ATP synthase: Structure and Function
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- Опубліковано 13 кві 2016
- A short video describing F1Fo ATP synthase function.
We made this a couple of years ago for the late Richard Perham to explain ATP synthase function for the book he was co-authouring: Molecular Biology of Assemblies and Machines: garlandscience.com/product/isb...
Visualisation was performed with an in house ray tracer / molecular modelling tool written by Callum Smits: github.com/callumsmits/rt1 - Наука та технологія
This is amazing ! This animation uses the end-product of decades of research, so impressive...
Jhxhkx
@@ayontv7902 God is amazing!!!
@@2fast2block science is better
@@lorenzomagri143 then explain the steps this took as it was hit and miss and somehow came into being to help us stay alive. Or, just give your science how we got the universe on its own. Or, just admit you can just blah blah and have nothing to back it up.
@@2fast2block I mean, I don't have to explain anything to you, if you want to you can find all the information you need by searching, it's up to you. I'm not here to have a conversation when you can't accept others opinion. You believe God created all this? Good for you, but don't try to sink my ideas, also because you would fail
I love how at the end, after all the engine metaphors, all the enzymes are put in the form of a V-shaped engine lol
V-Twin power ... orange and black, trademarked by Harley-Davidson! 😉
But ATPases do, in fact, form into that structure in mitochondria.
@@gelatinocyte6270 well that is the reason why we call them "molecular machines" after all, isn't it :D
@@TheoEvian and machines just don't come about on their own, it took a designer, God, to do it.
@@2fast2block I don't want to argue about this, but wouldn't a clever designer design a system that can design itself into being rather than creating a particular solution? Wouldn't that be more elegant?
And you would be surprised how many things around us just come about on their own!
Best animation of the formation of ATP molecules by ATPase on UA-cam. Thank you for uploading!
Yes, fantastic design done by God.
I didn't know the stalk was that flexible. I also had no idea ATP synthase dimerized, this is so cool !
God is really cool in His designs.
@@2fast2block God is a fairy tale
@@nenadnen11111 ok, let's check your BASIC science so you can show how smart you are.
The 1LofT states that energy can't be created or destroyed, it can't happen naturally. One aspect of the 2LofT shows that the universe is winding down, usable energy is becoming less usable. It is clear creation had to be done supernaturally yet it is still denied because people are just too proud to accept that, among other things.
@@2fast2block hahahahaha.....lets not even get into thermodynamics as you dont even have basic knowledge of science. Besides you are contradicting youself by invoking "supernatural BS" into natural world.😅
But lets go into anthropology. People have created around 4200 Gods so far. You just happen to believe in one of them....meaning you are an atheist for the remaining 4199. So much about ur pathetic "invisible man in the sky"
P.s. SNAKES DONT TALK 😅😅😅
@@nenadnen11111 got it and I already knew it. All you can do is blah blah. From the start, creation, you're crushed.
Best ATP synthase video on youtube.
Fantastic animations of beautiful engineering. Thanks!
Thanks Scott, they were fun to make!
@@StewartLab concurred with ScottTheCoffeeGeek ... thank you for sharing.
Would be keen to see any updates - to how this system is conceptualised ... if and when they come through, and if you were to see it fit incorporate them in a future versions of your animations, of course.
WOW! Incredible animation and what an astonishing mechanism! My sincere thanks to the team who made this.
Machines just don't come about on their own, it took a designer, God, to do it.
Do you know everything about the entire Universe? If not, how do you know what can and what cannot form? Just because YOU haven’t seen something happen doesn’t mean to say that it can’t.
@@neil6477 my reply is already gone?! Dang, I showed what a joke you are, too.
Anyway, since you're a loser, do tell how we even got the universe on its own. Come on now, you love being a joke so make us laugh. Oh, try to include some evidence too. It helps.
(Some clarification via an edit) You are the person who made a statement, not me, ergo the onus of proof is on you. I simply asked how you know the sum of all things which are possible? For you to make the statement that 'machines don't just come about by themsleves . . . . ' implies that you know this is a fundamental truism in all places and throughout all time - so, again, I ask how you know this? Defend your own statement - there is nothing for me to answer. You can abuse me if you want but that hardly demonstrates your omniscience.
@@neil6477 I know such things that are involved with a living cell, can't have a cell waiting for ATP synthase to evolve. My brain reasons, you should try it.
What an incredible video! Really helpful for my biochemistry final!
what a great animation! This helped my understanding a lot, thank you!
What an impressive molecular machine. Very helpful video!! Thanks heaps
Yes, God is impressive!
This ia very nice animation of ATP synthase. Even more amazing knowing that this enzyme is utalized by both humans and the most exstremophilic of prokaryotes.
Thank you!! It is an extremely useful video.
What’s amazing is that these are so small, they’re approaching the wave length of light... it is true nano technology. So cool, great animation!
Great God to have designed and made it.
Truly amazing work. Thank you!
God did truly amazing work, indeed.
Great video / explanation! Lovely, thank you! :)
that was a really good animation thank you👏👏
I loved this video. Is reaaaaally helpful, tysm.
Thank you so much for your videos.
God is great
For sure!!! God is soooooo amazing!
Incredible nature ! Thank a lot
No, incredible God! Nature can't do this.
Exquisitely done
And designed by God.
Beautiful design
Wonderful God!
Wonderful. Thank you
This helped me a lot :) thanks
Thank you very much for sharing this, it's intensely satisfying to be able to experience such a close-quarters virtual inspection of all the detail - really neatly presented.
What is necessarily refrained from being shown here is of course for a most obvious reason - indeed the fundamental reason for the existence of this - the sheer quantity of water molecules in between all the other components.
So I was pondering how these humble H(2)O species can be conceptualised, were they to be reintroduced back into the picture ...
>> I understand we have an approximation of of pH gradient of 1 unit across the membrane (protons doing work by descending through a proton gradient from pH 7 to pH 8) ... ? Clearly this is a very dynamic system that's much more interesting than single blanket pH values for entire compartments - potentially very localised variations at different nooks and crannies ... ?
>> interfacial water would surely play a part all through these membrane bound systems ... ?
>> (Wiggins' interfacial / Pollack's exclusion zone water - do we have here an interface with a net negative charge layer hugging the surfaces?)
>> those optimised proton concentrations (arising within the mitochondrial intermembrane space, in particular at the cristae's dimerised ATP synthase in-folds) being of course where such exclusion zone would be least conceivably present or otherwise pertinent --> lower pH there ... ?
>> presumably spinning motion would have vortices associated with it? And proton flows generate magnetic fields (right angle to axis of flow) ... ?
So many curious wonderings set off by this ... Cheers, and thank you again for sharing
God sure is wonderful!
Biology an engineer can understand. Thank-you.
"the mitochondria, THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL"
oh God not again
this is a very high technology. Much higher than humans have currently developed
Because God designed it.
Because God designed it.
That was super bad-ass.
Amazing video
Amazing God.
Thank you very much
Great animation!
I have a question: What is the mimimal number of c subunits in f0 one can have, since it seems like the fewer c subunits one has, the fewer protons are needed to go through the machinery to produce the same number of atp (3 molecules).
So why not make f0 as small as possible?
8 is the smallest I'm aware of. This has been seen in samples taken from bovine mitochondria
The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell.
So at the bottom of all science is God afterall!!!!!! Amazing....
Looks awfully complex.... How exactly does this happen through blind chance and random variation?
Answer: It can't happen like that. It took a designer and maker, God.
wonderful
Wonderful God.
So the brown and green parts inside the membrane are considered to be one motor?
Am I wrong in noticing at the end you have the ATP synthase upside down. Protons are pumped from the outside into the inner matrix?
Hey, do you know why the protons binding to the rotor cause it to rotate? I can' seem to find the answer, I assume it is due to them being positively charged, but I am not sure.
How does the ADP and the Pi know where to go?
They appear to be just floating around outside of the matrix.
they dont know where to go, the enzime is "just right" for them to fit in... since there's a ton of them floating about, there's always some nearby to diffuse into the enzime reaction site and become atp
it works like radial motor!
Amazing
Amazing God!
"camshaft", "turbocharged". Seems like the scriptwriter was a motorhead lol.
Here's some motor specifications if you're interested, similar to the internal combustion engine in many ways: www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/bioa.23301?scroll=top&needAccess=true
Since this is biology, it should say ATP synthase on steroid
Can you think of a more appropriate analogy then? I can't. For all intents and purposes they ARE those things.
The upper rotating "cam" simply physically shoves a third phosphate onto the two phosphates in ADP that's waiting there, and spits out ATP, and the process repeats thanks to the rotating proton pump below. I don't know why they cannot show this easily - they like big words I think.
So evident to see the hand of a benevolant God in all of this. We will be judged for our presuppositions!
Love it! Yes, God gets the glory from those of us who actually think.
MITOCHONDRIA IS THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL
how fast does it spin?
This video just clarified 4 pages of my biochem textbook in 4min. Thank you! Also, my textbook says that the proton gradient actually doesn't form ATP, but its role is to release the newly synthesized ATP. That really confused me bc I was previously led to believe that the gradient helps with ATP synthesis. Can anyone clarify this?
God's wonderful design. Just one of tons.
Isn't there energy in the ADP bounds as well?
And all of these molecular machinery was originated by accident supposedly by modern technology and science cannot replicate it because it's so complex.
Think about it and don't take anything for granted only because others do so.
I don't take it for granted and give the glory to God.
@@2fast2block amen bro. Just wanted to share this verse with you.
Revelation 12:17
_Then the dragon was enraged at the woman and went off to wage war against the rest of her offspring-those who keep _*_God’s commands_*_ and hold fast their _*_testimony about Jesus._*
@@wewerecreated3960 it is actually so easy to hold fast for those that are honest with the evidence. All the opposition has is bluff. They have NO evidence and God has ALL the evidence. Those that ignore the evidence will have no excuse as it says in Romans 1:20. The devil loves to wage war but it all still leads to losers will see the bitter truth of their choice to be a loser. They ignore the evidence and God's gift of salvation. When they are judged they'll see what they turned down and have extreme shame and regret. They allowed the devil to trick them and it's all on them.
Cellular respiration was the most boring unit my high school biology, but you made it interesting and entertaining
is there any circumstancies under which the shaft rotates in reverse?
In the lab, these enzymes are often studied in reverse; using ATP to pump protons. However the cell contains inhibitory mechanisms that usually prevent this.
awesome
Awesome God!
And, all this is encoded for. Since no back-coding from working protein to RNA, how does this hsppen??
Amazing yet simultaneously deeply upsetting.
Deeply Upsetting?
Nobody built ATP synthase to function the way it does. It evolved naturally over hundreds of millions of years. That should bother you.
Why?
Iv never heard the proof for why it couldent have been built and had to have been evolved. Can you enlighten me?
There's no evidence for such thing as an intelligent designer for biology. There is evidence that complex biological mechanisms can evolve from simpler mechanisms (bacterial flagella, for example). There's probably a history of mechanisms that evolved into ATP synthase but I've done zero research and can't educate you on that.
Is there any protein more awesome than this?
"Easy to see how this could have evolved gradually over billions of years via subtle changes to pre-existing structures", said no one, ever.
Yes, said some people who understand the intrinsic and fundamental flaw in the notion of intelligent design or creation. And that flaw is....you have to ask, who created the creator? Who designed the designer? And when you go all the way back to the very beginning, the first creator/designer had to have EVOLVED as there was nobody to create or design him. So, evolution must have been the origin of this Creator/Designer. Simple logic gives no other alternative explanation. And by simple logic, if a Creator/Designer could have evolved, so could have any biochemical system that is as complex or less complex than a creator/designer. So we don't NEED to ascribe the evolution of this chemical engine to a mythical intelligence with the ultimate CRISPR setup in his basement.
Every creationist/intelligent design follower was created by the process of evolution.
@@Turboy65 This is how a complete loser thinks this came about on its own by this science...
"And that flaw is....you have to ask, who created the creator?"
The science of a loser.
More science from a loser to explain how we got this design by nature alone...
"Every creationist/intelligent design follower was created by the process of evolution."
And your details to back that up...
(blank)
amazing... but i have question... how do those
ADP know where to go? what make them move?
amazing...why do you copy the same question others have asked? a) to get likes b) Because you think you found a flaw
To aswer your question, the cell is filled with ADP, it's practically everywhere. It fits, there electrostatic interaction so when a molecule passes by it simply binds because it can bind at that position.
@maythesciencebewithyou If he binds. He binds.
-Dolph ATP Lundgren
This animation while good is better understood in another animation from Discovery Science -ATP Synthase: The power plant of the cell.
Best
I wonder how many rpm is this rotation
I'm not sure about F1Fo, but the isolated F1 motor has been observed to rotate ~8,000 rpm
@@StewartLab So that's animation is very slow motion 😁
God is the greatest engineer of all time. ❤
wow
I had someone tell me all these little machines don't have a creator they just came into existence with out intelligence building them...
whats the efficiency of atp synthase? could it evolve to be more efficient?
How did it evolve in the first place?
@@2fast2block no one knows. it seems too complex to evolve from just molecules in water
@@alla-turca Fuck this channel that erases my comments.
Ass bite, such things forming on their own are impossible and losers like you don't change that.
@@2fast2block chill
What's that thing they're all hanging onto?
The inner membrane of the mitochondria. It's a barrier seen from the side
Hello, Hilt's class.
Haha seriously. Yo Hilt was hospitalized about a week after our second midterm this quarter. He hasn't come back, but he's still making our final exam...winter quarter 2017 has it pretty bad.
Oh my goodness, I had no idea! Is he okay?
The Fo motor rotates 120 degrees per proton transferred. This animation doesn't show that correctly.
can anyone explain me how this machines came about? Can anyone explain how theory like natural selection manages to create molecular machines like this? Can anyone explain me how molecules assembled themselves like this for a purpose by chance?
Less sophisticated versions of ATP synthase must have existed. The earliest multicellular organisms began using similar less refined structures for atp synthesis.
Natural selection doesn't assemble anything "for purpose". It only filters out stuff that doesn't work well enough. You only see the tiny sliver that did work better than anything else and reproduced itself everywhere.
@Matthew M It didn't design itself. Unless if by "design" you mean 3.5 billion years long massive trial and error process involving huge number of self-reproducing molecules and chemical processes. It is not impossible, it's just very unlikely. And the space is very vast, so it's bound to happen somewhere. Obviously we are located at the exact spot where it did happen, otherwise we wouldn't be talking about it.
Matthew M You need to read your William Paley and David Hume
@Matthew M You can keep the insults and derision. It won't help you get your point across.
Accusation of religious personification is way off. I'm not assigning intelligent mind to anything except very specific things that can be described as intelligent agents. Generally evolved biolgical organisms, and specifically animals with sufficiently advanced neural network in specific case of having a mind. Meaning they can perceive their environment, build internal model of it, make predictions, plans, and perform complicated actions towards their goals, e.g. survival. The "trial and error" thing is just a metaphor. It's not like molecules decide to try some stuff out and see if it works. The evolutionary process itself doesn't have any properties of mind, intelligence, or intent. Intelligent behavior is the result of it, because things that behave in an intelligent manner with regard to survival survive in greater numbers.
Since we are conscious beings - one of those things that *have* a mind - we observe the universe from our subjective perspective. In every moment of conscious experience we necessarily observe all conditions that lead up to that specific moment. From the most trivial current minutia to the most fundamental stuff. For example for you now being able to read this coment all the events in your past had to have happened, you had to have been born, all your ancestors had to have been born, all events of our evolutionary history (including those molecular machines) and abiogenesis had to have happened, even the physical laws of our local region of spacetime have to be present for all that stuff to have happened. But since you *are* reading this comment in the middle of an infinite universe it's not a surprise that you from your subjective perspective are seeing all the conditions being fulfilled around you. However unlikely the current situation is, you are observing it and therefore all those conditions have to be fulfilled. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropic_principle
In short, it's an observation selection bias. Because you are the result of evolution yourself you only see the stuff that worked and ignore the piles and piles of dead stuff that didn't work (because it's not there anymore). You only see habitable space with favorable conditions, not the huge amount of space which doesn't support life, nor the huge regions of universe which don't allow for any observers of any form to exist at all.
As for nothing becoming something argument, this really depends on proper definition of those words. What you are describing as nothing - i.e. matter not existing - is in fact not nothing. Even if matter wasn't there, there would still be something left. Even if our whole space-time continuum wasn't there, there would still be some things left. There are objects in the universe which exist independently on space and time, such as: the space-time continuum itself, numbers, platonic forms, and other abstract objects. Everything that can exist, exists in the universe. We're just observing the specific part of it which allows for *us* to exist. We just observe it through our senses because we live *in* it, that's why it seems concrete to us.
As for stuff being "created". First, there is a difference between something being "created" by a mindless process, such as water creating a river bed, or catalytic chemical processes creating self-replicating molecules, and something being created by intelligent agent such as an animal building its habitat or human creating a tool. Second, irrespective of this distinction, any creation is always a process happening in space and time. Things can only be created within space and time, meaning in one instant a thing isn't there yet, and in another instant after the creation it is there. This cannot be applied to anything outside of space-time, such as any of those things I mentioned above. They cannot be created or destroyed, and by extension neither can be the universe itself.
LG an meine Istab Kollegen, die sich das für den Test anschauen! :D
to understand this only, it took a person so many years, and the Creator in one instant created everything!
Actually, 6 days.
@@TruthSword7😂💯💯
My dumb ass thinking it was some funky piano vid from the thumbnail
Please stop saying that breaking this bond releases the energy in the bond. It's not true. It takes energy to break a bond. What is released is the difference in the free energy of the ATP and ADP +Pi. Please don't lead people down the wrong path like this. Thank you.
The animation is fabulous, though and up to date! Well done.
shut up nerd, no one cares
@@greg77389 I care, big difference.
What exactly happens when ATP is converted to ADP? Is there kinetic energy? electrostatic repulsion? a flash of light? what is so special about ATP that it is used as practically the only means of transporting energy in the cell?
OMG, I was questioning this since my childhood, like, in chemistry, we were told it takes energy to break the bond and on biology, they told that if you break ATP you'll get energy. It was quite confusing for me then.
:)
delicious
In this atp synthase House "The White French Procincial House". says Its good form and it's an honor to have the pleasure of the doing of service the service of the schdule of this atp synthase structure and function houses private affairs and the sonny to be respectful to honouring my mother and my the doing this for doing for morals or advantages for to keep to oneself to keep to one's manners being viewed in the atp synthase structure and function having a good report card of me.
60kg of ATP everyday? That's hard to believe..
fucking hell
60kg a day. My world view has shifted.
Grüße an BI2
I hope that most of those who commented here are well - versed with science ....anyone can help me to study all biological basic concept ....
UA-cam is the wrong place for that. If you just want the basic concepts then get a decent highschool textbook. Not one from Texas or an Islamic country. Better, get a scientific textbook used by biology undergrads. Campbell biology is a good start.
3:37 cryo-tomography, not chromatography
Quite right you are. Subtitles have been edited
.
What a pity that the sound is accompanied by a persistent low frequency roar.
This is an underwater effect added with Final Cut Pro. We try to use these to add depth to the scene, sorry if it didn't come through that great
2280 wya
I a
God sure is amazing in what He designed to give us life and keep us alive.
Assuming that's how it happened. Perhaps it formed naturally. There are some suggestions on how it might have.
@@robindude8187 You think motors with camshafts form naturally with no designer? Tell that to Ford. They can save money by firing their engineers.
@@TruthSword7
I never said that. There are no 'motors' or 'cam shafts' involved. Those are analogies. As for whichever structure you are discussing (ATP or a flagellum), as I said there are ideas in the scientific community about how it happened. Your incredulity is a fallacy, not an argument.
@@robindude8187 Science is not about "ideas". Science is about what you can test and repeat. Abiogenesis is definitely an "idea", but it's not science. And the idea that this is a motor is not a "metaphor", it's an accurate description of what this device is.
@@robindude8187 "As for whichever structure you are discussing (ATP or a flagellum), as I said there are ideas in the scientific community about how it happened."
And your best idea given...
(blank)
Wow, you sure don't come across too sure of yourself. Come on, give your best idea, we could use the laugh as you pretend to have thought this through. Ken Miller supplied a lot of laughs how flagellum came about so at least he's upfront on what a joke he is.
so.. bacteria has V12 molecular motors xD
Molecules know where to go. They must have a brain and a propeller
No, they have God that designed it.
It's difficult for me to believe that all this complexity isn't by design.
Jesus christ how complex.
and people still believe in the theory of evolution.... how can someone watch this and not see that it is intelligently designed
Simple. We can look at this and realize that a) that isn't _exactly_ what it looks like, but it a fairly decent way to show it so it's easy for our minds to comprehend, b) the 'engine' stuff is all metaphorical to make it easy for our minds to comprehend, and c) there are ideas of how this might have evolved from prior sub-units.
Even if we _didn't_ have any ideas on how it came about, since ATP synthase is present in _the simplest life we know of_ it has _nothing at all_ to do with the Theory of Evolution since that theory _only_ describes what happens _when there is already life around_ and has _nothing_ to say about how life originated. Not knowing and then saying 'see, designer' is called an 'argument from ignorance fallacy'. Your original 'that is impossible' style thought is an 'argument from personal incredulity fallacy'.
@@robindude8187 well i guess im ignorant LOL. How about DNA. It's a written coded language. and language only comes from intelligence. "language is the the jewel in the crown of cognition” -Steven Pinker. he goes onto say Although other species have at least some ability to communicate, none of them have language.
@@robindude8187 1 more thing brother they do look like motors im sure you have seen the flagellum motor under 50,000x + magnification it looks straight up like a electric turbine motor and its actually made up of over 30 parts i believe it rotates at like 10k rpm.
The bacterial flagellum is driven by a rotary engine (Mot complex) made up of protein, located at the flagellum's anchor point on the inner cell membrane. ... The rotor alone can operate at 6,000 to 17,000 rpm- (source Wikipedia)
@@robindude8187 oh i forgot to add brother take 1 of your hairs off your head cut it in half and you can fit 9,000,000 of these flagellum on the cross section of it. Now if you think that all that evolved over millions of years through the process of slow mutations adding new information. ( which we never see in nature we only see a loss of information).. i dont think your ignorant i just think for some reason you refuse to believe that we were designed when the proof is all around you brother...look at the complexity of 1 human cell, look at the Fibonacci number sequence we find all through out nature..EVEN in the curling patterns of waves !! look at how fine turned and balanced our universe is !! there is so much proof brother just open your heart and eyes and look at the all the evidence with out a bias. Luv u brother
@@stateohealth
*How about DNA. It's a written coded language.*
No, it isn't. A 'language' or 'code' has two properties that _do not_ apply to DNA.
Every language and code is 'arbitrary'. That is, it doesn't matter if you call it 'red', 'rouge', 'dearg', 'aka', or 'ula-ula', it all refers to the same thing. The word that refers to the concept or item is arbitrary. You can't do this with DNA, as far as we can tell.
Every language and code is also 'medium independent'. That is, it doesn't matter if it's written in pixels on a screen, drawn in ink on paper, or carved out of stone, 'red' still refers to the same thing and has the same impact on the reader. This, again, isn't true of DNA. Make it out of something _other than_ the four chemicals it's made of and nothing happens.
*they do look like motors im sure you have seen the flagellum motor*
I was talking about the ATP one. I didn't mention the flagellum. I'm not familiar enough with it, and it doesn't much matter since the evolution of the bacterial flagellum has proposed models, all that's needed is testing to see which (if any) apply.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_flagella
*which we never see in nature we only see a loss of information*
Not true. Gene duplication is new information, especially since it can lead to mutation of the duplicate with no loss of original function.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_duplication
*look at the complexity of 1 human cell,*
Complexity is not how we detect 'design'. In fact the way we _do_ detect 'design' _requires_ that all of nature be 'not-designed'. (I can go into more detail if you like.)
Of course, have you ever looked at how _badly designed_ we are as well? Food and air share the same tube, leading to _death_ from choking, semen and urine share the same tube (ew), the vagina is too close to the anus, risking contamination (ew), our upright posture leads to the most common complaint in humans (back pain), our ankles are the only ones in the primate world that get twisted, our feet aren't nearly solid enough to support our upright walking, having evolved from more flexible primate feet.
www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/many-human-ails-are-%E2%80%98scars%E2%80%99-evolution
*look at the Fibonacci number sequence we find all through out nature*
And? The sequence describes an additive increase. That nature happens to work that way doesn't _mean_ anything, and while it's quite frequent it isn't _everywhere._ If you want a truly ubiquitous bit of math, try 'the normal distribution'. Anything that varies naturally follows the bell-curve of the normal distribution. And it _still_ doesn't mean anything that it does so.
*look at how fine turned and balanced our universe is*
Maybe it is, maybe it isn't. There's some reason to think that we may be measuring the same thing in two different ways and being shocked that changing one makes the other not work. A yard is three feet. If you measured a hundred yards, that would be three hundred feet. To make it come out that three hundred feet is a hundred yards, how much could you change the distance of a foot? Practically none. Lots of _other_ values are arbitrary because they include units, and any unit of measure is totally arbitrary, so how much it can vary is _also_ arbitrary.
friendlyatheist.patheos.com/2014/09/09/the-problem-with-the-fine-tuning-argument-an-excerpt-from-victor-stengers-last-book-god-and-the-multiverse/
*look at the all the evidence with out a bias*
Take your own advice. Start with a sound epistemology. Unless something has been demonstrated to exist via either direct observation or predictive model of unseen data, don't accept that it exists. Anything else is an argument from ignorance fallacy. You don't have to accept that it _definitely doesn't_ exist, either, but you should withhold belief. After all, there are an infinite number of mutually exclusive, logically possible things that _might_ be the cause, and without a way to detect them if you start accepting them you end up accepting contradictory possibilities, like two separate 'secret societies' that each one is in sole control of the world's finances. Since two entities cannot _each_ have 'sole control' over the same thing, they cannot both exist. I do not have to know how anything happened to reject your proposal of a god as unfounded.
And of course the first that springs to mind is, that this machinery obviously came about by unguided natural processes
“If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down. " Chuckie D.
This proves there is no such thing as God. It’s way too complex and totally over engineered. Why bother making something as complex as this when, as God, I could make something so much simpler? A design engineer sets out to make something as simple as possible - so either God is a crap engineer or, the complexity arose via statistical, chance evolution.
First truly appreciate how long 4 billion years really is...
To believe this is of purely natural causes takes far more faith than just admitting to the obvious. That we were created.
@@mwils51 4 _billion_ years
God is such a masterful designer. Amen.
Please don't feed him!
Please dont feed yourself! Mathematics is not the answer to life.
It was obviously the cell who designed this ATP synthase.
+Malte Birk
LOL so the cell designed itself? That makes no sense you moron!
AMENNNNNNNNN
And people don’t believe there is a God? If this doesn’t demonstrate the existence of God and His glorious creation, then I don’t know what does!
Losers will make any excuse they can denying God. Those of us who reason and are honest see God's wonderful designs.
It may be saitan , god , alla , kali , ghost etc etc anything , but there is no proof , that credit goes to only god .
Nothing
Hi everyone.If you read this message please read the Holy Quran the direct words and the final message from Almighty God.It will guide you to peace truth and happiness in this world and the afterworld with my lovely wishes
It is a hydrogen powered motor, eeek. Well not by burning hydrogen, by flow of hydrogen protons. So all you hydrogen car enthusiasts don’t get too excited now.
This really stupid: they have to make the graph upside down. normally, I do not know what other people think, I would consider the upper side to be the outside, the downer side to be the inside. but they have to make it reverse to mess around with my head. omg, what a joke. I know there is no absolute right or wrong about this, but there is a preference. I believe mine is the majority, please let me know if you think so too. I cannot stand this outrageous layout!!!!!
(1) Say, "He is Allah, [who is] One, (2) Allah, the Eternal Refuge. (3) He neither begets nor is born, (4) Nor is there to Him any equivalent." Quran Ch.112
Grow up, start questioning the nonsense you have been brought up with, forget the bullshit you believe in and start with a fresh mind, and this time try to put in the effort to understand something, sit on your ass and study a little.