Claire Fraser - The Human Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease
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- Опубліковано 12 лют 2017
- This lecture is part of the IHMC Evening Lecture series.
www.ihmc.us/life/evening_lect...
Human beings are colonized with a diverse collection of microorganisms that inhabit every surface and cavity of the body. This collection of microbes, known as the human microbiome, is made up of nearly one thousand different bacterial species and exists in a mutualistic relationship with us as its host. Indeed, we could not survive without our microbial partners.
Claire M. Fraser, Ph.D. is Director of the Institute for Genome Sciences at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, MD. She has joint faculty appointments at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in the department of Medicine and Microbiology/Immunology.
She helped launch the new field of microbial genomics and revolutionized the way microbiology has been studied. Until 2007, she was President and Director of The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) in Rockville, MD, and led the teams that sequenced the genomes of several microbial organisms, including important human and animal pathogens. Her current research is focused on characterization of the human gut microbiome in health and disease.
Her work on the Amerithrax investigation led to the identification of four genetic mutations in the anthrax spores that allowed the FBI to trace the material back to its original source. She is one of the world’s experts in microbial forensics and the growing concern about dual uses - research that can provide knowledge and technologies that could be misapplied.
Dr. Fraser has authored more than 300 publications, edited three books, and served on the editorial boards of nine scientific journals. Between 1997 and 2008, she was the most highly cited investigator in the field of microbiology and has been recognized for numerous awards.
She has served on many advisory panels for all of the major Federal funding agencies, the National Research Council, the Department of Defense, and the intelligence community. In addition, she has contributed her time as a Board member for universities, research institutes, and other non-profit groups because of her commitment to the education of our next generation of scientists.
Please talk about glyphosate, and what we can do about it. This seems like the most conspicuous problem we all face trying to have a normal microbiome.
Very smart Lady, she can explain science base with public language. 💕
What a fascinating and important subject/ lecture. Claire Fraser presented this material so well for the public to digest ( bad pun). Thank you, TheIHMC!
A very interesting and surprisingly understandable presentation. I am no scholar, but I followed this to the end and it made sense. Thank you for posting this.
Fascinating! And such a fluent presentation. Absolutely first rate.
Amazing sense of humour!
Beautiful talk,,,should be easy enough for most to comprehend, thank you
Thank you for this information. I was educated as a registered nurse over 20 years ago and this topic is just fascinating.
Fascinating to now understand that is not just gut flora.!
"Bad eating habits" would include...
Refined carbohydrates: particularly sugar(s) and flour(s).
Industrial seed oils of any kind, no matter how purportedly "heart healthy."
If consumed as a significant portion of the diet over time, the aforementioned empty calorie non-foods will totally screw up your microbiome - major dysbiosis and autoimmunity: guaranteed.
All industrial oils corn canola soy etc etc, all chemical artificial sweeteners most of which destroy gut bacteria, all non GMO non organic produce glyphosate was patented as an antibiotic and even all the so called heart-healthy whole grains are saturated with it including that container of Quaker oats. Non organic non grass fed meats fed all the GMO feed, also heavy lectin containing foods which are mostly your grains and seeds.
@@MikeVV76 so i shouldn't eat brown rice?
Hi I am Dr Ratna Mulay from Bhopal India. Will like to know more about your work. If you can share
My email address is
ratnamulay@gmail.com
Seed oils empty of calories? Do you mean empty of carbohydrates and protein ?
@@andrewheath5948 ,
Oh, you haven't heard the term "empty calories?" These are high calorie foods that contain little to no nutrients.
In the past, through the 1980s, 90s into the 2000s, saturated fat was referred to as an "empty calorie" because fat is energy dense (9 calories per gram) and, as we know, was considered atherogenic (still no evidence despite looking very hard with biased studies). In addition to saturated fat, fats from grass fed animals can actually contain omega 3 fats which are essential nutrients. Fish and seafood is considered the richest but not exclusive source.
The true "empty calories" come from industrial foods such as seed oils (corn, soy, cotton seed, canola, etc, whether hydrogenated or not) sugars, refined grains, etc. etc.
The refined carbs have zero nutrition and the oils are energy dense. Most industrial foods are composed of a significant percentage of both. High calorie, low nutrition, hence empty calories.
THANK YOU SO, SO MUCH!!!!!!I fully agree with every point explained by this amazing lady!!!!! Jer name will remain!!!!
That was incredibly interesting and informative, thank you. On an unrelated note, I’m so glad I wasn’t sitting near the individual who started coughing about 11 minutes in and continued to do so for several minutes! It drove me up the wall and I’m amazed someone didn’t ask them to go out.
I think it needed putting out of our distraction. Btw, look up Dr. Stephen Gundry on UA-cam he's as competent as this lady.
What a gem Claire is!
We need more information about the potential connection of the nutrients, L carnitine and choline, to this issue.
Best lecture I've seen on this topic ever. And I've seen quite a few.
Never mind. She's full of shit. Humans are hypercarnivores. We need no fiber.
@@LewdCustomer i am coming to this conclusion also.. dr natasha mcbride would have to be far more knowledgeable on this subject, and what does she advocate? bone broth etc.. all these n=1 singular (low to no carbs) studies people are conducting on themselves all over the world seem to be disproving this woman above, that we do not need fibre at all, that we thrive on fats and no need for veges etc.. maybe half the micro organisms in us wouldnt even be there if we didnt eat some of the crap that is inherent in the average western lifestyle of ours.. thanks Bob Owen, for wording it :D
Amazing presentation. I'm incredibly curious to see how textbooks will be rewritten within the next 50 years.
Excellent information.
She’s right as a nurse, I cringe with I hear that my new patient has an infection in his bone. I know right then that we will be fighting for his life no matter how happy he might seem at the moment. Infection of the bone is hard to cure
Thank you
Excellent lecture, thank you fr Hawaii
I hope this burgeoning field of study will spawn a paradigm shift--not just in science and medicine--but globally, in the broadest sense, so that we learn to appreciate and consider the integrity of systems in our choices.
D Marston and that it is ALL about personalized medicine and not dropping people into buckets. The concept of what do I need and what is priority for me now needs to come back into favor.
I became pre-diabetic after a course of antibiotics to cure a long lasting sore throat and cough. Probably the 7th or 8th time I had taken antibiotics in my life. If only we knew how to restore the good microbes . . . I suppose a raw organic vegetable diet for a while followed by a Mediterranean diet wouldn't hurt.
Organic has no benefits and is not necessary.
METHOD OF PREPARATION Example 1 A reaction vessel provided with a stirring mechanism and a reflux condenser was charged with 750 parts by weight of 50% aqueous glycine, 750 parts by weight of 38% orthophosphorous acid, and 500 parts of 38% hydrochloric acid. While stirring the mixture continuously it was heated to C., then 1500 parts of aqueous formaldehyde solution were added gradually over a period of 30 minutes. The reflux condenser was removed and mixture concentrated to evaporate 25% of its volume over a two-hour period. The reaction product was identified as being:
A reaction vessel provided with a stirring mechanism and a reflux condenser was charged with 169 parts by weight of amino diacetic acid hydrochloride, 82 parts of orthophosphorous acid, and 50 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid (38%). The mixture was heated to 100 C. and 200 parts of 37% aqueous formaldehyde were added gradually over a 30-minute period. The resulting solution was maintained at about 100 C. for one hour and 50 parts of p-formaldehyde were then added slowly over a 15 minute period. The resulting product was refluxed for an additional 2 hours. The product was then evaporated in a steam bath to about /3 of its volume and dissolved in hot ethanol. A product was precipitated by the addition of hydrochloric acld and was identified as N,N-diacetic acid aminomethylene phosphonic acid having the formula:
Put that in ya cheerios and call me in the morning...
Amazing lecture!! Couldn't have been better!! Thankyou for your elaborate discussion.
great figures and pictures
I hate veggies, and do very well almost never eating them. I am almost never sick, never had the flu, no stomach problems!!
Did you survive covid
Beneficial Bacteria for President 2020 ! The symbiotic necessary relationship between the bacterial populations and our physiological processes needs to be respected, studied and cared for. May All be well :)
Our micro-biome simplified ,made it interesting with great clarity.I.venkateswarlu
COVID seems to hit people badly who've co-morbidities like obesity, chronic inflammation and type II diabetes as well as the elderly in nursing homes. It would be interesting to investigate gut microbiome diversity as a function of COVID severity/death.
This is an excellent presentation, very informative and interesting. Thank you so much ☺
Very, very interesting
Awesome, is there a point when it is too late to become insulin sensitive?
Well done...............however, was surprised no mention of GMO Foods and most important Glyphosate, which to my understanding is a Microbio wrecker.
ROBERT DAVIS perhaps because that’s not true.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5705608/
@@CraigHocker --Good link Craig. That is the thing Mesnage and Antoniou get right about glyphosate. Regards.
Yes, glyphosate alone MIGHT not cause issues. It's glyphosate combined with other chemicals that has been shown to cause issues. I love nih.gov, but they cherry pick, and don't give the entire story sometimes also.
It is that deep.
@@TheDonwiggins --"It's glyphosate combined with other chemicals that has been shown to cause issues. "
Ok Don, provide the direct links to the studies that exactly prove your claim.
After reading the link provided, it stated that the effects of the entire microbiome have not been studied. They only studied a specific enzyme within the microbiome. I'm sure someone has. I can't find the specific swedish study mentioned here again, but it raised cause for concern.
Most studies are only of glyphosate specifically, and not the other compounds it's usually mixed with.
scholar.google.com/scholar?q=swedish+study+of+glyphosate&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart#d=gs_qabs&u=%23p%3DML-q1911yo0J
My curiosity would be: What would a day or two of water fasting do to the microbiome?
I've been wondering the same. I think it helps. I've been doing intermittent fasting, and the changes are pretty incredible. I've also been whole food, almost completely plant based. Lots of probiotics.
Look into psyllium husk..... resistant starch, feeds healthy gut " buddies"
@@janm9610 Yeahs! Use your gut as a human compost pile, it needs all the right florah and fauna to make you the gest you can be.
Fabulous lecture. Thank you.
Anybody else kept mice as pets and shivered in horror every time mice were mentioned in experiments?
What we do to the animal world is horrific
Watchinig on UA-cam, I can't see where you point with your laser pointer.
Amazing video about why the microbiome is important. If you like this video and want to learn how to eat to feed a good gut, watch video's from dr. Pamela Popper and dr. Michael Greger.
I 've watched dr Popper videos based on your suggestion. Her criticisms of modern medicine and functional medicine somewhat lopsided, incomplete. There's always more to the story. View from different sources, educate yourself and then form your judgment.
or dr natasha mcbride or any of the meat doctors, conversely :D.. many people react to certain vegetables, the lectins and oxalates cause a lot of issues, I have yet to hear of anyone allergic or sensitive to meat and fat
To further clear up the difference between the microbiome and microbiota, think of the microbiome as a house, the furniture inside the house, the HVAC inside the house, the people inside the house, the pets inside the house, etc. Think of the microbiota as just the people, pets, and other living organisms inside the house.
The microbiome consists of the microbiota AND all other environmental factors.
Very interesting lecture given by an intelligent and engaging speaker. One caveat - in the next taping of ANY talk....please kick out anyone who coughs continuously. That was very distracting.
Thanks for that: I can never unhear what you just wrote
WOW Great Video, Question what is the effect of Glyphosate on our gut microbiome
None Dennis. I have already educated you on that.
Apparently it has a known negative effect on bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms (shikimate pathway).
It has been shown to affect the micro biomes of rats. It has been written off as not of concern for humans, but given how much we don't know/are finding out about our micro biome and health, some may think that is premature. Especially as billions of litres of this chemical is added to the environment each year apparently.
@@thisearththeonlyheaven --Please post a link to that rat study Chris.
Bacteria? Glyphosate is broken down in the soil by bacteria.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5972442/
Perhaps we should be concerned about the antibiotic impacts mentioned here, given that glyphosate is an antibiotic.
Well the biom adapts to environment
Like ph or the types of chemical cascade , dite because from a ecological level that's the environment factors.
Exercise raises endorphins yes but temperature and pressure the core surrounds the gut a contractions of the core and chest increases in blood flow. The mind blowing rethink part is R&K selection, is kinda backwards its the bacteria that's was effecting the host more so if the host has less frontal cortex to work with. So if exercise increases gray matter or white matter that means there's gut dominant strains that use neuro toxins to gain emotional/chemical control over the host and gut tandem that work with the brain system of course completely and quality K is preferable but understand function and context R is needed as well
A smart introduction to tell the audience swich off your phones. Like ike
Breast milk is a source of probiotics. Keep in mind that mammary glands are part of the lymphatic system.
54:22 Her book recommendation
Yah you have to absorb them
Why is duke steele so interested in saving us from ourselves? He knows absolutely that shikamate pathway disrupters are not a hazard and that organics are not needed.
Does he own the feedmill in town that sells gmo seeds and "weed" killers?
how sad that you depict 65-80 year old, bent over and with a walking stick- no doubt, food and lifestyle choice may be good reason to end this way, but, we certainly dont know what we dont know, and this depiction could dramatically change, well in me it has.
Although I have developed several limitations, I have every intention of being extremely active (I do not need a walking stick at all when I walk each day)! And I have been fortunate enough to have few problems. I am bothered too by the depiction of older people. I was tremendously bothered by the infirmities obvious when I went to a 50th high school reunion, so many people were very limited. I had known of deaths in my group but I was surprised by the quantity of people who needed some type of support even to live their lives.
Think about the microbiome of people who eat the standard American diet with eggs, beef and cheese and low fiber. How bad that is for your microbione.
Common theme - inflammation? Uhhm, hyperinsulinemia.
I'm curious...If, before the most recent acknowledgement on the microbiota, scientists thought that the microbes were inert "dust particles" that inhabited humans, what did they think regarding other animals? For example, giraffe, gorilla, chimpanzee, panda, koala. Did they think the respective gut floras were just inert particles? If not, why have humans always been viewed as separate from other animals, even by scientists?
Even in the 1970's (when I studied microbiology) nobody thought that the intestinal flora was inert. Everyone knew that when the flora was wiped out, digestion was negatively altered, and a healthy flora could protect one from disease. What we didn't know was how diverse it is, because good gene sequencing tools didn't exist. (One no longer faces the waste of time, spending a whole night baby-sitting your poly-acrylamide gel, only to realize you have over cleaved with your EcoR1.) To study the flora, we would plate out a stool specimen on agar, and incubate it. Seldom would we even place the plate in a candle jar, to remove the oxygen. But the gut is not an oxygen rich environment, so many of the organisms didn't grow, as they are better suited to a micro-aerobic or anaeobic environment. . But just because we didn't realize just how diverse the flora is, doesn't mean we thought of it as inert. Even in the 60's people knew to eat yogurt when they took antibiotics.
No decent scientist thinks of humans as being totally distinct from other animals. If they did, fields like comparative immunology would not exist, and science would not use animal models.
Deborah Freedman
Aren’t humans superior to animals? So our biology must be superior as well? It’s probably inert in all others but our microbes are special. Especially in white people who are the most superior? That’s what they teach in life here in America.
"science" said we had junk DNA too, not far off from the magicians and alchemists they replaced in Thier denial, deciet and delusions.
God dont make junk Dna!
En arche een ho Lógos...!
42:38
Does someone knows what happens to our microbiome when we water fast?
This is just my 'gut feeling' (har-har) as an arm-chair biome experimenter but I suspect that the appendix might function as a biome oasis that serves to re-establish flora. I could be totally wrong. That's just bare intuition, which data often disproves. I hope we find out for real someday!
I wonder about chlorine in water and what that does to microbiome.
Drink spring water - no chlorine or fluoride.
There are people who have cured themselves of chronic illness, depression, and had labs showing exemplary results and they eat head to tail carnivore-NO grains-God no-no to low carbs- they watch their insulin production. 2017 it seems this lady still had work to do... look at the microbiome with varying diets but heavily controlled.
"this lady still had work to do...." read the description box.
I am sure that the people that have cured themselves of ailments on carnivore diet is likely due to elimination of processed junk food and not necessarily due to meat, organs and bone broths.
why never get sick ...
...find out...
I’m calling complete and utter bullpucky on the conclusions drawn that a plant-based diet is all goodness and eating red meat with choline, cholesterol and l-carnitine is bad because the gut bacteria clostridium creates the byproduct trimethylamine which is converted to TMAO in the liver and that is supposed to be the smoking gun to CVD. Reductionistic nonsense. If this is true people who eat a lot of eggs or fish for that matter would have higher rates of CVD since they also cause a rise in TMAO for a brief period of time after eating. Never mind cholesterol and choline are in incredibly important in maintaining the structure of our cells and driving cellular metabolism. Lots of plants equals goodness. No doubt. But so does ethically raised animal meat that are fed their natural diets without hormones or antibiotics. Again, complete reductionistic nonsense.
this lady needs to redo her research in regards to fiber and fat. she is out of date and needs to look at how well people are doing on a Carnivore diet
calling the SAD "meat-based" discredited her quite a lot!
SAD is 80% plant food, not even close to LC, the most conservative meat-based approach.
Very disappointing to hear her repeat the global vegan agenda narrative, mixed up with her actual research.
Could be that SAD is eighty percent refined carbs, ie refined sugar, refined fats, refined flour, things that are often combined with animal products. Also Oreos, chips, etc but no way is a wholesome plant food part of SAD.
100 trillion of bacteria present
......
a little bit of truth mixed into the story makes it more believing...
This was published 3 years ago. Since then new things came up and more is understood. People heal their gut eating carnivore diet. No fiber needed.... so on... Go find new information
I'm always open to new information, but all I've found is that fiber feeds the good bacteria. Do you have any links to articles or videos specifically linking the carnivore diet and gut bacteria?
@@jb82angel So thats with a capital Z then....? lol. Thanks anyway.
poor use of graphs.
Nursing homes: crap "food" lacking variety (type, colour, origin), no exercise, lots of antibiotics and other drugs. Scinece will prove what we already know.
Turning shit into money.