The Lavish Eating Habits Of The Ancient Romans | Let's East History | Timeline
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- Опубліковано 10 лют 2025
- The Roman empire was a time of power and brutality, fuelled by violent games and bloodbaths. However, it was also abundant in refinement and extreme sensuality. Food and cooking was an key indicator of success, with quality and abundance of dishes the primary measure. As the first and largest european civilisation, Rome was at the epicentre of culinary innovation, with an acute emphasis on vegetables, meat and spices.
From eating lying down, to watering down fine wines, Rome had unique practices when it came to dining. Techniques are examined, and strange staples, such as a fish intestine sauce that was the Roman equivalent of ketchup, are revealed. We explore the taste laboratories of Epicius, the master behind Rome’s cooking prowess, and source of inspiration for the best chefs today.
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“First European civilization”
The Greeks: “am I a joke to you?”
The Greeks they say they were the Minoans
"First novelists"
China: Am I a joke to you?
@@JakofAllTrades57 India: Am I a joke to you?
Gr*ekoids are not european
@Dioioego Indeed, Greeks were seperate city states not connected by culture or state (mostly), but by language.
"... ate only with their right hand."
**grabs food with left hand**
Roma victor.
I think you mean Roma Invicta
You don't know me
Roma Invicta
John Lake Yes.
4th Direction their
Whoever did the costumes did not do their research! A matron of average status would never wear purple, nor would they wear a diaphanous veil to the market!
haha - looked like dress up time!
Oh, and that lovely SHORT SHORT haircut on the woman in the thermopaleum. seems like most Roman women had long hair, surely?
I know right, it's so goofy!
the railroad track anvil at 1:05...
Purple, yes the ultra expensive and rare color from mollusks. I don’t know a thing about the “diaphanous” veil, but I’ll look into it. : )
When ancient Romans eats better than you....
Healthier. No surgar or candy chips and bad foods we eat today
Kim Lowe But dirty. Very dirty. No running water, soap and detergents. Imagine gutting fish and butchering meat which I'm sure they never washed. Yuck.
@@fauxmanchu8094 "The Romans did use lead in their pipes. However, two things about the Roman water supply mitigated the unhealthy effects of lead. The first is that the water in the Roman aqueducts rarely stopped running. They had shut-off valves, but they didn't use them much." they had running water!
That's why You rinse the meat off in the water
@PL4stik1991 yeah if they were dirty they would not have become an empire, as their people would have become diseased
This documentary got it wrong about gladiators. Gladiators dying in the arena was actually a rare event. It didn't happen as often. fights were often regulated, and gladiators were highly valued. It was a big deal for a gladiator to die in the arenas. So much so that gladiators would pay the the funeral and bereavement of the fallen's family.
lordblazer
They can still die later from their wounds, though. Most matches were not to the death, but they were all extremely bloody.
@Lindy T Yeah, having a prizefighter be killed as opposed to some random slave you bought and put into armor is another matter entirely.
Of course people died, people even die in combat sports nowadays without weapons, the thing which in mainstream is misinterpreted is that it was not part of the victory or the show to kill somebody
A dead gladiator’s blood was valuable?
but if you were a Christian, then you died in the arena
46:50 "These lemon tree leaves..." When the container sittin' there says Lemon Grass... xD
This is fantastic! I always wanted to see how roman recipes looked like.
0:37 Rome built the first civilisation in Europe
Greeks: Am I a joke to you?
How do you separate the men from the boys in Greece? With a two X four....
Etruscans: Bro....
@@MrHawkington didn't the hellenic civilization influence both etruscan and roman hence the term Greco-Roman
>Rome
>Used stainless steel saucepan
They did make steel. And some other metals, given enough polishing, can look the part. The thing with iron artifacts, specially thin ones, is that they rarely survive.
They did make steel. And some other metals, given enough polishing, can look the part. The thing with iron artifacts, specially thin ones, is that they rarely survive.
They put Garum (fish sauce) on EVERYTHING!!
Garum was to Romans what ketchup is to Americans!
Still used in Thai cuisine. Called nam pla. Delicious!
it was like the salt and pepper or ketchup of its day.
Chris Backhaus kinda like how we put ketchup on everything.
@@wasabista1613 I love that thai sauce where you mix equal parts like juice and fish sauce, then add thai chilies and sometimes garlic. I dont know what it's called though.
I also love that thai paste/sauce where you mix vinegar with dehydrated powdered pork, thai chilies, and sometimes thai eggplant bits.
Basiclly I love thai sauces, no matter how smelly.
I’ve tried making garam...it’s...dangerous, in a way, to make, but, it’s like really salty Worcestershire sauce, mixed with Japanese fish sauce, it’s actually pretty good
Porks are magical animals that produce many meats: Bacons, hams, porks chops, chitlinses, and ribses.
I thought that too 🤣
Almost as prophesied by the yellow oracles of ye northe americas, ze Simpsons... except this time, this is an observation probably as old as -dirt- pork.
🤣🤣
Thanks for this. You have such an interesting variety of historical documentaries. This one had some interesting facts. I was hoping they mention silphium and how it was harvested to extinction but overall it was very interesting.
Whenever I dream about traveling time back to antiquity (it's my dream) I always remember this is a world without tomatoes, pepper, chili, coffee, and tobacco, and as a Tunisian and a Modern day mediterranean it is unconceivable. So I feel suddenly that sadness and bitterness, I would've loved the times but hate the food !
also potatoes and corn
Not really.. I grew up in Sardinia, and, with the exception of New World Crops, the diet we had was in large part supplied from what was endemic to the island; figs, garlic, onions, herbs, hazelnuts and walnuts, olives and olive oil, boar, (tons of) seafood, quails, grapes, funky sheep cheeses, and even horse meat. And of course wheat, rice, pasta, and barley. My mom was from Naples, though; we were always bound to have chili peppers and/or tomatoes involved in at least one meal 😂
Me too
U damn Carthaginian
@@sergpie not really what?
I'm not so sure that very many gladiators were actually killed. They were a valuable and expensive commodity. It would be like a manager letting his prized boxer fight to the death today.
Ok thank you! I was thinking this as I watched. I've studied quite a lot of Roman history, not gladiator history, but nonetheless I was surprised when I came to that part.
Sometimes it seems like historians don't give people of the past enough credit to be as sensible as we are.
You're absolutely right, but the cliché of gladiators being cattle to be killed for the pleasure of others are just one of the many tropes Christiam Romans spread about their pagan ancestors to denounce them as depraved. Gladiators were indeed more like nowadays WWF-fighters: they had a specific public persona, they made astronomic sums of money and more often than not, fights were staged or at least made in a way so no one died.
@@alexanderfo3886 lie
Seattwaa,,,,,,,,,,,You are right. That is why when a gladiator was down for the count with a wound that did not kill him but kept him from fighting,........they looked to Caesar are the nearest person in charge for permission to kill him. Usually that permission was NOT granted. I said....'usually'. There were some deaths but they were rare between gladiators. These gladiators were in no hurry to kill the other because the were usually acquainted with the man or even friends. Some gladiator bouts were like wrestling bouts of today. They were choreographed to entertain the crowd.
Alexander Foß it would make sense that they were, someone like Mike Tyson or Connor Mcgregor wouldn’t be put in a fight to the death since their name brings so much attention.
My god...I haven't seen a French history documentary for...over a decade now. Back when I was little I drooled waiting for this kind of program on TV, and when we finally got Discovery Channel, history shows weren't around much anymore.
The details of this documentary are so hilarious and the pronounciation is so amazingly amusing.
This is making me hungry.
I always watch this series when eating something XD
@@Galejro I know richt
@@UltimaSigmarAlonso too relatable
8:02 "...always eating with their right hand" 8:17 Eating with left hand
cmoon that is not significant this is not a Hollywood movie.
The romans invented fast food? Damn, those guys were good, is there anything they didn't invented first?
Novo Eduardo AC respeckt WAMEN....
"Equality of opportunity under the law" is what's intended there, as outlined in the Bill of Rights in the US and similar codification elsewhere.
Pasta. It came from China.
@jeff byers couscous is actually a Roman food made in the N Africa
@ScarletDespair oh look honey, it's an incel!
Many people lived in single rooms with no cooking facilities and they ate out from food produced by street stalls. Probably only the rich had kitchens and cooked at home. They had slaves to do their cooking.
Awesome thank you
Incorrect.
Most people had hearths. Nearly every civilization, in evry part of the world, of evry type had a hearths. The hearth is the center of the family, the family being the center of the ancient world. Only in modern times, the post nuclear do we get away from this idea. The steppe peoples who lived their lives on horse backs set up hearths at their camps, iron age celt and germanic round houses were built around hearths, same can be said about the average "Roman".
Most Romans were not poor or rich, just like today...the middle class makes up the largest chunk of society.
Rome did have a Grain Dole for 300 of the poorest families in the city. It is considered probably the best form of state run social programs, all the way up to the modern welfare state.
What Helen seems to be describing is period of the high middle ages ( during the plague circa 1300).
Thats the only time when I can think of only two classes existing ( rich and poor).
Idk if she's using a modernist perspective on the information at hand, or she's simply trying to make some ill conceived politcal analogy, but she's wrong.
@@gentlemanfarmer6042 I'm referring specifically to Rome, that's all. Rome actually had high rise buildings because they knew how to build with a form of concrete (called opus signinum). The dwellings inside were one room only. I have read a lot of books on Rome and the Romans and also taken part in archaeological digs on Roman sites.
@@heliotropezzz333 And thats fine....you'd still be wrong about it. ( on the scale your talking about, there were poor and rich people. But that wasn't it, and the poor certainly didn't make up the bast majority.
Ex. For the first 500 years of existence, only Citizens could participate in the military. It was purely a middle class army, with "Nobles Leading"...certainly not a mob of poor medieval peasants.)
I think maybe your confusing "Citizen with Civillian, which was a major difference for Rome" and interchanging "classes for these people" ...which is incorrect.
I'm not disputing what you think you read or if you've been to digs yourself.
If you had been to digs, on ANY Roman site, than you know to find center of thw buildings, they look for Hearths, standard archeological practice.
I'm a history professor with a minor in classic antiquity.
Your right about Opus Signinum, the Romans didn't invent it though..that would be the Carthaginians. The romans were excellent at picking up technology and making it vastly better.
As far as housing, there were a great many with 1 rooms amd a great many with multi rooms.
And while I enjoy shop talk with history, I'm trying to out together with what you just said and how that connects to your OP about classes in Rome, and that most were poor people digging thru garbage heaps.....
I'm tempted to ask which digs and what archeologist told you that a vast majority of Romans were dirt poor, with no heat or cool and eating out of trash pits. ( That sounds l alot like a modern day 3rd world country.)
Like I said, social programs in Rome were cutting edge and in some cases better than what we have today.
- the grain dole ( which fed nearly every poor person in the city)
- Public Baths ( which evry "Citizen" got to use, no matter how poor they were)
To the Romans, cleanliness was next to godliness
- Public Holidays and Festivals were currency and food were given out to all who attended. These happend many times in a month.
* Lastly, you cant put a modern perspective on an ancient lens....
Romans, people of the ancient world didn't think about money like we do.
It wasnt the end all be all of existence like it is for us.
Most people in the ancient world spent most of their money/time on making/attaining/gathering food ( that's why Rome was cutting edge with the Grain Dole, and you don't see something of that spendor again, till the Wellfare State.
It's so different to the world we live in now, that to compare the two at all is disengenous.
@@gentlemanfarmer6042 I was just stating some facts about Rome. I don't know why you keep referring to medieval peasants. Medieval times were later than Roman times - such a basic mistake. The sites I was digging on were served with underfloor heating. No hearths. Anyway I've said as much as I'm going to now. A good series of books to read, to know more about Rome is the Roman set of novels by Colleen McCullough (if you have the stamina). She did an amazing amount of research which informed those books. They start off in the times of Marius (the father of the Roman army) and go through Sulla, and Julius Caesar as far as Anthony and Cleopatra.
I thought orange carrots were cultivated first time in Holland a few hundred years ago?
“When they were first cultivated, carrots were grown for their aromatic leaves and seeds rather than their roots. Carrot seeds have been found in Switzerland and Southern Germany dating back to 2000-3000 BC.[9] Some close relatives of the carrot are still grown for their leaves and seeds, such as parsley, cilantro, coriander, fennel, anise, dill and cumin. The first mention of the root in classical sources is from the 1st century AD;[10] the Romans ate a root vegetable called pastinaca,[11] which may have been either the carrot or the closely related parsnip.[12][13]”
What beautiful depiction of Roman food habits.
Why are all of the actors in this leaning on their RIGHT elbow, when the narrator specifically mentioned the rich romans always leaned on their left elbow, and ate with their right hand?
I know, huh? If your right handed and lounging while you eat, you lay on your left side to free your right hand. I mean, not that I would know because I always sit up strait in a chair to eat of course like any other civilized person these days.
@@arthurtrauer5684 i normally sit up straigh to eat but i sometiems lay back and shovel chips in my mouth in bed late at night like an animal.
In ancient times in most of the world and even some parts of the world today you dont shake hands or eat with your left hand since that was traditionally the hand you wiped with, and before hand soap and toilet paper it would leave your hand... less than fresh. So people wouldnt eat with their left hands at all and in this case it only makes sense to use the left to prop yourself up with and your right to eat with.
Juan Mari Arzak, one of the Basque Country's culinary heroes! So glad he is mentioned in association with other legendaries of history!
It makes me so proud of our cooks!
Yes, Spanish cuisine is often underestimated...
I tried those sausages at Saalburg Roman Castle in Bad Homburg, Germany. Delicious!
Eating while laying down sideways must be tiring
No! It’s awesome. Try it.
Basques! I am lucky to live in an area with many Basque people and restaurants; their food is SOOOO GOOD!
I didn't understand the name of the Basque chef in San Sebastián. Do you know it?
Small point regarding the rose petal recipe: There were no red roses back then -- only white.
Man, i hope i can try some of that sweet and savory styled recipes one day myself.
I love Rome. The greatest civilization ever. I went to uni specifically to study Roman history and Latin.
Jose Raul Miguens Cruz carpe diem..quid pro quo
There will never be a power like Rome again. I am not speaking of our modern weaponry verses theirs; I am talking about a power so persuasive, so above everyone else, and a power which was status symbol for all to aspire to. Makes me proud that I have Italian blood in me.
Today garum is still used far away from Rome in Asia where it is called "yuck man!"
I read an article a few years back that proposed that because of deforestation to make room for more olive groves and grape vinyards farms, erosion devastated the once lush ecosystems of North Africa, Spain, Turkey, and other areas.
Throughout what was once the Roman Empire, many ancient ports like Rome's Ostia Antica are now kilometers inland.
I wanted to check to see if the comments section was filled with people shouting at each other and I was not disappointed. I guess down deep I must actually enjoy the vitriol or else I wouldn't look--kind of like gaping at a road accident. I thought it was a good documentary about a subject that hasn't received much attention elsewhere. We picnicked in the kitchen of the House of Pansa in Pompeii and I've always wondered what it might have been like before it was a ruin. This show helped me visualize it and that by itself made it worthwhile.
13:44 Nice stainless steel fast food kitchen equipment. LoL
The orgies of Nero and other infamous bad emperors are a source of criticism and shame, not the norm, like the anglosphere loves to pretend.
It's because anglo-culture is generally puritanical and prudish
@ Not only the "anglo-culture", because the English could only copy what was already "known" from often doubtful sources. The trope of Romans celebrating orgies all the time was invented by Christian writers to denounce pagan Romans as depraved eversince Christianity became the only allowed religion in 331.
@Crystal Dreams And what about whataboutisms?
Only 9 ads in 50 minutes?! I’ll pass until they add a few more
thank you for this great video ☺
Potatoes.... really🤔
thank you for the upload
"They probably were the first to domesticate porks." 11:23
So... pork comes from porks. Learn something new everyday, I thought pork came from pigs.
Josh Jo-- The French word for "pig" is "porc". The Latin word is "porcus". It would be an easy mistake for someone not really familiar with English to make--especially when the vlog is about ancient Rome/Latin.
One MercilessMing-- r/iamverysmart lol
Josh Jo--A simple internet search engine would have led you to the same information, had you bothered to look up things FIRST. In my school days, we had to take Latin as well as Greek and had four full years of another language of our choice.
One MercilessMing-- When the expert on the documentary was talking about pork, there was nothing to suggest that he was using the French or Latin words for pig. I think he just misspoke and thought I'd make a not-so-funny joke by pointing it out. That's all.
Then you came in with some trivia knowledge - which is fine - but you said it with a condescending tone and made assumptions about my English comprehension. Then you replied again. And you were condescending, making assumptions about my education background and possibly my age.
I'm glad you've studied French and Latin. Its great knowledge to have. I hope you continue to learn more every day and live a wonderful life! But the words you chose came off as being very arrogant and pseudo-intellectual. And the way you just assume things is also upsetting.
You might be a very bright person, or not; I don't know anything about you. But you really need to work on your communication skills. People who are secure in their knowledge and self esteem don't feel the need to drop facts, boost their own ego, and insult others.
Josh Jo--You made a comment that needed explication. I provided it. Take it or leave it. Have a nice life.
First European civilization?
Say whaaaaaaat
Montanius Spiritum Yeah, as has already been stated above. The Minoans were the first European civilization, followed by the Mycenaeans and later the classical Greeks. These were localised civilisations, however. I think the simplistic TV documentary for lowest common denominator viewers is trying to say PAN - European.
The concept of Europe and Asia is itself convoluted and manufactured, but i agree, not the first European civilizations.
Not the first but the largest and most influential.
The first European civilisation was the Greek civilisation. The Greeks had great philosophers and invented democracy. The Romans were very influenced by the Greeks in many ways.
N o there were civilized occupations all over Europe for thousands of years before recognizable Greek presence. The early Greeks actually defeated and enslaved the previous inhabitants of Greece who had organized society, towns and religion so they were not the First Civilization in Europe.
They forgot one of the biggest trends at the time a sweet opium wine had to be sweetened because of the taste of the latex from the poppy pods
Thankyou!🍇
the narrator's style grates on my ears.
Thanks.
Very interesting.
Eating until you vomit was heavily frowned apon it was seen as rude manors.
Im literally eating lying down on my couch
A very interesting documentry
Crawfish and caviar sound good
Dried figs are the bomb, by the way.
42:47 best dish ever. It's so good. Easy recipe.
Well, they didn't eat tomatoes, potatoes or corn on the cob, unless Roman supply ships ranged much further than we know.
there were some triremes discovered off the coast of south america with amphora still on board but they wrecked was destroyed by the Brazilian government
and they definitely did not eat churchkhela. or did they? :)
@@arthas640 To what end?
Good documentary
Produce similarly on chinese and ottoman cuisine
They made one mistake did anyone else pick up on it?
When they were talking about the rich always lying on their side and leaning on their left elbow and eating with their right hand, the woman in yellow is doing it the opposite, she is leaning on her right and eating with her left.
Other than that I really enjoyed this video, very interesting.
She is just pretending to be rich. Or nouveau rich. Snobs of the era would spot it from a mile away from giveaways such as that.
Omg this is like watching Runescape irl lol
Lovely
This is so frustrating.. Today is Sunday & my local supermarket is closed today.. Tomorrow I’ll be too distracted to remember all the ingredients I want & the moment will have passed..!!
well us Italians have marvelous food, so ancient romans had marvelous food. Sounds pretty logic, our ancestors left this to us too🇮🇹👍🏼
Always this glorification of Nero and promiscuity, while Romans despised him and Marcus Aurelius celebrate his sexual control.
Only at the end of his reign. For most of the time, Nero was a very popular ruler (the stories of him burning down Rome and feeding xstians to lions - he probably didn't even know they existed - those were added later). Marc Aurelius on the other hand was a cuck, who couldn't keep his wife in line properly.
Exactly!!
@@fenriz218 i mean ur right about nero, he is hated because he cracked down upon the senate and the debauchery of the rich senators and patricians, in favor of the plebians, but marcus aurelius a weak man? didnt find any sources pointing at that direction, plus he had 14 kids, was quite virile, he was a philosopher, a soldier, a leader...
amazing
How do you define "didn't eat a lot"? Because most Romans were very active, I thought they must have eaten quite a lot, they just didn't put on extra weight.
Wayyyy too many commercials !! What is happening to UA-cam?!!
Jasmin Flowerz if it makes it past the censors and thought police, they slap commercials on it like crazy
Zyklon B
Yeah, tell me about it. I'm glad you're aware of this too!!! Dang!
Don't blame UA-cam, blame the uploader. They put in this insane amount of ads because they want the maximum amount of ad revenue.
deutschesmaedchen
Oh, wow! Thank you for clarifying that. Makes sense.
im not sure if they legally license the old shows somehow for youtube and thats why they need a million ads, but it seems like everytime a documentary or show like this makes it past the censors they have tons of ad breaks.
I like the guy in the white shirt, stone behind him, reserved manner of speaking.
Everything Romans did left it’s mark on our evolution from sports to art to food and their festivals and traditions to worship their gods have stayed with most of the western religions today.
How do you film all this? Seems like you put in a lot of effort. These kind of videos are like gold on UA-cam. Do y'all air these videos on the television ? They're too well made.
These Let's Eat History videos are amusing. as many in the comments point out these are riddled with inaccuracies. So I wonder if they were poorly researched or being that it looks like they were originally made in France if they were just poorly translated.
"and only eating with their right hand" 8:17 *eats with her left hand lol
Where is chef Ramsey ?
shelly amor RAMSEY IMPERIUM
taking on the gladiators with his frying pan and ladle.
WHERE'S THE LAMB GARUM?????!!!!!
Palace Nightmares
But if the Romans ate not much proteine, how did they became such strong soldiers? Proteine is a must for muscle growth.
Soldiers had a different diet.
Samuel Lord Clearly. But still it surprises me.
From the analysis of bones, the Roman legionary diet consisted of ox, sheep, goat, pig, deer, boar, and hare. They also had a thing for cheese, poultry and fish. They also drank milk.
Samuel Lord That does sound healthy. Certain fish might contain the right amount of proteins indeed. I thought they also would eat lots of fruit. Carbs not so much, unless they have eaten the bread their food was served on buy I'm pretty sure they fed that to the dogs instead.
@Leto85 Grain (cereals and legumes) contain more than enough protein, for example about 27% of the calories in lentils come from protein. Bythe way the avarage western person today eats to much protein
i am CRACKIG UP AT THE *RECORDER* MUSIC AT 10:03
Thai street food...love it...
8:19 that woman is eating with her left hand!
It is still called "Loukanika" in the Greek Kitchen.
Rome as they grow in strength and domination goes from exporter to importer. America.
Is that Oblivion music at 41:00
😂
What a wonderful historical video.
Let me have one day back then.
Hey! That's archeon in the netherlands! Its right next to the bath right?
their food looks nice. Rome was a pretty cool place considering how long ago it was.
In the final minute, there is a reference to "coffee vail," that fine film covering the meat. I wonder how to make that.
Google “De Re Coquinaria” by Apicius. You’ll prob b able to find an English translation & might find a recipe
Somehow I can't believe that the historical Apicius EVER had a mullet!
The railroad track anvil @ 1:20 lol is funny. I don’t think The Romans had a grasp on iron and steel lol
3:16 You need to show a caption of the speakers.
After telling us how they leaned on the left side and ate with their right hands...almost everybody shown was doing the opposite.
God them saus sound fecking amazeballs
13:02 That woman looks like she "totally" would be more fitting working at a mall's food court in the 80's!
Watching this make me hungry
I thought it was pronounced Garr-um not Gayrum?
Meanwhile in Rome Total War: Remastered:
My Legionnaires: Pass the Posca!
0:40 did he really just say "first european civilisation?" dude wtf ....
Who knew Romans invented pouring booze out on the floor for your homies?
Ah, the Romans just gotta love them (and hate them)
🤣🤣🤣🤣
19:08 best wine making ever
tonight the role of Apicius will be played by a young Billy Bob Thornton...
So good looking! 😍
was the satyricon a room?
24:30 And I thought surströmming is the worst... 😕😷🤢
No. It's Lutefisk and Hakarl... no wonder the northmen went on to viking: they just wanted some decent food...
Breakfast without coffee?!
I don't think coffee made it to Europe until after the discovery of the New World. Same with tomatoes and corn.
@@NewMexicoJoe505 umm...coffee originated in Ethiopia (and around that area), so that is not true. i'm not sure exactly how popular it was, but it was probably at least known...it is a strong stimulant and also has medicinal qualities in addition to being nice to drink..
@@BAlvn-yr6ej Yeah but Coffee wasn't made into a brevage until the middle ages in the Arab world