Indo-European words for God - The Meaning of God Through Etymological Exploration
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- Опубліковано 4 кві 2021
- A look at the meaning for words for god or the gods in various Indo-European languages. This is not a comprehensive list of all words, mainly those with cognates in other languages.
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"Grundar, Dark Hollows, Fjeld, Highland Song, " by Alexander Nakarada (www.serpentsoundstudios.com)
"Day, Dungeon," Elder Scrolls V; Skyrim soundtrack, by Jeremy Soule
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There is a very interesting observation here:
The Iranian term for god is "Ahura/Asura" while their term for demon/evil god is "daeva"
The Indian term for god is "deva" while their term for a demon-like being is "asura"
Bronze age Indo-Iranian rivalry ?
Yeah, funny, exactly.. that was the time period when prophet Zoroaster came over as a reformer against the Vedic religion and tradition in that region. Then they made new terminology, changed some meanings to their opposite. A bit later it was a much more neccesary tool as a sovereign general religion to strenghten the power of the Achaemid empire. Just a good example of how the propaganda communication works. That was the same trick as nowadays. People are people, with quite similar intentions trough many millenia.:) Religions always have two aspects: one for the strategic and tactic use for the rulers, and one for a personal and intimate faith for the individual humans. In the second case, no matter how we call the big One. :)
Also the emergence of Zoroastrianism, which preached that there is only one god, and the Hinduism there are many godly aspects behind one godly force.
@@KimKhan lol in Upanishads it clearly mentioned there is one god who is Brahma and gods are human manifestation.
@@arpanmandal7244 ... That's what I said.
@MEDES CORDUES in Vedic Sanskrit, "Veda" is knowledge". In Swedish, I find it interesting, "Veta" is "to know".
Other IE languages: god, theos, deus, xoda, deva, bog...
Old Norse: A S S
Pronounced as: Ows
Aesyr?
Probably from Asatru. Like in Asgard [
So the Norse worshipped ASS...this changes my whole reality.
@@BlackHatTy Some still do 😁
The thing about Baghdad blew my mind. In my language (Bosnian, south Slavic) god is "bog", and to give is "dati", the same as in old Persian. So now I realized that if you pronounce Baghdad just a little differently it sounds like an actual slavic word - Bogdat
Fun fact slavic bog has a cognate with alot of indian languages, bhag, or bhagawan..plus the data is also same dat, det, dun etc meaning given..plus the infinitive form is still written in the -ti form
Dati must be given like in Sanskrit. Devaddhutta the godgiven.
Fan fact: There's one Russian name "Bogdan", which means "some one, who was given by God".
Bagdad is from Old Persian baga dāta
Middle Persian becomes bagdād
Its Means given by god
"All Religions and all Sciences connect themselves with one single science, always hidden from the common herd, and transmitted from age to age, from initiate to initiate, beneath the veil of fables and symbols. It preserves for a world yet to come the secrets of a world that has passed away” - Eliphas Levi
You forgot Romanian Dumnezău/Dumnezeu from latin Domine Deus.
Nu am auzit niciodata de cuvantul "Dumnezau"
@@a.s.7936 Așa se pronunță în unele părți ale țării.
@@stanciuSIE Asan si Petru unde sunt ?
@@etherospike3936 Ies cu ei la o bere acum.
I'm trying to learn Romanian. I think it's the most interesting of the Latin languages :D
Persians 🇮🇷 uses H in place of S in comparison with Sanskrit.
So their Ahura(God), in Sanskrit become Asura(Demon)
Persian pronounce Hindhu river for the Indus Sindhu river
@@AbdulSamad-jw6xq asura doesn't mean demon in vedic language
in Rigveda all the devas such as Agni, Soma, Rudra, Maruts Varuṇa, Mitra, Indra, Parjanya and even the radiant Savitar who hence has the epithet of Deva attached to him always, are addressed as Asura in Rigveda. The asuratvam of devas is lauded over completely with a hymn dedicated to the same.
Let me quantify the asura mentions in Rigveda on the context of Indra.
In 1.174.1, 8.90.6, 10.96.11, 10.99.12, Indra is addressed as asura directly.
Indirect references :
In 10.67, Aṅgirases praising Indra/Bṛhaspati are called asurasya vīrāḥ, the heroes of Asura, where Asura would imply Indra.
In 10.92, Rudra and Maruts, on context of their relation with Indra, are said to be asurasya nīḷayaḥ - the nests of Asura, the Asura again referring to Indra.
Similar indirect reference is there while describing Maruts as asurasya vīrāḥ in 1.122.1. This Asura would be Indra.
In the famous 10.177.1, the Asura’s māyā by which the golden bird is seen by the discerning sages with heart and mind, is referring to Indra’s māyā, or the “thread of Agni”.
Reference to Indra’s asuratva (असुरत्व)
In all of the two mentions outside 3.55 that speaks about asuratvam, in 10.55.4 and 10.99.2, it is about Indra’s asuratva (असुरत्व) that is praised!
Rigveda 2.1.6 calls agni great asura of heaven as rudra.
Do you know that even god Savitar, invoked in the famous Gayatri mantra
(तत्सवितुर्वरेण्यं tat savitur vareniyam) has been called great Asura in rigveda
Rv1.35.7 वि सु॑प॒र्णो अ॒न्तरि॑क्षाण्यख्यद्ग गभी॒रवे॑पा॒ असु॑रः सुनी॒थः ।
Rv1.35.10 हिर॑ण्यहस्तो॒ असु॑रः सुनी॒थः सु॑मृळी॒कः स्ववाँ॑ यात्व॒र्वाङ् ।
asura doesn't mean demon in vedic language
in Rigveda all the devas such as Agni, Soma, Rudra, Maruts Varuṇa, Mitra, Indra, Parjanya and even the radiant Savitar who hence has the epithet of Deva attached to him always, are addressed as Asura in Rigveda. The asuratvam of devas is lauded over completely with a hymn dedicated to the same.
Let me quantify the asura mentions in Rigveda on the context of Indra.
In 1.174.1, 8.90.6, 10.96.11, 10.99.12, Indra is addressed as asura directly.
Indirect references :
In 10.67, Aṅgirases praising Indra/Bṛhaspati are called asurasya vīrāḥ, the heroes of Asura, where Asura would imply Indra.
In 10.92, Rudra and Maruts, on context of their relation with Indra, are said to be asurasya nīḷayaḥ - the nests of Asura, the Asura again referring to Indra.
Similar indirect reference is there while describing Maruts as asurasya vīrāḥ in 1.122.1. This Asura would be Indra.
In the famous 10.177.1, the Asura’s māyā by which the golden bird is seen by the discerning sages with heart and mind, is referring to Indra’s māyā, or the “thread of Agni”.
Reference to Indra’s asuratva (असुरत्व)
In all of the two mentions outside 3.55 that speaks about asuratvam, in 10.55.4 and 10.99.2, it is about Indra’s asuratva (असुरत्व) that is praised!
Rigveda 2.1.6 calls agni great asura of heaven as rudra.
Do you know that even god Savitar, invoked in the famous Gayatri mantra
(तत्सवितुर्वरेण्यं tat savitur vareniyam) has been called great Asura in rigveda
Rv1.35.7 वि सु॑प॒र्णो अ॒न्तरि॑क्षाण्यख्यद्ग गभी॒रवे॑पा॒ असु॑रः सुनी॒थः ।
Rv1.35.10 हिर॑ण्यहस्तो॒ असु॑रः सुनी॒थः सु॑मृळी॒कः स्ववाँ॑ यात्व॒र्वाङ् ।
@@abhinavchauhan7864 In fact, the word asura meant something like leader.
@@srikrishnak196
The word "asura" is actually derived as "asu-ra"
In the Vedic language, "ra" is the personification or specialising element from PIE ros, and occurs as suffix in names, which endorse a particular quality, like Indra, Rudra,
Mitra, Vrtra, and much more.
For example, take Indra. The first part contains the root which means "to grow",
"life" etc; perhaps similar to the reconstructed Proto Indo European *(h)eid - to swell. The same root is responsible for indu, (Vedic soma elixir), which is said in Vedas to create life and immortality and waxen its consumers in strength and might.
Also Rudra derives from "rud" meaning to cry or roar.
(think of rodana, "cry")
Thus, asura derives from "asu".
"asu" means life breath, life or the spirit.
Thus, no wonder it comes as an ancient word for the sustainer God in Vedas.
Rig Veda uses the original word for God, especially for its dearest Indra, Agni, and Varuna. Also, it takes the spiritual quality and life providing quality of all the Gods as "asuratva" (quality of asura).
A famous refrain from a Rig Vedic sukta for end of each stanza, states :
"mahat devAnAm asuratvam ekam"
"Great is the one nature of spirit of the devas"
It should be noted that "asuras" applied to the highest Gods suggests that there was no duality between deva or asura. Of course, asura also had a wider applicability for
all mighty spirits, including the undesirable Vrtra.
Still, the word was not limited to "demons".
It is interesting that Rig Veda has no words specifically for demons.
@@abhinavchauhan7864 How do you know all these things?
Weird that you didn't mention the Lithuanian "Dievas" which is very close to the sanscrit one
Or "Dievs" in latvian.
Lithuanian is the closest to PIE. A PIE reconstructed version will be intelligible to Lithuanian...
Aš =As =me
Indeed the Indo-Aryan family, e.g. in Iran :
A daeva (Avestan: 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬎𐬎𐬀 daēuua, Sanskrit: देव deva) is a Zoroastrian supernatural entity with disagreeable characteristics. In the Gathas, the oldest texts of the Zoroastrian canon, the daevas are "gods that are (to be) rejected". This meaning is - subject to interpretation - perhaps also evident in the Old Persian "daiva inscription" of the 5th century BCE. In the Younger Avesta, the daevas are divinities that promote chaos and disorder. In later tradition and folklore, the dēws (Zoroastrian Middle Persian; New Persian divs) are personifications of every imaginable evil.
Daeva, the Iranian language term, shares the same origin of "Deva" of Indian mythology, later incorporated into Indian religions.
@@arian_daeva god-damn it 😁
The Skyrim music really ties it all together.
Yes!
I thought I was playing too much elder scrolls. Im glad someone else hears it too.
Well, frankly? It destroys the whole content.
@@MickeyMouse-el5bk Things aren't going so well with Minnie, I assume? It's not Lugh's fault your wife is fucking Goofy.
By Azura, I think you´re right!
It's pretty shocking how related the Baltic and Indian languages are
Lithuanian a Baltic Language is said to be the closest language we have to proto indo European today
@@kartikpoojari22 correct, and the second closest languages to Sanskrit after Lithuanian is Serbian/Croatian. I spoke with Sanskrit teacher and he told me that. I can't remember the rest in the list. He also told me that's because Lithuanians and Slavs were part of Skitians and Sarmatians, they are direct successors.
Most Latvians and Lithuanians don't even understand how ancient and epic our languages are.
Is there even enough research about our history.
Indian civilization is very ancient and science and tech, mathematics, astronomy, ayurveda, ship building, making clothes of cotton, muslin, chintz, and silk sarees. All started here. Even the modern toilets came from indus, and also the sampoo🙂. So u can imagine the kind of advanced india was and so we had influence throughout the world which is written in our books, and indians never looted or caused harm to any. Hence adaptation of culturr and food can surely happen
@@mladendjukic1061 Slavs have nothing to do with Sarmatians or Scythians. some Turkic people do.
In Polish:
bogactwo = wealth
bogaty = rich
ubogi = scarce
Ubogi is better translated as "poor". The name of Svarog (svar - light, sky in sanskrit) is probably another good example of scythio-iranian elements in language.
Bhogi and bhakta
Same in Bosnian/Serbian/Croatian
So "bog" is for things related to money
@@maximodubs4189 Wrong. The etymology of the word God in Serbian is: one who gives better than what we have or want. Not in terms of money, but the common good, spiritual and physical health, understanding and love among people.
Armenian pantheon also has a god named Tir. Also "As" makes sense for the norse aswell as they refer to their mythology as "Asatro" - Faith of Asa
Ásatrú - Áss faith
No they don't
@@Texasmade74 what do you mean no they don't, are you an idiot? Tir was the god of scholars, the god of rhetoric and wisdom and in the Armenian pantheon he serves as the messenger for Aramazd which is the leading deity.
Modern Armenian word for "God" is "Astvats". So we see the "As" suffix even there. Tvats means "given".
very interesting video!
Thanks.
@420rgb2 2 They're great! I' just found Fortress of Lugh but have been watching Survive the Jive and his channel does indeed rock.
Could one say that Europeans are all essentially the same peoples every ancient group I've looked have alot of connection celts viking germanic they all seem to be one people just slightly different names for the same gods
Asura in Sanskrit to Aswang in the Philippines 🇵🇭 and Deva to Diwata or Diwa from Hindu-Buddhist concepts.
It's also similarly in Bengali. Deva is Debota.
Sanskrit it's the language spoken by Indians ?
@@erenjaeger734 india have many languages and doesn't have a national language, English is de facto official language.
Dravidian languages are the oldest language family of indian subcontinent, sanskrit is part of Indo-Aryan family and came a lot later that why u see the comparison of it to Germanic and other indo European languages.
And sanskrit is like old English, u might read it as a subject just to pass but it doesn't have any other purpose.
Asura are devil's or demon like creatures and dwell in underworld.
Do they doesn't mean devas(which mean god's)
That sounds like the Japanese-Buddhist god of war Ashura, that's so fascinating
Would you be able to address the Baltic languages as well? We grew up learning in school for the connections to PIE and Sankrit but it was never further explored. Word for God is Dievas in Lithuanian still :D
Pasiklausyk Aivaro Lileikos,daug kas paaiškės😉
And it is also very similar in Latvian - 'Dievs'
@@janisblumfelds7695 ***** Even in some modern Indian languages the numbers 1 through 10 are nearly the same as in Latvian and Lithuanian ! And a lot of others can still be recognized ...
Asuras were the people who promoted monotheism and Devas were the people who promoted polytheism. Baltic was populated by Bhagwan Balram. I might be wrong
@@vve2059 Hercules is based off of Lord Balarāma (and Lord Krishna), they both have the exact same portrayals and very similar myths
Your documentaries are so far the best ones I found on UA-cam and are highly informative. I could watch your videos all day without interruption. Thank you for all the work put into them and for delivering such great research for a wide audience. I am a new subscriber to your channel and definitely a new fan of yours.
the slavic god Perun sounds like the Sanskrit Varun.
There's a lot of other similarities.
Roman god Uranus also.
@@knowledgedesk1653 Ouranos = Varuṇa
Varun>Svarun>Svarga>Svarog
Perun from Per-Struck.....in this case with thunder
I've been interested in this subject for decades. Thank you for doing good research! So many you tube channels don't do good research lately.
Thanks for the video!
Indian Myth and Middle Easter are connected history. In Indian mythology, where good rule was established, people worshipped Devas, and where competing evil forces ruled, Ashura aka Ahura were worshipped but there were many noble rulers among Asura/Ahura too who are mentioned in Indian scriptures many of which are lost and some remain.
Ahura is the Asura of Sanskrit. But the whole of Middle East is not Indo Aryan but Semitic. Baal or El or Elohim is the word for God.
@Mr Jesus all of them still either say Allah or some other type of name for god in their language. But I’m sure Allah is used most in the Middle East, which just means “The God” even Arab Christians and Jews say Allah, or in Hebrew Elohim which has the same roots.
@@Monyato Allāh is different from Allah bro.. the name of Isl'amic god is Allāh [ ٱللَّهُ ] and the title used by non-Mus'lims is Allah [ الله ] ❕❕
Isl'amic god Allāh once had 3 daughters and had family relationships with Jinns according to Mushriks & Qureshy religion ❗❗
ASHUR KURDISH😍☀✌LOVE KURDISTAN
Abhrahamic myths are great
Man you are crazy! You talked about Lombardic, the language of my ancestors. It's the first time I find a video so accurated, and a video that mentions Lombardic
Old Chinese obviously also had interactions with Indo-European speakers and borrowed this word into the Chinese language. The PIE etymology for god is *dyeu or *dyéws, which meant bright, and to shine. In OC, words like 昭 (*taw), 照 (*taw-s), and 朝 (*taw) all meant bright, to shine, or morning light.
Dorud from Persia. Nice job indeed
My main area of study happened to be Celtic Linguistics, and I picked up a few insights into wider linguistics during and since. Your etymological analyses are excellent - there are very few I could even say 'likely, but debatable' about. (Such as there were, you said it yourself). This was really first-rate, and deals with a highly-neglected area of the subject. Great work, and very ably presented. Thank you.
(taranis) was the Celtic god of rain, storms, thunder, and fertility, (tupana) and the god of thunder in the Amerindian Tupi-Guarani language of Brazil
Yes! It's so rare on UA-cam videos to have such cautions. To my mind, it makes the presentation more trustworthy.
Slavic name Bogdan has exactly the same meaning as the name of town Bagdad. the Persian opposits Bhaga and Deva has equivalent in Slavic Bog and div, like in old Polish Dziw meant some dark creature and now means weardo
perhaps the English/Latin Daemon or Demon has the same origin as Div-Deva
Yes,but that is the result of indo-european cognates and not loanwords as the channel's owner suggests
Baghdād is Bhagdāt in Sanskrit, your Bogdan is like our Bhagwān
It's like indian "bhagwan"
@@topg2820 It's also quite similar to the name of king Bhagadatta in Mahabharata
Your work on this topic is pure excellence. I am not even sure you realize how good this is, thank you sir!
I love videos like this. Thanks for clearing up my misunderstanding in associating God with good. And the choice of Xenogears music is so appropriate here.
Yeah the xenogears music was perfect
A couple of interesting facts: in (middle) persian dey means also god, which is also the name of one of the months in persian calender. Also the most common word for god is khoda, which I think is obviously from the same root as god. Also in some iranian dialects like Bakhtiari dialect, gothan means to say, which I found interestingly similar to what was in the video for godan (sorry I don't have the alphabet that you used in my keyboard). This is Goftan as infinitive and gou as imperative in modern persian which is still similar enough to be from the same root.
actually khoda is short for khod-avand aka "self made" as in that god doesnt have parents and was the first being
This is my favorite channel of all times
"Bog" is a borrowed word in Slavic languages indeed. But there was a native word "div" which is now gone but not forgotten. In Russian we still have words related to it:
Divo - a miracle
Divny - wonderful
Udivlyat - to astonish
Div is giant in Croatian
@@Ivan-hb3co Oh, that's so interesting! It has very much a similar connotation in Persian. If you read the Shahnameh (Book of Kings) it is full various types of Deev, which are maleficent beings with supernatural powers and larger than human proportions.
Dziwny means weird in Polish (dziwo means wonder but is not as commonly used)
@@suikafan12In Poland we had other Indo-European etymologies for god occupied by the actual deities. We had the goddess of nature Dziewanna, in Chronicles also called as Devana or even Diana. In skies there was Jesza, Jessa [Yessa] - bright god what is a cognate of Celtic Essus or Nordic Assir, he was also compared to the Jupiter.
BTW. Generally the topic of the West Slavic deities is lesser known. Rodnovery hate it, as I tried to talk to several of them: "some alien Christian scribbler creations". Even publications are contradictory, especially in the topic of deities not fitting to the Slavic Kievian pantheon.
@@Ivan-hb3co And "divan" (just like its Russian cognate) means "wonderful" .
That Skyrim soundtrack never does get old. Great video!
Fantastic! Well done! Loved it!
I've got one for you... I studied Aztec (Nahuatl) while living in Coahuila and points south. The word for god is "teo", surprisingly like Spanish annd Latin. The folklore my tutor shared is that gold and silver are, respectively, teo+cuitla and ixtla+teo+cuitla, where ixtla is white, teo is an adjective, and cuitla is excrement. My tutor seemed aware if these words' structures, as I render it here.
BTW, kudos for the Slavic info.
I am glad i finally come across that comment. Do you know from your studies where the nahuatl word came from? Ive been wondering for years how come that such a particular meaning could have the same word in both indoeuropean and mesoamerican
This is astonishing,because in ancient Mycenae,in Greece(1600BC-1100BC)was also Teo!
I love this, thanks for including the Gaelic words which is normally overlooked, I don't know why it is, but it is what it is, thanks this is a brilliant, informative , interesting and well made
To be honest, This Video was so informative and correct. Thank you so much
brilliant, thanks for sharing your knowledge ❤🐺
03:34 oh, yes, this is god
✨ASS✨
So Aesthetic
In Roman language was it is Gad and in the English it is God as simple as that.
@@mikhailjoshuapahuyo1431 So Assthetic
Very interesting, thx for the video! Extra props for the use of a Skyrim track as background music :)
Only recently found your channel. You're hittin' 'em outa the ball park. Thx.
Sanskrit Varuna is cognate with Roman/Greek Uranus/Ouranos.
Bhaga is one of adithyas, yes bhaga means giver and what is given is bhagya
Asura not necessarily mean demon or demonic, asuras are brothers of devas just like daithya (similar to Giants)
There are some good asuras and bad asuras
Sura and asura are based on sura Pana (who got elixir during churning of milk ocean) those who got sura became sura and who were denied became asura
I believe that our indo European family is because of saptha rishis, most of South Asians are of marichi (kashyapa), brighu, pulatsya and athri progeny, I believe that Greeks are also of athri progeny, rest of European carry similarities of angira progeny
*does not necessarily mean
We are much more connected than Christian's want us to believe
Dātā means giver, given
All the Gotras are found in India
@@topg2820 just 1000 years ago people in today's Afghanistan, Pakistan and part of Iran were used to identify gothras with them but not now and you know the reason
I wasn't aware Día can mean day in Gaelic. Very curious. In Spanish and Portuguese the word for day is also Día/Dia. In Portuguese the word for God is 'Deus'. The only language besides Latin itself that still uses this form of the word, as far as I'm aware. Great video.
Well, technically spanish is latin based but it has many influences from celtiberians, north african arabic,etc...
Día only means god in gaelic the word for day is lath or lá (pronounced the same) . Día is pronounced some thing like jee-a
In Albanian Dia means Knowledge, dita means day
Cool vid, I like the linguistic ones, thanks man.
Video mentioned Celtic word Guth which means to speak, in Kurdish culture we have a dialect which has retained really old words and the word for speak is Gath, there is also the ancient Zoroastrian Gathas which are a series of prayers/words directly from Ahura Mazda himself in the Avesta.
We also use Bag/Beg for Lord which actually means ‘God’. However the most common word we use to refer to God now is Xu-Da pronounced Khoo-Daa. This word originated from Xu meaning Great or Good and Da meaning Given.
The word celt comes from the ancient Greek koine word Keltoi , meaning barberian. Their true name was Cymri or cimmerian peoples who originated from the mountains of northern Iran. They migrated to Thrace and Troy and spread out through Europe, also some migrated as far as India. They were the grey eyes peoples. ? ?
Can you please tell me more about this archaic Kurdish dialect? I’ve never heard of it, and I want to know how it differs from majority Kurdish, and majority Kurdish words, too
@@vincent12.
You can put the Kurdish linguistic situation two ways:
1)
2 languages:
Gathide Kurdish with 3 dialects: SK (Southern Kurdish), CK (Central Kurdish), NK (Northern Kurdish)
Rhagaean Kurdish with 2 dialects: EK, WK
The dialects have subdialects as listed below.
2)
2 groups of languages:
Gathide with 3 languages: SK, CK, NK
Rhagaean with 2 languages: EK, WK
The languages have dialects as listed below.
SK = Southern Kurdish = Gurani
CK = Central Kurdish = Sorani
NK = Northern Kurdish = Kurmanji
EK = Eastern Kurdish = Hawrami
WK = Western Kurdish = Kirdki (zazaki)
Dialects/Subdialects:
SK: Gurani, Elami, Bajalani, Laki, Pahlayi, Shexbizeni, Xanaqini, Garrusi, Kulyayi, Badrayi, Xizili
CK: Sorani/Hawlleri, Mukriyani, Babani/Silemaniyi, Jafi, Ardalani, [Astanehi]
NK: Badini, Afrini, Botani-Jiziri, Sarhadi-Bazidi, Marashi, Bojnurdi, Anatolyayi Navandi, [Astanehi]
EK: Hawramani Taxti, Hawramani Luhoni, Zardayi, Gawrajuyi, Daftari (old written tongue), Bajalani (Musili/Naynawayi), Karkuki
WK: Kirdki, Kirmanjki, Dimili
Since you can very much say that NK, CK and SK are one language and the same for WK and EK, option 1) is what one should go for.
The language that I speak of is called Hawramani and SK.
Tyr might have been more important and more venerated in the past than we currently think of. In general in Norse mythology, like in other pantheons, the hierarchy of the gods changed with time and between people, as most of these pantheons consisted of multiple gods who were first local before intermingled in bigger lore. Tyr might have been THE god and more of a wodan/odin-like figure at a certain point and place in history, explaining the name.
Bro, so damn pumped to watch this! Everything PIE, everything Linguistic...everything you do is GOLD
This is fascinating. Thank you.
In 6:42 dia means day in Portuguese, and is pronounced exactly like this (deea for European Portuguese and Jeea for Brazilian Portuguese)
Ps: God in Portuguese is Deus
Same in Spanish
@@Yumao420 In italian there is the word "dì" even if the word "giorno" is more commonly used. All evolved from latin "dies" ("giorno" evolved from the correlated latin adjective "diurno" which means "of daytime")
@@malarobo diurno in Spanish means "belonging to/related to the day (day refering to the contrary of night, not to the full 24 hours cicle)"
@@Yumao420 same in italian (and latin)
In bengali dia means light (usually a candle/oil lamp), diba/din means day.
I love etymology thanks so much !
I was once told, "english is chimera tongue" 💘
I've always loved etymology my whole life. I've studied word origins in dictionaries and other books for decades and written down so many notes I've got enough to write my own books -- if I could only focus on doing so....
@@atheodorasurname6936 I know I love it too. I have done tons of research on where slang expressions such as 'kick the bucket ' and other ones come from. I would write a book on that but it's probably already been done a hundred times lol
@@KC-qb6oi Slang and all sorts of jargons and dialects are fascinating because new words are constantly being coined, old words change meanings or quit being popular and fall out of use, and slang words that only youths or minority ethnic groups use climb the ladder of success and become colloquial in the middle class or even to the heights of "respectable" standard written English. Each word has its own special history and cultural traits. I love studying archaic, dialectal, obsolete, and rare words. I'm also very interested in alliterative words and rhyming words with related etymologies or meanings or both, such as gleam/glimmer/glisten/glitter, stand/stay/stop, bright/light, and curl/swirl/twirl/whirl. I went thru dictionaries and compiled a long list of such words.
Me too
Words/names and their derivations are so important, thank you
Very interesting. We are taught that all comes from Rome, but the foundation and struts are Aryan. From Germany to Iran, Aryan.
North india as well
@@williamdallas4947 i have also found evidence in America, Australia and pacific Islands. They seem to have been everywhere. Keep thinking for yourself, God bless you.
All came from Korean tribes. Korean language is the oldest one. Aryans was one of the korean tribes, came from Siberia, probably 20-30 000 y.ago. Korean tribes were the thirst tribes after ice age flood. That what genetics said. English “god” came from Korean “gut” - rite of passage in shamanism, as Russian “bog” from Korean “bu”- wealth, that didn’t mean money, but - good wife, family.
Whats The link betwen Germany AND Persia ?
Lmao you forgot the most important - India
Interesting. God in Armenian is “asstvats” which is similar to old Norse but a bit longer. What is the connection with the words like “astronomy”? In Armenian, the word for star is “astkh”. The Scandinavian name Astrid means something like heaven and beauty.
Star and your astkh is from Greek 'Asteriya' from the Persian 'sitārā' ultimately from Sanskrit 'Stṛ'
Ást in old norse is love. Ríð is riding.
@Artena Zagros is that you Lesya? What happened to your insta page?
You should be part of the home-schooling network. I would have savoured this scholarship when I was a child as I do now as an adult. Thank you !
I'm using this site as one of homeschool tools already.
Watching this short video is like going to a party, finding some delicious hors d'oeuvres to eat, they're all too quickly gone, and i'm hungry for more!
In Persian among many words to denote God, the most common word for God is "Xoda" pronounced like god in Dutch , which I personally believe must have derived from the root" * (X/G /Z)eu- "meaning"" good " e.g. God, Zeus, Xoda..etc.
Isn't it Khuda خدا?
@@shaheenakhter9975 " X " is used in the phonetic symbols to designate the sound of " kh " , one needs to bear in mind that " X" originally in the Greek alphabet sounds like " kh" ., moreover In Persian Xoda is pronounced with " -o-" whereas in India-Pakistan it might be pronouced with "-u-" which is the wrong pronounciation.
@@majidbineshgar7156 Thanks for the reply but our pronunciation isn't really wrong. Given that we were one of the Biggest Regions with Persian as State and Literary Language. So yes, you can call it a difference of accent but not an error of pronunciation.
@@shaheenakhter9975 I am sorry I did not mean to offend anyone , yes words may be pronounced differently according to various regional pronounciations which is the case within Iran as well , nevertheless one could enquire as to how a Persian word must originally have been pronounced based on the extant reliable literary materials such as Sháhnámé .
In india it is pronounced as khuda. Most of the urdu was made by people who want to speak persian(national language of india at that time) but still retaining regional language. So many such concoctions were made
I found the Gaelic word for underworld deities being "Ande" or un-God very interesting. It occurs to me that in Welsh mythology, the main otheroworld/underworld is called "Annwfn" which seems to translate to Un-Deep. Does this confirm (unsurpringingly) that the Welsh and Irish had similar conceptions of their underworld Gods? Can we discern anything about the nature of Annwfn from this?
Strange, because in Nordic languages we have the Ande*/Ånd*, which is the spirit or of the spirit world.
In Tamil we say Aandavan
So many videos on the PIE’s say the same thing, but this, THIS! Is everything I didn’t know I wanted to know!
Not in your description but you used the music of the game Xenogears for like 5 sec and I just wanted to say it's really fitting for the theme of this video, considering what the game is about.
Xweda (Khoda) in kurdish, some claims says it is Xwe (self) and Da (gave) means Who gave soul to himself.
what about "Zot" in Albanian?
That the scandinavians called God "Ass" tells us they had a rather relaxed relationship to the supernatural.
Except it would be “Æs”.
Whereas the Old Norse word for “ass” as in your butt was/is “Ars”.
"Áss" was the singular term for the Æsir who were one tribe of gods in the norse pagan religion. It was not the name used for the christian god.
It was joke.
Cool channel. I'm from North Africa and have always been interested in our connection to the Celtic traditions of Europe? There are many similarities in culture that I have never heard an explanation for. I assume because we allied with Northern and Central Europeans against Rome in Punic wars, and there were Libyan shields found in Switzerland from that time. Also the Vandals inhabited Tunisia... But thats all I can think of and I believe the connection is probably more ancient than either of the two events.
Beauty & Honor Salem, I'm also from North Africa living in Switzerland, I won't appreciate more information about the Libyan shields found in Switzerland, thank you
@@phierdling9144 There's a book called "Hannibal" by Theodore Aryult Dodge (A high ranking Commander from the American civil war, and a well respected military historian). In the book he gives very detailed overview of the Punic wars and the time surrounding them. There were Cartheginian (Tunis today) and Libyan designs on shields found in some villages between the Rhone and the Alps. The local people had preserved them so it indicated that they were held in importance, as a symbol of their friendship with the North Africans that came with Hannibal.. The arrival of Hannibal was the reason for a lot of their victories against Rome and Hannibal was the reason for one of the Germanic lineages continuing because he mended discord between two brothers from this nobility of the Germanic tribes.. You can find that book on Amazon or Audible
@@phierdling9144 By the way I realized that Amazigh (North Africans) came from Iberian Celts of Spain and Levantines from Sham (Palestine, Syria etc) and they became one race because they were blocked from others by the Mediterranean sea and the Sahara so they became the Amazigh people, according to geneologists this happened around 12000-15000 years ago.. That's why we have Celtic mounds in North Africa. Like the Shrine of Jugurtha looks exactly like Shrines from Ireland to their Nobles.. So that's why we share some ancient culture
The most epic musical intro to the subject
X
I love your video! I will need to mention one thing though. In Romania the term for day is "ziua" and the term for a god is "zeu" which resemble the dia - dyewos relation. The term for Zeus (Theos in greek) and Deus in latin indicate that the "Th" is equal to "D" and to "Z". It is a normal evolution in language as you can find with many words like for example Walhaz that changes to Gaul or Gaulois. Or Dahae changing to Sachae. Food for thought. Thank you!
Admit it.
You chuckled when you saw Áss
Yes I did
We all did
Ah I see, you're a man of culture as well
A curious story here, I once went with a TV team to cover a race in Texas, on the team was a naive cameraman who did not understand a single English word and was really afraid to go abroad for the first time (we are from Brazil ). When we arrived at the race site, everyone went to their posts and hours later we went to lunch and met again. The cameraman had somehow managed to communicate with someone and the subject had been religion, he was horrified by something he had learned ... "Here in this country they worship a deity called God!" ... I explained that God is the name "Deus" in English
Hahaha what did he respond to that?
@@91rumpnisse Good question! I remember he was paralyzed for a moment trying to process that information and all the implications it brought. It was a shock for the poor man, I think the biggest one must have been to find out that the Bible was not written in Portuguese! 😂😂
Bagatsing ,a Filipino-Hindu family originally Bhaga Singh means Lion of God in Sanskrit
In Albanian we call God either: Zot or Perëndi.
Or we call god “ At”. Which also means father.
Also Hyj or Hyjni, meaning The Divine One.
Zot [ Ze+At] Father's voice
As a Greek I always thought the word “God” (Theos) derived from the Olympian god Zeus who was also called Dias.
I mean Deus, Dios, Dia are all used by countries that were formerly influenced by the Romans.
Since Hellenic culture was widespread throughout Europe and the Middle East the influence of the polytheistic faith might have remained in the form of words with similar etymology.
is (xoda) in iranic laguages and (god) in germanic languages from same root?
@@7mad211 no khoda comes from khod-avand (self became/made)
The thing with "Baghdad" Irak captal, is interesting to me as a person speaking a slavic language (Croatian) as "Bagha Data" (If thats spelled correctly) in the middle Persian sounds a lot similar to modern day Croatian and im sure many other slavic languages: "bogu data" Witch also means "God given" .... That is all very interesting to say the least.
Bhaga Data was a character in Mahabharat, Indian historical text.
@@AnimeCritical Yes. Heard this in Nilesh Oak's video. Do you watch his videos too?
@@ahARNISHEE_K nilesh oak is great, and i have read mahabharat too.
@@AnimeCritical baghdad = bhagwan and dan..... Given by god
@@shirokun4742 no dude.
The name of the chief Roman god Jupiter comes from two words "deus pater" -the father-god."Deus" is essentially the same word as the Greek god "zeus."
Very likely. Zeus pater. Jupiter.
It is also a fifth planet.
😂😂 greek do not call god zeus do not lie the only albanians call zeus god
@@kastriotelaago7158 Ancient Greeks did!
You sound very much like the UA-camr 'Chiron Last' both of you are very well spoken and versed in etymological studies.
He might be well spoken, but he is not good. He didnt even mention the word ZOT/god in shqip/albanian.
WONDERFUL CONTENT AND VERY DEEP RESEARCH...MY SINCERE RESPECTS...
Your use of the blessed music is perfect.
So, Baghdad and Bogdan essentially mean the same thing? Fascinating
Bhagwan in Hindi means God... that word changed into Baghdad, since there different pronunciation .. which changed further till it reached Europe...
@@singhs2817 Stop running around into every thread writing silly things. It's like someone just learning basic linear equations insisting on "educating" experts in Geometric Algebra. Please just stop for your own reputation's sake. baghdad is from old persian bagadaata and later parthian baqadaad, both with the exact same etymology as given by the video author. As provided by author and attested in old persian inscriptions, "baga" is the generic name for god in old iranic languages. That word is derived from a verb whose offsprings in modern persian are as follows: baxt (fortune, share), baxshudan (to forgive), baaxtan (to loose), baaj (tax). Also check (modern persian): daadan (to give), daade (given). Old persian does NOT come from vedic language. Vedic language is from a time when it had separated from iranian (or iranic) for several centuries. The first known iranic language is known as Gathic Avestan (as opposed to Younger Avestan which is a much younger language) and it is contemporary to Vedic language.
Yes-Baghdad from Bagdad,Bagdat,Bakdat...Bak-Bag-Bog.
In the case of city Baghdad ... Bak is Nimrod-NiBrod-NeBrod on Serbian.
Historical figure,Bak was founder of Baghdad.
@@singhs2817 nahi bhai, Baghdād will be Bhagdāt (God's gift/God given) in Sanskrit, Bhagwān means God
@@SuperMan-vd5fn problem?
It's interesting that Bog is the name for God and in Ireland Kings who had failed their people were thrown into a bog as a sacrifice.
Thats an easy instant sub. thank you very much.
Excellent video thank you
There is maybe a connection with the common root ten/tan/tien/tian in Asia, meaning heaven/sky/god, Chinese: tiān (天), Japanese: tenshi (天使), Mongolian: tengri/tenger (Тэнгэр), Turkish: tanrı, Hungarian: isten.
Yes I have read that study. Very interesting and I will probably do a video on it in the future, along with some videos on Taoism, Confucianism and local Chinese religions and gods as well as Shinto.
@@FortressofLugh Wow, thank you for you kind (and unexpected!) reply! I didn't know that you're interested and apparently well versed in non-European cultures, a pleasant surprise! Your plans for future videos sound really interesting, I love European mythology and PIE, but only recently I started appreciating other ancient cultures!
Sumerian: Dingir
tirki maagoli🤣
ASHURI SUMARE KURDSH😌☀✌
In old Russian - Ukrainian-Belorussian pagan pantheon, there was a clan of gods called something similar to deva.
Some Vedic people migrated to West Asia and established the Mittani empire. It is possible some precursors of Vedic people migrated to Russia and Ukraine as well.
@@heatengine9283 They are originally from the steppes of Russia and Ukraine.
@@horouathos8199 I was talking about the Vedic people. There was no Vedas before India.
Ofcourse, if you go back long enough then all of us came from Africa, so that's not the point.
@veryserioz en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peterburgian_Vedism
@veryserioz Possible. Vedic people of India were very influential indeed.
In Irish, telephone is sometimes translated into i.e. an apparatus transmitting a voice (guth). But of course Scots gaelic originates from old-Irish and hence it also subsequently uses Guth for voice.
Amazing video!
Goes for the detail of coloring basque and breton, really defined borders of transnistria, old dialects on the british isles, as well as many other regions with a few thousands of speakers or less...
Encompasses the portuguese nation of 10 million speakers in the map as a spanish speaking country.
Right...
I live in Carlisle in England. Literally 'The Fortress of Lugh'.
Fantastic video!
Brilliant! Excellent! Thank you!
The ancient persian word for god was actually baga which is very close to slavic bog!
In an ancient script we see the following: Baga vazarka Ahura Mazda haya, This translates to: The great god is Ahura Mazda
Ahura Mazda which literally means The Lord of Wisdom is actually the name of the god of the then new zoroastrian religion.
Persians used to make flower gardens dedicated to God and call them Bagastan or land of god. In present persian we call a garden bagh!
I thought Ahura meant light?
@@bigfel3240 No, Ahura signifies Lord or God. He goes over that in the video. It's cognate with the Sanskrit Asura. There's a theory that there was theological split between the groups of Aryans and reversal of roles between Ahura/Asura and Daeva/Deva characters, while they were still in Central Asia, before migrating to the Iranian Plateau and Indian Subcontinent. So in modern Iranian languages, Deev means demon or devil, whereas Deva in Indic languages signifies God. And the opposite is true for Ahura/Asura.
That's an interesting theory about the word Bagh (garden). I hadn't heard that before. But it makes sense since we have other similarly structured words that mean garden like Golestan (place of flowers) and Boustan (place of smells).
In Croatian "stan" means apartment.
Behistun (from Behistun Inscription) is actually Bagastan too
There's also a weird early connection with the Uralic languages and PIE: In Finnish the word "Taivas" means just sky, which is obviously derived from the same root as Sanskrit dyā́us, or Baltic deiwas.
While the word for "god" in Finnish is "jumala," from earlier form "juma". The source of the loan is considered to be the PIE word * dyumā́n, from which the word dyumā́n ‘bright, brilliant, fine’ has developed into Sanskrit. In the language of the Vedic texts, or the oldest texts in Sanskrit, the adjective dyumā́n describes the god Indra.
Also woth noting as a curiosity the name of Indra's three pronged weapon is called Vajra and the word for hammer in Finnish is Vasara (as in vasara-kirves kulttuuri = battle-axe culture)
Again, Hungarian doesn't even fit into the group of Uralic languages.
@@accaeffe8032 it does
Considering the sheer amount of words the Uralic languages borrowed from IE and Proto-Germanic, it almost seems like the Uralic speakers were cavemen when they first encountered the Indo-Europeans. Essentially all the words in Finnish having to do with permanent settlements, governing, religion, trade, etc. Anything above the level of hunter-gathering, really, was borrowed. I'm not trying to disrespect the people of Uralic descent in any way, I just find it staggering just how large the portion of words within Uralic languages are descended from Indo-European
@veryserioz I really can't see any similarities.
I was so surprised by the Skyrim soundtrack used in the backround music!
I'm going to have to come back to this one. This is so cool! Today I discovered a new, awesome channel.
And you have a new subscriber.
The ancient Thracians who were in the Balkans brought gods such as Ra and Horus to Egypt. In the Bulgarian language there are many words such as Hora (means people) and horo (means dance in which people hold hands and play in a circle). When the Bulgarians go into battle, they shout - with the god forward or Urra (the Thracian variant). This means ur-forward ra-god - with god forward. The Russians say with us-god.
Interesting... I looked up Hooray which is old English chant. Etymologists claim it comes from "hurrah"/Huzza from german, Danish, Swedish. Points out that it was the chant of Prussian Soldiers in the early 1800s. Maybe it goes back to the hurrians/hittites...even prior to thracians.
In Persian language of Iran the word KHODA means god, and Div means the evil God ( in old Persian ).
In sanskrit dev means God and asura means demon
Only in middle and modern Iranian language, in old Persian it is Ahura.
@@looolllll6378 dev is similar to (devil) in english and other germanic languages so both iranic and germanic languages call (dev) a demon
Suprisingly, the PIE root word for Jupiter is present unaltered in Sanskrit as 'Dyaus Pitr' which means Sky Father.
You have very dissent pronunciation. Respect.
In Hungarian there are two words for God: Isten and Ur.the latter may have originated from the ancient Sumerian city named Ur. There are numerous Sumerian words in common with Hungarian.
Hungarian is not an Indo-European language, same with Finnish, Estonian, basque etc
We know that it is different, and that's why I made my comment, to show the difference between Hungarian and the Indo-European languages.
@dimensional X so, that seems to mean the Indo Europeans are linguistically and genetically related to gypsies.
There is also word Dits in Armenian, the word Diutsazn means from the nation/family of Gods
I would have loved it if you showed the/a map all the time so I can better see where the word comes from. Also I would have loved it if you let the words you are speaking of on the screen a bit longer. Also I don't wanna see generic pictures of the sky or something like that. Like half the time you did it very very good!
Great Presentation!
I remember reading that "Gada" refered to the club and thunder.
Not unusual to assume that ancient peoples or uneducated people would associate certain wonders of nature with gods or at least superior beings.
For more than 50 years there has been an ongoing effort to present ancient Vaisnava beliefs in a way that catches up with more modern and common beliefs regarding God. The Vaisnava beliefs are usually very popular with the Hindu following.
For instance, the "summum bonum" was Latin for the superior human being. This may relate to how upper class Romans started comparing themselves to the gods. The Vaisnava following has sometimes borrowed "summum bonum" to compare with their various incarnations or manifestations of God.
Loved this one. Sounds like me talking to meself, but with a different dialect, in Statenislandese dat is & stuff like dat.
And a wee bit faster.
My mother was a native Iar Connaught Irish speaker. She pronounced the Irish ‘hello’ or “Dia Duit” (God to you) as GeeAh GahWitch.
I think she once pronounced Dagda as Jag(a)Jah or similar enough that YVWH of Jehovah popped into me mind, what’s left of it.
She pronounced the name Gerard, one of the Duffy boys around the corner as ‘Garage’ , pardon my French, despite many attempts at correcting her; & the seaweed snack, Dulse, as Gillis.
I axed my 1st grade nun when we did the jayz of de week:
“Sista. Watt about Chooseday?”
and after the laughter died down I was told I talk funny.”
On Rig & Reg & Ard Ri & Art & King & Conn & Khan agus I could go on & on, but Aye won’t.
So ‘guard’, ‘ward’ & guardian?
The ‘g’ in gall and gaul & the ‘w’ in wall and Wallis for foreigner por ejample, are interchangeable
So the Loaf Ward guarded the Baker’s dozen & was or got the 13th loaf, I guess being a god ward was lazy work, lol. A lazy loafer.
So the Watchers were Bread Cops, lol? And the Druids were Oak Wards and very groogey for their Age?
O’Kay I’ll stop here. All de Best.
I'm giggling and grinning the entire time reading this! Growing up anywhere there are clutches of older cultures and diversity blended within a larger fabric of language, there are peculiarities to be cherished and relished. I tell folks that I'm multi lingual! I speak Southern, "White and Black" Southern, Backwoods, Country.. & a dab of good Olde Fashioned English, too!
Thanks for sharing your mom's little linguistic treasures. My sweet momma was an English teacher.. so things were pretty straight laced around our house. She was quite the character. Never really stopped being a teacher, regardless of how old she got or whatever else she had been doing.
Thanks so much for sharing.
Blessings!
🍃💛🍃
Good work. There is a blind spot in a lot of research, it's the Turkish peninsula and caucuses region. These cultures have more to do with European cultural backgrounds than is given credit for.
Yes, this is true, especially for the Caucasus. There were a lot of words I didn't cover to keep the video length a bit lower but I will do something more totalizing in the future
You're absolutely right. Only scholars have access to extinct Hittite, Mittani, and Anatolian Languages such as Luwic, Luwian, Lydian, etc (it's a long list). For us the non-scholars we get the second hand knowledge which can be highly questionable at times. As for the Caucasus languages, one of most diverse areas in the world, what always fascinated me is that, thanks to the mountains, how they managed to avoid the Indo-European invasion (until the Russians, Ossetians don't count since they're a non-imperial small group). And yes there was a life before the Yamnaya expansion in Europe, Anatolia, and Iran but most of this knowledge is lost especially in Europe. I'm always amazed how little Europeans know about their non-Yamnaya past and languages since writing had not been invented. Other than Basque and Etruscans almost nothing is known about non-Yamnaya Europeans (maybe other than the regional accents they left behind).
@@hurguler language spoken by the Mitanni was Sanskrit
@@topg2820 Mitanni was related to either Indo-Iranian or Indo-Aryan. It's safe to say that Mitanni and Sanskrit descended from a common ancestor.
@@hurguler Mitanni is the name of the people not their language, and yes, they spoke Vedic Sanskrit, it's well known
Your description of Oss as a name for God in England, reminded me of the Cornish folk festival of Obby Oss held every May day in the town of padstow Cornwall. At the end of the festivities the Oss dies, only to be reborn on the next Mayday the following year.
Did you unlist/delete an old video called "How the Gods Act"? I really enjoyed it and can't seem to find it now.
I deleted a bunch of older stuff largely because I think the quality was really low and I don't want to put off new subscribers. I will cover similar ideas in future videos.
Excellent channel. Your video about Apollon is also great. By the way, in Portuguese God is DEUS, just like in latin.
Amazing how the 3rd most spoken language of the Western World was ignored.
@@IapetusRetroStuff 🤣🤣🤣 Sometimes our mind is not as bright as we are.