Making sense of string theory | Brian Greene
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- Опубліковано 22 кві 2008
- www.ted.com In clear, nontechnical language, string theorist Brian Greene explains how our understanding of the universe has evolved from Einstein's notions of gravity and space-time to superstring theory, where minuscule strands of energy vibrating in 11 dimensions create every particle and force in the universe. (This mind-bending theory may soon be put to the test at the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva).
TEDTalks is a daily video podcast of the best talks and performances from the TED Conference, where the world's leading thinkers and doers give the talk of their lives in 18 minutes. TED stands for Technology, Entertainment, Design, and TEDTalks cover these topics as well as science, business, development and the arts. Closed captions and translated subtitles in a variety of languages are now available on TED.com, at www.ted.com/translate.
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I have a lot of respect for this guy. His ability to explain things in a way that allows you to really understand and not seem so abstract is a sign of true intelligence I think.. his books are even better
The books by Brian Greene
Madeline Monahan The Elegant Universe
my life i am any thing see ok mr
The Fabric of the Cosmos
I'm reading the elegant Universe by him, absolutely fantastic in every way.
The signature of a good teacher is his/her ability to explain very well what he is teaching. Brian Greene has that signature!
Einstein was a known weasel. Greene is knowingly and deceitfully lying about physics. WHY E=MC2 IS NECESSARILY F=MA (ON BALANCE), AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity AS SPACE ON BALANCE:
TIME DILATION ULTIMATELY proves ON BALANCE that E=MC2 IS F=ma, as ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. The stars AND PLANETS are POINTS in the night sky. TIME is NECESSARILY possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE, AS E=mc2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Hence, the Earth AND the Sun are CLEARLY E=MC2 AND F=ma IN BALANCE. (The sky is blue, AND the Earth is ALSO BLUE.) A PHOTON may be placed at the center of WHAT IS THE SUN (as A POINT, of course), AS the reduction of SPACE is offset by (or BALANCED with) the speed of light (c); AS E=MC2 IS F=MA !!!; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. BALANCE and completeness go hand in hand. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense. GRAVITATIONAL force/ENERGY IS proportional to (or BALANCED with/as) inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=MC2 IS F=ma; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. ("Mass"/ENERGY IS GRAVITY. ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity !!!) Gravity/acceleration involves BALANCED inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE, AS E=mC2 IS F=ma IN BALANCE !!!; AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. (Energy has/involves GRAVITY, AND ENERGY has/involves inertia/INERTIAL RESISTANCE.) E=mC2 IS F=ma. This NECESSARILY represents, INVOLVES, AND DESCRIBES what is possible/potential AND actual IN BALANCE, AS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy is gravity. Gravity IS ELECTROMAGNETISM/energy. Great !!! Again, BALANCE AND completeness go hand in hand. It ALL CLEARLY makes perfect sense.
By Frank DiMeglio
I think Brian's ability to communicate such concepts is awesome.
Great speaker and his book "The Elegant Universe" is legendary.
This man communicates complex concepts with remarkable clarity!
Marcela K. Preininger It's funny, I was thinking the same thing. He must've memorized his speech and practiced several times. I also noticed that he told a few jokes that the audience didn't get. After a while he started having to explain his jokes. I guess they were too intrigued by his demonstration.
+Carnelle Reynolds absolutely - they have only 17 minutes for the talk. its the elevator pitch for string theory. mr. greene, i'm sure, has given this talk many times. it may be a subset of the 'elegant universe' material that brian did for nova.
+Marcela K. Preininger Made me think of this quote Albert Einstein - 'If you can't explain it to a six year old, you don't understand it yourself.'
+Marcela K. Preininger Brian Greene has written several books on string theory and his exceptional talent as a communicator brings string theory to everyone.....although an understanding of a little quantum theory and General relativity help!
The LHC is just about to wind up to full power of about 14 TeV ( Terra electron volts ) and at these energies we may see some of it disappear into the hidden dimensions.
Brain Greene is actually misleading people. He was time & again asked to read the link www.linkedin.com/pulse/adopted-paradigm-physics-incorrect-shafiq-khan?trk=pulse_spock-articles before he talks about physics in any forum.
Einstein was the greatest scientific trickster ever. Theories of relativity lead to Big Bang Theory whereas under Big Bang paradigm there is absolutely no possibility of existence of God for following reasons.
1. Philosophically for existence; it has to be some substance (visible, invisible, perceivable or not perceivable) and this applies to God also. Substances occupy space but there is absolutely no space for God to exist at the time of Big Bang & before.
2. Four things come out of Big Bang namely space, time, matter & light/radiation. We cannot look for eternal God in space & time as both had the beginning; secondly humans are in a position to produce all types of light/radiation and something which humans can produce could not be the God and since matter is made up of electrons, protons & neutrons these too could not be the God.
However Big Bang Theory including Cosmic Inflation has been mathematically, theoretically & experimentally proved as baseless in the published paper "Experimental & Theoretical Evidences of Fallacy of Space-time Concept and Actual State of Existence of the Physical Universe" which is available at the journal site at indjst.org/index.php/indjst/issue/view/2885.
Fast forward 15 years and still nothing, jury is still out.
Just us the update?
Could they have withheld their findings?
PowerStrokePepe probably
Dyzo. Why would they do that?
Yeah CERN found absolutely no proof of extra dimensions or supersymmetry. Two String Theory failures.
I've watched many videos on string theory but this is the first time I think I've grasped it. This guy is an excellent communicator.
He's such a good writer; I had no idea he was also such a good speaker. Best of luck to those guys. Whether you think string theory is a valid enterprise or not, someone has to prove it either way, which is what they're doing. If they're right... what a discovery. If they're wrong... what a discovery.
superstringcheese I
A bit like proving god does or doesn’t exist do you think
There is a principle of science that it is impossible to prove that something does not exist. Even finding an alternative theory, and being to prove it, does not prove the non-existence, or total error of the previous theory.
@@nealW2904 To me, a lot of this stuff is like searching for a god. It has the same sort of endlessness to it....and the same problem that you can't prove the lack of something.
555
Sometimes when I start to think I'm really smart I like to watch stuff like this to keep my ego grounded.
Laughing at this at 4am.
I can only show two dimensions on the screen but some of you guys will fix that some day :)
Hehe, in some sense, Brian Greene is the Steve Jobs of physics. :D
Best comment of the day 😎🏆👍
holograms?
ua-cam.com/video/-EA2FQXs4dw/v-deo.html
You are welcome 2019yr
Brian Greene is my favorite, love to listen him, and he always demonstrate thing visually.Easy to learn from him. Very educational.
Brian Greene is the total package.
He’s a brilliant mathmatician,theorist,physicist,cosmologist,scientist all with the ability to explain things that would be otherwise impossible to understand. I remember watching “the elegant universe “ as a kid and being blown away.
The best explanation of string theory ever ❤️
This is a fantastic summary of his book: "The elegant universe"
Greene 💰 is knowingly and deceitfully lying about physics.
Excellent. Very easy to understand with his perfect delivery.
I can keep listening to him forever without getting tired of it and still understand all of it
I Didn't Know I'd End Up Watching Full Video... Amazing explanation
that always happen with "TED"
same
but many newer ones are boring in comparison with this
Akbar Raza Syed
This
was
newdhia hassen is that fucking guy who plays
Brian Greene is really an amazing teacher
I'm grateful for his talks, because his books are over my head.
amazing presentation, so helpful to non-physicists like me trying to understand - up to a point- how this world functions beyond the obvious. thanks.
Thank you for sharing this awesome info. Not an area of my interest originally, BUT I've felt that there are more dimensions than we initially see, and so it is most satisfying to get this information clarified it actually makes it easier even on a spiritual level. Thank you very much.
... yrs ...
GOD BLESS EVERYONE BLESS EVERYTHING ALWAYS AMEN*XOX*the ROCK OF PHAGES ...
11 years on from this video, and the Large Hadron Collider has been in use for years. As yet, I'm seeing good results (the Higgs boson), but I'm not seeing any major announcements about other dimensions or about string theory. I appreciate this guy's ability to teach with clarity, but I don't see us closer to a theory of everything.
I get the impression that the right theory is simple, right in front of us, and when we finally see it, we will say "of course".
You may know they are proposing a more massive collider in the order of 100 kms around so that higher energies can be produced to make more energetic collisions. If built it could possibly provide the evidence. Question is will 100 kms do it or 1,000 ...
Still after almost 2 decades, the best string theory Beautifully explained by Dr. Brian Greene
I really have no words.. this is amazing ! I'm really looking forward for the results
Thank you , great video.😊
I've used DMT several times and I'm almost positive what I experienced under its effects were these extra dimensions. In fact the visual aspects were very similar to what he showed in this video, particularly how the dimensions effect the strings. Cool stuff.
dmt users lmao
Nice to hear, but don't touch this Stuff anymore please, Ok?! 😂😂😂
Its going to be a breakthrough when we prove the existence of other dimensions with particle collision and converge the ideas and theories of every scientific genius. To know we are one collision away just makes it that more exciting . We found the higgs boson particle now onward to the graviton !! Love this TED talk btw !! Very smart man.
The world needs people like him
Pure Brilliance Dr Green!!!, perfect 👌
Every word is of importance. Great speech.
I'm visual. That rendering of the warping of space causing gravity made a big difference... but the ANTS made it really happen . I love this man. I love his passion! He is very clear and enjoyable to listen to. I finally understand some of this!!
Dr. Greene at my college regarding String Theory & gravitational waves, phenomenal lecturer
Very interesting.
Apart from the physics - your English is exceptional good. I would like to see your video-clips used in school in my (Germany) country.
Well...English is his first/main language. It would be rather disconcerting if he didn't speak it well.
@@1BeGe I find his precise elaborations very comprehensive.
Love this channel, amazing ability of people who can explain complex simply!
Wao! All the learning years... I was never ready for that! Excellent delivery ! Thanks!
I think Ant-Man actually showed the Calabi-Yau Manifolds in the last "subatomic" scene
Now it's 10 years after his explanation ! Is any proofs we got from the HLC machine?
And what happens if we apply gravitational waves into string theory?
Many thanks for you Mr.Brian Greene . It is the best lecture ever made by a scientist about extra dimensions and String Theory in this century , very compelling comprehensive an clear Thank you
He is excellent at communicating and passionate. I could listen to him for hours.
And be no smarter at the end of it.
In the Big Bang Theory, Sheldon looks down on Brian Greene.
The Demosthenes of 21st Century physics..what a powerful communicator
Wow! I understood his explanations! Please post more!
his explaination is so crystal clear.....
he says we will know in 5, 7 , 10 years if he is right from LHC experiments. As of today, ELEVEN years have elapsed.
Richard Finkelstein in this dimension 🤷🏼♂️🤷🏼♂️
If you think about discoveries about stuff quantum is probably being made since soon after the LHC was started.
But I wouldn't be holding my breath in expectation of detailed info about these discoveries coming out anytime soon;
I just t couldn't be risked that, for example,a rogue group could, possibly, potentially, however remotely, acquire enough knowledge to, for instance, unleash a maybe a tiny black hole that could destroy life as we know it,.
Brian Greene is one of the merchants of hype bordering in dishonesty and milking the cow of social gullibility with fairytale physics with zero testable predictions and far detached from Reality.
@@MiamiUFO Who else would you qualify in this group?
Almost all promoters of String Theory as a "scientific theory", the people talking about "post empirical science"(very convenient when their ideas are not supported by empirical data), etc; these people are not hard to spot; their signature is hype. Some people call this fairytale Physics. It
I'll have another drink, maybe I understand it better!
And some popcorn!
I was thinking the same. I would like to do some LSD and listen to this vid again.
rather a bottle in front of me, than a frontal lobotomy
Three years later, but I noticed the comment for a reason I think.
Drop acid and you will see it clearly. Maybe only in your own head but what an experience.
@Seditia Rose Dude just noticed your reply. I am late to the party.
Brian Greene makes this so interesting & understandable to us ordinary folk.👽Thx Brian
What we must always remember is that when we find the answer to the meaningful we realize how little later we know. What makes times so special as to be one and absolute? There’s always more, let’s all work together in unity and love
How'd the experiment go?
Norbit CleaverHook They did one, if space could tear, an einsteinian law if I am not mistaken, says that space can be warped, but not torn, they relatively recently did a calculation in which the first few times they mucked up the solved it correctly, the answer inferred that space could be torn if of course string theory was right.
+FrankCoffman lol you are nowhere near educated enough to make that kind of assumption but everyone has the right to their own opinion no matter how bad.
FrankCoffman This article you posted is from 2007. The scientists at CERN have discovered the Higgs Boson last year. This proves that the mathematical theories of String Theory are accurate as their experimentation meet their projected calculations.
We have the Standard Model of Fundamental Particles because of String Theory, and as time goes on, we are finding more and more particles that we are expecting to find from this theory. If this theory is wrong, then why are we keep finding good results and able to make practical use from it under the assumption it is correct? Now I will admit that my level of understanding of physics isn't high enough yet to fully understand String Theory (still an undergraduate in college), but from my understanding, this is new stuff that the scientific community is just starting to accept as fact in an age where all physics textbooks are wrong, as Michio Kaku points out, because they all say "The Universe is mainly made out of atoms," when we know that about 96 percent of it is Dark Matter and Dark Energy.
+FrankCoffman Let's presume you are right. If string theory is wrong, which science always will stay open to, it will not really do any harm to have tested it. It's not like creationism which is plain stupid because it's based on an old unscientific book, this is resting on and derived from the body of science. I mean, it must be the best current explanation since a lot of very smart people, who understand stuff that you and i don't, dedicate their time and carrier to it. Even if not all physicists agree with it, it is still unwise to dismiss it before giving it a fair trial. AND if it turns out to be wrong, some smart people would have spent their time, thinking about a major theory for some time for a scientific reason, and i don't really see how that is a problem. If you have any VALID argument for ridiculing the super-string-theory, bring them on. I don't think you have.
I agree, noone should present something unproved as a fact. :) I hope the research will teach us something, and i'm 99% confident they will eventually find a solution to the problems from which the string-theory arose. But you seem like you have been following the development on this issue a little, do you know where to view some of the test results?
"Today a young man on acid realized that all matter is merely energy condensed to a slow vibration, that we are all one consciousness experiencing itself subjectively..."
Well no, just because we are built by the same means does not mean we are the same consciousness, sorry but no.
I am trying to understand this theory. Do you have a video or an article that explains this »we are built by the same»?
Here is Tom with the weather!
raptorekpl bill hicks
That is exactly what Einstein was trying to say, if you crushed a whole lot of energy down and therefore slowed it's vibration, you would have a mass, like a doughnut or a couch or a pair of glasses but that mass would still retain the same amount of energy if the process could be reversed. The man on ACID got it right.
Amazing articulation. Great man.
Brilliant explanation, just BRILLIANT.
Showing graphics of something that exists in 10+1 dimensions, and talking about finding out "what these things look like", does that even make sense? From the animations it looks like these 11 dimensions are just things existing in three dimensions but on a really small scale. If they operate in all 11 dimensions I guess they could be "seen" in our three dimensions of space too, but. Can these strings really be visualised? Does it even matter what they look like? I'm confused.
Super cool guy. Saw him live yesterday at the Starmus festival. Also looks just the same, maybe he is time traveler.
He also used the same animations to show how gravity warp space-time.
I also saw him yesterday at brazzers
@@captain6876 I am sure you did!
man I love this ted talk intro sound.
Excellent explanation of dimensions. Thanks
begins by talking about the year 1907
length of video- 19:07
Joseph Sewell illuminati confirmed. Well done sir...
Joseph Sewell - though it's not as impressive as the fact that it took almost 3 years before one of those "illuminati confirmed" messages appeared in this thread.
spooky
illuminati confirmed
Too coincidental!
8 years & still waiting for the result!!
Ahmed Yousuf results is higs bosan
It's now been 13 years since the video was made. That was in 2005. It's now 2018,
+
Ahmed Yousuf
It may be 50 or 100 years before you have your answer. Do not be impatient. Science is not like that.
Black hole or arsehole ?
@@VestigialHead so true! Also, what says that our perception of time is only because of 1 definition. 10 years in our earth time is only a slight fraction of time if we get to Mars, their definition has to be different and that's just using our fundamental measurement system.
Such a wonderful speech! the speaker looks like David Duchovny and sounds even smarter !!
Thank you Mr. Greene.
This is an invitation to see an artist theory of the physics of ‘time’ as a physical process. In this theory the extra dimensions of String Theory and parallel universes of Hugh Everett Many worlds interpretation are just future possibilities and opportunities in our one three dimensional Universe of continuous energy exchange or what I like to call continuous creation!
No extra dimensions in LHC by 2017. No supersymmetric particles, and there should be at 1-14 TeV energies.
@7:34 “Some of you will fix that one day” - Loved that. We at least have VR now, holograms one day.
He's so young! This is old but the theory still holds plus so much more.
So much easier to listen to Mr Greene, than actually doing the math... oh my brain hurts...
Easy to listen to because he is talking so much bullshit. You don't really need to pay attntion to it
@@WSCLATER Maybe you think it's bullshit from your perspective because you can't wrap your mind around it.
I just had an idea. I know I am not very smart at this type stuff but maybe this explains black holes? ok so if the proton collider gets particles to crash into each other at nearly the speed light and you have less of material to begin with it will mean some of the material went into a different dimension. Just a thought but Maybe black holes are so strong they get light particles to crash into each other and instead of getting some of the matter to "push through" are dimension like the proton collider does...a black hole actually a punches a hole in our dimension? We know that some matter that goes into a black hole disappears and cant be accounting for , so does black holes prove that we have many dimensions?
'Precise and concise' the mark of a master of the subject
At last! Now I understand string theory! Very clearly explained.
I'm here because I wanted to learn more about sting theory.
The creators of Stranger Things must be big fans of Brian Greene.
This was an amazing well-presented talk.
It takes an outstanding teacher to take such material and make it remotely understandable to a person like me. This is an outstanding teacher.
That was 2008. Now it's 2019, 11 years later. So? What's the answer? And if he is right, what about it? What're the practical implications?
They couldnt find anything in matter that relates to the String Theory so far.
Thats the current standing.
Usually the approach is: Physics suspect to find something and then they go and look for it.
If they find traces of it they look further until their theory is proven.
It's impossible for us humans to find or understand more than 3 dimensions.
It was 2005...uploaded 2008
"..i can only show 2 dimensions on the screen, some of you guys will fix that one day.."
Lol
Shadow747 is it vr?
@@ajk9420 yes
Love to listen you, Extremely wonderful the way you explain things.Best teacher I have ever listen to.Love the visualization to understand what you are talking about can be fallowed easily.
Congratulations!Very clear!
It is the year 2019. How did this experiment go?
The LHC has not revealed hidden dimensions, unfortunately. It has made lots of other discoveries, but not along string theory.
There's a movie about this very experiment he's describing called PARTICLE FEVER - on Netflix, I believe (at least, it was a few years ago when I watched it). To my recollection, it doesn't discover or unveil these extra dimensions, but it does chronicle the discovery/proof of the existence of the Higgs-Boson particle, the so-called (and so-feared) "God particle." For a documentary about a topic most people would find tedious and boring, it's actually a well-paced and rather suspenseful film; and like Dr. Greene, it makes an enormously complex topic very accessible to those of us for whom such topics are above our intellectual pay grade. Give it a watch - if you like this TED talk, I'd be surprised if you didn't find PARTICLE FEVER equally compelling. Cheers!
David S. Thanks for recommending! I couldn’t find it on Netflix but it’s on Amazon Prime Video for free for me. Watching now.
They’re stringing it along. All governed by the equation no conclusions yet = more grants = rich scientists.
Benzknees love the pun. Is there any way to verify this doubt. Not to be rude but what gives you the ability to say that a fundamental theory is just being strung along for funding?
i like music and i like string theory! ^^
Wow he's such a great speaker and explained it pretty good.
Yes. For those with limited curiosity.
Best explanation I have ever witnessed
It’s been 11 years, is there a sequel to this video
Not yet. I will check again after 11 years.
They are waiting for the James Webb telescope to launch to ensure every human possible vantage post can be high alert B.O.L.O. for ANY extra dimensions trying to hide still.....'Not Today Satin'
My question exactly. Part two please!! Wondering too, when the religions of the world will step in and claim that their God is the String Builder. Sorry, could not help myself.
David Burns what would be wrong with saying that God is the string builder? Logically speaking, Christians or other religions believe that God made the universe. They don’t explain how he made it or how it works. That doesn’t mean it’s false, right? If string theory is true that doesn’t disprove God. Just because the Bible never said the earth wasn’t flat but spherical, that doesn’t mean that the Bible is wrong because it never said that the earth wasn’t spherical. Same principle for this in my opinion. If string theory is the most logical explanation for laws of the universe, seems to me that that’s just how God designed it to work. I just don’t think the concepts of science and God are mutually exclusive. In fact, the fact that everything is so orderly and logical seems to point more towards an intelligence than not in my opinion. Anywhozzles😂im sure you weren’t looking for a rebuttal.
Definitely not looking for a rebuttal, but I accept it willingly. It allows me to ponder this about myself, "In order for me to know how little I know, wouldn't I have to know something?" ... not 'believe' in something, but actually 'know', as in scientifically provable repeatedly, not assumed because there's a Sky Fairy, cheers!@@maxmoseley7490
" With no strings attached, they're still stringing you along! "
Jim Baggott book "Fairytale Physics"
as said before a very old vid (LHC not even up and runnnig) but what a excellant, charismatic guy Brian Greene is.
This is the clearest talk this guy ever did. Nothing later really compares.
5 years!!
Its 2019 now been like 9 years😱
@domhanda jcb vfc cc cc DC cc ss z ex ex sa was vvt CRT CRT databases b.c. cc guy5 mm by vvt case access cree floop pop o9 ui is
12
You want to know what's trippy? Everything has gravitational pull, even humans. Our pull is small because we don't have that much mass but we emit gravitational pull regardless. So right now as you sit by your computer you are effecting space fabric. Everywhere you go and everything you do you are warping the fabric of space. Everything you do from taking a breath, to scratching your balls eventually effects everything in the universe in some way or another. By typing this right now I will eventually effect everything in the universe, even a planet hundreds of million light years away that may have a person identical to me typing this very same thing. That's not to say it will be a huge change, maybe just a displacement of a molecule or a microscopic reaction, but it's a change nonetheless.
Yes, that is gravity in a nut shell
Nope, you won't effect anything you don't directly touch. Unless you're in space, all other forces are superior to gravity. Not even the earth's gravity can dislodge an atom. If there was no nuclear attractions, or friction, and you stood still for a few weeks, you might notice small objects have made the smallest of movements towards you. But that is not the case, the light waves that just bounced off of you and back into outer space will have more of an effect on something than your gravity.
Isaiah Phillip well, in theory, we never touch anything, it's just a repulsion between electrons we feel
Regardless, what the guy is trying to say is that we apply a 1x10^-99999 N (not real number, in other words, tiny) force on every object in the universe simply because we exist
And if there were no nuclear attractions (which by I presume you mean electric forces) we would return to a singularity point, since there is nothing pushing us out and we'd all collapse onto ourselves
Having re read his comment, I forfeit my defense towards him, but my corrections stand
I love brian greene, he has an incredible mind. 👏
Fascinating talk.
17:00- Law of Conservation of Energy?
thinh thai Do you mean that there will be loss of energy? if i understand correclty it would still exist in the other dimention?
Man, Brian Greene is a Feynman level orator and explainer. I’d take him over Tyson any day
and now u are fucked for saying that !
A decade old but brilliant and so helpful to understand what has, and has not, happened at CERN.
Excellent presentation.
0:16 Goethe said that "Time is a dimension."
He's talking about spatial dimensions
Time is considered a dimension isnt it?
@@reinman1987cancer
Einstein said that time is a dimension too, in his special theory of relativity.
Where was this guy when I was taking organic chemistry in college??
Compelling and very eloquent!
And meaningless to boot. Don't mistake eloquence for sense.
Exceptional explanation!
Who'd of thought windows media player visuals were the answer all along.
18:00 any new news on this theory? because this video is from 2008
Nop!!! So sad
String theory has become even greater but no evidence still!
Its from 2005
Fantastic clear explanation!
when i was 15 i was able to understand it 20%...but now i m glad that i can understand everything he said...sir we have to appreciate your knowledge,thanks for that speech again❤️
Arnab Zan Baishya low iq i guess