Photosynthesis: The Light Reactions and The Calvin Cycle

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  • Опубліковано 7 сер 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 141

  • @BOGObiology
    @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +6

    Detailed Photosynthesis study guide available for download here! etsy.me/2M9R8ak Use the code UA-cam for a discount!

    • @LittleMotivationer
      @LittleMotivationer 3 роки тому

      You explain so good but still make very few videos in a whole year

  • @the81kid
    @the81kid 4 роки тому +46

    It makes me a little sad that I'm a poor student unable to contribute, when I see really hard work and good teaching from someone I'll never meet or be able to say thank you to in person. I really appreciate this presentation! You seem to be a really good teacher, and good teachers are quite rare. I'm finding respiration and photosynthesis harder than all the other topics in biology. Is this common or is it just me? In any case, I hope you're having a great week for making these really good presentations!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +23

      Hi there! Thanks so much for taking the time to write such a kind note! It was my pleasure to make the video; youtube wasn't really a thing yet back when I was staggering under the weight of organic chem, advanced neurobiology etc in undergrad and I wish this sort of thing had been available. My goal has always been to make the resources I wish had existed back then. As for photosynthesis and respiration; you're right. They're complicated and just about everyone struggles with them at some point. The important thing is to do just what you already did; seek out sources that make sense to you to get a better foundational understanding. Then, go back to your textbook/whatever resources your school provided, and try to build that information onto the foundation. Look for key terms that keep popping up in both places, processes, molecules and concepts that are repeats, etc. And be sure to take notes in a way that works for you; your classmate or your professor's style might not be it. (And if a professor tells you that "drawing isn't a good way to take notes" tell them to please shove it) Sending love and best wishes from Boston!
      -BOGO

    • @the81kid
      @the81kid 4 роки тому +4

      @@BOGObiology
      Thanks for the reply, and you're very welcome! Our textbook is usually relatively good (I think it's called Pearson's Biology Fundamentals, I seem to have different versions with different names), but the chapters on respiration and photosynthesis don't show how it everything fits together very well. Some things are really not clear. Your video's the clearest, while still being detailed, I've found! You made a logical progression from each point to the next, and made sure everything fit together logically into a big picture. You'd be surprised how rare that is! Thanks for the notes and study advice. Learning is definitely a skill too. I have about 7 weeks to study for some pretty big exams, and videos like yours really do help. Hope all's well in Boston. Best wishes from Madrid, Spain (I'm actually from the UK originally, but for the moment living in Spain).

    • @smallsir7306
      @smallsir7306 2 роки тому +2

      @@BOGObiology Wow, you really have a golden heart. I mean you are full of love.

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  2 роки тому

      @@smallsir7306 Thank you!

  • @ashvathsingh1411
    @ashvathsingh1411 4 роки тому +18

    As a civil engineer trying to understand photosynthesis, I couldn't have found a better resource. Incredibly done! Thank you so much

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +1

      Thanks, Ashvatch! I'm so happy it was useful, I put a lot of work into it! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @billiestump6056
    @billiestump6056 2 роки тому +8

    please never stop making these videos. Of all the videos I've watched I understand this one the most, I am a very "look and explain with pictures" kind of person, so the drawings and the way you explain photosynthesis make it easier to understand, I'm about to take a test and this was very helpful. On to cellular respiration!

    • @Open299
      @Open299 Рік тому

      Absolutely 👍🏻

  • @mmmecho
    @mmmecho 2 роки тому +3

    I love it! The accounting is easy to see and the steps are easy to grasp. Wonderfully done, thanks.

  • @Vu799
    @Vu799 4 роки тому +11

    One of the best explanations I've found, thank you! Especially loved the NADP dump track comparison

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +3

      Thanks! My students actually came up with the NADPH-dump truck analogy; I'd originally compared it to a backpack, but they liked having the items be visible in the bed of the truck and then have the bed be empty on the return trip. Way better than my original idea. Sending best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @mattmorrissette7762
    @mattmorrissette7762 Рік тому +1

    Great video! I am a high school and junior college biology teacher. I loved the images and diagrams. I have been using the analogy of NADP+ being an empty bus for many years. My students seem to remember it more, since it rhymes. NADP+ is the empty bus, NADPH is the bus filled with high energy electrons.

  • @Playgrl966
    @Playgrl966 4 роки тому +3

    i just want to let you know that you are the only way i'm learning from my botany class!
    thank you, and i love you!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +2

      Thanks, Play! Glad to hear the video was helpful but I'm sorry your botany class isn't covering the content in a way that works for you! Stop by any time. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @ishmum_ashraf
    @ishmum_ashraf 7 місяців тому

    The best video regarding Photosynthesis I've ever seen.
    Thank you very much for your effort.

  • @sunnyysoprano
    @sunnyysoprano Рік тому

    Thank you so much for you videos! I have my basic horticulture midterm coming up and you are such a big help w/ studying

  • @DrorProductiones
    @DrorProductiones 3 роки тому +1

    This video is amazing... I spent hours in order to learn this topic and now I see you video and think to myself "I could have done it in 13 miniutes"

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому

      Glad it was helpful! I had fun making it. Sending love from Boston! -BOGO

  • @natre4879
    @natre4879 2 роки тому +1

    I wish all my subjects had a teacher like you! thank you very much!

  • @user-mv9bi2hl4j
    @user-mv9bi2hl4j 10 місяців тому

    These notes are wonderful! Really helped me understand so much better! Please keep doing this!

  • @mayamazing
    @mayamazing 2 роки тому +1

    This is such an amazing discussion!

  • @lisazerhat5900
    @lisazerhat5900 Рік тому

    I'm a French student in biology and I have an exam tomorrow, I just wanted to tell you that your videos are so much easier to understand than my lessons, in French... I'm not fluent in English, but it was enough for me to understand everything (I've loved the story about the truck haha).
    Thank you for these videos, I'll talk about these with my French classmates!!
    have a great day, love from Paris!

  • @ihsanullah4825
    @ihsanullah4825 11 місяців тому

    I am just so impressed by seeing such amazing notes!!!
    It helps me a lot in the biology of high school. Keep up the good work!👍👍

  • @georgeafoakwah6885
    @georgeafoakwah6885 3 роки тому

    PGAL get crazy made my day. Good stuff. I really hope this channel takes off because you're doing phenomenal work.

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому

      Thanks, George! I used to say "get freaky", which my students thought was funny, but the administration didn't ; ) Thanks for taking the time to say hello, and I'm sending you love and best wishes from Boston -BOGO

  • @hillaryreed9389
    @hillaryreed9389 2 роки тому +1

    I don't typically leave video comments - but WOW! This was such an incredible video description of photosynthesis. This process makes so much more sense now, and I loved how you made the process easier to remember with examples such as the dump truck. I am taking Cell Biology at my university and this description has helped tremendously with that class. Thank you so much for all of the time and effort you put into this video. This college student is SO GRATEFUL!!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  2 роки тому

      Thanks very much for such a thoughtful comment, Hillary! Glad to hear the video was helpful. Please feel free to forward it to your classmates; if you found it helpful they may as well and college is all about sharing tips, tricks and resources. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @valroe7034
    @valroe7034 5 років тому +2

    THIS IS AN AMAZING LESSON. thankyou sooo much for your time.

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      Thanks, Val! I'm so glad you found it helpful! I've been meaning to do a new photosynthesis vide for a year. Do you have suggestions for other topics? Take care! -BOGO

  • @jamillemikeesadiwa7537
    @jamillemikeesadiwa7537 3 роки тому +1

    your channel is so underrated. it is easy to understand and it helps me a lot for my quiz bee tomorrow. your vids are on different languages too. I know this channel will be a hit someday.

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому

      I appreciate that, Jamille! Thanks for stopping by; sending love from Boston!

  • @cjliwanag4116
    @cjliwanag4116 3 роки тому +3

    Please continue making videos. This helped me a lot! ❤️Thank youuu

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому

      Glad to hear it, CJ! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @dipanjanjana5468
    @dipanjanjana5468 4 роки тому +1

    It's the best photosynthesis video for building a strong concept....THANK U MA'AM Love from INDIA.

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому

      Thanks so much, Dipanjan! I'm so happy it was helpful; I enjoyed making it! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @panaiworth6593
    @panaiworth6593 5 місяців тому

    Awesome explanation!!! Way better than my professor and extremely clearer than the book! Thank you!! I purchased the notes as well!

  • @miseonbang6948
    @miseonbang6948 Рік тому

    Thank you. It is helping me out a lot. Clear and easy to understand.

  • @ashusingh6813
    @ashusingh6813 4 роки тому +2

    It’s awesome the way you try to teach
    Really it comes from the heart

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому

      Thanks, Ashu! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @Cartoonicals
    @Cartoonicals 5 років тому +3

    Currently in 1st master biochemistry (uni) and watched this as a quick recap, helpfull and nicely drawn!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      Thanks, Arthur! Glad to hear it was useful! Currently working on an updated one for cellular respiration in a similar style. It includes similar diagrams plus a couple well-placed poop jokes haha. Sending best wishes from Boston, USA! -BOGO

  • @griezaapao7383
    @griezaapao7383 2 роки тому

    the best explanation of all, thank you so much.

  • @kolyajaronholland5001
    @kolyajaronholland5001 Рік тому

    This was very well done and understandable great job.

  • @oldgirlog05
    @oldgirlog05 Рік тому

    Very helpful video that I ever watched based on photosynthesis part. What a wonderful teacher you are, I love it ❤. Thank you very much, theruwan saranai.

  • @estherriley6879
    @estherriley6879 3 роки тому +3

    Thank you so much for these videos! I have a test tomorrow and have found it hard to study just with my teacher’s notes and the textbook. This is very helpful!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому

      You're so welcome, Esther! I literally *just* finished splitting this video into chapters about 10 minutes ago, so I hope that helps you navigate to the content you need and skip over the rest. If you could forward the video to any of your classmates who might find it useful, I'd sure appreciate it. Sending love and best wishes from Boston and I hope you crush your exam tomorrow! Love, BOGO

    • @estherriley6879
      @estherriley6879 3 роки тому

      @@BOGObiology Already shared! Yeah I noticed that it was split up when I came back to revisit stuff but I didn’t think it was before!

  • @user-zj9sy6mg4q
    @user-zj9sy6mg4q 3 роки тому +1

    The best video explaining of photosynthesis I have ever seen

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому

      Thanks! Glad you like it. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @anastasya7696
    @anastasya7696 5 років тому +3

    i have an exam ahead. and your video help me a lot to understand the material. i proud of my self finding up your great channel. keep the good work :)

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      Thanks, Anastasya! Wishing you luck on your exam from Boston! -BOGO

  • @savannahweaver6729
    @savannahweaver6729 5 років тому +5

    I wish all your videos had these fantastic worksheets!!!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      Thanks, Savannah! I'm working on it! I'm so glad the worksheet was helpful; I'm hoping to release worksheets with every future video and also to (eventually) work through many previous videos to create supplementary materials. It's just very time consuming!!! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      Also! Please let me know if there are particular videos where you think it'd be most useful to have worksheets!

    • @savannahweaver6729
      @savannahweaver6729 5 років тому

      BOGObiology yes! Respiration especially since it’s just as complicated!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому +1

      @@savannahweaver6729 Oh, PERFECT! That's actually my next video that I'm working on right now. I'm planning to co-release the video with a set of guided notes, similar to what I did for photosynthesis. I posted a couple of "drafts" on instagram, definitely check those out!

  • @jordankleintrombone
    @jordankleintrombone 2 роки тому +1

    I was falling asleep in class when I watched this and rewatching it now with my full focus, it is so easy to understand LMAO

  • @smallsir7306
    @smallsir7306 2 роки тому

    I don't know if good can best describe this content, this is more than good, it's best. Just a small correction, the process and diagrams got complex but you forgot to mention that you were going to break it down and simplify it to such an extent that even an elementary kid was going to understand. As I did rewatch and drew the diagrams every piece connected. You are really good. This is one of the best video I have ever watched. I am likely to have a 100% in my botany test tomorrow and all credit goes to you. Thank you so much.

  • @ROMASPOGLIATA
    @ROMASPOGLIATA Рік тому

    Bogo-notes are GREAT!

  • @haley_castle5265
    @haley_castle5265 5 років тому +2

    these videos are so helpful!!! Thank you

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      Thanks, Haley! So glad they're helpful! Please forward them to your classmates! Sending you best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @EuphoniaPooch
    @EuphoniaPooch 5 років тому +1

    These notes look awesome. This would be a great tool for my professor instead of the sleep inducing lectures he gives

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      Thanks, Euphonia! So happy to hear the materials are useful! What class are you taking and do you have suggestions for other videos? I'm always looking for input! -BOGO

    • @EuphoniaPooch
      @EuphoniaPooch 5 років тому

      @@BOGObiology Well, they LOOK useful and I may suggest to my Prof that he take a look at them. The class is BIO1111: Introduction to Biology. The unit we're finishing is Energy, Respiration, Photosynthesis. Up next is DNA, Inheritance and Biotechnology. I think it's just really standard stuff. I will let you know if anything seems to warrant one of your helpful videos. Thanks for your work on these.

  • @benzcruzada1844
    @benzcruzada1844 4 місяці тому

    Thank you so much for this one.

  • @estergjoka4268
    @estergjoka4268 4 роки тому +1

    This video was wonderful!! Hope you make other videos , for example : explaining how heart works, or another organ!!! I really hope you make other videos where you explain such hard processes!! Thank you so much for your effort and for the willpower and passion!! Love u!!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +2

      Thanks, Ester! I used to have a video up about the chambers, vessels and nodes of the heart, but it was very sloppy because I made it quickly in between classes, so I took it down. You've inspired me to re-make it! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

    • @estergjoka4268
      @estergjoka4268 4 роки тому

      BOGObiology happy for u❣️❣️

  • @ellazarafa8461
    @ellazarafa8461 3 роки тому +1

    Wow thankyouuu subscription done for sure!!

  • @theanioutlet6728
    @theanioutlet6728 4 роки тому +1

    It was superrrrrrr insightful, thanks so much!!!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +1

      You're so welcome! Glad it was useful. Sending best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @Vimalathasan
    @Vimalathasan 3 місяці тому

    Very useful ❤ Thank you so much 🎉

  • @poojasuwasiya3547
    @poojasuwasiya3547 4 роки тому +1

    Beautifully explained 👌👌.Very helpful

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому

      Thanks, Pooja! Glad it was helpful! Please share with your classmates; if you found the video useful, they probably will, too! Sending love and best wishes from Boston -BOGO

  • @KhanTalha
    @KhanTalha 3 роки тому +1

    Thats great!

  • @vedikabhatt2875
    @vedikabhatt2875 2 роки тому

    Wow you make it soo clear ...really appreciate ❣🥰

  • @hayat711
    @hayat711 4 роки тому +1

    Very well explained!!!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому

      Thanks, Lap! Glad it was useful! Feel free to forward to your classmates; if you found it useful they probably will, too. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @GlidyBun
    @GlidyBun 2 роки тому

    Studying for my biology finals in two weeks this was a lifesaver.

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  2 роки тому +1

      So happy it was helpful, Zenyatta! And I'm impressed that you're preparing two weeks out; so many folks wait until the night before haha. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @_birdy_3800
    @_birdy_3800 5 років тому +4

    These videos are great, thank you so much for making them :)

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому +1

      Thanks, Birdy! I always "complain" about how long it takes to make them, but I totally love all the drawing and diagramming and explaining ; ). Please forward this to any of your classmates who might fight it useful; if you thought it was helpful, they likely will, too. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

    • @militpatel4309
      @militpatel4309 5 років тому +1

      @@BOGObiology You draw all of this, I thought it was just a nice font!

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому +1

      @@militpatel4309 Yup! The lettering and diagrams are all hand-drawn. Well, "hand drawn" with a stylus on an iPad that is.

    • @militpatel4309
      @militpatel4309 5 років тому

      @@BOGObiology That is really impressive :)

  • @mohammadbilalminhas5515
    @mohammadbilalminhas5515 2 роки тому +1

    thanks so much for teaching. really helpful

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  2 роки тому

      You're very welcome, Mohammad!

  • @bendavies9461
    @bendavies9461 5 років тому +1

    Great videos!:)

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      Thanks, Ben! Sending you best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @devansh.p
    @devansh.p 4 роки тому +1

    What can I see!! Just amazing❤🙏 I am a under grad student preparing for my competitive examination. I was really confused between the linking of light reaction to dark reaction but not from now😂❤ I can just THANK YOU FOR SUCH COMMENDABLE WORK ❤ LOVED THE VIDEO VERY MUCH!! ❤❤❤

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +1

      Thanks, Devansh! I'm so glad it was helpful. Hopefully you're safe wherever you are! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

    • @devansh.p
      @devansh.p 4 роки тому

      @@BOGObiology Sending good vibes from INDIA LOVE LOVE❤

  • @zssenzuki570
    @zssenzuki570 3 роки тому +1

    OH MY GOD, you are saved me, I'm a french studente, and this part I don't understand. I've a evaluation at 16P.M.
    Thank you so much, your explainte is easy and understanding.

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому +1

      Salut ZS, je suis très heureux que la vidéo ait été utile!! Bisous, BOGO

  • @ameriCAN_Dude
    @ameriCAN_Dude 2 роки тому +1

    Thank You for doing the videos. I need all the help I can get...lol

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  2 роки тому

      You're not alone, trust me! 29,000 other people have visited this video thinking the same thing. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @affupix5574
    @affupix5574 5 років тому +1

    wonderful, thankyou so much !! :)

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      You're so welcome! Glad you found it useful! Please share it with your classmates; if you thought it was helpful, they probably will, too! Sending you love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @Open299
    @Open299 Рік тому

    Please upload more content related to botany.. so amazing and logical your way of explanation ❣️🙌🏻💯

  • @WildGamez
    @WildGamez 2 роки тому

    Mad. Evolution made this possible.

  • @janetjoy4132
    @janetjoy4132 4 роки тому +1

    Great video! ♥️

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому

      Thanks, Janet! Please share with your classmates; if you found it useful they probably would, too! Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

    • @janetjoy4132
      @janetjoy4132 4 роки тому

      @@BOGObiology I'd definitely do that! Your videos are really amazing and so easy to understand😘 kudos to all the efforts u put in, it can b clearly seen in your videos😍

  • @AleezaFatima-cf4kq
    @AleezaFatima-cf4kq 6 місяців тому

    i watched about fifteen videos on this topic but after watching this one i didnt feel any need to proceed to another

  • @mrdarkmagic666
    @mrdarkmagic666 5 років тому +1

    I wish you were my biochemistry professor!

  • @jitendrakrful
    @jitendrakrful 4 роки тому +1

    U are insane man
    Amazing

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому +1

      Haha thanks, Jitendra! Sending love and best wishes from Boston!

  • @user-lu8ms8ui2f
    @user-lu8ms8ui2f 9 місяців тому

    superbbbbbbbbbb
    💫💫💫💫💫💫💫

  • @vannanilavan1927
    @vannanilavan1927 4 роки тому +1

    Awesome

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому

      Thanks, Vanna! Glad you found it useful, I had fun making it. Sending love and best wishes from Boston! -BOGO

  • @gaspardlemay
    @gaspardlemay 4 роки тому

    thanks a lot

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  4 роки тому

      Thanks, Gaspard! Stay safe out there, please! -BOGO

  • @militpatel4309
    @militpatel4309 5 років тому +1

    I like the idea of study guides, do you do videos on Honors Chemistry? Or AP Chemistry?

  • @reemhusseini1685
    @reemhusseini1685 3 роки тому

    thats amazing thanks alottttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому

      You're so welcome! It was my pleasure. Sending love from Boston! -BOGO

  • @Jeff-zc6rr
    @Jeff-zc6rr Місяць тому

    where does the breakup of water occur? in psii?

  • @pedrobalau9811
    @pedrobalau9811 Рік тому

    Finally understood it

  • @parmvirsingh6195
    @parmvirsingh6195 5 років тому +2

    Wow great

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому +1

      Thanks, Parmvir! I put a TON of time into making it, and I'm so glad you like it! Please share with classmates, if you think they'd find it helpful! Take care! -BOGO

  • @anaulloa3282
    @anaulloa3282 2 роки тому +1

    Thanks

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  2 роки тому

      You're welcome, Ana! Glad it was helpful

  • @meghatayalusgpublicrelatio7101
    @meghatayalusgpublicrelatio7101 3 роки тому

    thanks a lotttttttttt

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому

      Glad it was helpful, Megha! Sending love from Boston! -BOGO

  • @arnepetric7333
    @arnepetric7333 Рік тому

    in sane
    🥰

  • @mohansirchemistry6439
    @mohansirchemistry6439 5 років тому +1

    Keep it up make more videos 😃

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  5 років тому

      I'm working on a new one as we speak!

  • @arocks1234567
    @arocks1234567 3 роки тому +2

    i love you

    • @BOGObiology
      @BOGObiology  3 роки тому +1

      Haha thanks, Noor! Sending love back from Boston! -BOGO

  • @marvinjendreck4820
    @marvinjendreck4820 2 роки тому

    Good video, but actually ATP is not an reactant (ingredient) of photosynthesis... it´s Hydrogen, Carbon dioxide and sunlight that gets traped by the chlorophyll.

  • @utsabbhanja0193
    @utsabbhanja0193 2 роки тому

    and I accidentally found a gem❤

  • @Jeff-zc6rr
    @Jeff-zc6rr Місяць тому

    I've watched almost every single photosynthesis video and NO ONE explains where the first RuBP comes from. No one realizes that this creates a chicken and egg problem.

  • @thomaswieser6991
    @thomaswieser6991 2 місяці тому

    But WHO created all these OPTİMAL and PURPOSEFUL functions ???? Cf spider silk, giraffe necks, smart OCTOPUSSES !!!!

  • @aineahobed200
    @aineahobed200 Рік тому

    T

  • @Jeff-zc6rr
    @Jeff-zc6rr Місяць тому

    exhuasted electron? geez... please use real scientific terms.