Photosynthesis - Light Dependent Reactions and the Calvin Cycle
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- Опубліковано 6 чер 2024
- This biology video tutorial provides a basic introduction into photosynthesis - the process by which plants use energy from sunlight to convert Carbon Dioxide and Water into Oxygen gas and sugars such as Glucose. Photosynthesis can be broken into two stages: The light dependent reactions and the light independent reactions also known as the Calvin Cycle or dark reactions. In the light dependent reactions, Water is oxidized into Oxygen gas by Photosystem II which transports the electrons in through the electron transport chain inside the thylakoid membrane eventually producing high energy molecules like ATP and NADPH. ATP is produced by the enzyme ATP Synthase in a process called Chemiosmosis very similar to cellular respiration. The Calvin Cycle takes in CO2, ATP, and NADPH to produce G3P which is later used to make sugars like Glucose and Fructose.
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I don't think the video said this (at least I didn't catch it), but during the conversion of the 5G3P back into 3RuBP, it requires the usage of 3ATP -> 3ADP to receive the phosphate group - this is what makes the net count 9 ATP and not 6 ATP.
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Please note that on the last part it should be 12 Nadp+ instead of 6. Thanks for the video.
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Hey i have a question! You say NADP is reduced into NADP+. Wouldn't that be oxidation since your losing an electron?
In the electron transport chain it takes two H2O to produce 2NADPH, but in the Calvin cycle it requires 12 NADPH. If it takes one water to make one NADPH why doesn't the formula call for 12H2O? What happened to the other 6 H2O?
For anyone stumbling about with this specific part; it's 9 ATP/ADP in the summary due to 6 ATP/ADP forming during reduction and 3 ATP/ADP during regeneration.
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So, 3 molecules of CO2 go in at the same time? Or is it one at a time? My notes say that it’s takes 6 turns of the cycle to make 2 G3P-> 1 glucose molecule.
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