iron oxides that basically make a layer between the iron balls that will make it break apart when heated again. I have used plain old creek sand to forge steel together before and it worked just as good as Borax in my humble opinion.
Its the carbon monoxide from the incomplete combustion that is reactive enough to strip the oxygen from the iron oxides to convert the oxides into carbon dioxide and metallic iron. so I wonder if backing the iron away from the oxygen supply a lil and bathing it in super heated exhaust fumes might keep it cleaner too. I feel like we need a mentality shift away from is this enough are to ideas that ask is this too much air. Same rules apply to buying TVs
I completely agree about using a flux. And perhaps a mold that is more vertical like a finger hole in a ball of clay. This has the advantage of less air exposure and gravity would be working harder to push all balls together.
I would also add that high-carbon steel should be worked when it's yellow-to-white hot. Even modern high-carbon steels will get brittle and break if worked when only red hot. I got told off about that by my mentor when forging my first knife from tool steel.
Any kind of system to help automate / stabilise the air flow (water wheel / flywheel) would also give more leeway to move the iron in and out of the forge without the heat dying back too much.
Two ideas for a hotter fire--- 1) Insulate the firebox by adding a second wall 10cm away from the existing furnace wall. Fill the gap with loosely dropped in ash (not packed). 2) Preheat the air before it goes into the furnace (or into the blower). Maybe have a longer pipe going from the blower to the furnace and have a secondary fire under it to preheat it.
Best of luck, each video is super exciting!
These are some awesome ideas
Also making the furnace round might be better since the air will flow without slowing down bouncing off the walls.
Commenting to boost your suggestions
They sound quite feasible
JDewittDIY, Cold air burns better.
@@user-kw2rl8df2s We're talking about a fire, not an internal combustion engine where the volume of air is limited by the size of the cylinder. Cold air is denser, so it holds more oxygen, but I don't know if that would be a factor in this case. My thinking is that the cold air rushing in is cooling off the fire, and if you were to preheat the air you could get overall higher temps in the furnace. It would need to be tested though.
Oh man, that first "clink" of the iron when it came out of the mold made it all worth it, it's been amazing watching this journey!
@atari: I know, right??!!??!!
Brilliant sound of success!!!!!
👍👌👏 I instantly felt and thought exactly the same! Best regards, luck and health in particular.
That moment 19:47 when iron hits the rock and you know, you just know, this isn't a sound nature makes, this is the sound of civilization
🥲
I was like "Eeyyyyyyyy 🎉"
Is there a "hell yeah" emoji that I could add?
I thought the exact same thing when I heard it
Realest
The best part of every video is watching him start a friction fire with just his hands in under 30 sec. I’ve timed it, incredible and under appreciated. 🔥
Some notes: more "modern" (meaning medieval) bloomeries were built a lot higher and torn down, while still hot. The bloom was then taken out of the bloomery while still hot and immediately compacted, so that the slag was driven out and an ingot was formed. Also during the smelting (although you don't really reach high enough temperatures to turn the iron liquid) the slag was allowed to flow out through holes on the base. That is why in German this type of furnace is called Rennofen (rennen/rinnen - Ofen = flowing - kiln/furnace). I would try to purify the ore a bit more (so no ash) and to seperate the slag from the iron during the smelting.
Good luck experimenting further.
Also one more thing: during a visit in Spain I was able to see a iberic smeltery where they also siffed through sand and water to seperate small ironore particles out, which they then smelted down in bloomeries.
Do you remember the name of the smeltery?
Massive respect for all the unknown inventors of humanity, that developed many tools and methods before they could be eternized in books, stones or statues.
I always dream of traveling in time to meet these crafters of old and see how they developed all those basic things that today we take for granted.
@@SRNVIogsHow about no Scott!
@@SRNVIogs Go away, bot.
THIS IS UKRAINE🐷
@@youduntknowmyname In a semi related way I'm a big car fan and I always wonder what the founder of the various car makers we have today (Ferrari, Lamborghini, Peugeot, etc...) would say if they saw the cars their companies make today.
My heart when it shattered 😭For a golden moment, he had the best looking ingot he's made yet. But alas, success is not monumental, it's incremental! Godspeed, mud man.
Guna start saying "godspeed, mud man" to the homies
@@mushyfooproductions me too gang
It crumbles :(
there is always progress to be made and he will keep going
it's not incremental. it'll be good if it is.
it's cyclical, with few steps forward and few steps back. it's a real struggle
I subscribed to this channel six years ago when he was in the stone age and now he's in the iron age. He's going pretty fast.
😂❤
Yep. I expect him to manufacture silicium wafers by 2028. 🙂
Don't be surprised if in two years or so he will start operating a computer
You know you’re watching quality content when you don’t want it to end. Best channel on UA-cam, hands down.
I will never tire of the unedited one-shot of him making fire by primitive means with such efficiency. Everyone else I see try to do something similar has to use a cut because it takes them so long.
He made all sorts of tools to make it faster and easier, but by the time he had them he was just too good with the basic method, so no point.
And here I thought our ancestors (with way MORE practice than him) would be impressed with matches.
Either that or the cut hides a cheat like them using a lighter.
How about using running water to keep the blower spinning?
Could channel the water like the water hammer video.
@@shanepye7078it is possible, but for the amount of air volume necessary for the fire, you will need more rpm for the fan which makes it impractical anyway. He already remarked that pulleys will make it more efficient though.
It's a work of art
I appreciate that nothing he makes is so precious to him that he's not willing to break it and try again. After taking so much time to get that much iron, trying to forge it seems like a big next step.
I think if something took that much work I wouldn't want to break it. But he builds and rebuilds forged trying to make them better.
Reminds me of when I learned to make nails from my smithing teacher. He made a batch for some restoration folks. While they chatted, I used the forge to make a couple nails and gave them the only good one I managed. They asked me,
"Don't you want to keep your first nail?"
I replied,
"Nah. I'd prefer it get used as a nail."
Well what else is he gonna do with it? The whole purpose of that hunk of metal is to make a tool out of it, and if it breaks, he can try again as the material is not lost.
My dad and I have been watching your videos for years and have been excited for you to attempt forging the iron you have been collecting. This channel has been a highlight of UA-cam for years. Thank you for continuing on and sharing your journey with us! It’s been amazing to watch unfold. ❤
As a metallurgy student this is really impressive.
The blower has come a long way since your initial attempts.
2 improvements I could think of would be adding a flywheel to the axle and using the rope for a pulley drive with a crank handle.
As an alternative you could also try Japanese style box bellows. Basically just a big square piston pump.
For the smelt itself:
the single biggest leap was hot blast. Basically just preheat the fresh air before putting it in the furnace. Ideally the preheat would be done by burning the exhaust gasses in a regenerative heat exchanger. For your stone age setup, you could simply run a clay pipe through a second fire between the blower and furnace.
In ferrous metallurgy there is relatively little headroom temperature wise so even a few 100 °C of preheat should give you a significant improvement both in ore reduction and remelting.
For your blast furnace you could also try adding a little limestone (snail houses/ egg shells) as flux.
In principle all these processes benefit from upscaling but I doubt you want to do that.
"How can we improve the smelting process?"
"How about a fire?"
"We've already had one"
"We've had one, yes.. But what about a second fire?"
@@DasSmach "Don't think he knows about second fire, Pip."
Depending on location a trompe could be ideal but would be a fairly large construction project on its own.
Since the double-hand rope pull experiment proved successful, pulleys are the logical next step for blower design. Wood or clay wheels would allow differential, probably with a double hand pull to start. After that, a driving rod connected to a pedal would free up the hands to add charcoal/ore while keeping the fire hot.
Pre heating the air would be huge
I'm not a metallurgy or mechanics of materials engineer by any means but i have studied it in classes associated with those subjects while getting a degree in mechanical engineering. These videos are a blast to watch and he's on the right track to making a forgeable iron if that's his goal. He's basically made pig iron which has a pretty high carbon content of typically around 4%. Carbon serves two purposes in this application. It allows the metal to reach a higher temperature for refining (which is how he was even able to get a solid bar of iron in a freaking charcoal furnace to begin with) but it doesn't allow the pig iron to be ductile and malleable for forging. The other issue with pig iron is it has a crap ton of impurities in it which are also messing with the composition of the iron being forgeable. Now if he is trying to forge this iron, he doesn't want a high carbon content and he wants the least amount of impurities as possible because what will happen is when he goes to hit it (to shape and form the iron bar), it will just crack and break. Which is exactly what happens in the video. He needs to essentially lower the carbon content of his iron that he has created and remove as many impurities as possible. This is where things get a little tricky. There are some pretty extensive and time consuming processes for lowering the carbon content so that might not be his next step. I think he needs to go through a purifying process. Without going too crazy into the material science and mechanics of materials aspect of things, i would say his best bet is to use a flux to help remove impurities. The impurities form slag that can then be removed from the iron that will become somewhat more "pure" then before. Getting the iron to a higher temperature (melting point is ideal) the flux will more easily remove impurities versus a white hot bar. shells are honestly not a very good flux material because of their chemical composition which is consistent in what he has seen in previous videos. But limestone (aka nature's "chalk") is actually kind of a perfect flux in this application for pig iron if he's trying to stay consistent with only what's in nature. The specific chemical composition of calcium carbonate (limestone) can be used in refining pig iron and extracting the impurities from the iron itself. I think if he is capable of getting his hands on limestone (which i don't see why not, its a pretty common sedimentary rock) and somehow getting his furnace hot enough to actually melt the iron (rerouting hot air possibly?) and maintain the heat, I think he can refine the iron to become more forgeable. Ideally if he had a larger crucible and more iron, with the flux, physically scooping out the slag (or impurities) that float to the top would be his best bet. But i don't know how feasible it would be to skim the top with the setup he has. I think coating the iron bar with crushed up limestone(as fine as he could possibly get it) and then letting it cool down to extract the slag and repeating the process maybe a couple of times could get the results he's looking for? The problem is, if the iron isn't molten the limestone could produce poor results. The idea is to get that limestone as incorporated as possible into the iron itself so it can react with and separate those impurities in the iron. Maybe instead of covering a bar with limestone, make a crucible that can increase the surface area so the limestone can be incorporated as homogenously as possible? I'm thinking a really thin iron plate? Maybe the bar is totally fine? Even agitating limestone into a semi-molten iron with a ceramic rod could be enough to get the results of processing the pig iron? Just a thought. Let me know what you all think?
Limestone is definitely probably the ticket here if the temperature can be increased enough. I hope you have limestone available to crush and add.
@@BigBaddaBoom From memory there wasn't any limestone available in that area - which is why he used snail shells to make a cement in the building videos.
Can you summarize
The best video I've seen for the next step would be from FZ - making knives. ua-cam.com/video/wTKtth2oVlw/v-deo.html
the principle of creating a container which you do the chemistry in is surely the next step. If everything fully liquidises in the vessel then the metal and slag will separate into two parts and the flux will draw out the carbon and other impurities. Once cooled it can be broken off the top of the iron pellet formed.
this is not cast iron. This iron is brittle not from carbon but from slag
I started watching this channel when I was a young teen, to this day, I still find this content extremely interesting. I'm extremely happy to have seen all of your progress throughout the years, and I can say you've honestly come a long way! Thank you for providing this very educational content! It is very interesting to watch and learn about more primitive methods. I can't wait to see your next video, and I hope you have a great journey going forward!
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I hope this channel continues through the ages. I hope to eventually see him create his own electrical system. It would be really cool for follow it that long.
It's so strange (from our perspective) to know today that it took hundreds, if not thousands of years to create these iron tools because we have them in abundance nowadays. That's why I love these uploads. They remind you of how much effort it took to get to where we are today. We should never forget that. So thank you for your contribution!
THIS IS UKRAINE🐷
We can see why it took so long to move past bronze tools. Those are relatively easy to make, but working with iron is way more difficult. So in spite of copper and tin being more difficult to source, it was very widely used. Only when the vast trading networks collapsed did they really start looking into using iron.
Yeah. A lot of people use the word "caveman" or other similar concepts, to call people dumb. But I guarantee if you put most people out in the wild without any modern tech, they'd be absolutely helpless. Working with so much less information and still being able to have food, water, shelter, and time to experiment means you have to be pretty smart, crafty, etc. Sure, we've learned how to distribute information in a much better fashion now, and sure we've mastered a number of materials. But all of that is built on hundreds if not thousands of years of humans fighting to survive harsher conditions, while figuring all of it out and slowly bending nature to our wills. Its pretty crazy to think there's a genuine path from what happens on this channel, to what we have today.
It just takes one clever man.
plus he doesn't have iron ore mine near him
The thing I love about this guy is the way he takes a scientific approach to primitive technologies. He uses modern experimental methods to test ancient engineering techniques; always interesting to watch.
I mean, he's using the very definition of experimental archaeology and that's what I love, as an aspiring archaeologist.
I love it as well. Especially because it really shows off the fact that this is exactly how our ancient ancestors found out about things. Just drawing conclusions and testing stuff. Seeing what worked.
@@solofdragons6446Never really thought that this channel could be considered to in a way be about archaeology
Makes me kinda misty eyed thinking about it sometimes when I watch his videos. It's like looking through a portal at our neolithic ancestors. They ran so we could relax.
I liked your water hammer video, I wonder if the same movement could be attached to the blower fan?
One reason I'm in love with this channel is the respect and reverence he puts into his work.
It never ceases to amaze me how fast he does the hand drill fires. Like normal men could try for hours and still not get it, yet he does it in 30 seconds in real time for us. Every single video.
I find it simply unbelievable that you've been delivering all this content in such quality for years. What I find even more incredible is the fact that despite having 11 million subscribers, you don't incorporate any advertising for a sponsor. I believe you are not only a rarity among UA-camrs but the only one!
Luckily for us advertising is very modern so it's some time until the channel catches up to that 😉....a lot more smelting until we create the printing press
he took like 5 years off not that long ago. Didn't say a word, just noped out for half a decade leaving everyone wondering wtf happened to him. Then he randomly came back and just makes the same 3 things over and over.
Which brand should partner with him 😂
@@MakinMoneyISeasyyou took the words right out of my mouth.
I watched him when he just posted few videos about making a hut. UA-cam was so genuine at that time. This channel is the 1st channel which i followed. I believe this channel is the original idea for all primitive-tech contents.
The hiatus was so long and left its followers confusing.
@@MakinMoneyISeasy As I understand that the time away was working on potential TV deal which I am assuming did not pan out and contracts had to conclude for his return. If you really wondered where he went a google search is what it took me to reach that information. NDA's suck but they are a part of doing business. As far as doing the same 3 things over and over progress takes time it is clear there is a goal he is reaching towards which means trying more than one way to achieve that goal to find the one that actually succeeds. I understand in a lot of todays audience failing to achieve you goal probably isnt worth the video but failing is a part of progress just because you see something at the end doesnt mean it was the thing he was to achieve. Personally I have a great respect for creators who put out a failed attempt because very humbling to admit you can not achieve a goal you want to and at the same time to return to the process and show that improvement is encouraging to everyone else in the same position.
Loved the “trying viewer suggestions” segment of the video! We appreciate your interaction with your audience in the form of subtitles and comments. You’re an awesome person!
Next step, hook the blower up to a water wheel.
Yes! I also want to see a spinning wheel style approach, perhaps in combination with water power.
@@zachh5812 he has addressed suggestions like these in the past. You saw the "running water" he has access to in this video where he obtained the iron bacteria. It's simply not enough volume and flow to effectively harness.
I first watch it with captions off, so after recognizing the first two suggestions from the comments I thought holy crap, who came up with that loop thing? It's amazing...
Of course he did 😅
@@robertherd9921 a treadle would be an amazing addition, but it needs a good solid flywheel to keep momentum
I think it's amazing that you post the good and the bad together. In your earlier videos I thought you were showing or telling me a story, now I feel like we're on a discovery quest together. Please keep it up!
I confess I was very happy and surprised to see that you read your followers suggestions and put the best ones into practice.
Seeing that bar of iron, after all the work I've seen go into it over the years, is one of the most satisfying things I've ever seen.
that bar was just from this videos ore produktion no?
@rns6846I thought that was his whole cache. Every bloom, most of 'em anyway, seems to only produce a few pearl-sized chunks of real iron. Could be wrong.
I am a blacksmith/farrier, and the best advice I can give is to close the casting mould. So no charcoal, slag and excess oxigen can get trough to the iron. I don't know about most of the other stuff, but I know that iron and steel hate open atmospheres when melting. Maybe a good place for research would be old crucible steel, I'm sure that could be recreated in a smaller scale.
He's using a primitive blast furnace which should give him some form of pig iron. Excess oxygen is actually good in this case, I think, because it would decarburize the pig iron into wrought iron.
That's what I was thinking - a crucible and I'm anything but a blacksmith,
I'm not a blacksmith or anything to do with ironworking, but that was my first thought seeing it too, that piling the charcoal atop the mould just means the iron is going to absord way too much carbon.
I'm definitely no blacksmith, but shouldn't he be able to make some sort of ceramic or stone, etc crucible capable of withstanding higher temperatures and then melt the iron inside the crucible to do what you said?
i was wondering why he didnt cover it up, he spent time separating iron from slag then added it right back basically in the same step
I enjoy seeing the whole fire making process in real time. It's really impressive how fast you've gotten it!
These are the kind of videos I've been looking forward to, entering the iron age and metallurgy are huge steps I've been watching for years to get too this point I can't wait to see what you'll make of it
Eight years on, and still one of the very best things on UA-cam. The whole thing of you continually improving the process and refining the iron is fascinating. Thanks.
Don't take the final result as a failure. This process taught a lot of things, and identified an issue. That's the point to all of this -- running experiments, seeing what the issue is, and then finding ways to eliminate those issues. It takes time, and that's fine. This is just so wonderful to see.
I'm kind growing tired of watching him make iron crumbs, tho.
@@wck I personally am not, I love this iron age, and inbetween he still does other projects. The iron crumbs being turned into his first real tool will be an amazing moment.
@@TheAmishTurtle he did actually make a crude cast iron knife a while back. he has been using it to drill holes in wood; the new blower design has the posts with the holes that were made with that knife.
@@SRNVIogs that is so false
@@wck Don't watch then...
The fact you tested our ideas out is awesome! Thank you
I absolutely love seeing metalworking using old techniques like this. Keep up the good work, and thanks for the upload!
23 minutes of complete relaxation after work is exactly what I needed. Love the content, glad you’re back to uploading!
And you will seek Me and find Me when you search for Me with all your heart. - Jeremiah 29:13
“For God so loved the world, that He gave His only Son, so that everyone who believes in Him will not perish, but have eternal life. - John 3:16
Repent therefore, and turn back, that your sins may be blotted out.
-Acts 3:19
If you’re in North America, please go check out any of the churches available to you: PCA, OPC, Rpcna/Rpc, Urcna, or a canrc church.
(These are conservative and actual Presbyterian churches)
If you can’t find one of the conservative presby churches then, maybe a Lcms Lutheran church.
If you are Scottish, I recommend the Free Church of Scotland and the APC.
(Different from the Church of Scotland)
If you’re English I recommend the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in England & Wales and the Free Church of England
(Different from the Church of England)
Also online you can look up church finders for each of the groups, it will show you locations
@SRNVIogs🐪
Friendly reminder to everyone to turn captions on since he takes the time to explain everything he’s doing 🤗
Damn, forgot that again!
At this point I might as well rewatch all his videos with captions.
OH! That's super nice actually!
Oh! Thank you for that! I was super confused!
Proof?
I hear you; but now I know ... I can't unknow. And I want to unknow and just watch the empty silence of his skill and expertise. *sigh*
It is mind boggling how much the blower design improved the yield! Amazing episode, as always!
Glad we got some forging in this episode, even if it was unsuccessful. We've seen quite a bit of what comes before, so I'm always excited to see how the next step is coming along.
It's good you show things, that did not quite work as you wanted. The honesty of your work, is one of the things that we all come back for.
THIS IS UKRAINE🐷
Genuinely the only channel I have that notification bell on.
Me too
Me too
@@SRNVIogs shut up
THIS IS UKRAINE🐷
I've been subscribed for a few years now I realise! Dear lord!
You always impress me and I'm very glad to have discovered this channel back then. I'm a fan of primitive times since childhood and your channel is very dear to me because of that. Thank you for all your work! This must be truly tough sometimes!
Very glad I've been following you long enough to see you go from Stone age to Iron age hahaha!
No other primitive tech channel comes close to the content and effort you put in. Getting so close to forgeable iron!
Fantastic Simplicity! And... the Carbon Monoxide gas is what yanks the last Oxygen off of your iron... but those Oxygens need a strongly reducing atmosphere, and TIME - so... if you make a TALLER chimney, then you should have a longer residence-time, and thus, higher yields. I would love to see the labor and input -> output rates for each of your techniques!
THIS IS UKRAINE🐷
This guy smelts.
@@duboshlt8646No, it’s Australia.
I’m looking at the cutlery in my kitchen in absolute awe. I’d never take metal for granted ever again.
THIS IS UKRAINE🐷
You're not wrong, but he's using a very low-grade ore source. If he actually dug bits out of a hematite vein, he'd get a lot more.
@@GoblinKnightLeohow long would he need to dig though.
@@someartist7278 Before or after hitting the vein? Because even low-grade ore is still going to be leagues better than the iron bacteria.
Love your content. Been watching since you first started. Original, authentic and hard working. You deserve all your success.
This next chapter is fixing to be AWESOME
That single bar of iron feels so damn good to see. You've come far my dude. Can't wait to see it worked into something usable.
I’ve been keeping up with this journey as far back as when I was in school so many years ago. Seeing the progress and making it further towards iron technology is nothing short of incredible. Well done!
Same. I discovered Primitive Technology back in 2017 when I was in high school. Seven years ago, huh…
Im 26, and yet im still get excited in this. Thank you Primitive tech! For hearing my request. Though if i may suggest i want to learn more also how to make a crucible out of nothing.
Tank you so much for continuing your amazing job, showing for us how it is possible live in wilderness and flourishing with yours abbilities and knowlodge.
14:24 "weighed with a modern scale for the sake of scientific accuracy", love PT's humor 😂
Filmed with a modern camera. :)
Not too far in the future, "Primitive Technology: High Accuracy Scale"
Jonh's ability to casually put his hands into the fire will never cease to amaze me !
Tolerance, mud and calluses lol
I've done some blacksmithing work. It's actually not as hard as it seems even for a beginner; until the fire has a lot of fuel and a lot of oxygen, of an amount sufficient to get steel bright-hot for forging, you can get rather close to it without burning yourself as long as you don't linger there for long.
seeing you try and fail in consolidating is much more satisfying than watching fake forging and swimming pool primitive videos combined. Good work keep it up
Surely one of the best UA-cam channels ever made
a suggestion. in the end when you tried to smelt a bar of Iron in an open mold. i would advise to close the mold and then put it in the fire. this way you get less oxidation and by putting small amounts of charcoal you can controll the carbonization of the Iron. more over this way if you heat the bar to a highrt temprature it will most likly come out smoother and more solid. if you have accees to a flux like tree resin which is crude but works to this day you can create a lower melting point and cleaner product.
on a side note ive been watching this chanel since I was a little kid. i am now in college and Im happy my studies my be of assistance.
hope this helps and good luck!
The prills will already have a high carbon content, you don't want to add more in the crucible. If anything he wants to reduce the carbon to make forgeable steel.
How about flux from lime? He did manage to make some quicklime (I think) from snail shells in one episode.
This channel is only 8 years old so you're being very liberal with either the "little kid" description or the college description.
@@Matt_Alaric lots of ppl go to college at 18-19 years old…
@@Matt_Alaric I feel like 10 definitely counts as a kid. That's 6th grade.
Insane. Those are the biggest prills we've seen yet. I'm super excited to see the process refined to make more tools.
It's really cool to see how each improvement to the desing of the furnace and the blower results in more and more iron.
Thank you for providing such a wonderful experience
20:13. That came from orange swamp sludge. How crazy man lmao that's so awesome. you're a legend.
No captions?! Is this the price of viewing 41s after publishing? Woe is me
edit: hurray!
I have captions available
You just get to watch it twice.
That's crazy. I've been watching these videos for years and didn't realize there were captions available. I just learned to work out what was happening (or learned to accept that I didn't know). THIS CHANGES EVERYTHING!! 😂🤣😂
I enjoy watching it twice. The first time I watch for the viewing and try to figure out what he is doing. The second time I watch with the captions and understanding what is going on.
Night hawks here!!!
So much respect for what you do man. all the support you get from here is well earned
Thank you for making these videos…it is so cool to see what can be done with ingenuity and determination.
Man, the first time you make a good tool out of wrought iron that you forged yourself, is going to be epic! Keep it up man!
It never ceases to amaze me how much the invention of pottery helped propel human technological invention forward.
the value of a container should never be underestimated.
most of our technology is based on how we can contain it.
think about anything in your house that needs to “hold” something.
Hello, Mr. Plant.
He became interested after seeing the video, and due to the coronavirus pandemic, he started a hobby of going out into nature, building bonfires, and pitching tents for camping. There were many factors, but your influence was huge. I'm thinking of starting a fire with a hand drill.
This is a very precious and luxurious time for me.
Your videos have brought richness to my life.
thank you primitive technology channel.
i was honestly worried you'd be losing that iron from your experiments there. huge amount of relief with the last caption!
just brought food and refreshed UA-cam.. Uploaded 1 minute ago, what a treat!
ate all my food before i got a notification ring. ahhhhh 😢
Finished eating, cleaned up and sat down to relax. Better than my home made brownie for desert. 😅
Probably an under rated thing about this channel is the details of what he is doing in the description. its a way of telling how something is done in detail without talking, honestly pretty cool
this is honestly the content i live for, thank you for making these videos, you inspire me
I'm still super excited to watch your uploads after all the years being subscribed to your channel. I'm so excited to the fact that from getting higher iron prill yields, the next problem now is to consolidate the iron and make it malleable for forging.
I'm sorry you have to spend so much of your time proving you're actually doing it. Thank you for all the years you've been doing this.
It is interesting to note the fall off of detractors who make complaints that he has a video camera and therefore he’s not authentic. How’s the irony.
I really liked the pulley idea. It looked very efficient. Something I have seen some guys do on another channel to power a pedal operated wood lathe was to have a long(ish) board as a pedal to power the rotation and a rope attached to a sapling to provide the return stroke and raise the board.
The real game changer would be water driven mechanisms, but that would also take a lot of work and maintenance, as well as likely specialized tools and skills.
one of my favorite channels. Thank you for great content
It makes my day when I see one of these videos
@SRNVIogs thats what i thought :D
Congratulations on the new record smelt! Been watching your videos for years. It's so good to have you back!
Absolutely amazing as always John
Finally ... the first ingot ... many more to come ... 🎉🎉🎉🎉
There is something very instinctively pleasing in your videos. Something about the act of working materials with your own hands, of experiencing the natural world. It's hard to fully articulate, but it feels like it scratches an itch. Like, playing around in the dirt and with sticks, is how things are supposed to be. Some primitive part of my brain is saying, "Yes, that's how it's done."
I don't have the plans but a nice idea would be a water powered fan design. You have already made one prototype in a water stream. Would be fun to see if you could develop it further. Always a "yesss" feeling when your videos come out. Keep up the good work 🎉
It's comforting to know that if society ever fails, some of us can always go back to manual mode.
awe dude when it crumbled that sucks I know you made cast iron from the way it reacted but you made it and thats two thrids of the fight so well done. Considering what youre using you did a better job than most do with electric fans and the rest ...
I'm impressed ...from bacteria to cast iron bar/nuggets
very cool
A rope connected to a big wheel and wrapped around the stick could make for impressive crank wheel blower setup, but it may be more work than it is worth. Amazing tech development. You are becoming a metallurgist, inventor, primitive tech guru, and soon to be a blacksmith too!
Spinning the rotor too fast is likely to have it come apart, in it's current design anyway. Maybe a more stick based blade versus leaves, but I concur, spin it 2-3:1 to increase heat and yield further, hope nothing breaks. :)
I always forget to turn on closed captions with your videos. But it’s such a treat when I remember! Love the way you lay everything out! Keep it up
That was a big yield! That’s exciting! I think it’s really cool that this channel has kind of a goal now- iron tools. I know it’s incredibly difficult, but watching the progress of it is really enjoyable.
I love your videos, the best survival and crafting from nothing channel i see so far. About your blower, you could make a flywheel, so it could spin with its momentum when you have to put charcoal on the forge, and give you a brake here and there. Besides, amazing work, thank you for all your effort
Here so fast there are no subtitles yet. Wow.
They're here now!
I like being here in the first few minutes of his posts and just watching the numbers climb
@@SRNVIogs agreed, just a fantastic channel of no BS and actual intellectual growth
I learned a lot from you. God bless you.
Really happy for another video!
About the blower, I wonder if it would make sense to make it bigger somehow. Thicker axel is more stable, so you can use bigger blades, and longer rope for harnessing larger muscles.
Maybe a journey into more advanced woodworking would be beneficial here
No subtitles today???
I was about to say! What is he saying?! ;_;
@@MulakuluHe's saying what we're all thinking!
Video has been up for 43 seconds lmao wtf ofc it doesnt
My question as well. These videos are about the only UA-cam videos I turn them on for so it has become habit
Give it a minute
Your videos are great. They always put me in awe of our ancestors who figured out this technology oh so many millenia ago
I cannot wait to see you get a proper ingot together, it'll be so satisfying to see you finally achieve iron age tools, I'm so excited
Fact that someone 10s or 100s of thousands of years ago have to somehow figure out how to do this without any prior knowledge of it is absolutely mind blowing! 🤯🤯🤯
That is amazing. They had the exact same intelligence, couldn’t write things down but persevered. Mind you iron was the last of the great breakthroughs and rich land owners provided the infrastructure to enable it. Hunter gatherers or subsistence farmers did not have the time to sit down and experiment like this for half their lives. Copper was easier, adding tin to it was pretty smart and so we had bronze. They must have known that adding various metals gave usable results.
7:57 I can feel the pride in this shot (it's a good thing!)
Incredible yield, this is exciting to see things progress
Modern Blacksmith here, who has an interest in historical techniques. Have you considered consolidating all your iron in a crucible smelt? All the prills/broken pieces go into a fired clay cylindrical vessel, with a little charcoal powder to help maintain a bit of carbon in the steel, and the remaining space filled with a flux. Borax would be ideal, but if you don't have access to that naturally, straw ash can be used. I imagine wood ash would work as well. The crucible should then be sealed completely with a fired lid to prevent oxygen ingress. Your one-way blower ought to be able to get it hot enough. Haven't tried it myself, but I magine you might want to orient it with the iron on top, such that when everything melts, it falls down through the molten flux? I'm hypothesizing here, but it seems that you're not having much luck with these open-topped bar molds, so it's worth a shot at least.
If he's consolidating iron prills into a bar, that's a MELT, not a smelt. His prills are already high-carbon, they don't need any more carbon, they need to be decarburized with oxygen.
Of course, the real problem is that he's getting high-carbon prills in the first place, when he should be getting a low-carbon bloom that he can forge. Trying to make high-carbon cast iron and then decarburizing it is harder than just managing the furnace chemistry/timing to get low-carbon iron in the first place.
The flux will take a lot of the carbon out of the iron as it all melts. The charcoal is there to help maintain some of it, which you do want. As for what ratio of flux to charcoal to use, that would require experimentation as I totally admit that I don't know. Also I called it a smelt because the crucible step is part of the smelting process, like a second stage to the initial bloom step. So basically the cast iron prills are treated as processed ore rather than as a final product in and of themselves, but that's all pretty semantic anyway.@@bhartley1024
@@ferric6796 Hmm, I can't say if you are right or not, I've never heard of flux decarburizing iron-carbon alloys, but I suppose it would depend on the chemicals used for the flux. If the flux contained iron oxide, I suppose that oxygen could react with the dissolved carbon to decarburize the melt.
I think semantics are pretty important, especially when talking about technical processes. Smelting is the name for the process of going from ore to metal. Iron ore is iron oxides and hydroxides typically. They have to be chemically reduced to separate out the elemental iron. I would not classify the iron prills as ore because they are a solution of elemental iron and impurities. The prills could be used as-is to make cast iron items, or they could be used a feedstock in a refining process to make forgeable bar iron.
Love to see it, keep up the good work Sir!