What are restriction enzymes

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A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites.[1][2][3] Restriction enzymes are commonly classified into three types, which differ in their structure and whether they cut their DNA substrate at their recognition site, or if the recognition and cleavage sites are separate from one another. To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each sugar-phosphate backbone (i.e. each strand) of the DNA double helix.
These enzymes are found in bacteria and archaea and provide a defense mechanism against invading viruses.[4][5] Inside a prokaryote, the restriction enzymes selectively cut up foreign DNA in a process called restriction; while host DNA is protected by a modification enzyme (a methylase) that modifies the prokaryotic DNA and blocks cleavage. Together, these two processes form the restriction modification system.[6]
Over 3000 restriction enzymes have been studied in detail, and more than 600 of these are available commercially.[7] These enzymes are routinely used for DNA modification in laboratories, and are a vital tool in molecular cloning.[8][9][10]

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I thought I might make a comment for all those who are like me and don't watch videos that much the whole way through in general, this one about endonucleases: an endonuclease is an enzyme which cleaves a chain of linear polymers comprised of nucleotide units bonded together (polynucleotides) by separating nucleotides except for those on the periphery.

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i want to know according to what the enzyme has its specific seq. of nucleotides which it can recognize it ?

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@Shomu's Biology Sir what if the restriction enzymes created by bacteria are Isoschizomers?
(Isoschizomers can recognise n cleave methylated dna sequences)

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Sir.Very nice.but I have one doubt.how restriction endonuclease enzyme do not affect our parental genome.?.You say there is methylase in parental genome..But phage genome also have methylase ..But how is specifically affect the phage genome not bacterial genome.i am really confused that area?Can u pls explain?

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Sir what about the phage genome it would not function anymore??

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hii ,sir
R.E is only the restriction endonuclease?? nothng more??
can't be othr nucleases lyk exo? or res.endonuclease??

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there are other endonucleases ,but R.E are the most common.

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Exo is not cut a correct cleavage it will cut diffrent area so these no use in R.E

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Sir from where the restriction enzymes were formed inside the bacterial cell? Which organelle responsible for this?

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Even if it has like a written code for a recognition signal sequence.
How do restriction enzyme know how to do its job? How does it know where to go?

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+kenectic it doesn't GO anywhere , its everywhere , the DNA produce so much it fells the hall place of them , swimming everywhere , .

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Correction...The Roman number in the end denotes order of identification

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Thanks a lot for a remarkable lec. I've a qs:
If the restriction site sequence is same for bacteria n phage to be cleaved, How does the bacteria recognize that its his own DNA to be modified or its bacteriophage's? Can't it modify phage's DNA?
Kindly answer.
Thank You

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Bacteria protects its own DNA by methylation it

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R- RY13 strain of E.coli

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why Restriction site is added to primer.....