The History of Mongolia (1911-2020)
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- Опубліковано 10 лип 2024
- The history of Mongolia from its independence from China in 1911 to the present day.
Dates are year.month.day.
0:00 Intro
0:10 Mongolian Revolution of 1911-1912
0:47 Mongolian-Chinese Conflict in Southern Mongolia
1:07 Mongolia Autonomous Within China
1:33 Chinese Occupation
2:02 Mongolia Under Sternberg
2:30 Soviet Mongolia
5:12 Independent Mongolia
5:27 Outro
My history teacher once said
That the mongols successfully pushed into Inner Mongolia so much so that some parts of front reached the Great wall. I, ofcourse didnt believe him, I mean this was Mongolia in the 20th century after countless years of Occupation I thought this was some blurred rumor. But after searches on the Net prooved nothing This video certainly does.
I thank you for providing this. The video really helped to show never doubt Teachers and Historians.
The Qianlong Emperor's Direct Orders (From link of your wiki).
"""""Show no mercy at all to these rebels. Only the old and weak should be saved. Our previous military campaigns were too lenient. If we act as before, our troops will withdraw, and further trouble will occur.
If a rebel is captured and his followers wish to surrender, he must personally come to the garrison, prostrate himself before the commander, and request surrender. If he only send someone to request submission, it is undoubtedly a trick. Tell Tsengünjav to massacre these crafty Zunghars. Do not believe what they say. """""
Haha who is "Tsengunjav" ? Haha he is East Mongolian man ! Main warlord of Manchu+East Mongolian Qing dynasty. During the Dzungar and Manchu+East Mongolian Qing war of last, Qing army 3/4 were east Mongols.ua-cam.com/users/redirect?redir_token=lh-BQH0wYl1ARuxkdHTR3B6mnQ98MTU4MDYyNzMyM0AxNTgwNTQwOTIz&q=https%3A%2F%2Fen.m.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDzungar_genocide&stzid=UgzT7bVGwhyDliLk4WJ4AaABAg.8uY2kt2E6q894UUVeq_1l9&event=comments
Since the ancient times, (our ancestor huns) border between china and mongolia was always between great wall
Mate search 5 замын байлдаан
Strong Like i swear the internet teaches more than school
Well its called inner Mongolia for a reason you know 😒😒😒
The amount of details you put in every possible video are breathtaking. You and Emperor Tigerstar are, without a doubt, the best mappers ever, maybe even you are slightly better ;)
He's way better than ETS. ETS' stuff was cutting-edge back in 2015, but no more.
Looks really nice! I also liked the detail with surrounding warlords. It would also be nice to see the history of the mongol empire in the future videos of your channel.
Well researched! Thank you not many people even know about Mongolia
Man, I love these videos
Thanks you for this video!
Mongolia has had such a turbulent history in the last century
Micahistory 2 Most countries with the chaos of the early 20th century were and in that regard Mongolia shares many parallels with Eastern Europe particularly Hungary
@@turmunhkganba1705 exactly
I mean, that happened to everybody... “World” wars remember?
Mongolians was trying to gain inderpendence 50 years
@@enkhsaihanshinegerel1391 yes
First time that I watched your video 26 minutes after being published.
Yeehaw
Pretty honest and reliable mapping in comparison to other chinese guys done. Good job.
A lot of websites show us a general view of the countries' history. But this is one of y favorite channels because it details every movement in every month and year. Thank you for bringing us that details. You go by a good way. 👍👍👍👍👍
Thank you!
I second that.
Great work!
Great job!
Good clip. There are very few that deals with the border changes of Mongolia.
The Qing had originally been semi-nomadic Manchus so they had great cultural synergy with the Mongols and were able to expertly govern Mongolia and manipulate it into pacifism in a way that no other Chinese dynasty was able to do. They created something called the "Banner system" which lasted from the 1600s-1902. Under the Banner system, the movement of Mongolian people was restricted to within their specific banners and their nomadic, Mongolian lifestyle was preserved such that they could be called upon in times of war as expert Calvary soldiers. Han Chinese were forbidden from permanently settling in Mongolia and trying to spread their culture to the Mongols.
The Banner system applied to both Inner and Other Mongolia but it was more effective in Other Mongolia as many Chinese began to illegally cultivate the border regions of Inner Mongolia.
By 1902, the Qing dynasty, after defeat in the first Sino-Japanese war (1895) and Boxer Rebellion (1900) the Qing dynasty sought to reform. This was collectively called the "New Administration" and one part of it was that Calvary was to be phased out of the military. But the big difference for the Mongols was that the restrictions on Chinese settlement of Mongolia was to be lifted. Instead, Han Chinese were encouraged to settle in Mongolia.
The primary reason for this change was the threat of Russia to the North. Russia had been gobbling up nomadic Khanates left and right on their march to the Pacific Ocean. They had a strict policy of heavy Christianization and after a 1853 decree they had a strong policy of Russification. With the Russian ethnicity expanding east, the Chinese feared that Mongolia would be swallowed up and Russified just like their cousins in Buryatia had. Buryat opposition to Russian imperialism was fierce east of Lake Baikal after 1853 and especially around 1900-1910. Today, Buryats make up around 30% of Buryatia but that does not include the formerly Buryat areas west of Lake Baikal which were much closer to Moscow's control and easier to settle by Russian settlers.
Mongolian intellectuals had been planning for independence before the waves of Chinese settlers that came after 1902. In 1895 and 1900 after Chinese defeats in the First Sino-Japanese war and the Boxer Rebellion, the Khalka Mongols sent a delegation to Moscow asking them to recognize Mongolian independence. They were rejected both times but a delegation in 1911 found favor with the Tsar.
The justification for Mongolian independence was morally justified based on the centuries of precedent in steppe politics. Mongols would rally around a central, charismatic leader when he was victorious. But if he suffered a defeat or died then they would defect. The Qing dyansty had been defeated in 2 wars in the last 20 years and they were being overthrown. It did not help matters that by 1911, any sense of Manchusness had been totally eradicated in the Qing dyansty which had slowly sinicized over the years.
This new Mongolian state would not include Inner Mongolia though. Geographically Inner Mongolia was separated from Outer Mongolia by the Gobi desert which was a barrier to trade and invasion. Inner Mongolia was more heavily connected to the Chinese economy. Innner Mongolia already had a larger population of Chinese settlers who would cause ethnic troubles. There was a lack of nationalism in Inner Mongolia. The nobility of Inner Mongolia was already half sinicized. And importantly, the Inner Mongolian nobility calculated that they would have more autonomy in a fractured China than in a unified Mongolia.
"Mongolia in the Twentieth century Landlocked Cosmopolitan" Stephen Kotkin and Bruce A. Elleman
interesting analysis, thank you for sharing.
Another big part of pacifism of mongolia is the religion up until mongolia was conquered buddhism was spreading fast and machus realized it could be used to subdue them so they actually helped the spread of buddhism and encouraged it.
@@pinkpidgeon6926 chinese have always say Qing was their own dynasty. But no one can deny what Manchu and Mongols have done. First Eight banner of Establishment (from wiki). """"""The banner armies expanded rapidly after a string of military victories under Nurhaci and his successors. Beginning in the late 1620s, the Jurchens incorporated allied and conquered Mongol tribes into the Eight Banner system. In 1635, Hong Taiji, son of Nurhaci, renamed his people from Jurchen to Manchu. That same year the Mongols were separated into the Mongol Eight Banners."""""" The Guangzhou massacre of Ming loyalist Han forces and civilians in 1650 by Qing forces, was entirely carried out by Han Chinese Bannerman led by Han Chinese Generals Shang Kexi and Geng Jimao """"""" Han Green Standard Army and Han Bannermen were involved in the fighting for the Qing side and carried out the worst slaughter"""""" You shouldn't proud han chinese ming traitor troops. They were carried out the worst slaughter to han chinese ming people.
@@BrutusAlbion This man is Babojab. He is last warlord of Qing dynasty. But he and his army were Mongols and Manchurian nomads. He were defending and fighting for last Qing Emperor. But Chinese wanted to kill the last emperor of Qing dynasty. Because Qing dynasty weren't han chinese dynasty. Sorry i haven't much information about him in english. Because he was Mongol man. Han chinese don't like talk about him. They are trying Qing dynasty belong to han chinese. But Manchu and Mongol were too formidable. They have been killing million of million chinese people. Example Taiping Rebellion ! Who led Qing army ? He and his army were Mongols. I never doubted Genghis Khan. ua-cam.com/users/redirect?event=comments&stzid=UgwzECj8dtI0S2j6W694AaABAg.8nTxlxC_KGn95MupOZ9U9C&q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Furl%3Fsa%3Di%26url%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.wikidata.org%252Fwiki%252FQ4527350%26psig%3DAOvVaw0HWCAaHRuO6J8gaZox_5dU%26ust%3D1581357273675000%26source%3Dimages%26cd%3Dvfe%26ved%3D2ahUKEwjJs-CFhcXnAhXexosBHXdlDR4Qr4kDegUIARDeAQ&redir_token=XRcnx8qoDxpEJEC8VxHTFCam71B8MTU4MjU5OTEwNkAxNTgyNTEyNzA2
@@purevjargalpuujee4845 i don't see how your reply was related to my comment?
Great job, Mongolia's history is fascinating.
not anymore 😪
@@ulsboldayurzana8439shut up
yes, perfect
I was just looking up the history of Mongolia today before I discovered this video on my feed
Wow nice job
Mongolia is such an amazing country. I was there last summer and can't wait to return.
nice
That place sucks.
@@porkchop2325shut up
thanks for doing this video. glad from mongolia.
*Wow* . I didn't know any detail history. *Thank you* for teaching me :D.
Great!
Oh my, the border gore. Really admire your effort. Praise to you/your team
I'm just one person, actually.
He's a videomapping machine.
Nice!
best mapper ever
Kyrgyzs and Mongols are brothers.
🇲🇳🤝🇰🇬
казахи тоже
I don't think so
neo-nazi Mongolians: true, except the Kazakh and the Russian parts.
I didn't notice the lakes in Mongolia when it turned to 2020 because all the rest of the time there were so many little warlord cliques and enclaves that I just assumed dots that represented lakes were those entitites as well.
One tiny suggetstion, it could be better if you displayed the western border disputes of Altai Mountains with more times as some area was claimed by China since the reorganization of provinces but under the de facto Mongolian control. The demonstration of the Khalkhin River dispute on the eastern front is great.
Ka=(Qua)= which
Ön=(eun)=(fore/ first- one )
(Ka-ön) = which one
(Ka-eun) = (Gæn/gên) = (ğan/ğen )= an/ en
Gel = come
(Gel-gên) =gelen = which one is coming /(what or who comes)
(Get-gên) =giden = which one is going /(what or who goes)
(Sat-gên) =satan = which one is selling /(who sells)
(Bak-gên) =bakan =which one is looking /(what or who looks)
(Gör-mã-gên) =görmeyen =which one is not seeing /(who doesn't see)
Kak-mak= to direct
Kaktırmak= to steer
Kakılmak> to get being oriented/ to get being fixed =kağılmak >kalmak= to stay /~to remain
Kakılmak>to be directed any side >kalıkmak>kalkmak =to stand up / to get up
Kakıldırmak>kağıldırmak> to get being steered away = kaldırmak = to remove / ~to lift up
(Yukarı Kak)>Yukarı Kalk = (direct yourself up) =Get up
Kak-ak = which thing to direct it = what to steer it
Kakak= Gagak=Gaga (All of them are the same meaning)
(Kuş'nuŋ Gagağı) Kuşun Gagası = ( the router of bird ) the beak of bird=(it's not bird's mouth or nose)
Uç-ak=which thing to fly (uçak=airplane)
Bür-ek= what to wring by twisting (börek=patty) (mantı=pasty)
Ka=(Qua)= which
Ön=(eun)=fore/ first-one
Kakğan= Kak-kan=(kak-ka-eun)= ( which one leads )= Who's directing
Kakğan=Kağan=Hakan=Hahan=Khan=Han (All of them are the same meaning)
Han = director- manager-leader
Kohen = religious leader
Kãhin= who directs us regarding the future
(Mu-eun)=men/man= this one
Kak-man=Kağ-man= kaoman=kaman=Xaman=Haman=Amon=the manager is this one=(commander)
Çün=(chun)=factor ( Jiŋ= agency /being the agent/element of..)
Ka=(Qua)= (which)
U=(ou)= it (that)
(Ka-u)= Ki=(Qui)=which that
(Çün-ka-u) =Çünki =(parce que/ c'est-pour-quoi)=(that's why))=(therefore)= Because
(U-çün)= İçün=için= (that factor..)= For.. (it's for)
(Ne-u-çün)=Niçün=Niçin=(what-that-factor)= Why.. (what-for)
for deriving new adjectives from nouns and adjectives
Çün=factor ( Jiŋ= agency /being the agent/element of..)
suffixes.. (Cı-ci-cu-cü) or (Çı-çi-çu-çü) = (jui / tchui )
(ish-jiŋ)İşçi= work-er
(Kapuğ-jın) Kapıcı=doorman
Temür=Demir= Iron /ferrum
(Temür-jin) Demirci=ironsmith (Temochin/ mongolian)
gemici=sailor
Tengiz=Deŋiz= Sea (Tchenggis/mongolian)
(Tengiz-jin) Deŋizci=seaman
Yaban =faraway/ out of center =Jaban
(Jaban-jiŋ) Yabancı = (outsider)=foreign-er
(Yaban Halk)=Japon halkı=Japan People=off-center people (just by us) but (2.hun=ni-fun)Nippon people for the Japanese
Well done
I never knew Sternberg conquered Mongolia. Thanks for this video
That's pretty much all he is known for tho.
NumanBaran! yeah.
@@numanbaran8607 I always thought he was in Siberia
Amazing
Great job! Is your next video going to be on a conflict?
Well good job.
Brazil Nice vídeo :)
Ah, that one time, when this whole map was united, as one thing:
*Communists*
"Materialism replace religion" is the 4th protocol of the Learned Elders of Zion, kings of this world.
@@scintillam_dei *chad face* why yes, I do rule the world, how could you tell?
@@basil7292 The title says "Learned" but just as North Korea's official name says "People's", it's just propaganda. They're actually not so wise since they worship Satan, someone so weak he was cast down from heaven like lightning.
The Supreme Genghis Khan of Mongolia approves of this video.
Хөөрхөн л болж. Greetings from Mongolia 🇲🇳🇲🇳🇲🇳🇲🇳🇲🇳
Your mapping are very amazing and its as the level of emperortigerstar, keep going!
Edit1: Can you make the arab turkish wars for independence?
Amazing video! What music did you use?
好视频！
Can you do the crisis of the 3rd century every year pleeaaasseee? ~
Good video as usual, what is the background music? thats beautiful
The Mongolian National Anthem
@@yanxishan6575 Thx
Nice
Do the Sengoku Jidai next!
That time when Tannu Tuva had a three-way civil war
Lmao
Great video, as usual. Could you name us the first song?
Nerves - Kevin Macleod
Your video are amazing.Are you Chinese or a historian?Do you mind if I upload your video to the video website in China(bilibili)?I think your video is worth being watching by more people.
You can post my video on bilibili, yes.
What if he/she is a Chinese historian lol?
Just sayin’ lol
Is it fine if I use your maps in one of my videos? I'll give you credit.
Of course.
Greetings!
epic
I didn't like the graphics of these last three videos. But the subject matters are awesome, please continue!
Again a very nice map! But there is a mistake, I think: Ma Zhongying fled into the Soviet Union in 1934. Afterwards, Sheng Shicai's and the Red Army troops had conquered the entirety of Xinjiang (except for the small pocket of Tunganistan, which did not border on the other Ma territories). I think you have to change the 1936.5.12 map.
I thought that Tunganistan controlled the entire Tarim Basin and the areas south of it.
@@yanxishan6575 According to Forbes Tunganistan: "was surrounded on two - eventually three - sides by the provincial forces of Sheng Shih-ts'ai and, on the fourth, by the high Tibetan plateau."
books.google.co.uk/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA128#v=onepage&q&f=false
He does not state when the two fronts changed to three, but I'm pretty sure that Sheng's forces controlled Hami at that point in time. They already started building an airport there:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hami_Airport
If they controlled Hami, then they controlled the routes to and from Gansu. That's why, Tunganistan was a pocket.
Good history to me because too much Good is Other can’t found that 👍👍👍
Good
Hey buddy may I ask why you name your channel Yan Xishan?
It's like you read my mind. Just the thing I got a book about.
Ungern Sternberg as Khan 2020!
The extreme border gore...
My eyes...
I never even heard of Anfu or how they occupied Mongolia. Fascinating knowledge
Anfu is also known as the Wan Clique or Anhui Clique.
@@yanxishan6575 oh ok
I JUST WANTED THIS,WOW.
Sorry if that was obnoxious but nobody every does this. I didnt even know Mongols tried to take inner mongolia like,5 times.
I knew we went on expedition but not like 5 times. Inner Mongolia is like the Jin of old the Khara Kidan just naturally more closer to the middle kingdom. Also the Manchu took us out first before they made the Qin dynasty. Qin even protect us from a Muslim invasion.
Purevjargal Puujee yes sister
Russia and PRC's current objective regarding Mongolia is to keep it as an underdeveloped buffer zone and thus be dependent on them.
Pfffffft please. Russia and PRC don’t actually give that much shit about Mongolia; it just became a buffet state due to historical contingency.
What Altai in northern Xinjiang it is?
I love Mongolian history
I never knew that the Mongolian Empire was re-established.
Yan Xishan can you tell me what Mongol mean?
How about history of countries in Europe? Like Hungary, Moldova, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia in 1918-1945?
My great uncle fought under Von Sternberg!
I'm getting mixed signals here lol
Von Sternberg was a great man who was also crazy and violent. I love that man.
saw some mistakes around Baikal lake ... it was ours buttt.... its fine its good keep goin subscribed 👍
Could you explain to me what these mistakes were? For future videos I want to make sure I don't make those mistakes.
You should make a video about the spread of the coronavirus everyday after the crisis ends!
if the crisis ends... hehe
Fun fact: Taiwan didn’t recognize Mongolia’s independence until recently
By recently you meant 1992 lol
and no one recognised Taiwan
interesting
It's so weird to have someone named "Sternberg" in charge of Mongolia, even for a short time.
A baltic German man serving as a Russian cavalry leader takes control of Mongolia
@@program4215 Ungern-Sternberg is an absolute mad lad
I never knew the mongols basically invaded China or inner Mongolia during these times impressive
We were so powerful. 70,000 China vs 10,000 during this battle. Mongolians retreated due to Russians pressure from North.
J Antonio Valdez Outer Mongolia was relatively strong compared to China. If we lost a battle then why we are independent country?
J Antonio Valdez Do not day dream son of bitch. Just google Mongolia is independent or not.
Good map, thanks! I am a Chinese. Please make more maps about Ancient China, thanks again!
Map is kinda wrong considering inner mongolia and buryat republic spanning beyond lake baikal was part of Mongolia until aftet ww2 when Mongolia was forced to surrender those territories in order to be recognized as a country by its neigbours. Even the name baikal is Mongolian.
Why in the world did the Mongol-Chinese border have a northward bulge in Chahar? I’d like to have a talk with whoever ruled over China at the time. Also I am very happy that in June 1929 the Soviets forced Tuva to give that area to Mongolia, it just looks better on the map.
The bulge is the Dariganga region, and everyone except me seems to hate it.
Ungern aproves this vídeo
Who is Gui Fu？I cant find any info about him.
Gui Fu 貴福 (1862-1941). Known locally and in the collective memory as the most prestigious Daur Amban (assistant military governor in Manchu) of the 1915s, Gui Fu was in reality the vice-governor of Hulun Buir in 1919 and then its governor in 1920.
1:00 what happened in those five months to send Mongolia so far back
Well, a larger Beiyang force arrived starting around October 1913, and the Mongolians retreated by December
Who else here is Mongolian?
Interestingly, Xu Shuzheng's face looks like mongolian to me
*Sternberg Khan*
Celebrate the independence of Mongolia
But the history of Mongolia should have also included the Golden Horde, Il-Khanate, and the Yuan Dynasty.
Mongolia under the Qing Dynasty was T H I C C 0:10
Hmmmmmm I like my Mongolia thicc
"Abahai" is second emperor of Qing. Mongolian last king Ligden who was defending weakest Ming dynasty, killed by Mongol troops in 1634. After death of the last king of Mongols, Most of East Mongolian warlords voted to next Mongolian king Manchu man Abahai in the Mukden city. He was our king.
Next, 100 years war every year 😳
Good video but it is not altay . It should written as Altai .
... Y, the awkward semi-vowel
Ungern, don’t you mean Genghis Khan 2
God bless Mongolia
Hi I'm from Mongolia yep 20 century Mongolia
And Chingis khaan is Mongols
I worry about what happened to the mongolians in the past who conquered the whole world
Mongol empire?
Even after Soviet overlordship we are still an Asian/eastern nation at heart.
well, Mongolia is more of a “central” Asian country in spirit located in a place that is defined as ‘East Asia”, like Vietnam being a “East Asian” country in spirt but located in Southeast Asia
吞并唐努图瓦！
Wow at one point in the video there were 3 Communist Nations, 2 of which dissolved in 1991!
Da Qing to The King
im mongolain kid for 12 years old-монгол
Outer Mongolia isn’t as fertile and rich as Inner Mongolia based on my observation
and it is freaking cold... 🥶
⭐⭐⭐
_"DA QING"_
Manchurian nomads call "Qing dynasty" the "DaQing Gurun". East Mongols call "DaiQing Gurun". It's means the Warrior dynasty. And Dzungarian Mongols call "Qing dynasty" the "gfdjrgrgrgr". It's means the "The Manchurian cowards stop hiding behind the East Mongols. Come yourself and fight like a man with me." Xinjiang is conquered later by East Mongol troops of Qing, Manchus say Xinjiang with too dialect. Xinjiang means "new border". Because Manchurians didn't conquered Xinjiang themselves. The East Mongols gave that name "Xinjiang" and Manchus say Xinjiang with too dialect. chinese have always say Qing was their own dynasty. But they never understood the meaning of those words.
@@purevjargalpuujee4845 I see you every where
lot's of errors.Xinjiang is a Chinese words, and its name comes chinese idiom "past territory newly returned" said by emperor 'qianlong'."Xin"新 means new,and "Jiang"疆 means territory.All in all,Xinjiang is an absolute Chinese word,it's meaning comes from Chinese and was firstly speaked in Chinese.