Present Passive Participles in Russian
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- Опубліковано 7 січ 2020
- Present passive participles in Russian are the easiest of all! And you'll hear them in a few extremely useful expressions, including "frequently asked questions" and the most common way to start a formal letter.
Learn to recognize present passive participles, how they're formed, and also when not to use them. Be sure to watch to the end for tips on some useful words that look like present passive participles, but have the sense that something can't be done (unforgettable, inexplicable, etc.).
To get the most out of this video, be sure to watch my introduction to present active participles: • Present Active Partici...
Or work your way through this complete playlist on Russian participles: bit.ly/2Fz6QrC
Visit my site for more tips on learning Russian: tips4russian.com
If you've reached the point of learning Russian participles, you're probably ready for my in-depth course on verbs of motion: www.tips4russian.com/masterin...
Your updated typography and layout is very pleasant to look at. 💯
Спасибо за урок !!! Это очень интересное и важное видео.
Я люблю грамматику потому что я хочу хорошо говорить по-русски.
Thank you very much. I learned a lot of things with you.
Thank you so so much for this
Hello! I can use every case almost always correctly, but I struggle a lot to recognize when to use one or another, could you make some (or even just one) video talking about WHEN to use the cases, rather than how to? That'd be super helpful. Thanks for the fantastic videos!
Привет Gaargia,
At tips4russian.com I have a 37-video course on uses of the various cases and their endings, but I also have some here on UA-cam:
Usage of the prepositional
ua-cam.com/video/Vij7y-3nxRo/v-deo.html
Dative in subjectless expressions
ua-cam.com/video/PR5iOYybOdc/v-deo.html
Genitive playlist
ua-cam.com/play/PLrIkLgUgjNHdqTEcxWfh7zFIjLLcIHlLy.html
Intro to acc
ua-cam.com/video/H0z56zLNZW0/v-deo.html
Expressing "with" in instrumental
ua-cam.com/video/xrrM_4cdDWM/v-deo.html
A search for "time" or "dates" on this channel will also bring some videos on which cases are used for expressing clock time and dates.
I'm also happy to answer any specific questions you might have here. :)
Такой полезный урок русского языка. Спасибо большое!
Пожалуйста! ))
большое спасибо вам!
Thank you. You teach excellently. One thing I still wonder about the russian language is -ing word equivalents. For example, in English we use -ing verb in just about every part of speech; adjectives, nouns, verbs, adverbs, etc. For example, we'll say: "stop acting like that" (just an example) Or, in a different context, something like "without calling friends, you'll lose friendships" (again just an example) I'm wondering how Russians would express sentences like these. I know this is mostly unrelated to the video, but I wanted to ask.
Great question - there's no single direct equivalent of the various uses of "-ing" in English. A few examples:
to stop doing something = переставать/перестать + infinitive (Он перестал думать об этом - He stopped thinking about it.). Не зная о том, что случилось, я молчал. - 'Not knowing about what happened, I was silent.' From the Russian National Corpus, oral speech section: Без того / чтобы это увидеть своими глазами / наверно / не получается. - 'Without seeing it with your own eyes, it probably doesn't work out. ' And sometimes it's a noun, like говорение 'speaking' (in the context of a language learning skill).
So it really depends on context. :)
@@russiangrammar Thank you very much. You answered my question better than I have ever seen on forums and the like. Your response raises another question though: In this example sentence; Не зная о том, что случилось, я молчал, I'm wondering about the use of "that" before "what." Why did you do that? I've seen declensions of "тот" used with "что" sometimes. I've also seen "там" used with "где" sometimes. What most immediately comes to mind is "дом - там где сердце." I don't know if these things are related at all, but I still would like to know why sometimes what seems like the answers to question words (that is the answer to what, there is the answer to where) are used next to each other. Thanks!
How do you tell apart passive "-en" as in "broken" from passive "-able" as in "breakable." They seem to both be -аемый (and associated forms). Or does the distinction not matter so much...
Great question (enough for a video...). The sense of -able ("can be done") can be expressed in a variety of ways: edible = съедобный, breakable = ломкий (< ломать), debatable = спорный. Even though a few present passive participles (видимый - visible, слышимый - audible, незабываемый - unforgettable) have taken on a nuance like -able in English, it's better to take these on an individual basis as vocabulary, paying attention to how they're used in context.
While I don't yet have a video on it, it's worth mentioning that passive meanings can be expressed in ways other than participles, for example a 3rd p. plural verb ("It's often said that..." = Часто говорят, что...) or a verb with -ся ("The whole design is messed up/broken in this browser" = Весь дизайн ломается в этом браузере).
I often get confused with when to use instrumental case after был. Shouldn't 'unforgettable day' at 3:34 be an instrumental case?
You'll often hear the nominative used after быть in past & future when the context describes some permanent or inherent condition. For example, Мой дедушка был русский = My grandfather was Russian (all his life, nationality is considered something inherent). This contrasts with temporary states: Он был хорошим студентом = He was a good student. This is more of a tendency than an absolute rule; according to Wade's Comprehensive Russia Grammar, using the nominative can be more colloquial, the instrumental more typical of written styles. There's more discussion (in Russian) with examples here: marjulia.livejournal.com/303704.html
@@russiangrammar That explains it, thank you so much!
What’s with soft signs after always hard consonants like читаешь?
At an earlier period in the history of Russian, ш, ж, and ц were in fact always soft. Languages change over time, and by the 1300s (somewhat later for ц) they came to be pronounced as hard - but the spelling has never quite caught up with this. It's kind of like the 'k' and 'gh' in English 'knight,' which reflect an earlier pronunciation.
@@russiangrammar ж can be soft in some positions like зж (визжу, езжу), жж (жжешь, дрожжи) and as щ assimilated by next sound (вещь Данилы) and in some rare situations (the old moscow pronouncation for дождь).
@@MrLevik12 Yes, there are some exceptional/edge cases like these. This video on the channel of Микитко сын Алексеев has some nice examples: ua-cam.com/video/yY7zXn2FU3g/v-deo.html
@@russiangrammar Да, очень основательный канал - здорово, что он известен не только среди русскоязычных. Пользуясь случаем, хочу пожелать успеха и вашему начинанию - с удовольствием смотрю, как вы говорите о языке.